CN104000200A - 一种多功能刺梨果及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
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- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种多功能刺梨果及其制备方法,包括:在斜面菌种培养基上接种胶红酵母菌种,于28℃恒温培养48小时;加入矿物质液体培养基至能够将杜仲叶粉末全部湿润,搅拌均匀,灭菌,冷却后接入胶红酵母斜面菌种,在28℃摇床中,60rpm振荡培养5天;用二层纱布过滤,即得杜仲叶降解液;在斜面菌种培养基上接入功能红曲菌,放入28℃的恒温箱中培养7天后,在液体培养基中接入功能红曲斜面菌种,于28℃培养5天即得功能红曲液。在10L功能红曲液中,加入刺梨1-20kg,杜仲叶降解液1L,26℃左右发酵2天,将刺梨果捞出,真空包装,即得。本发明能消除疲劳,有效预防高血脂、高胆固醇、高血压、肠道疾病,增强人体的免疫力的具有益肝保肾作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于食品技术领域,具体涉及一种多功能刺梨果,同时还涉及该多功能刺梨果的制备方法。
背景技术
随着我国老龄化人口增多,有百分之八十八以上的老年人都患有不同程度的心脑血管疾病,尤其是三大富贵病:高血糖、高血脂和高血压,是中老年人身体健康的头号杀手。当今世界随着经济的发展和物质生活的不断改善,食品的营养健康和药品的疗效及安全,成为消费者日益关注的热点,因而世界各国高度重视,对有机食品、绿色食品、保健食品、膳食补充剂等,特别是一些以普通食品为载体添加具有防病、抗病因子的功能性食品的研发,能够让人们在日常的生活中,通过食用美食的同时,达到预防和控制疾病的目的,已成为世界经济新的增长点。
刺梨为蔷薇科植物缫丝花的果实,又名茨梨、木梨子,是滋补健身的营养珍果。刺梨为野生小灌木,四至六月开粉红色、红或深红色的花,夏花秋实。生于海拔500-2500m的向阳山坡、沟谷、路旁及灌丛中。分布于西南及陕西、甘肃。刺梨的药用价值很高,其花、叶果、籽可入药,有健胃、消食、滋补,止泻的功效。特别是刺梨富含超氧化物歧化酶(简称SOD),SOD是国际公认具有抗衰、防癌作用的活性物质,还具有抗病毒、抗辐射的作用,在心血管、消化系统和各种肿瘤疾病防治方面,应用十分广泛。 刺梨的果实同时也是加工保健食品的上等原料,成熟的刺梨肉质肥厚、味酸甜、果实富含糖、维生素、胡萝卜素、有机酸和20多种氨基酸、10余种对人体有益的微量元素,以及过氧化物歧化酶。尤其是维生素C含量极高,是当前水果中最高的,每100克鲜果中含量841.58~3541.13毫克,是柑橘的50倍,猕猴桃的10倍,具有“维生素C之王”的美称。刺梨果实有很高的营养价值和医疗价值。其味酸、涩、平;消食健脾,收敛止泄;用于治疗积食腹胀、痢疾、肠炎、维生素C缺乏症等,刺梨汁还具有阻断N-亚硝基化合物在人体内合成并具有防癌作用;对治疗人体铅中毒有特殊疗效。 刺梨提取物中有效成份维生素C,有抗衰老、延长女性青春期等作用,刺梨果实可加工果汁、果酱、果酒、果脯、糖果、糕点等。
杜仲叶,是中国名贵滋补药材。具补肝肾、强筋骨、降血压、安胎等诸多功效。近年来,国内外专家对杜仲叶成分进行了反复的研究,杜仲叶含有少量蛋白质,还含有锌、铜、铁等微量元素,及钙、磷、钾、镁等宏量元素。杜仲叶中的活性成分主要是绿原酸和生物总黄酮,在临床上有较好的药用价值。绿原酸的主要药理作用有:(1) 降压作用:经多年临床试验证实的,绿原酸有明显的降压作用,而且疗效平稳,无毒、无副作用。(2)抗肿瘤作用:(3)补肾、增强机体免疫作用。生物总黄酮的作用:(1) 抗炎症 (2) 抗过敏(3) 防治肝病(4) 防治心与脑血管疾病等。在提取杜仲叶中的活性成分时,最主要的是破坏杜仲叶的植物组织结构及其表面的角质层,但其角质层的去除是一个技术难点。虽然杜仲叶中有效成分的提取方法较多,但各有优缺点:例如常用的水煎煮法既耗能又耗时、还易破坏杜仲叶中的有效活性成分;目前多采用产纤维素酶的菌种来降解杜仲叶的角质层,如黑曲霉,在生产的过程中虽然也能降解杜仲叶中的角质层,但在发酵时易产生对人体肝肾有害的其他霉系,如青霉,黄曲霉等。
功能性红曲菌是红曲霉菌中的一种,其有以下作用:(1)功能性红曲中含有的莫纳可林K(Monacolin K)类物质,经科学实验证明能有效降低胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白,综合调节血脂,并不像化学合成的降脂药那样对肝脏有损害作用。(2)功能性红曲能提高血管内皮细胞的舒张能力。(3)功能性红曲中含有的Monacolin K类化合物能有效治疗脂肪肝和高胆固醇症。具有保肝、护肝的作用。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述缺点而提供的一种能消除疲劳,有效预防高血脂、高胆固醇、高血压、肠道疾病,增强人体的免疫力的具有益肝保肾作用的多功能刺梨果。
本发明的另一目的在于提供该多功能刺梨果的制备方法。
本发明的目的及解决其主要技术问题是采用以下技术方案来实现的:
本发明的一种多功能刺梨果,由下述原料制得:
杜仲叶降解液1L、刺梨果1-20kg、功能红曲液10L。
本发明的一种多功能刺梨果的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)杜仲叶降解液的制备:
a、胶红酵母斜面菌种的制备:在斜面菌种培养基上接种胶红酵母菌种(Rhodotorula mucilaginosa (Jorgensen) Harrison),于28℃恒温培养48小时,保存即得胶红酵母斜面菌种;
b、杜仲叶降解液的制备:用粉碎机将杜仲叶打成20-50目粉末,加入矿物质液体培养基至能够将杜仲叶粉末全部湿润,搅拌均匀,灭菌,冷却后接入胶红酵母斜面菌种,在28℃摇床中,60rpm振荡培养5天;用二层纱布过滤,即得杜仲叶降解液;
(2)功能红曲液的制备:
a、功能红曲斜面菌种的制备:在斜面菌种培养基上接入功能红曲菌(Monascus purpureus Went),放入28℃的恒温箱中培养7天后即得;
b、在液体培养基中接入功能红曲斜面菌种,于28℃培养5天即得;
(3)多功能刺梨果的发酵:在10L功能红曲液中,加入经清洗、去籽、切半的刺梨1-20kg, 杜仲叶降解液1L,26℃左右发酵2天,将刺梨果捞出,真空包装,即得本产品。
上述的的一种多功能刺梨果的制备方法,其中斜面菌种培养基的制备方法为:称取200g马铃薯、洗净去皮,切碎,加水1000毫升,煮沸30分钟,用纱布过滤,补足水分,再加15g葡萄糖和15-20g的琼脂,充分溶解后,趁热纱布过滤,分装试管,于121℃压力锅内灭菌20分钟,取出试管摆成斜面,即得。
上述的一种多功能刺梨果的制备方法,其中矿物质液体培养基的配制:葡萄糖10g/L、NaNO30.6g/L、K2HPO4 0.6g/L、MgSO40.2g/L、KCl 0.2g/L、FeSO4.7H2O 0.1g/L,加1000毫升水混匀即得。
上述的的一种多功能刺梨果的制备方法,其中液体培养基: 葡萄糖50g,蛋白胨5g,酵母膏1g,KHSO41g,FeSO4.7H2O 0.01g,MgSO4.7H2O 0.01g,水1000毫升,调节PH为6.0;装入发酵罐中,于121℃灭菌20分钟,冷却后,接入功能红曲斜面菌种,于28℃培养5天即得。
本发明与现有技术相比具有明显的优点和有益效果。由以上技术方案可知:本发明经过胶红酵母发酵,将角质酶用于提取杜仲叶中的活性成分,破坏了杜仲叶中的植物组织及其表面的角质层,又可充分释放杜仲叶的有效成分,生产中又不产生其他的有害菌,有利于大规模安全生产。使杜仲叶中的绿原酸,生物总黄酮,氨基酸及多种矿物元素等成分得到充分释放;加上功能性红曲菌种的参与发酵,释放出人体胆固醇合成抑制剂--莫纳可林K等物质。以刺梨为主要载体,辅以杜仲叶,通过接入功能性红曲霉菌种和胶红酵母菌种的发酵培养,制得多功能保健刺梨果,使得产品富含Vc,SOD,莫纳可林K、粗纤维及绿原酸等对人体有益成分,能消除疲劳,有效预防高血脂、高血压、肠道疾病,增强人体的免疫力,还具有益肝保肾的作用,且产品安全可靠。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种多功能刺梨果的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)杜仲叶降解液的制备:
a、胶红酵母斜面菌种的制备:称取200g马铃薯、洗净去皮,切碎,加水1000毫升,煮沸30分钟,用纱布过滤,补足水分,再加15g葡萄糖和15-20g的琼脂,充分溶解后,趁热纱布过滤,分装试管,于121℃压力锅内灭菌20分钟,取出试管摆成斜面,得斜面菌种培养基;冷却后接种胶红酵母菌种{Rhodotorula mucilaginosa (Jorgensen) Harrison,购于贵州大学贵州省发酵工程与生物制药重点实验室),于28℃恒温培养48小时,保存即得胶红酵母斜面菌种;
b、矿物质液体培养基的配制:葡萄糖10g/L、NaNO30.6g/L、K2HPO4 0.6g/L、MgSO40.2g/L、KCl 0.2g/L、FeSO4.7H2O 0.1g/L,加1000毫升水混匀即得;
c、杜仲叶降解液的制备:用粉碎机将杜仲叶打成50目粉末,加入矿物质液体培养基至能够将杜仲叶粉末全部湿润,搅拌均匀,灭菌,冷却后接入胶红酵母斜面菌种,在28℃摇床中,60rpm振荡培养5天;用二层纱布过滤,即得杜仲叶降解液(此时,杜仲叶中有效成分已达到最大释放);
(2)功能红曲液的制备:
a、功能红曲斜面菌种的制备:称取200g马铃薯、洗净去皮,切碎,加水1000毫升,煮沸30分钟,用纱布过滤,补足水分,再加15g葡萄糖和20g的琼脂,充分溶解后,趁热纱布过滤,分装试管,于121℃压力锅内灭菌20分钟,取出试管摆成斜面,得斜面菌种培养基;冷却后,接入功能红曲菌(拉丁文名: Monascus purpureus Went,英文:Amaranthine aspergillus,从武汉华士特工业生物技术开发有限公司购置),放入28℃的恒温箱中培养7天后即得;
b、液体培养基:葡萄糖50g,蛋白胨5g,酵母膏1g,KHSO41g,FeSO4.7H2O 0.01g,MgSO4.7H2O 0.01g,水1000毫升, PH6.0(用NaOH,HCl调PH);装入发酵罐中,于121℃灭菌20分钟,冷却后,接入功能红曲斜面菌种,于28℃培养5天即得;
(3)多功能刺梨果的发酵:在10L功能红曲液中,加入经清洗、去籽、切半的刺梨1kg, 杜仲叶降解液1L,26℃左右发酵2天。将刺梨果捞出,真空包装,即得本产品。
经检测:每100g中含:Vc≥ 300mg/100g;SOD≥100活性单位/g;莫纳可林K≥0.2mg/100g;绿原酸≥3.0 mg/kg;生物总黄酮≥1.0mg。
实施例2
一种多功能刺梨果的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)杜仲叶降解液的制备:
a、胶红酵母斜面菌种的制备:称取200g马铃薯、洗净去皮,切碎,加水1000毫升,煮沸30分钟,用纱布过滤,补足水分,再加15g葡萄糖和15g的琼脂,充分溶解后,趁热纱布过滤,分装试管,于121℃压力锅内灭菌20分钟,取出试管摆成斜面,得斜面菌种培养基;冷却后接种胶红酵母菌种{Rhodotorula mucilaginosa (Jorgensen) Harrison,购于贵州大学贵州省发酵工程与生物制药重点实验室),于28℃恒温培养48小时,保存即得胶红酵母斜面菌种;
b、矿物质液体培养基的配制:葡萄糖10g/L、NaNO30.6g/L、K2HPO4 0.6g/L、MgSO40.2g/L、KCl 0.2g/L、FeSO4.7H2O 0.1g/L,加1000毫升水混匀即得;
c、杜仲叶降解液的制备:用粉碎机将杜仲叶打成20目粉末,加入矿物质液体培养基至能够将杜仲叶粉末全部湿润,搅拌均匀,灭菌,冷却后接入胶红酵母斜面菌种,在28℃摇床中,60rpm振荡培养5天;用二层纱布过滤,即得杜仲叶降解液(此时,杜仲叶中有效成分已达到最大释放);
(2)功能红曲液的制备:
a、功能红曲斜面菌种的制备:称取200g马铃薯、洗净去皮,切碎,加水1000毫升,煮沸30分钟,用纱布过滤,补足水分,再加15g葡萄糖和15-20g的琼脂,充分溶解后,趁热纱布过滤,分装试管,于121℃压力锅内灭菌20分钟,取出试管摆成斜面,得斜面菌种培养基;冷却后,接入功能红曲菌(拉丁文名: Monascus purpureus Went,英文:Amaranthine aspergillus,从武汉华士特工业生物技术开发有限公司购置),放入28℃的恒温箱中培养7天后即得;
b、液体培养基:葡萄糖50g,蛋白胨5g,酵母膏1g,KHSO41g,FeSO4.7H2O 0.01g,MgSO4.7H2O 0.01g,水1000毫升, PH6.0(用NaOH,HCl调PH);装入发酵罐中,于121℃灭菌20分钟,冷却后,接入功能红曲斜面菌种,于28℃培养5天即得;
(3)多功能刺梨果的发酵:在10L功能红曲液中,加入刺梨20kg, 杜仲叶降解液1L,26℃左右发酵2天。将刺梨果捞出,真空包装,即得本产品。
经检测:每100g中含:Vc≥ 300mg/100g;SOD≥100活性单位/g;莫纳可林K≥0.2mg/100g;绿原酸≥3.0 mg/kg;生物总黄酮≥1.0mg。
实施例3
一种多功能刺梨果的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)杜仲叶降解液的制备:
a、胶红酵母斜面菌种的制备:称取200g马铃薯、洗净去皮,切碎,加水1000毫升,煮沸30分钟,用纱布过滤,补足水分,再加15g葡萄糖和18g的琼脂,充分溶解后,趁热纱布过滤,分装试管,于121℃压力锅内灭菌20分钟,取出试管摆成斜面,得斜面菌种培养基;冷却后接种胶红酵母菌种{Rhodotorula mucilaginosa (Jorgensen) Harrison,购于贵州大学贵州省发酵工程与生物制药重点实验室),于28℃恒温培养48小时,保存即得胶红酵母斜面菌种;
b、矿物质液体培养基的配制:葡萄糖10g/L、NaNO30.6g/L、K2HPO4 0.6g/L、MgSO40.2g/L、KCl 0.2g/L、FeSO4.7H2O 0.1g/L,加1000毫升水混匀即得;
c、杜仲叶降解液的制备:用粉碎机将杜仲叶打成30目粉末,加入矿物质液体培养基至能够将杜仲叶粉末全部湿润,搅拌均匀,灭菌,冷却后接入胶红酵母斜面菌种,在28℃摇床中,60rpm振荡培养5天;用二层纱布过滤,即得杜仲叶降解液(此时,杜仲叶中有效成分已达到最大释放);
(2)功能红曲液的制备:
a、功能红曲斜面菌种的制备:称取200g马铃薯、洗净去皮,切碎,加水1000毫升,煮沸30分钟,用纱布过滤,补足水分,再加15g葡萄糖和15-20g的琼脂,充分溶解后,趁热纱布过滤,分装试管,于121℃压力锅内灭菌20分钟,取出试管摆成斜面,得斜面菌种培养基;冷却后,接入功能红曲菌(拉丁文名: Monascus purpureus Went,英文:Amaranthine aspergillus,从武汉华士特工业生物技术开发有限公司购置),放入28℃的恒温箱中培养7天后即得;
b、液体培养基:葡萄糖50g,蛋白胨5g,酵母膏1g,KHSO41g,FeSO4.7H2O 0.01g,MgSO4.7H2O 0.01g,水1000毫升, PH6.0(用NaOH,HCl调PH);装入发酵罐中,于121℃灭菌20分钟,冷却后,接入功能红曲斜面菌种,于28℃培养5天即得;
(3)多功能刺梨果的发酵:在10L功能红曲液中,加入经清洗、去籽、切半的刺梨10kg, 杜仲叶降解液1L,26℃左右发酵2天。将刺梨果捞出,真空包装,即得本产品。
经检测:每100g中含:Vc≥ 300mg/100g;SOD≥100活性单位/g;莫纳可林K≥0.2mg/100g;绿原酸≥3.0 mg/kg;生物总黄酮≥1.0mg。
以上所述,仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已,并非对本发明作任何形式上的限制,任何未脱离本发明技术方案内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰,均仍属于本发明技术方案的范围内。
Claims (5)
1.一种多功能刺梨果,由下述原料制得:
杜仲叶降解液1L、刺梨果1-20kg、功能红曲液10L。
2.一种多功能刺梨果的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)杜仲叶降解液的制备:
a、胶红酵母斜面菌种的制备:在斜面菌种培养基上接种胶红酵母菌种(Rhodotorula mucilaginosa (Jorgensen) Harrison),于28℃恒温培养48小时,保存即得胶红酵母斜面菌种;
b、杜仲叶降解液的制备:用粉碎机将杜仲叶打成20-50目粉末,加入矿物质液体培养基至能够将杜仲叶粉末全部湿润,搅拌均匀,灭菌,冷却后接入胶红酵母斜面菌种,在28℃摇床中,60rpm振荡培养5天;用二层纱布过滤,即得杜仲叶降解液;
(2)功能红曲液的制备:
a、功能红曲斜面菌种的制备:在斜面菌种培养基上接入功能红曲菌(Monascus purpureus Went),放入28℃的恒温箱中培养7天后即得;
b、在液体培养基中接入功能红曲斜面菌种,于28℃培养5天即得;
(3)多功能刺梨果的发酵:在10L功能红曲液中,加入刺梨1-20kg, 杜仲叶降解液1L,26℃左右发酵2天,将刺梨果捞出,真空包装,即得本产品。
3.如权利要求2所述的的一种多功能刺梨果的制备方法,其中斜面菌种培养基的制备方法为:称取200g马铃薯、洗净去皮,切碎,加水1000毫升,煮沸30分钟,用纱布过滤,补足水分,再加15g葡萄糖和15-20g的琼脂,充分溶解后,趁热纱布过滤,分装试管,于121℃压力锅内灭菌20分钟,取出试管摆成斜面,即得。
4.如权利要求2或3所述的的一种多功能刺梨果的制备方法,其中矿物质液体培养基的配制:葡萄糖10g/L、NaNO30.6g/L、K2HPO4 0.6g/L、MgSO40.2g/L、KCl 0.2g/L、FeSO4.7H2O 0.1g/L,加1000毫升水混匀即得。
5.如权利要求4所述的的一种多功能刺梨果的制备方法,其中液体培养基: 葡萄糖50g,蛋白胨5g,酵母膏1g,KHSO41g,FeSO4.7H2O 0.01g,MgSO4.7H2O 0.01g,水1000毫升,调节PH为6.0;装入发酵罐中,于121℃灭菌20分钟,冷却后,接入功能红曲斜面菌种,于28℃培养5天即得。
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