CN106472231B - Method for introducing and domesticating paphiopedilum armeniacum in south China - Google Patents
Method for introducing and domesticating paphiopedilum armeniacum in south China Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for introducing and domesticating paphiopedilum armeniacum in south China. According to the method, the unique culture medium and a proper culture management mode are adopted to protect the paphiopedilum armeniacum ex situ, the protection of the paphiopedilum armeniacum ex situ is successfully realized, the survival rate is more than 80% and the flowering rate is more than 50% after the paphiopedilum armeniacum ex situ is introduced and cultured for 2 years, and an effective method is provided for protecting the paphiopedilum armeniacum ex situ.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the field of plant protection biology and cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for introducing and domesticating paphiopedilum armeniacum in south China.
Background art:
paphiopedilum armeniacum (S.C.Chen & F.Y.Liu), also known as "jindou", is a special species in China and is only distributed in the gaps of the rock walls of trees or shrubs growing in mountainous areas where limestone or shrubs grow or in areas where rocky rocks are present in the west of Yunnan province of China, or in areas where drainage is good, and the altitude is 1400 and 2250 meters. Due to extremely high ornamental value, rampant illegal mining and environmental deterioration and damage to the habitat of the wild plants, the number of the wild plants is reduced sharply, the wild plants are listed in appendix I by International trade convention for endangered wild animal and plant species (CITES) and are prohibited from trading, the wild plants are listed as endangered species (EN) to be urgently protected in red name records of the world natural protection alliance (IUCN), and the wild plants listed as extremely small populations in China by the forestry bureau need to be emphatically protected. The ex-situ protection is one of the main methods for protecting the biological diversity of paphiopedilum armeniacum, but when paphiopedilum armeniacum is planted in south China, the growth potential is poor, the survival rate is low, leaves become small, and the paphiopedilum armeniacum is difficult to bloom.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a method for introducing and domesticating paphiopedilum armeniacum in south China, which can realize the biological diversity protection of paphiopedilum armeniacum.
The invention discloses a method for introducing and domesticating paphiopedilum armeniacum in south China, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
A. transportation and packaging of materials: collecting paphiopedilum armeniacum plants, collecting and digging several paphiopedilum armeniacum plants by covering roots with moist moss to prevent water loss without cutting stems of the plants connected together when digging the paphiopedilum armeniacum plants, putting the collected paphiopedilum armeniacum plants into a ventilated hard paper box to prevent extrusion, and transporting the paphiopedilum armeniacum plants to an ex-situ conservation greenhouse in south China for cultivation;
B. and (3) cultivation environment: maintaining proper illumination of paphiopedilum armeniacum in an ex-situ conservation greenhouse, controlling the temperature to be 15-35 ℃, and maintaining good ventilation condition in the cultivation process;
C. cultivation management mode: cleaning introduced paphiopedilum armeniacum before planting, washing soil and worm eggs on roots and leaves, cutting rotten roots and leaves, soaking in 800 times of carbendazim diluted solution for 20-40 minutes, taking out, washing with water, drying in the air, planting in a cultivation pot containing a cultivation medium, covering a layer of Chilean imported aquatic weeds on the cultivation medium after planting, soaking the aquatic weeds for 24-72 hours, and wringing out the aquatic weeds by hand for reuse;
spraying 600-800 times carbendazim diluted solution immediately after the introduced and cultivated paphiopedilum armeniacum is planted in a cultivation pot, pouring the cultivation medium through the 600-800 times carbendazim diluted solution, watering once in 2-4 days in a growing season, watering when the cultivation medium is basically dry, spraying water to the ground and the air to improve the air humidity in the cultivation process in dry seasons in summer and autumn, and keeping the relative air humidity of the nursery room at 60-85%; excessive air humidity is prevented to prevent the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests in high temperature seasons in summer and in winter. When the plants are dried in summer and autumn, water is sprayed on the ground and the air around the plants to increase the air humidity. In winter, the watering is reduced when the temperature is below 15 ℃, and the substrate is kept wet.
The aquatic weed in the invention refers to Chile imported moss for cultivating orchids such as butterfly orchid, and is generally called aquatic weed in the cultivation field.
Recovering 1 month of paphiopedilum armeniacum plantAfter re-growth, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrition ratio is 20 after spraying once every half month: 20: more flowers than 20RThe 800-fold diluted solution of the compound fertilizer is applied and sprayed with the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrition ratio of 10 once per week in 11-12 months before flowering: 30: more flowers than 20RThe solution is diluted by 800 times and 1000 times of the compound fertilizer once and is sprayed to the leaves until water drops. Stopping applying the foliar fertilizer when the temperature is lower than 15 ℃ for 1-2 months, culturing in a pot for 3 months, and the root system recovers growth and the fertilizer effect is half a year of Oridou green second generation 601[10 (nitrogen) -11 (phosphorus) -18 (potassium) +2MgO (magnesium oxide) + TE (iron)]5-10 granules of long-acting slow-release Aolan fertilizer per plant, once per half year;
in the cultivation process, 35% soil-dwelling bacteria wettable powder 1500-fold and 2000-fold diluent, 45% prochloraz 1000-fold and 1200-fold diluent, or 75% carbendazim 600-fold and 800-fold diluent are sprayed once every 2 weeks for alternate use; spraying 40% omethoate emulsion 600-800 times diluent or 40% killing 800-1000 times diluent for one time in another week alternately; can prevent the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests;
the culture medium is peat soil (imported from Israel), ceramsite with the diameter of 0.5-0.6 cm and pine bark with the volume ratio of 3-4: 2-3: 1, and mixing uniformly.
The pine bark is boiled in boiling water for 30-60 min, soaked in tap water for 24-48 hr, and then washed with tap water for 3-5 times for reuse, and the ceramsite is washed with tap water for reuse.
Paphiopedilum armeniacum is usually provided with a plurality of or a plurality of stems in the underground, and the stem nodes can grow and bud to form new plants. When in ex-situ protection, several plants which are connected together by overground walking stems are adopted to plant together, and the survival rate is high. Therefore, when digging plants in the process of protecting the land, the stem of the connected plants is not cut off. Several plants are harvested together, and these plants often have flowering plants, plants that will bloom, and young plants that have just grown. But the number of plants collected in a community is generally not more than 3, and the collected areas, the communities and the habitat of the plants are respectively marked and recorded.
For the cultivation environment, a fan water curtain greenhouse is adopted in the in-place conservation greenhouse and is provided with an inner sunshade net and an outer sunshade net, wherein the outer sunshade net is a black sunshade net with 75% of sunshade rate, and the inner sunshade net is a silver gray sunshade net with 60% of sunshade rate. In winter, when the sunlight is weak or in cloudy days in other seasons, two layers of sunshade nets are opened; in summer and autumn, when sunlight is strong, two layers of sunshade nets are utilized for shading, and an outer sunshade net is generally adopted for shading. The temperature is kept above 15 ℃ by using a fuel oil heater in winter, and is kept below 35 ℃ by using a water curtain for cooling and enhancing ventilation in summer. In the cultivation process, a circulating fan is used for keeping the good ventilation condition of the greenhouse.
The cultivation pot is cultivated by a plastic sieve of 25 cm multiplied by 25 cm, a layer of black net is padded at the bottom of the plastic sieve, cultivation medium is filled inside the plastic sieve, and 20-30 plants are planted in the pot.
According to the method, the unique culture medium and a proper culture management mode are adopted to protect the paphiopedilum armeniacum ex situ, the protection of the paphiopedilum armeniacum ex situ is successfully realized, the survival rate is more than 80% and the flowering rate is more than 50% after the paphiopedilum armeniacum ex situ is introduced and cultured for 2 years, and an effective method is provided for protecting the paphiopedilum armeniacum ex situ.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the following examples are further illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to be limiting thereof.
Example 1:
(1) collecting materials:
paphiopedilum armeniacum is usually provided with a plurality of or a plurality of stems in the underground, and the stem nodes can grow and bud to form new plants. When in ex-situ protection, several plants which are connected together by overground walking stems are adopted to plant together, and the survival rate is high. Therefore, when digging plants in the process of protecting the land, the stem of the connected plants is not cut off. Several plants were collected together. According to the principle, 1 plant is collected from 5 communities with a large number of Baoshan in Guangxi, and about 3-5 plants in each community are connected together to form 20 plants. Among these plants are flowering plants, plants that will flower, and young plants that have just grown. And respectively marking and recording the collected places, communities and habitat conditions thereof.
(2) Transportation and packaging of materials:
the collected paphiopedilum armeniacum in the step (1) needs to be wrapped by wet moss to prevent the roots from being dehydrated and then put into a ventilated hard paper box to prevent extrusion. Three days later, the seeds are transported to an ex-situ conservation greenhouse of Guangzhou in south China for cultivation.
(3) And (3) cultivation environment:
the in-place conservation greenhouse adopts a fan water curtain greenhouse and is provided with an inner sunshade net and an outer sunshade net, wherein the outer sunshade net is a 75% black sunshade net, and the inner sunshade net is a 60% silver gray sunshade net. In winter, when the sunlight is weak or in cloudy days in other seasons, two layers of sunshade nets are opened; in summer and autumn, when sunlight is strong, two layers of sunshade nets are utilized for shading, and an outer sunshade net is generally adopted for shading. The temperature is kept above 15 ℃ by using a fuel oil heater in winter, and is kept below 35 ℃ by using a water curtain for cooling and enhancing ventilation in summer. In the cultivation process, a circulating fan is used for keeping the good ventilation condition of the greenhouse.
(4) Cultivation management mode:
cleaning introduced paphiopedilum armeniacum before planting, washing off soil and worm eggs on roots and leaves, cutting out rotten roots and leaves, soaking in 600 times of carbendazim diluted solution for 20 minutes, taking out, washing with water, drying, and planting in a cultivation pot containing a cultivation medium.
A plastic sieve with the size of 25 cm and the size of 25 cm is adopted as a cultivation pot for cultivation, a layer of black net is padded at the bottom of the plastic sieve, and a cultivation medium is filled in the cultivation pot. 20 plants are cultivated in a pot. The culture medium is fine peat soil (imported from Israel), ceramsite with the diameter of 0.5 cm and pine bark with the volume ratio of 4: 3: 1, preparation. The pine bark is boiled in boiling water for 30 minutes, soaked in tap water for 48 hours, washed with tap water for 3 times and reused, and the ceramsite is washed with tap water and reused. Covering a layer of imported aquatic weeds on the culture medium after planting, and wringing out the imported aquatic weeds by hands after soaking the imported aquatic weeds for 24 hours for use.
Spraying 600 times of carbendazim diluted solution to introduced and cultivated paphiopedilum armeniacum just after potting, and pouring the cultivation medium through 800 times of carbendazim diluted solution without watering within 20 days. After 20 days, normal management is carried out, and watering is carried out once every 2 days in the growing season. During the cultivation process, the relative humidity of air in the nursery room is kept between 60 and 85 percent, but the air humidity is prevented from being too high in summer high-temperature seasons and winter to prevent the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests. When the plants are dried in summer and autumn, water is sprayed on the ground and the air around the plants to increase the air humidity. In winter, the watering is reduced when the temperature is below 15 ℃, and the substrate is kept wet.
After the paphiopedilum armeniacum plant is cultivated for 1 month and recovers growth, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrition ratio is 20: 20: more flowers than 20RThe 800-time diluted solution of the compound fertilizer is applied and sprayed with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium according to the nutrient ratio of 10 once per week in 11-12 months before flowering: 30: more flowers than 20RThe 800 times diluted solution of the compound fertilizer is sprayed once until the water drops on the leaf surfaces. And when the temperature is lower than 15 ℃ for 1-2 months, the application of the foliar fertilizer is stopped. Ordovician second generation 601[10 (nitrogen) -11 (phosphorus) -18 (potassium) +2MgO (magnesium oxide) + TE (iron) & with half a year of fertilizer efficiency by spreading on the surface of the pot after 3 months of pot cultivation for root system recovery growth]The long-acting slow-release Aolan fertilizer is used once every half year, and each plant has about 5 granules.
In the cultivation process, 35% soil-retaining bacterium wettable powder 1500-time diluent, 45% prochloraz 1200-time diluent or 75% carbendazim 700-time diluent is sprayed once every 2 weeks for alternate use; spraying 600 times of 40% omethoate emulsion diluent or 1000 times of 40% killing diluent once every other week, and alternately using. Can prevent the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests.
After 2 years of introduction and cultivation, the survival rate is 85 percent, and the flowering rate is more than 55 percent.
Example 2:
(1) collecting materials:
paphiopedilum armeniacum is usually provided with a plurality of or a plurality of stems in the underground, and the stem nodes can grow and bud to form new plants. When in ex-situ protection, several plants which are connected together by overground walking stems are adopted to plant together, and the survival rate is high. Therefore, when digging plants in the process of protecting the land, the stem of the connected plants is not cut off. Several plants were collected together. According to the principle, 1 bunch of paphiopedilum armeniacum plants are collected from 6 communities with a large number of anger river in Guangxi, and about 3-5 plants in each bunch are connected together to form 25 plants. Among these plants are flowering plants, plants that will flower, and young plants that have just grown. And respectively marking and recording the collected places, communities and habitat conditions thereof.
(2) Transportation and packaging of materials:
the collected paphiopedilum armeniacum in the step (1) needs to be wrapped by wet moss to prevent the roots from being dehydrated and then put into a ventilated hard paper box to prevent extrusion. After 4 days, the seedlings were transported to an ex-situ conservation greenhouse in Guangzhou in south China for cultivation.
(3) And (3) cultivation environment:
the in-place conservation greenhouse adopts a fan water curtain greenhouse and is provided with an inner sunshade net and an outer sunshade net, wherein the outer sunshade net is a 75% black sunshade net, and the inner sunshade net is a 60% silver gray sunshade net. In winter, when the sunlight is weak or in cloudy days in other seasons, two layers of sunshade nets are opened; in summer and autumn, when sunlight is strong, two layers of sunshade nets are utilized for shading, and an outer sunshade net is generally adopted for shading. The temperature is kept above 15 ℃ by using a fuel oil heater in winter, and is kept below 35 ℃ by using a water curtain for cooling and enhancing ventilation in summer. In the cultivation process, a circulating fan is used for keeping the good ventilation condition of the greenhouse.
(4) Cultivation management mode:
cleaning introduced paphiopedilum armeniacum before planting, washing off soil and worm eggs on roots and leaves, cutting out rotten roots and leaves, soaking in 800 times of carbendazim diluted solution for 40 min, taking out, washing with water, air drying, and planting in a cultivation pot containing a cultivation medium.
A plastic sieve with the size of 25 cm and the size of 25 cm is adopted as a cultivation pot for cultivation, a layer of black net is padded at the bottom of the plastic sieve, and a cultivation medium is filled inside the plastic sieve. And 25 potted plants. The culture medium is fine peat soil (imported from Israel), ceramsite with the diameter of 0.6 cm and pine bark with the volume ratio of 3: 2: 1, preparing and uniformly mixing. The pine bark is boiled in boiling water for 60 minutes, soaked in tap water for 24 hours, washed with tap water for 4 times and reused, and the ceramsite is washed with tap water and reused. Covering a layer of imported Chilean aquatic weeds on the planted substrate, soaking the aquatic weeds for 72 hours, and then wringing the aquatic weeds by hands for reuse.
Spraying 800 times of carbendazim diluted solution on introduced and cultivated paphiopedilum armeniacum just after potting, and pouring 600 times of carbendazim diluted solution through the cultivation medium without watering within 20 days. After 20 days, normal management is carried out, and watering is carried out once every 3 days in the growing season. During the cultivation process, the relative humidity of air in the nursery room is kept between 60 and 85 percent, but the air humidity is prevented from being too high in summer high-temperature seasons and winter to prevent the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests. When the plants are dried in summer and autumn, water is sprayed on the ground and the air around the plants to increase the air humidity. In winter, watering is reduced when the temperature is below 15 ℃, and the culture medium is only kept moist.
After the paphiopedilum armeniacum plant is cultivated for 1 month and recovers growth, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrition ratio is 20: 20: more flowers than 20RThe 1000-time diluted solution of the compound fertilizer is applied and sprayed with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium according to the nutrient ratio of 10: 30: more flowers than 20RThe 800 times diluted solution of the compound fertilizer is sprayed once until the water drops on the leaf surfaces. And when the temperature is lower than 15 ℃ for 1-2 months, the application of the foliar fertilizer is stopped. Ordovician second generation 601[10 (nitrogen) -11 (phosphorus) -18 (potassium) +2MgO (magnesium oxide) + TE (iron) & with half a year of fertilizer efficiency by spreading on the surface of the pot after 3 months of pot cultivation for root system recovery growth]The long-acting slow-release Aolan fertilizer is used once every half year, and each plant has about 10 granules.
In the cultivation process, 35% of soil-dwelling bacteria wettable powder 2000-time diluent, 45% of prochloraz 1000-time diluent or 75% of carbendazim 800-time diluent is sprayed once every 2 weeks for alternate use; spraying 800 times of 40% omethoate emulsion diluent or 800 times of 40% killing diluent once every other week, and alternately using. Can prevent the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests.
After 2 years of introduction and cultivation, the survival rate is 80 percent, and the flowering rate is 50 percent.
Example 3:
(1) collecting materials:
paphiopedilum armeniacum is usually provided with a plurality of or a plurality of stems in the underground, and the stem nodes can grow and bud to form new plants. When in ex-situ protection, several plants which are connected together by overground walking stems are adopted to plant together, and the survival rate is high. Therefore, when digging plants in the process of protecting the land, the stem of the connected plants is not cut off. Several plants were collected together. According to the principle, 1 bunch of paphiopedilum armeniacum plants are collected from 6 communities with a large number of Baoshan in Guangxi, and about 3-6 plants in each bunch are connected together for 30 plants. Among these plants are flowering plants, plants that will flower, and young plants that have just grown. And respectively marking and recording the collected places, communities and habitat conditions thereof.
(2) Transportation and packaging of materials:
the collected paphiopedilum armeniacum in the step (1) needs to be wrapped by wet moss to prevent the roots from being dehydrated and then put into a ventilated hard paper box to prevent extrusion. 5 days later, the seeds are transported to an ex-situ conservation greenhouse of Guangzhou in south China for cultivation.
(3) And (3) cultivation environment:
the in-place conservation greenhouse adopts a fan water curtain greenhouse and is provided with an inner sunshade net and an outer sunshade net, wherein the outer sunshade net is a black sunshade net with a shading rate of 75%, and the inner sunshade net is a silver gray sunshade net with a shading rate of 60%. In winter, when the sunlight is weak or in cloudy days in other seasons, two layers of sunshade nets are opened; in summer and autumn, when sunlight is strong, two layers of shading nets are utilized for shading, and an outer shading net is generally adopted for shading. The temperature is kept above 15 ℃ by using a fuel oil heater in winter, and is kept below 35 ℃ by using a water curtain for cooling and enhancing ventilation in summer. In the cultivation process, a circulating fan is used for keeping the good ventilation condition of the greenhouse.
(4) Cultivation management mode:
cleaning introduced paphiopedilum armeniacum before planting, washing off soil and worm eggs on roots and leaves, cutting out rotten roots and leaves, soaking in 700 times of carbendazim diluted solution for 30 minutes, taking out, washing with water, air drying, and planting.
A plastic sieve with the size of 25 cm multiplied by 25 cm is adopted as a cultivation pot for cultivation, a layer of black net is padded at the bottom of the plastic sieve, and a cultivation medium is filled in the plastic sieve. 30 plants are cultivated in a pot. The culture medium is fine peat soil (imported from Israel), ceramsite with the diameter of 0.6 cm and pine bark with the volume ratio of 3: 3: 1, preparing and uniformly mixing. The pine bark is boiled in boiling water for 45 minutes, soaked in tap water for 36 hours, washed with tap water for 5 times and reused, and the ceramsite is washed with tap water and reused. Covering a layer of Chilean imported aquatic weeds on the culture medium after planting, and wringing the aquatic weeds by hands after soaking the aquatic weeds for 48 hours for reuse.
Spraying 700 times of carbendazim diluted solution on introduced and cultivated paphiopedilum armeniacum just after potting, and pouring the substrate through 800 times of carbendazim diluted solution without watering within 20 days. After 20 days, normal management is carried out, and watering is carried out once every 4 days in the growing season. During the cultivation process, the relative humidity of air in the nursery room is kept between 60 and 85 percent, but the air humidity is prevented from being too high in summer high-temperature seasons and winter to prevent the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests. When drying in autumn, water is sprayed on the ground and air around the plants to increase the humidity of the air. In winter, the watering is reduced when the temperature is below 15 ℃, and the substrate is kept wet.
After the paphiopedilum armeniacum plant is cultivated for 1 month and recovers growth, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrition ratio is 20: 20: more flowers than 20RThe 900-time diluted solution of the compound fertilizer is applied and sprayed with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium according to the nutrient ratio of 10: 30: more flowers than 20RThe 1000-time diluted solution of the compound fertilizer is sprayed once until the water drops on the leaf surfaces. And when the temperature is lower than 15 ℃ for 1-2 months, the application of the foliar fertilizer is stopped. Ordovician second generation 601[10 (nitrogen) -11 (phosphorus) -18 (potassium) +2MgO (magnesium oxide) + TE (iron) & with half a year of fertilizer efficiency by spreading on the surface of the pot after 3 months of pot cultivation for root system recovery growth]The long-acting slow-release Aolan fertilizer is used once every half year, and each plant has about 8 granules.
In the cultivation process, 35% of 1800-time diluent of soil-retaining bacteria wettable powder, 45% of 1100-time diluent of prochloraz or 75% of 600-time diluent of carbendazim are sprayed once every 2 weeks for alternate use; and spraying 700 times of diluent of 40% omethoate emulsion or 900 times of diluent of 40% killing once every other week, and alternately using. Can prevent the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests.
After 2 years of introduction and cultivation, the survival rate is 90 percent, and the flowering rate is 66.7 percent.
Claims (1)
1. A method for introducing and domesticating paphiopedilum armeniacum in south China is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. transportation and packaging of materials: collecting paphiopedilum armeniacum plants, collecting and digging several paphiopedilum armeniacum plants by covering roots with moist moss to prevent water loss without cutting stems of the plants connected together when digging the paphiopedilum armeniacum plants, putting the collected paphiopedilum armeniacum plants into a ventilated hard paper box to prevent extrusion, and transporting the paphiopedilum armeniacum plants to an ex-situ conservation greenhouse in south China for cultivation;
B. and (3) cultivation environment: maintaining proper illumination of paphiopedilum armeniacum in an ex-situ conservation greenhouse, controlling the temperature to be 15-35 ℃, and maintaining good ventilation condition in the cultivation process;
C. cultivation management mode: cleaning introduced paphiopedilum armeniacum before planting, washing soil and worm eggs on roots and leaves, cutting rotten roots and leaves, soaking in 800 times of carbendazim diluted solution for 20-40 minutes, taking out, washing with water, drying in the air, planting in a cultivation pot containing a cultivation medium, covering a layer of waterweed on the cultivation medium after planting, soaking the waterweed for 24-72 hours, and wringing out the waterweed by hand for use;
spraying 600-800 times carbendazim diluted solution immediately after the introduced and cultivated paphiopedilum armeniacum is planted in a cultivation pot, pouring the cultivation medium through the 600-800 times carbendazim diluted solution, watering once in 2-4 days in a growing season, watering when the cultivation medium is basically dry, spraying water to the ground and the air to improve the air humidity in the cultivation process in dry seasons in summer and autumn, and keeping the relative air humidity of the nursery room at 60-85%;
after the paphiopedilum armeniacum plant is cultivated for 1 month and recovers growth, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrition ratio is 20: 20: more flowers than 20RThe 800-fold diluted solution of the compound fertilizer is applied and sprayed with the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrition ratio of 10 once per week in 11-12 months before flowering: 30: more flowers than 20RThe compound fertilizer is diluted once by 800 times of the solution, when the temperature is lower than 15 ℃ for 1-2 months, the application of the foliar fertilizer is stopped, the root system is recovered after the culture in the upper pot for 3 months, and the fertilizer effect is spread on the pot surface for half a year, namely, the Oridou green second generation 601[10 (nitrogen) -11 (phosphorus) -18 (potassium) +2MgO (magnesium oxide) + TE (ferrum)]5-10 granules of long-acting slow-release Aolan fertilizer per plant, once per half year;
in the cultivation process, 35% soil-dwelling bacteria wettable powder 1500-fold and 2000-fold diluent, 45% prochloraz 1000-fold and 1200-fold diluent, or 75% carbendazim 600-fold and 800-fold diluent are sprayed once every 2 weeks for alternate use; spraying 40% omethoate emulsion 600-800 times diluent or 40% killing 800-1000 times diluent for one time in another week alternately;
the culture medium is peat soil, ceramsite with the diameter of 0.5-0.6 cm and pine bark with the volume ratio of 3-4: 2-3: 1, mixing uniformly;
the cultivation environment of the step B is that a fan water curtain greenhouse is adopted in the in-place conservation greenhouse and is provided with an inner sunshade net and an outer sunshade net, the outer sunshade net is a black sunshade net with 75% of sunshade rate, the inner sunshade net is a silver gray sunshade net with 60% of sunshade rate, and the two sunshade nets are opened in winter when the sunlight is weak or in cloudy days in other seasons; shading by using two layers of shading nets in summer and autumn when sunlight is strong, shading by using an outer shading net under the common condition, keeping the temperature above 15 ℃ by using a fuel oil heater in winter, cooling and enhancing ventilation below 35 ℃ by using a water curtain in summer, and keeping good ventilation condition of a greenhouse by using a circulating fan in the cultivation process;
the cultivation pot is cultivated by a plastic sieve of 25 cm multiplied by 25 cm, a layer of black net is padded at the bottom of the plastic sieve, and cultivation media are filled in the cultivation pot, so that 20 plants are planted in the pot.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610915607.1A CN106472231B (en) | 2016-10-20 | 2016-10-20 | Method for introducing and domesticating paphiopedilum armeniacum in south China |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610915607.1A CN106472231B (en) | 2016-10-20 | 2016-10-20 | Method for introducing and domesticating paphiopedilum armeniacum in south China |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| 兜兰属植物的引种与栽培;何荆洲等;《广东农业科学》;20131031(第19期);第35-37页 * |
| 国产兜兰属植物的引种和栽培;曾宋君等;《中国野生植物资源》;20100430(第2期);第53-58页 * |
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