CN106332709A - Camellia oleifera planting method - Google Patents
Camellia oleifera planting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106332709A CN106332709A CN201510415738.9A CN201510415738A CN106332709A CN 106332709 A CN106332709 A CN 106332709A CN 201510415738 A CN201510415738 A CN 201510415738A CN 106332709 A CN106332709 A CN 106332709A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The invention discloses a camellia oleifera planting method. The camellia oleifera planting method comprises the following steps: (1), planting site selecting; (2), clearing and soil preparing; (3), digging; (4), forest planting and field planting; (5), young growth tending. The camellia oleifera planting method provided by the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the survival rate is high, the oil-tea camellia is strong in adaptability, and the life is long, the economic output of a camellia oleifera land is high, industrialized development of camellia oleifera in China is promoted, the self-sufficiency rate of edible vegetable oil in China is increased, and the method represents a strategic measure for cultivating and expanding woody oil plant industry and ensuring state grain and oil safety.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Camellia sinensis planting technique field, more particularly, to a kind of oil tea method for planting.
Background technology
Discuss according to the traditional Chinese medical science, be eaten for a long time Oleum Camelliae, the cholesterol in human serum can be reduced, have obvious curative effects to diseases such as hypertension, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, obesity.Meanwhile, the effects such as have beauty care, digestibility reaches more than 99%, particularly can play good health-care effect to restoring after puerpera, be the king in oil.
Oil tea is Chinese distinctive oil plant seeds, and its fruit can refine important natural green organic health edible oil Oleum Camelliae.Record according to the Classic of Mountains and Rivers, the Chinese cultivated oil tea history of existing more than 2300 year.However, mournful be, for various reasons, Oleum Camelliae " ensconces boudoir people not knowing " but for a long time, compatriots' especially northern area generally lacks enough cognitions to Oleum Camelliae, and due to reasons such as per mu yield is low, reciprocation cycle length, the industrialization of oil tea is even more paces slowly even to be occurred falling back.
Content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is aiming at the drawbacks described above of prior art, provides a kind of oil tea method for planting.
The technical problem to be solved employs the following technical solutions to realize.
A kind of oil tea method for planting is it is characterised in that the step including is:
(1) step selecting reproducing area: plantation measures select tailo or half tailo, hillside fields below 25 for the gradient in the low mountain of below height above sea level 1000m, middle mountain or knob, slope aspect, under in the position of slope, more than thickness of soil 50cm, draining preferably, the acid yellow soil of ph value 5-6.5 or red soil；
(2) during the step site preparation of clear mountain site preparation, reproducing area is made an overall screening, cut down weeds and shrub comprehensively, carry out refining mountain；
(3) step opening cave；
(4) afforestation, the step of field planting select rainy season to go up a hill afforestation, 89 plants/acre of the density of plantation, seeding row spacing 3 × 2.5m；The leaf of 50%-70% is cut, to reduce plant moisture evaporation when planting；2 kilograms/cave of organic fertilizer, fertilizer is colonized after fully being mixed thoroughly with topsoil in cave, when planting, nutrient bag is all torn out, nursery stock wants righting, root system will be unfolded, transplanted seedling tree depth should exceed 1-1.5 centimetre of the rhizosphere in first garden ground, layering is banketed and is tracked tramping, and when planting, every plant is poured and determines root 25 kg of water, tree root base portion soil lifts, prevent rainy season cave soil depression hydrops, the immersion nursery stock caused is dead；
(5) step of tending ot young growth, including
Weed with a hoe: afforestation weeding then 2 times, 2-3 weeds with a hoe 3 times every year, the time be selected in rainy season after, before dry season arrives, depth 3-5cm；
Water: after afforestation, in the weekly water of arid season it is desirable to every plant is poured 5 kilograms；
Fertilising: fertilization to sapling, annual 1 time, apply quick-acting fertilizer in conjunction with weeding with a hoe；Every mu of First Year applies 3-6 kilogram of ammonium sulfate, 1.5-3 kilogram of calcium superphosphate, 0.25-0.35 kilogram of potassium nitrate；Every mu of Second Year applies 4-7 kilogram of ammonium sulfate, 2-4 kilogram of calcium superphosphate, 0.33-0.5 kilogram of potassium nitrate；3rd year every mu apply 6-8 kilogram of ammonium sulfate, 3-6 kilogram of calcium superphosphate, 0.46-0.7 kilogram of potassium nitrate；
After-culture: afforestation then or next year, finds to be short of seedling, from carrying out after-culture with the seedlings of variety type or container seedling；
Pruning: after seedling planting, cut off terminal bud on the 3rd year, promote one-level branch growth, cut off primary lateral branches terminal bud on the 4th year, promote two grades of collateral generations, cut off two grades of side shoot terminal buds on the 5th year, promote three-level collateral generation.Once pruned every year later, wiped out disease branch, weak branch and nutrition branch.
Fertilising step in above-mentioned steps (5), its fertilizing method have spread fertilizer over the fields, ring-type ditch spread and 3 kinds of radial ditch spread.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the invention provides a kind of oil tea method for planting, this method for planting survival rate is high, oil tea has strong adaptability, the advantage of life-span length, the economic output in oil tea forest land is high, contribute to promoting China's Oleum Camelliae industrialized development, the degree of self-sufficiency of China's edible vegetable oil can be improved, be to cultivate and grow woody oleiferous plants industry, the strategic measure of guarantee national grain and oil safety.
Specific embodiment
In order that technological means, creation characteristic, reached purpose and effect that the present invention realizes are easy to understand, with reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is expanded on further.
A kind of oil tea method for planting,
Kind nursery stock and quality select: according to conditions such as Dongzhi County geography, weather, soil, it then follows the principle of " matching species with the site ", determine that tea oil tree is seeds of planting.Nursery stock adopts long woods series high-quality grafting apparatus Seedling and Anhui major clique row grafting plant etc. (one-level Seedling >=more than 15c, d >=0.2cm).
Plantation measures: reproducing area should select in the low mountain of below 1000m, middle mountain or knob, with tailo, half tailo is advisable slope aspect, hillside fields below 25 for the gradient, in the position of slope under, more than thickness of soil 50cm, draining preferably, the acid yellow soil of ph value 5-6. or red soil.
Clear mountain site preparation: during site preparation, reproducing area is made an overall screening, cut down weeds and shrub comprehensively, carry out refining mountain.
Open cave: open cave specification 50 × 50 × 40 × 35 × 35cm.
Method of forestation and the density of plantation: using annual growth woods series high-quality grafting apparatus Seedling and Anhui major clique row high-quality grafting apparatus Seedling afforestation, 89 plants/acre of the density of plantation, seeding row spacing 3 × 2.5m.
Field planting: select rainy season to go up a hill afforestation.More than 50% leaf is cut, to reduce plant moisture evaporation when planting；2 kilograms/cave of organic fertilizer, fertilizer is colonized after fully being mixed thoroughly with topsoil in cave, when planting, nutrient bag is all torn out, nursery stock wants righting, root system will be unfolded, the depth is moderate, (transplanted seedling tree depth should exceed 1-1.5 centimetre of the rhizosphere in first garden ground and be advisable) layering is banketed and is tracked tramping, and when planting, every plant is poured and determines one barrel of water of root (25 kilograms), with loosening the soil, base portion is piled " steamed bread " shape, prevent rainy season cave soil depression hydrops, the immersion nursery stock caused is dead.
Tending ot young growth
Weed with a hoe: afforestation weeding then 2 times, 2-3 weeds with a hoe 3 times every year, the time be selected in rainy season after, before dry season arrives, depth is advisable with 3-5cm.
Water: after afforestation, in the weekly water of arid season it is desirable to every plant is poured 5 kilograms.
Fertilising: fertilization to sapling, annual 1 time, apply quick-acting fertilizer ins conjunction with weeding with a hoe, press as carbamide, sulfur, phosphorus by etc.；Every mu of First Year applies 3-6 kilogram of ammonium sulfate, 1.5-3 kilogram of calcium superphosphate, 0.25-0.35 kilogram of potassium nitrate；Every mu of Second Year applies 4-7 kilogram of ammonium sulfate, 2-4 kilogram of calcium superphosphate, 0.33-0.5 kilogram of potassium nitrate；3rd year every mu apply 6-8 kilogram of ammonium sulfate, 3-6 kilogram of calcium superphosphate, 0.46-0.7 kilogram of potassium nitrate；Fertilizing method have spread fertilizer over the fields, ring-type ditch spread and 3 kinds of radial ditch spread.
After-culture: afforestation then or next year, finds to be short of seedling, from carrying out after-culture with the seedlings of variety type or container seedling.
Pruning: after seedling planting, cut off terminal bud on the 3rd year, promote one-level branch growth, cut off primary lateral branches terminal bud on the 4th year, promote two grades of collateral generations, cut off two grades of side shoot terminal buds on the 5th year, promote three-level collateral generation；Once pruned every year later, wiped out disease branch, weak branch and nutrition branch.
The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control: oil tea Major Diseases have anthrax, soft rot etc., Major Pests have Parametrites theae, curculio chinensis etc.；The principle of " putting prevention first, comprehensive control " is followed in preventing and treating, based on tending technique, the comprehensive preventive health measuress that combine with biological, medical treatment.When carrying out cultivating multiple, catch cropping fertilising it is noted that buried disease plate, sick leaf and disease are stayed, kill worm's ovum and worm pupa, surgery history diseased plant.Note protecting and utilize natural enemy, carry out Biological control；Once generation pest and disease damage, measure to be taken to administer.
Ultimate principle and principal character and the advantages of the present invention of the present invention have been shown and described above.It should be understood by those skilled in the art that; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; merely illustrating the principles of the invention described in above-described embodiment and description; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements both fall within scope of the claimed invention.Claimed scope is by appending claims and its equivalent thereof.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of oil tea method for planting is it is characterised in that the step including is:
(1) step selecting reproducing area: plantation measures select tailo or half tailo, hillside fields below 25 for the gradient in the low mountain of below height above sea level 1000m, middle mountain or knob, slope aspect, under in the position of slope, more than thickness of soil 50cm, draining preferably, the acid yellow soil of ph value 5-6.5 or red soil；
(2) during the step site preparation of clear mountain site preparation, reproducing area is made an overall screening, cut down weeds and shrub comprehensively, carry out refining mountain；
(3) step opening cave；
(4) afforestation, the step of field planting select rainy season to go up a hill afforestation, 89 plants/acre of the density of plantation, seeding row spacing 3 × 2.5m；The leaf of 50%-70% is cut, to reduce plant moisture evaporation when planting；2 kilograms/cave of organic fertilizer, fertilizer is colonized after fully being mixed thoroughly with topsoil in cave, when planting, nutrient bag is all torn out, nursery stock wants righting, root system will be unfolded, transplanted seedling tree depth should exceed 1-1.5 centimetre of the rhizosphere in first garden ground, layering is banketed and is tracked tramping, and when planting, every plant is poured and determines root 25 kg of water, tree root base portion soil lifts, prevent rainy season cave soil depression hydrops, the immersion nursery stock caused is dead；
(5) step of tending ot young growth, including
Weed with a hoe: afforestation weeding then 2 times, 2-3 weeds with a hoe 3 times every year, the time be selected in rainy season after, before dry season arrives, depth 3-5cm；
Water: after afforestation, in the weekly water of arid season it is desirable to every plant is poured 5 kilograms；
Fertilising: fertilization to sapling, annual 1 time, apply quick-acting fertilizer in conjunction with weeding with a hoe；Every mu of First Year applies 3-6 kilogram of ammonium sulfate, 1.5-3 kilogram of calcium superphosphate, 0.25-0.35 kilogram of potassium nitrate；Every mu of Second Year applies 4-7 kilogram of ammonium sulfate, 2-4 kilogram of calcium superphosphate, 0.33-0.5 kilogram of potassium nitrate；3rd year every mu apply 6-8 kilogram of ammonium sulfate, 3-6 kilogram of calcium superphosphate, 0.46-0.7 kilogram of potassium nitrate；
After-culture: afforestation then or next year, finds to be short of seedling, from carrying out after-culture with the seedlings of variety type or container seedling；
Pruning: after seedling planting, cut off terminal bud on the 3rd year, promote one-level branch growth, cut off primary lateral branches terminal bud on the 4th year, promote two grades of collateral generations, cut off two grades of side shoot terminal buds on the 5th year, promote three-level collateral generation.Once pruned every year later, wiped out disease branch, weak branch and nutrition branch.
2. a kind of oil tea method for planting according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that fertilising step in above-mentioned steps (5), its fertilizing method have spread fertilizer over the fields, ring-type ditch spread and 3 kinds of radial ditch spread.
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| CN201510415738.9A CN106332709A (en) | 2015-07-09 | 2015-07-09 | Camellia oleifera planting method |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106818389A (en) * | 2017-04-07 | 2017-06-13 | 张玉保 | A kind of method for hybridizing oil tea cuttage cultivation |
| CN107182679A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-09-22 | 玉屏侗族自治县油茶产业发展领导小组办公室 | A kind of oil tea is rich in the implantation methods of selenium |
| CN107306636A (en) * | 2017-07-15 | 2017-11-03 | 湖北华鸿农贸有限责任公司 | A kind of low-cost environmental-protecting afforestation process for not digging mountain site preparation |
| CN107484778A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2017-12-19 | 三江县稻香山茶油生态发展有限公司 | A kind of insecticide containing Tea Saponin and preparation method thereof |
| CN108271603A (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-07-13 | 龙山县爱国家庭农场有限责任公司 | A kind of method for planting of camellia oleifera lam |
| CN108283097A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2018-07-17 | 陶爱群 | A kind of cultural method of high yield oil tea |
| CN108496689A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-09-07 | 贵州益寿农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of oil tea |
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| CN103081671A (en) * | 2012-11-14 | 2013-05-08 | 永州锦溁新能源开发有限公司 | Planting method for tea-oil trees |
| CN104285617A (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2015-01-21 | 雷炳忠 | Quick-acting cultivation technologies for low-yield oil camellia forest |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106818389A (en) * | 2017-04-07 | 2017-06-13 | 张玉保 | A kind of method for hybridizing oil tea cuttage cultivation |
| CN108283097A (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2018-07-17 | 陶爱群 | A kind of cultural method of high yield oil tea |
| CN107182679A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-09-22 | 玉屏侗族自治县油茶产业发展领导小组办公室 | A kind of oil tea is rich in the implantation methods of selenium |
| CN107306636A (en) * | 2017-07-15 | 2017-11-03 | 湖北华鸿农贸有限责任公司 | A kind of low-cost environmental-protecting afforestation process for not digging mountain site preparation |
| CN107484778A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2017-12-19 | 三江县稻香山茶油生态发展有限公司 | A kind of insecticide containing Tea Saponin and preparation method thereof |
| CN107484778B (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2020-05-22 | 三江县稻香山茶油生态发展有限公司 | Insecticide containing tea saponin and preparation method thereof |
| CN108271603A (en) * | 2018-01-18 | 2018-07-13 | 龙山县爱国家庭农场有限责任公司 | A kind of method for planting of camellia oleifera lam |
| CN108496689A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-09-07 | 贵州益寿农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of oil tea |
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