CN106718496A - A kind of method that old kind camellia oleifera lam reconstruction of mountainous region of low yield improves yield - Google Patents

Abstract

The method that a kind of old kind camellia oleifera lam reconstruction of mountainous region of low yield improves yield, its step is：A) whole woods clearly, B）Suitably sparsely fell：C) loosening the soil, it is multiple to cultivate：D）Dig pond fertilising, E）It is pre- to plant renewal, F）Deinsectization is conserved.The positive effect of the present invention is：The method that a kind of old kind camellia oleifera lam reconstruction of mountainous region of low yield of the present invention improves yield, a series of technical measures are taken by old oil tea, make the reasonable part of camellia oleifera lam plant type, improve standing forest nutritional condition, soil fertility in woods is improved, moisture is accumulated, pest and disease damage is reduced, root system is promoted to stretch, pollination rate is improved, so that camellia oleifera lam yield is increased considerably, tea oil yield improves 10~20 kilograms less than 5 kilograms from every mu, yield is high and stablizes, and reaches the effect of stable high yield.

Description

A kind of method that old kind camellia oleifera lam reconstruction of mountainous region of low yield improves yield

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of low yield camellia oleifera lam renovation technique field, change more particularly, to a kind of old kind camellia oleifera lam of low yield Make the method for improving yield.

Background technology

Oil tea, scientific name：Camellia oleifera Abel, belong to Theaceae, evergreen dungarunga.Because its seed can extract oil（Tea Oil）It is edible, it is therefore named.Oil tea whole body is precious, and tea oil is one of universally acknowledged top-quality edible oil, its unsaturated fat Acid, leukotrienes and content of vitamin E are all higher than olive oil, to promoting people's health to be highly profitable, by the United Nations's grain farmer's group The health type edible oil for being classified as emphasis popularization is knitted, growing with global Green consumption, tea oil is subject to vast consumption The favor of person, supply falls short of demand for domestic and international market.It is also a kind of non-drying oil simultaneously, can be processed into engine oil, ironware Antirust oil etc., is again the raw materials such as manufacture vaseline, soap, candle, is important outlet goods and materials, after tea cake is fermented, can make fertilizer Material and insecticide, tea shell can alkalines, preparing active carbon, refinement tannin.The oil tea four seasons are evergreen, leaf heavy leather matter, are to build firebreak Fine tree species；The trunk of virgin forest, branch are farm implements, the good material of furniture and log fuel.

Tea oil is the product from the Nature, is one of best xylophyta edible oil in the world, pure natural, pure ecology, It is safe, by after finishing, added value of product is high, with the improvement of people ' s living standards, people to the demand of food from Steering health type simply having adequate food and clothing, is ideal edible health oil, and the modern consumption for meeting people tends to, wide market. And China tea oil yield is relatively very low at present, about 260,000 tons of yield every year on average, only 0. 2kg per capita, product presents serious for not Should ask.At present, it is known as the olive oil posed as with the status of " vegetable oil queen " in xylophyta oil in the world, the personal value is tea oil Three times, and part nutrition is also slightly poorer than domestic tea oil；The present of edible oil woodyization has been realized substantially in many countries My god, this state between supply and demand can increasingly manifest.

Oil tea main product south China each province, cultivation history is long, and the camellia oleifera lam major part of present main producing region is all before liberation To what is planted at the beginning of liberation, many age of trees more than 40 years, have oneself up to 80 or nine ten years even more than 100 years, kind is original High yield advantage gradually degenerate, production technology means fall behind etc. factor influence, cause tea-oil tree yield low, economic benefit is not high, Many in the presence of parasitic branch, forest form is progressively decayed, and soil fertility declines, and yields poorly and unstable, seriously constrains oil tea pollution-free food The development of industry；And new camellia oleifera cultivar is planted, ten years are at least needed from sapling to high term, and input is big, cost is returned Receive slow.So take which kind of technical measures is transformed existing low yield camellia oleifera lam, greatly improve tea-oil tree yield, scholar ground output capacity It is low, the problem of land resource is wasted, promote to promote the development of camellia oleiferaindustry, alleviate the demand and supply contraction, meet the market demand Needs are imminent.

The content of the invention

The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of old kind camellia oleifera lam reconstruction of mountainous region of low yield and improve yield Method, it implements by the technology that the old kind camellia oleifera lam of low yield is transformed, and improves oil tea yield per unit area and quality, improves and produces Quality and added value, greatly improve the economic benefit of oil tea production, increase the income of peasant, and that realizes rural economy can Sustainable development.

The present invention is that the technical scheme for solving the use of its technical problem is：A kind of old kind camellia oleifera lam reconstruction of mountainous region of low yield is carried The method of high yield, its step is：

A) whole woods is clearly：Tea fruit harvesting after, rank weeds, shrub, tendril in camellia oleifera lam are cut down, by parasitic branch, withered branch, Sick branch, the branch of excessive growth are cut down, and shape pruning principle is every plant and stays two main skills, rationalize tea oil tree plant type, and will cleaning；

B）Suitably sparsely fell：While shape pruning, overstocked oil tea standing forest is sparselyed fell, the standard sparselyed fell is：Thick forest portion Point plant between branches and leaves do not overlap with it is crowded, the density after adjustment is every mu of 100-120 plants, makes the branch between camellia oleifera lam plant Leaf makes full use of sunlight, and the material that photosynthesis is produced can make full use of, and changes the complete ventilated printing opacity of woods, improves effective branch Number, to improve whole camellia oleifera lam area total output；

C) loosening the soil, it is multiple to cultivate：Old camellia oleifera lam deep-cut to loosen the soil and cultivates multiple, the cm of depth 15~20 is carried out once every year, noted when digging ground Meaning does not hinder root system, accomplishes：Grow into forest deep, treelet is more shallow, it is deep outside tree crown, it is more shallow in tree crown, implement to plough and comfort combination principle, make oil Tea forest land is translated under soil from the leaf for falling, and is fully rotted, and to change soil granular structure, increases soil organic fertilizer power and nutrient；

D）Dig pond fertilising：The fermentation vat high according to the deep width of 3~5M is deep-cut, the weeds that will be cut down in step A, filling in oil tea forest land Wood, tendril, parasitic branch, withered branch, sick branch, branch of excessive growth etc. are put into fermenting tank for fermentation self-control farm manure, after 2~3 months, every plant 3~5 kg farm manures are applied, method is：Change different directions opens dressing furrow, depth 15~20 in oil tea tree root side appropriate location every year Cm, the cm of width 20~25, are uniformly put into dressing furrow after farm manure is mixed, and earthing backfills dressing furrow and steps on after fertilising Pressure is steady and sure；

E）Pre- plant updates：It is bad to kind and by Sprout reproduction, still the old tea oil tree of high yield has planted doing of updating using pre- Method, i.e., using breeding seedlings, be selected in the plant of veteran side, and veteran is connected root after seedling is grown up digs up, and to change quality, improves and produces Amount；

F）Deinsectization is conserved：Annual to carry out the spring and keep watch over the autumn harvest, oil tea disease mainly has Oil Tea Anthracnose, Sooty mould, and insect pest has oil tea mao Worm, biston marginata, weevil, oil tea poison moth etc., will be directed to different pest and disease damages, take different prophylactico-therapeutic measures, Prevention Technique Mainly based on biological control.

The positive effect of the present invention is：A kind of old kind camellia oleifera lam reconstruction of mountainous region of low yield of the present invention improves the side of yield Method, a series of technical measures are taken by old oil tea, make the reasonable part of camellia oleifera lam plant type, improve standing forest nutritional condition, improve woods Interior soil fertility, accumulates moisture, reduces pest and disease damage, promotes root system to stretch, and pollination rate is improved, so that camellia oleifera lam yield is significantly Increase, tea oil yield from every mu less than 5 kilograms improve 10~20 kilograms, yield is high and stablize, reach the effect of stable high yield.

Specific embodiment

The invention will be further described for following examples.

The method that a kind of old kind camellia oleifera lam reconstruction of mountainous region of low yield of the present embodiment improves yield, its step is：

A) whole woods is clearly：Tea fruit harvesting after, rank weeds, shrub, tendril in camellia oleifera lam are cut down, by parasitic branch, withered branch, Sick branch, the branch of excessive growth are cut down, and shape pruning principle is every plant and stays two main skills, rationalize tea oil tree plant type, and will cleaning；

B）Suitably sparsely fell：While shape pruning, overstocked oil tea standing forest is sparselyed fell, the standard sparselyed fell is：Thick forest portion Point plant between branches and leaves do not overlap with it is crowded, the density after adjustment is every mu of 100-120 plants, makes the branch between camellia oleifera lam plant Leaf makes full use of sunlight, and the material that photosynthesis is produced can make full use of, and changes the complete ventilated printing opacity of woods, improves effective branch Number, to improve whole camellia oleifera lam area total output；

C) loosening the soil, it is multiple to cultivate：Old camellia oleifera lam deep-cut to loosen the soil and cultivates multiple, the cm of depth 15~20 is carried out once every year, noted when digging ground Meaning does not hinder root system, accomplishes：Grow into forest deep, treelet is more shallow, it is deep outside tree crown, it is more shallow in tree crown, implement to plough and comfort combination principle, make oil Tea forest land is translated under soil from the leaf for falling, and is fully rotted, and to change soil granular structure, increases soil organic fertilizer power and nutrient；

D）Dig pond fertilising：The fermentation vat high according to the deep width of 3~5M is deep-cut, the weeds that will be cut down in step A, filling in oil tea forest land Wood, tendril, parasitic branch, withered branch, sick branch, branch of excessive growth etc. are put into fermenting tank for fermentation self-control farm manure, after 2~3 months, every plant 3~5 kg farm manures are applied, method is：Change different directions opens dressing furrow, depth 15~20 in oil tea tree root side appropriate location every year Cm, the cm of width 20~25, are uniformly put into dressing furrow after farm manure is mixed, and earthing backfills dressing furrow and steps on after fertilising Pressure is steady and sure；

E）Pre- plant updates：It is bad to kind and by Sprout reproduction, still the old tea oil tree of high yield has planted doing of updating using pre- Method, i.e., using breeding seedlings, be selected in the plant of veteran side, and veteran is connected root after seedling is grown up digs up, and to change quality, improves and produces Amount；

F）Deinsectization is conserved：Annual to carry out the spring and keep watch over the autumn harvest, oil tea disease mainly has Oil Tea Anthracnose, Sooty mould, and insect pest has oil tea mao Worm, biston marginata, weevil, oil tea poison moth etc., will be directed to different pest and disease damages, take different prophylactico-therapeutic measures, Prevention Technique Mainly based on biological control.

Above is having carried out exemplary description to the present invention, it is clear that realization of the invention is not limited by aforesaid way System, if the various improvement that technical solution of the present invention is carried out are employed, or it is not improved by design of the invention and technical scheme Other occasions are directly applied to, within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. the method that a kind of old kind camellia oleifera lam reconstruction of mountainous region of low yield improves yield, it is characterized in that：

A) whole woods is clearly：Tea fruit harvesting after, rank weeds, shrub, tendril in camellia oleifera lam are cut down, by parasitic branch, withered branch, Sick branch, the branch of excessive growth are cut down, and shape pruning principle is every plant and stays two main skills, rationalize tea oil tree plant type, and will cleaning；

B）Suitably sparsely fell：While shape pruning, overstocked oil tea standing forest is sparselyed fell, the standard sparselyed fell is：Thick forest portion Point plant between branches and leaves do not overlap with it is crowded, the density after adjustment is every mu of 100-120 plants, makes the branch between camellia oleifera lam plant Leaf makes full use of sunlight, and the material that photosynthesis is produced can make full use of, and changes the complete ventilated printing opacity of woods, improves effective branch Number, to improve whole camellia oleifera lam area total output；

C) loosening the soil, it is multiple to cultivate：Old camellia oleifera lam deep-cut to loosen the soil and cultivates multiple, the cm of depth 15~20 is carried out once every year, noted when digging ground Meaning does not hinder root system, accomplishes：Grow into forest deep, treelet is more shallow, it is deep outside tree crown, it is more shallow in tree crown, implement to plough and comfort combination principle, make oil Tea forest land is translated under soil from the leaf for falling, and is fully rotted, and to change soil granular structure, increases soil organic fertilizer power and nutrient；

D）Dig pond fertilising：The fermentation vat high according to the deep width of 3~5M is deep-cut, the weeds that will be cut down in step A, filling in oil tea forest land Wood, tendril, parasitic branch, withered branch, sick branch, branch of excessive growth etc. are put into fermenting tank for fermentation self-control farm manure, after 2~3 months, every plant 3~5 kg farm manures are applied, method is：Change different directions opens dressing furrow, depth 15~20 in oil tea tree root side appropriate location every year Cm, the cm of width 20~25, are uniformly put into dressing furrow after farm manure is mixed, and earthing backfills dressing furrow and steps on after fertilising Pressure is steady and sure；

E）Pre- plant updates：It is bad to kind and by Sprout reproduction, still the old tea oil tree of high yield has planted doing of updating using pre- Method, i.e., using breeding seedlings, be selected in the plant of veteran side, and veteran is connected root after seedling is grown up digs up, and to change quality, improves and produces Amount；

F）Deinsectization is conserved：Annual to carry out the spring and keep watch over the autumn harvest, oil tea disease mainly has Oil Tea Anthracnose, Sooty mould, and insect pest has oil tea mao Worm, biston marginata, weevil, oil tea poison moth etc., will be directed to different pest and disease damages, take different prophylactico-therapeutic measures, Prevention Technique Mainly based on biological control.