CN106401121B - 一种具有速生木垫层的装饰材料 - Google Patents

一种具有速生木垫层的装饰材料 Download PDF

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CN106401121B
CN106401121B CN201610805155.1A CN201610805155A CN106401121B CN 106401121 B CN106401121 B CN 106401121B CN 201610805155 A CN201610805155 A CN 201610805155A CN 106401121 B CN106401121 B CN 106401121B
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growing
fast
mouth
gap
connection
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CN106401121A (zh
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刘辉煌
黄荣泰
刘东岳
刘国俊
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SHANGHAI XIECHENGCHANG CHEMICAL CO Ltd
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SHANGHAI XIECHENGCHANG CHEMICAL CO Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种具有速生木垫层的装饰材料，包括材料表层和速生木垫层，速生木垫层胶合在材料表层的下表面，速生木垫层的周边设有连接企口，连接企口包括能够卡接的连接榫头和连接槽口，连接榫头的端部和连接槽口的底部通过弹性件连接，连接榫头的端部和连接槽口的底部的间隙在速生木垫层横向变形或移动过程中具有第一间隙和第二间隙；当间隙小于第二间隙，连接榫头和连接槽口通过弹性件连接；当间隙达到第二间隙，连接榫头和连接槽口通过弹性件连接的同时形成卡接。通过将企口开设在速生木垫层中，从而可以使用更薄的材料表层，从而减少生产成本。

Description

一种具有速生木垫层的装饰材料
技术领域
本发明涉及建筑材料领域，尤其涉及一种具有速生木垫层的装饰材料。
背景技术
板材，例如地板、墙板、天花板等，被大量地使用在建筑装修中。随着人们生活水平、健康和环保意识的提高，人们一方面希望所用的板材具有优良的实用性能，例如耐磨性、耐热性、耐污性、防滑性等；另一方面希望具有美观的视觉效果和触感，例如可实现木纹或石纹的视觉效果和触感，甚至可以实现定制图案或丰富的色彩组合；还希望其健康无毒，长期使用过程中没有有害物质逸出。
实木板材，例如实木地板，由实木直接加工制成。虽然其具有美观的自然木纹、舒适的脚感和良好的隔热性，但是其成本高，容易伸缩变形甚至开裂，且耐磨耐热性能较差，也不利于森林资源的可持续发展。
为降低成本并提高板材性能，本领域技术人员采用PVC、LVT等作为基材，并在其表面覆盖多个功能层(例如图案层、耐磨层、质感层、防滑层、防水层等)以改善板材的性能。传统基材和各功能层之间一般使用层压方法结合，有时还需借助粘结剂，但这种结合方式存在诸多问题。首先，各层之间的弹性、热膨胀性存在差异，当环境温度改变而热胀冷缩时会产生应力，导致地板“翘曲”变形，或功能层剥离、脱落。
作为层压板材的基材使用最多的当属PVC，因为PVC具有低廉的价格和优良的物理、化学性能。大多PVC等装饰材料在使用过程中无垫层，缺少弹性，即使具有垫层一般为WPC、EVA、软木垫，一般价格较贵，且可能还含有增塑剂。目前锁扣一般开设在基材上，这也限制了基材的加工厚度。
现如今，市场上的PVC等地材大多采用胶水粘贴在地面上，若需开凿锁扣，大多也是开凿在基材上，这大大限制了基材的厚度要求，很难使基材做到“超薄”。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是在基材下方增加速生木垫层，为了解决上述问题，本发明提供一种具有速生木垫层的装饰材料，包括材料表层和速生木垫层，速生木垫层胶合在材料表层的下表面，速生木垫层的周边设有连接企口，连接企口包括能够卡接的连接榫头和连接槽口，连接榫头的端部和连接槽口的底部通过弹性件连接，连接榫头的端部和连接槽口的底部的间隙在速生木垫层横向变形或移动过程中具有第一间隙和第二间隙；当间隙小于第二间隙，连接榫头和连接槽口通过弹性件连接；当间隙达到第二间隙，连接榫头和连接槽口通过弹性件连接的同时形成卡接。
进一步地，弹性件包括弹性部和连接龙骨，连接龙骨包括左筋和右筋，左筋固定在连接榫头的端部，右筋固定在连接槽口的底部，弹性部的两端分别与左筋和右筋固定连接。
进一步地，弹性部包括片弹簧、圆柱螺旋弹簧、变径螺旋弹簧和弹性膜片中的任一一种。
进一步地，弹性部的形状包括弧形、圆形、椭圆形、U字型或V字形。
进一步地，连接榫头的宽度从速生木垫层的边缘向端部逐渐变大，连接槽口的宽度从速生木垫层的边缘向底部逐渐变大。
进一步地，连接榫头包括梯形部和矩形部，矩形部的两端分别连接梯形部的短边一端和速生木垫层，梯形部的长边一端为连接榫头的端部，连接槽口的形状为梯形。
进一步地，当矩形部整体位于连接槽口中，此时间隙为第一间隙。
进一步地，当矩形部整体位于连接槽口外，连接榫头的梯形部的斜边和连接槽口的梯形斜边贴合形成卡接，此时间隙为第二间隙。
进一步地，速生木垫层的周边分别均匀布置有若干个连接榫头和连接槽口。
进一步地，材料表层的材质为木质、PVC、硅酸钙板或LVT。
本发明具有如下有益效果：
1、本发明公开的一种具有速生木垫层的装饰材料，通过将企口开设在速生木垫层中，从而可以使用更薄的材料表层，从而减少生产成本。
2、本发明公开的一种具有速生木垫层的装饰材料，其垫层的连接企口通过弹性件和榫接相结合的方式连接，增加了速生木垫层的弹性的同时，也增加了整体装饰材料的耐用性。
附图说明
图1是本发明的速生木垫层在不受力情况下的结构示意图。
图2是本发明的速生木垫层相互卡接情况下的结构示意图。
图3是图2中连接榫头和连接槽口卡接的立体结构示意图。
图4是本发明的弹性件的一种实施方式的截面结构示意图。
图5是本发明的弹性件的一种实施方式的截面结构示意图。
图中：速生木垫层1、连接榫头2、梯形部21、矩形部22、连接槽口3、连接龙骨41、弹性部42。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图并参照数据进一步详细描述本发明。应理解，实施方式只是为了举例说明本发明，而非以任何方式限制发明的范围。
如图1-3所示，本发明公开一种具有速生木垫层的装饰材料，包括材料表层和速生木垫层，速生木垫层胶合在材料表层的下表面，在一个实施例中，垫层通过UV胶或挤压的方式按固定位置紧密的粘贴在材料表层下表面，速生木垫层的周边设有连接企口，速生木垫层的周边的连接企口相互形成配合时，材料表层周边精密配合。其中连接企口包括能够卡接的连接榫头和连接槽口，连接榫头的端部和连接槽口的底部通过弹性件连接，连接榫头的端部和连接槽口的底部的间隙在速生木垫层横向变形或移动过程中具有第一间隙和第二间隙；且第二间隙大于第一间隙，当间隙小于第二间隙，连接榫头和连接槽口通过弹性件连接；当间隙达到第二间隙，连接榫头和连接槽口通过弹性件连接的同时形成卡接。速生木垫层的周边分别均匀布置有若干个连接榫头和连接槽口。
在一个实施例中，材料表层的材质为木质、PVC、硅酸钙板或LVT，且由于本发明的连接企口开设在速生木垫层中，作为基材的材料表层的厚度可以加工到更薄的程度，从而减少基材投入成本。
速生木垫层具有优良的弹性，且容易契合，但当速生木垫层在受到外力作用下，或在温湿度变化较大的情况下，相邻的速生木垫层之间会产生较大的横向应力，这个横向应力会使得装饰材料整体拱起或形成裂缝，而本发明的通过弹性件和卡接的配合很好的解决了这个问题：
在不受外力情况下，连接榫头的端部和连接槽口的底部的间隙为第一间隙，此时弹性件无弹力。
当受到外力或速生木垫层发生变形，并使得连接榫头的端部和连接槽口的底部的间隙小于第一间隙时，此时弹性件发生形变，并对连接榫头的端部和连接槽口的底部产生压应力，从而使其逐渐恢复受力或变形以前的状态。
当受到外力或速生木垫层发生变形，并使得连接榫头的端部和连接槽口的底部的间隙大于第一间隙并小于第二间隙时，此时弹性件发生形变，并对连接榫头的端部和连接槽口的底部产生拉应力，从而使其逐渐恢复受力或变形以前的状态。
当受到外力较大的情况下，尤其该作用力瞬间产生，并使得连接榫头的端部和连接槽口的底部的间隙有大于第二间隙的趋势时，此时除了弹性件对连接榫头的端部和连接槽口的底部产生拉应力，连接榫头和连接槽口形成卡接能够瞬间提供一个远大于弹力的作用力，从而避免弹性件的失效导致装饰材料整体变形甚至被破坏。
在实际应用条件下，装饰材料受到较小外力或受温湿度变化导致的小变形居多，在该情况下弹性件能够长时间提供一个稳定的阻挡力，进一步改善了速生木垫层的整体弹性性能，同时避免了常规刚性连接在变形时容易产生噪声的问题，从而增加产品寿命和耐用度。
选用速生木作为垫层材料，这种软木，不仅价格适宜，而且来源广，且生长来源广，在一个实施例中，速生木可以是泡桐，其具有耐磨、隔潮、不易虫蛀、便宜等特点，当然，使用的速生木还包括橡胶木、樟子松、柳桉、香樟、杉木。结合市场需要，垫层还可为WPC、厚胶等。
在一个实施例中，连接榫头包括梯形部和矩形部，矩形部的两端分别连接梯形部的短边一端和速生木垫层，梯形部的长边一端为连接榫头的端部，连接槽口的形状为梯形。当矩形部整体位于连接槽口中，此时间隙为第一间隙。当矩形部整体位于连接槽口外，连接榫头的梯形部的斜边和连接槽口的梯形斜边贴合形成卡接，此时间隙为第二间隙。
如图4-5所示，在一个实施例中，弹性件包括弹性部和连接龙骨，连接龙骨包括左筋和右筋，左筋固定在连接榫头的端部，右筋固定在连接槽口的底部，弹性部的两端分别与左筋和右筋固定连接。
弹性部包括片弹簧、圆柱螺旋弹簧、变径螺旋弹簧和弹性膜片中的任一一种。
弹性部的形状包括弧形、圆形、椭圆形、U字型或V字形。
连接榫头的宽度从速生木垫层的边缘向端部逐渐变大，连接槽口的宽度从速生木垫层的边缘向底部逐渐变大。
以上详细描述了本发明的较佳具体实施例。应当理解，本领域的普通技术人员无需创造性劳动就可以根据本发明的构思作出诸多修改和变化。因此，凡本技术领域中技术人员依本发明的构思在现有技术的基础上通过逻辑分析、推理或者有限的实验可以得到的技术方案，皆应在由权利要求书所确定的保护范围内。

Claims (7)

1.一种具有速生木垫层的装饰材料，其特征在于，包括材料表层和速生木垫层，所述速生木垫层胶合在所述材料表层的下表面，所述速生木垫层的周边设有连接企口，所述连接企口包括能够卡接的连接榫头和连接槽口，所述连接榫头的端部和所述连接槽口的底部通过弹性件连接，所述连接榫头的端部和所述连接槽口的底部的间隙在速生木垫层横向变形或移动过程中具有第一间隙和第二间隙；
当所述间隙小于所述第二间隙，所述连接榫头和连接槽口通过弹性件连接；
当所述间隙达到所述第二间隙，所述连接榫头和连接槽口通过弹性件连接的同时形成卡接；
所述连接榫头包括梯形部和矩形部，所述矩形部的两端分别连接所述梯形部的短边一端和所述速生木垫层，所述梯形部的长边一端为所述连接榫头的端部，所述连接槽口的形状为梯形；
当所述矩形部整体位于所述连接槽口中，此时所述间隙为第一间隙；
当所述矩形部整体位于所述连接槽口外，所述连接榫头的梯形部的斜边和所述连接槽口的梯形斜边贴合形成卡接，此时所述间隙为第二间隙。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种具有速生木垫层的装饰材料，其特征在于，所述弹性件包括弹性部和连接龙骨，所述连接龙骨包括左筋和右筋，所述左筋固定在所述连接榫头的端部，所述右筋固定在所述连接槽口的底部，所述弹性部的两端分别与所述左筋和右筋固定连接。
3.如权利要求2所述的一种具有速生木垫层的装饰材料，其特征在于，所述弹性部包括片弹簧、圆柱螺旋弹簧、变径螺旋弹簧和弹性膜片中的任一一种。
4.如权利要求2所述的一种具有速生木垫层的装饰材料，其特征在于，所述弹性部的形状包括弧形、圆形、椭圆形、U字型或V字形。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种具有速生木垫层的装饰材料，其特征在于，所述连接榫头的宽度从速生木垫层的边缘向所述端部逐渐变大，所述连接槽口的宽度从速生木垫层的边缘向所述底部逐渐变大。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种具有速生木垫层的装饰材料，其特征在于，所述速生木垫层的周边分别均匀布置有若干个所述连接榫头和连接槽口。
7.如权利要求1所述的一种具有速生木垫层的装饰材料，其特征在于，所述材料表层的材质为木质、PVC、硅酸钙板或LVT。
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