CN104285617A - Quick-acting cultivation technologies for low-yield oil camellia forest - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to quick-acting cultivation technologies for a low-yield oil camellia forest. With tillage and straightening combination as a principle, the low-yield oil camellia forest is modified through a series of integrated cultivation technologies of forestland clearing, dense forest thinning, pruning, deep-excavation wasteland reclaim and reasonable fertilization, the low-yield oil camellia forest is promoted to have more blooms and fruits and keep good fruits, and the per unit area yield and the quality of oil camellia are substantially improved. Due to the implementation of the technologies, the low-yield oil camellia forest can achieve the yield of 35 kg oil per mu on the second year and the benefits are increased by more than 40%; the oil camellia industry can become the advantageous industry for promoting income increase and wealth obtaining of farmers, the economic income of the farmers can be increased, and the sustainable development of rural economy is achieved; meanwhile, the forest coverage rate can be increased, and a positive effect is achieved for ecological environment protection.

Description

A kind of quick-acting culture techniques of low yield camellia oleifera lam transformation

Technical field

The present invention relates to the quick-acting Cultivate administrations of a kind of low yield camellia oleifera lam transformation, be specifically related to the quick-acting culture techniques of a kind of low yield camellia oleifera lam transformation.

Technical background

Camellia oleiferaindustry is a strong industry of Guangxi Mountains economy.At present, medium-scale above its tea oil production capacity of processing enterprise of the whole district is more than 60,000 tons, and product line comprises the deep processing and utilization such as processing refinement of primary oil, full refining oil, semi-refined oil, base oil for cosmetic.But due to insufficient raw material, product yield is restricted.Lingyun County is one of national oil tea main producing region, be " national camellia oleiferaindustry development plan (2009-2020) " core development zone, plant with a long history, the existing camellia oleifera lam area in the whole county 22.6 ten thousand mu, come whole district's first eight bits, year tea seed output about 7,000,000 kilograms.Oil tea is not only the main source of local masses' edible oil, is also an important industry of local economy, and oil tea produces the pith having become forestry development.

Due to many genus seedling forestation of oil tea development at that time, variet complexity is inferior, yield per unit area is lower and unstable, oil tea gross annual output amount is low, oil tea produces upper ubiquitous " low yield, poor efficiency " phenomenon, the serious contusion enthusiasm of numerous operators, oil tea raw material supply ability can meet far away the demand of oil tea processing enterprise production capacity.Therefore, by taking to transform existing low yield camellia oleifera lam, improving oil tea PRODUCTIVITY OF FOREST SOIL, increasing tea-oil tree yield, ensure raw material supply, realize the effective measures that camellia oleiferaindustry is good and fast.

Tea oil is one of best woody plant edible oil in the world, the pure natural plant oil that people like, along with the raising of people's living standard, people turn to health type to the demand of food from simply having adequate food and clothing, and our tea oil output is relatively very low at present, output about 260,000 tons every year on average, per capita only 0.2kg, product presents seriously that supply falls short of demand.

Tea oil is the product from the Nature, pure natural, pure ecology, and safety is high, and after fine finishining, added value of product is high, is ideal edible health oil, meets the modern consumption trend of people, wide market.

At present, be known as the olive oil of posing as with the status of " vegetable oil queen " in the world in woody plant oil, the personal value is three times of tea oil, and part nutrition is also slightly poorer than domestic tea oil; Substantially, realize today of edible oil woodyization in many countries, this state between supply and demand can manifest day by day.

As can be seen here, the domestic and international market demand of tea oil is huge, and prospect is considerable, therefore, greatly develops camellia oleiferaindustry, improves constantly the seed output and quality of oil tea product, can revitalize local economy, improves the living standard of vast farmers.

Prior art

Because oil tea management condition oeverall quality is not high, add and raise variety aging, the original high yield advantage of kind is degenerated gradually, the impact of the factors such as production technology means fall behind, cause tea-oil tree yield low, economic benefit is not high, seriously constrains the development of oil tea Green Food Industry; Take which kind of technical measures to transform low yield camellia oleifera lam, significantly improve tea-oil tree yield, go back the Integration ofTechnology that neither one is unified; The enforcement of this culture technique, efficiently solves low yield camellia oleifera lam agricultural technology problem, promotes the development promoting camellia oleiferaindustry, alleviates the demand and supply contraction, the needs of meeting the need of market.

The object of invention

Implemented by the technology transformed low yield camellia oleifera lam, improve oil tea yield per unit area and quality, improve the quality of products and added value, make it to form industrialization, significantly improve the economic benefit that oil tea produces, increase the income of peasant, realize the sustainable development of rural economy.

The content of invention

Technology path of the present invention: forest land cleaning → thick forest sparselys fell → pruning → deep-cut and cultivate the multiple → sparse woods after-culture → rational application of fertilizer → extermination of disease and insect pest.

Embodiment:

(1) forest land cleaning: after tea fruit is gathered, rank weeds, shrub, tendril in camellia oleifera lam are cut down, and oil tea forest land will be cleaned out;

(2) thick forest is sparselyed fell: divide overstocked camellia oleifera lam and sparsely fell, the standard of sparselying fell is: between the plant of thick forest part, branches and leaves are not overlapping and crowded; Density after adjustment is every mu of 100-120 strain; Make the branches and leaves between camellia oleifera lam plant make full use of sunlight, the substance that photosynthesis produces makes full use of;

(3) pruning: remove parasitic branch in camellia oleifera lam, sick branch, cuts off water sprout and overstocked branch and thin and delicate interior thorax branch and pin branch, tea oil tree branch is evenly distributed, compact conformation, the branch under pruning is cleaned out oil tea forest land; Reduce nutrient consumption, favourable solar radiation, makes fertility be fed on effective result branch;

(4) deep-cut cultivate multiple: implement to plough and comforts combination principle, after pruning completes, oil tea forest land is cultivated comprehensively multiple 1 time, the degree of depth is 20 cm, make oil tea forest land under the leaf fallen translates into soil, fully rot, to change soil aggregate, increase soil organic fertilizer power and nutrient;

(5) sparse woods after-culture: cultivate multiple after, will carry out after-culture to the part that oil tea forest land is dredged excessively, ensure the effective strain number of mu, after-culture sapling adopts the grafting of more than 2 years, in order to result as early as possible;

(6) rational application of fertilizer: after sparse woods after-culture completes, will carry out the rational application of fertilizer, execute complex fertilizer 300 jin (compoiste fertilizer 200 jin, composite fertilizer 100 jin) year for every mu; Adopt the method for ditching fertilising, ring-type or strip dressing furrow is excavated above the peripheral slope of tree crown, furrow width 12 centimetres, ditch depth 15 centimetres carry out uniform of application, earthing backfill dressing furrow after fertilising also jams on having peace of mind, evaporate to prevent fertilizer nutrient or wash away loss after rainwater, ensure that tea tree grows to the demand supply of nutrient to the abundant absorption of fertilizer and tea fruit, reach the object of high yield;

(7) extermination of disease and insect pest: what have damage by disease and insect to occur as discovery camellia oleifera lam in daily production management will prevent and treat in time, and Prevention Technique is mainly based on biological control.

Main effect

After low yield camellia oleifera lam is implemented by this quick-acting culture technique, the camellia oleifera lam of Second Year can realize per mu yield oil 35 kilograms, and benefit improves more than 40%.

Claims (1)

1. the present invention is mainly concerned with the quick-acting culture techniques of a kind of low yield camellia oleifera lam transformation, and its feature comprises the steps:

(1) forest land cleaning: after tea fruit is gathered, rank weeds, shrub, tendril in camellia oleifera lam are cut down, and oil tea forest land will be cleaned out;

(2) thick forest is sparselyed fell: divide overstocked camellia oleifera lam and sparsely fell, the standard of sparselying fell is: between the plant of thick forest part, branches and leaves are not overlapping and crowded; Density after adjustment is every mu of 100-120 strain; Make the branches and leaves between camellia oleifera lam plant make full use of sunlight, the substance that photosynthesis produces makes full use of;

(3) pruning: remove parasitic branch in camellia oleifera lam, sick branch, cuts off water sprout and overstocked branch and thin and delicate interior thorax branch and pin branch, tea oil tree branch is evenly distributed, compact conformation, the branch under pruning is cleaned out oil tea forest land; Reduce nutrient consumption, favourable solar radiation, makes fertility be fed on effective result branch;

(4) deep-cut cultivate multiple: implement to plough and comforts combination principle, after pruning completes, oil tea forest land is cultivated comprehensively multiple 1 time, the degree of depth is 20 cm, make oil tea forest land under the leaf fallen translates into soil, fully rot, to change soil aggregate, increase soil organic fertilizer power and nutrient;

(5) sparse woods after-culture: cultivate multiple after, will carry out after-culture to the part that oil tea forest land is dredged excessively, ensure the effective strain number of mu, after-culture sapling adopts the grafting of more than 2 years, in order to result as early as possible;

(6) rational application of fertilizer: after sparse woods after-culture completes, will carry out the rational application of fertilizer, execute complex fertilizer 300 jin (compoiste fertilizer 200 jin, composite fertilizer 100 jin) year for every mu; Adopt the method for ditching fertilising, ring-type or strip dressing furrow is excavated above the peripheral slope of tree crown, furrow width 12 centimetres, ditch depth 15 centimetres carry out uniform of application, earthing backfill dressing furrow after fertilising also jams on having peace of mind, evaporate to prevent fertilizer nutrient or wash away loss after rainwater, ensure that tea tree grows to the demand supply of nutrient to the abundant absorption of fertilizer and tea fruit, reach the object of high yield;

(7) extermination of disease and insect pest: what have damage by disease and insect to occur as discovery camellia oleifera lam in daily production management will prevent and treat in time, and Prevention Technique is mainly based on biological control.