CN106562417A - 一种花果发酵原液及其制作方法 - Google Patents
一种花果发酵原液及其制作方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106562417A CN106562417A CN201610936930.7A CN201610936930A CN106562417A CN 106562417 A CN106562417 A CN 106562417A CN 201610936930 A CN201610936930 A CN 201610936930A CN 106562417 A CN106562417 A CN 106562417A
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- camellia nitidissima
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种花果发酵原液及其制作方法。该花果发酵原液系由原料发酵而成,所述原料按照质量份包含20~40份墨米醋、40~60份福莱多、20~40份刺梨、10~20份金花茶和10~20份玫瑰花。本发明的花果发酵原液,其发酵的原料包含刺梨、金花茶和玫瑰花,这些组分所具有的药效能相互协同,能起到较好的滋补健体,由此提高了花果发酵原液的保健效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及发酵的技术领域,具体而言,涉及一种花果发酵原液及其制作方法。
背景技术
植物发酵原液通常是指一些天然新鲜蔬菜、水果、糙米、菇类、药食同源中药等植物经一种或多种益生菌发酵,产生的含有丰富的酵素、维生素、矿物质、氨基酸、各种有机酸、多糖等营养成分的混合液经过滤除去杂质后得到的液体。通过发酵,原材料的货架期、风味、质地都可以得到改善,还可以去除不良成分,使对人身体有益的成分得到加强,并新生出许多有益于身体的酵素。而这些有益的酵素是一种具有催化活性的蛋白质。无论动物还是植物,一切生物的活动都需要酶的参与。人体不仅每天所摄取食物的消化吸收、体内各器官的运作、细胞的新陈代谢都离不开酶,而且分解进入体内的任何物质也需要酶的活动才能够完成。
以上现有技术中,植物发酵原液的保健功能不够。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本发明一方面在于提供一种花果发酵原液,该花果发酵原液具有较好的保健效果。
一种花果发酵原液,系由原料发酵而成,所述原料按照质量份包含20~40份墨米醋、40~60份福莱多、20~40份刺梨、10~20份金花茶和10~20份玫瑰花。
进一步地,所述福莱多的质量份为50份。
进一步地,所述墨米的质量份为30份。
进一步地,所述刺梨的质量份为30份。
进一步地,所述金花茶的质量份为15份。
进一步地,所述玫瑰茶的质量份为15份。
本发明又一方面在于提供一种使用如上述花果发酵原液的制作方法,该制作方法得到的花果发酵原液具有较好的保健效果。
一种如上述花果发酵原液的制作方法,使所述原料在发酵菌的作用下发酵。
进一步地,所述发酵的温度为18~21℃。
进一步地,所述发酵的容器为陶瓷缸。
进一步地,所述发酵所处空气中的负氧离子浓度为5000~80000个/cm3。
本发明的花果发酵原液,其发酵的原料包含刺梨、金花茶和玫瑰花,这些组分所具有的药效能相互协同,能起到较好的滋补健体,由此提高了花果发酵原液的保健效果。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本发明,下面合实施例来进一步说明本发明的技术方案。
如本文所用,术语:
“质量份”指表示多个组分的质量比例关系的基本计量单位,1份可表示任意的单位质量,如可以表示为1g,也可表示2.689g等。假如我们说A组分的质量份为a份,B组分的质量份为b份,则表示A组分的质量和B组分的质量之比a:b。或者地,表示A组分的质量为aK,B组分的质量为bK(K为任意数,表示倍数因子)。不可误解的是,与质量分数不同的是,所有组分的质量份之和并不受限于100份之限制。
“一个”、“一种”和“所述”可交换使用并指一个或多个。
“和/或”用于表示所说明的情况的一者或两者均可能发生,例如,A和/或B包括(A和B)和(A或B);
另外,本文中由端点表述的范围包括该范围内所包含的所有数值(例如,1至10包括1.4、1.9、2.33、5.75、9.98等)。
另外,本文中“至少一个”的表述包括一个及以上的所有数目(例如,至少2个、至少4个、至少6个、至少8个、至少10个、至少25个、至少50个、至少100个等)。
本发明的花果发酵原液,系由原料发酵而成,所述原料按照质量份包含20~40份墨米醋、40~60份福莱多、20~40份刺梨、10~20份金花茶和10~20份玫瑰花。具体地,墨米醋的质量可以为20份、20.5份、21份、23份、25份、30份、35份、37份、38份、39份、39.5份或40份等;福莱多的质量份可以为40份、40.5份、41份、42份、45份、50份、55份、57份、58份、59份、59.5份或60份;刺梨的质量份可以为20份、20.5份、21份、23份、25份、30份、35份、37份、38份、39份、39.5份或40份等;金花茶的质量份可以为为10份、10.5份、11份、13份、15份、17份、18份、19.5份或20份等;玫瑰花的质量份可以为为10份、10.5份、11份、13份、15份、17份、18份、19.5份或20份等。
在一个较优选的方案中,原料按照质量份包含30份墨米醋、50份福莱多、30份刺梨、15份金花茶和15份玫瑰花。
上述墨米醋,可以理解的是,是以墨米为原料而酿造的一种醋。墨米又称为黑糯米。与传统的米醋相比,墨米醋除了具有传统米醋的保健成分外,还含有本身具有的功能成分。墨米营养成分丰富,每百克黑米含丰富的蛋白质、人体“必需氨基酸”,同时还富含铁、钙、锌、锰等微量元素,多种微量元素和维生素,特别是富含铁、硒、锌、维生素Bl、维生素B2等。墨米具有滋阴补肾,健脾暖肝、补益脾胃,益气活血,养肝明日等疗效。
上述刺梨系蔷薇科植物缫丝花的果实,又名茨梨、木梨子。刺梨富含维生素B、P、及C,味甜酸,含大量维生素。刺梨具有以下几个方面的功效:1、增强机体免疫功能。刺梨汁不仅显著影响动物的非特异性免疫功能,如促进正常脾细胞增殖,增强腹腔内巨噬细胞吞噬功能;对特异性免疫功能也有明显作用,如增加B淋巴细胞数目,增强B淋巴细胞分泌抗体的功能,增加外周血T淋巴细胞,增强脾自然杀伤细胞活性等。2、延缓衰老。即可明显降低动物心、肝、脑自由基含量及脂褐素水平,增加淋巴细胞、红细胞、白细胞及中性粒细胞数目,提高血清蛋白含量,提示刺梨具有延缓衰老的功效。日本学者经研究发现,刺梨汁对超氧自由基、羟自由基、二苯-2苦苯肼自由基及碳中心自由基均有明显的清除作用。3、抗动脉粥样硬化,即食用刺梨汁能降低血液中的胆固醇、三酰甘油和脂质过氧化物水平,提高SOD活性,调整高脂血症脂质代谢,降低血液黏滞度,减轻脂质过氧化损伤,减轻动脉病变程度,防止高血压及动脉硬化。刺梨汁能剂量依赖性地降低各种脂蛋白,其效果显著高于同剂量的维生素C和维生素E制剂。4、解毒作用,具体体现对铅、氟、锰、汞和镉具有较好的解毒作用。刺梨汁能显著增加铅中毒大鼠的铅排出量,而且能补充体内SOD、显著升高SOD活性和减少脂质过氧化物含量,明显增强铅中毒小鼠的免疫功能。刺梨汁排铅作用比排铅EDTA具有更全面作用,而且在排铅同时对体内必需的微量元素并无影响。刺梨汁能拮抗高氟引起的肝肾组织抗氧化能力降低,拮抗肝肾组织脂质过氧化增强,使肝肾脂质过氧化物含量回降;从而拮抗肝肾损害,使肝甘油三酯含量和γ-谷氨酰转移酶活性升高显著回降。锰中毒可增加机体锰负量和升高体内铜含量,降低体内锌含量,刺梨汁可显著增加粪锰排出量,降低血清和脑组织锰的含量,并可补充血清和脑组织锌的含量。刺梨汁可显著增加尿汞排泄和血清维生素C含理,并使慢性汞中毒引起的血清、肝、脑和肾还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量显著回升。刺梨汁不但有驱镉作用,且能拮抗自由基、脂质过氧化的损害和保护肾功能。5、抗肿瘤作用。N-亚硝基化合物是一种强致癌物质,而刺梨可阻断亚硝胺的体内合成。刺梨可使亚硝胺的体内合成量减少75%。刺梨汁对人白血病K562肿瘤细胞增殖有明显的抑制作用;从刺梨提取的活性成分对胃癌(MKN-45T SGC-7901)、人肝癌(SM-MMC7721)和子宫内膜腺癌(JEC)细胞的增殖亦有明显的抑制作用。6、健胃作用。即刺梨果实能健脾助消化,并且有阿托品样的解痛作用。刺梨根煎液具有防治胃病、保护胃粘膜的药用价值。7、抗应激性。即刺梨能明显增强小鼠的耐缺氧及抗疲劳能力。刺梨多糖还能提高小鼠耐高温、耐低温的能力。8、防治糖尿病。即刺梨黄酮能非常显著地降低小鼠的血清葡萄糖和甘油三酯,升高血清胰岛素,使胰脏SOD和过氧化氢酶活性显著上升,丙二醛(MDA)明显降低,从而具有保护胰脏、预防糖尿病的作用。此外,刺梨还可提高生育能力。此外,刺梨还具消除疲劳、改善睡眠、增添活力、消除色斑,美容皮肤等多种效果,具有强壮身体之功效。
上述刺梨可优选为贵州刺梨。贵州刺梨是指产自贵州西部的刺梨。贵州刺梨口味香甜,气味清香,能增强醋的风味。
上述金花茶含有400多种营养物质、无毒副作用,富含茶多糖、茶多酚、总皂甙、总黄酮、茶色素、咖啡因、蛋白质、维生素B1、B2、维生素C、维生素E、叶酸、脂肪酸、B-胡萝卜素等多种天然营养成份;金花茶含有茶氨酸、苏氨酸等几十种氨基酸,以及富含有多种对人体具有重要保健作用的天然有机锗(Ge)、硒(Se)、钼(Mo)、锌(Zn)、钒(V)等微量元素,和钾(K)、钙(Ca)、镁(Mg)等宏量元素。其所含主要功效成份及作用如下。金花茶含有丰富的茶多糖物质,多糖能有效控制餐后血糖上升幅度及改善葡萄糖耐量,并可改善脂类代谢紊乱,有明显的降血糖效果。金花茶含有丰富的茶多酚,茶多酚可以清除自由基,能降低DM血糖的升高,从而改善其糖耐量,稳定血糖。金花茶的皂甙含量6300mg/kg强心,舒张血管及抗疲劳,减慢心率及双相性血压作用促进DNA和蛋白质及脂质的生物合成,止渴生津,排脓消肿,利咽止痛,解热镇痛等。总黄酮:金花茶总黄酮含量4400mg/kg,扩张冠状血管,降低高血压,增强心脏收缩,减少心脏博动数,止渴化痰,抗菌消炎,抗毛细血管脆性和异常透过性,抗肿瘤,保肝利胆,泻下,解痉,有卵胞激素作用,解热和镇痛,降低胆固醇,利尿等。金花茶含有丰富的茶色素,降低血糖、尿糖、血脂、糖化血红蛋白,减少胰岛素抵抗,改善血液流变、缓解微循环障碍。降低胆固醇和甘油三酯、提高高密度脂蛋白的作用,对DM并发症——心脑血管疾病、动脉粥样硬化等有预防和治疗作用。金花茶含硒,硒是人体红细胞中谷胱甘肽酶的成份,他有抗氧化,保护细胞膜,保护心血管的作用。中国科学家还发现,硒是治疗克山病和大骨节病的有效药物,此外,硒还有解毒功能,降低黄曲B1的毒性,对某些化学致癌物质有减毒作用,还能减轻毒素对肝细胞的损害。金花茶含锗,这可降低癌细胞的生物电位,改变其生理状态,抑制癌细胞的增值生长,还可诱发人体内抗癌物质的干扰素,能将巨噬细胞诱发变为抗癌细胞,故有人用锗治疗癌症。此外,锗对血管硬化,脑血栓,脑出血,肾肝病,胃病,糖尿病,关节炎,慢性神经痛也有明显的疗效。金花茶锌含量283mg/kg,含锌量高。锌与人体内的活性酶有关,如羧肽酶促进肠道内蛋白质水解的重要酶,该酶含有锌。锌能增加食欲,促进生长发育,促进组织再生,增强性功能,增强免疫功能,增强抵抗力,还能保护视力。茶色素所含有的钒可促进造血机能,显著降低血浆胆固醇。缺V动物血清甘油三脂增多,胆固醇含量增加。金花茶的锰含量较高,是人体必需的微量元素,它参与多种酶促反应。能改善动脉粥样硬化病人脂质代谢。防止动脉粥样硬化。金花茶所含有的钾可维持细胞内的渗透压、维持心脏的正常收缩等作用。花茶含有丰富的维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素C、维生素A。金花茶的功效主要体现如下。金花茶具有明显的降血糖和尿糖作用,能有效的改善糖尿病“三高”症状。金花茶在有效降低血糖、血压的同时,可有效降低血脂,改善因高血压而引起的各种不适应症状,降低血清中胆固醇和B-脂蛋白,促进胰岛素分泌、增强免疫力、调节血流量,防止动脉粥样硬化,抗菌消炎、清热解毒、通便利尿去湿,增进肝脏代谢、防癌抑制肿瘤生长等。金花茶对降血糖、降血压、降血脂、降胆固醇,对糖尿病及其并发症有独特神奇的功效,起协同平衡调节作用。
上述玫瑰花含丰富的维生素A、C、B、E、K以及单宁酸。其具有以下几个方面的作用:1、美容养颜。玫瑰花茶具有行气活血、调和脏腑的功效,经常饮用不仅能够让黯淡的面色逐渐红润起来,对面部一些色斑也有明显的改善作用。2、缓解抑郁。玫瑰花的药性温和,能够理气活血、疏肝解郁,具有镇静、安抚、抗忧郁的功效。女性在月经前或月经期间常会有些情绪上的烦躁,喝点玫瑰花可以起到调节作用。在工作和生活压力越来越大的今天,即使不是月经期,也可以多喝点玫瑰花,安抚、稳定情绪。3、调经止痛。玫瑰花茶具有活血散淤、调经止痛的功效。
上述福莱多是Fructooligosaccharide的译音,是指以2~5个果糖基为链节,以一个葡萄糖基为链的端基,以果糖基→果糖连接键为主体骨架连结形成的碳水化合物。实际上是指1~4个果糖基以β-2,1键连接在蔗糖的D-果糖基上而形成的蔗果三糖(GF2)、蔗果四糖(GF3)、蔗果五糖(GF4)和蔗果六糖(GF5)的混合物。福莱多具有以下几个方面的作用:1、排除毒素,也就是人体内的有害菌等有害物质,如各种有害菌的腐败物质、吲哚、亚硝基氨、宿便等;2、与有益菌发酵生成L-乳酸,可以溶解钙、镁、铁等矿物质,促进人体对矿物质的吸收;3、促进B族维生素及叶酸的自然形成,从而提高人体新陈代谢水平,提高免疫力和抗病力;4、改善由于体内毒而引起的皮肤性疾病,可防止面疮、黑斑、雀斑,青春痘、老人斑,使皮肤亮丽、老化减缓;5、通过排除体内毒素,减轻肝脏负担,起到保护肝脏的作用,预防各种慢性病、癌症;6、通过排除体内毒素,消除由体内引起的顽固性口臭;7、能有效降低血清胆固醇、甘油三脂、游离脂肪酸的数量,对于因血脂高而引起的高血压、动脉硬化等一系列心血管疾病有较好的改善作用。
本发明花果发酵原液的发酵原料所包含刺梨、金花茶和玫瑰花为三味中药材,三者之间能相互协同,对人体起到综合的保健效果。
本发明的花果发酵原液的制作方法,使所述原料在发酵菌的作用下发酵。
上述制作方法中,可以理解的是,在发酵之前还包括对原料的处理。
对于金花茶、玫瑰花和刺梨而言,可采用旨在提高其药效更利于发挥的方式进行处理。
可列举出金花茶和玫瑰花的一种处理方式,可以先干燥,而后进行粉碎。干燥可采用自然晾晒,当然在晾晒条件不足的情况下可采用风干的方式。粉碎可以粉碎后的颗粒大小遇水即溶解,例如粉碎后的粒度为50~100目。粉碎的方式可采用破壁粉碎,这样可达到更小更充分的粉碎。这里,破壁粉碎指一种用气流粉碎中药的气流粉碎机,直接用强大的气流使药品之间相互撞击,让其细胞壁彻底破碎,让有效成分充分溶解出来。破壁粉碎可采用公知的破壁粉碎机。
当然,金花茶和玫瑰花还可采用其它的诸如提取法。提取法可采用水蒸汽提取或者溶剂提取等。鉴于其已为本领域技术人员所熟知,在此略述。
可列举出一种刺梨的处理方式。可先取新鲜的刺梨,将果皮的尖刺进行刮除,再使用诸如榨汁机等类似的食品料理机粉碎果肉,得到浆液。
当然,刺梨还可采用先干燥,再提取的方式。具体而言,可先将刺梨自然晾晒,再将晒干的刺梨干采用酒浸泡若干天数,例如20~30天,再弃除浸泡后的残渣。或者,也可采用其它的液体进行浸泡,如水蒸汽提起等。
至于发酵的或发酵菌种等来进行。例如,发酵的菌种可采用酵母菌或乳酸菌等。至于菌种的方式,可采用有这些菌种制成的酒曲或菌种的培养液。
发酵的温度可为18~21℃,例如18℃、18.5℃、19℃、20℃、20.5℃、21℃等。
发酵的容器以陶瓷缸。陶瓷缸可放置于山洞中进行。山洞中的负氧离子浓度为5000~80000个/cm3,例如可为5000个/cm3、5100个/cm3、5200个/cm3、6000个/cm3、8000个/cm3、10000个/cm3、20000个/cm3、40000个/cm3、50000个/cm3、60000个/cm3、70000个/cm3、75000个/cm3、79000个/cm3或80000个/cm3等。
当然,在发酵之后,还可包括杀菌。杀菌可采用公知的方式进行。将例如,杀菌可在85~95℃蒸汽灭菌15~30min。
在上述杀菌之后,还可包括过滤。例如可采用常规的吸附剂(例如硅藻土)进行过滤。
本发明未述及之处适用于现有技术。
下面给出本发明的具体实施例,但具体实施例仅是为了进一步详细叙述本说明,并不限制本发明申请的权利要求保护范围。
实施例1
步骤一、配比发酵的原料。20份巴马墨米醋、40份福莱多、20份刺梨、10份金花茶和20份玫瑰花。
步骤二、发酵原料的处理。充分晒干的金花茶和玫瑰花粉碎至遇水即溶解的花颗粒粉,以备用。先取新鲜的刺梨,将果皮的尖刺进行刮除,再使用诸如榨汁机等类似的食品料理机粉碎果肉,得到浆液以备用。
步骤三、将上述花颗粒粉、浆液和福莱多加入陶瓷缸中,加入公知的菌种,并加盖防止灰尘。将陶瓷缸放置于山洞中,山洞中空气的负氧离子浓度为5000个/cm3,在18℃下发酵50d,得到发酵产物。
步骤四、将上述发酵产物在85℃蒸汽灭菌30min。再过滤,得到花果发酵原液。
实施例2
步骤一、配比发酵的原料。40份巴马墨米醋、60份福莱多、40份刺梨、20份金花茶和10份玫瑰花。
步骤二、发酵原料的处理。充分晒干的金花茶和玫瑰花粉碎至遇水即溶解的花颗粒粉,以备用。先取新鲜的刺梨,将果皮的尖刺进行刮除,再使用诸如榨汁机等类似的食品料理机粉碎果肉,得到浆液以备用。
步骤三、将上述花颗粒粉、浆液和福莱多加入陶瓷缸中,加入公知的菌种,并加盖防止灰尘等。将陶瓷缸放置于山洞中,山洞中空气的负氧离子浓度为80000个/cm3,在21℃下发酵30d,得到发酵产物。
步骤四、将上述发酵产物在85℃蒸汽灭菌30min。再过滤,得到花果发酵原液。
实施例3
步骤一、配比发酵的原料。30份巴马墨米醋、60份福莱多、30份刺梨、20份金花茶和20份玫瑰花。
步骤二、发酵原料的处理。充分晒干的金花茶和玫瑰花粉碎至遇水即溶解的花颗粒粉,以备用。先取新鲜的刺梨,将果皮的尖刺进行刮除,再使用诸如榨汁机等类似的食品料理机粉碎果肉,得到浆液以备用。
步骤三、将上述花颗粒粉、浆液和福莱多加入陶瓷缸中,加入公知的菌种,并密封。将陶瓷缸放置于山洞中,山洞中空气的负氧离子浓度为40000个/cm3,在20℃下发酵30d,得到发酵产物。
步骤四、将上述发酵产物在90℃蒸汽灭菌22min。再过滤,得到花果发酵原液。
实施例4
步骤一、配比发酵的原料。30份巴马墨米醋、50份福莱多、30份刺梨、15份金花茶和15份玫瑰花。
步骤二、发酵原料的处理。充分晒干的金花茶和玫瑰花粉碎至遇水即溶解的花颗粒粉,以备用。先取新鲜的刺梨,将果皮的尖刺进行刮除,再使用诸如榨汁机等类似的食品料理机粉碎果肉,得到浆液以备用。
步骤三、将上述花颗粒粉、浆液和福莱多加入陶瓷缸中,加入公知的菌种,并密封。将陶瓷缸放置于山洞中,山洞中空气的负氧离子浓度为5000~80000个/cm3,在20℃下发酵40d,得到发酵产物。
步骤四、将上述发酵产物在90℃蒸汽灭菌20min。再过滤,得到花果发酵原液。
由于本发明中所涉及的各工艺参数的数值范围在上述实施例中不可能全部体现,但本领域的技术人员完全可以想象到只要落入上述该数值范围内的任何数值均可实施本发明,当然也包括若干项数值范围内具体值的任意组合。此处,出于篇幅的考虑,省略了给出某一项或多项数值范围内具体值的实施例,此不应当视为本发明的技术方案的公开不充分。
申请人声明,本发明通过上述实施例来说明本发明的详细工艺设备和工艺流程,但本发明并不局限于上述详细工艺设备和工艺流程,即不意味着本发明必须依赖上述详细工艺设备和工艺流程才能实施。所属技术领域的技术人员应该明了,对本发明的任何改进,对本发明产品各原料的等效替换及辅助成分的添加、具体方式选择等,落在本发明的保护范围内。
Claims (10)
1.一种花果发酵原液,其特征在于,系由原料发酵而成,所述原料按照质量份包含20~40份墨米醋、40~60份福莱多、20~40份刺梨、10~20份金花茶和10~20份玫瑰花。
2.根据权利要求1所述的花果发酵原液,其特征在于,所述福莱多的质量份为50份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的花果发酵原液,其特征在于,所述墨米的质量份为30份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的花果发酵原液,其特征在于,所述刺梨的质量份为30份。
5.根据权利要求1所述的花果发酵原液,其特征在于,所述金花茶的质量份为15份。
6.根据权利要求1所述的花果发酵原液,其特征在于,所述玫瑰茶的质量份为15份。
7.一种如权利要求1所述花果发酵原液的制作方法,其特征在于,使所述原料在发酵菌的作用下发酵。
8.根据权利要求7所述的制作方法,其特征在于,所述发酵的温度为18~21℃。
9.根据权利要求7所述的制作方法,其特征在于,所述发酵的容器为陶瓷缸。
10.根据权利要求7所述的制作方法,其特征在于,所述发酵所处空气中的负氧离子浓度为5000~80000个/cm3。
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