CN106674823A - 一种具有垫层的板材 - Google Patents

一种具有垫层的板材 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106674823A
CN106674823A CN201710033934.9A CN201710033934A CN106674823A CN 106674823 A CN106674823 A CN 106674823A CN 201710033934 A CN201710033934 A CN 201710033934A CN 106674823 A CN106674823 A CN 106674823A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
parts
layer
sheet material
bed course
coating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201710033934.9A
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English (en)
Inventor
刘辉煌
黄荣泰
刘东岳
刘国俊
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SHANGHAI XIECHENGCHANG CHEMICAL CO Ltd
Original Assignee
SHANGHAI XIECHENGCHANG CHEMICAL CO Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SHANGHAI XIECHENGCHANG CHEMICAL CO Ltd filed Critical SHANGHAI XIECHENGCHANG CHEMICAL CO Ltd
Publication of CN106674823A publication Critical patent/CN106674823A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
    • C09D175/14—Polyurethanes having carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
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    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
    • E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种具有垫层的板材，板材包括基材和垫层，垫层位于基材底面，垫层为一层或多层，垫层选自软木垫、EVA、速生软木、UV胶中的一种或多种。在垫层表面还可涂覆一层胶黏层；在基材相对于垫层的另一面还可涂覆有覆层，覆层依次包括底层、图案层、耐磨层、质感层、立体纹层和亮粉层中的一层或多层。本发明提供的具有垫层的板材材料环保，使用时具有静音减震的效果，适宜家居使用；覆层还具有耐磨、防滑、美观等优点；胶黏层极大提高了板材的铺装效率以及铺装质量，操作简便，减少人员操作的失误率，降低人工成本。

Description

一种具有垫层的板材
技术领域
本发明属于建筑材料领域，尤其涉及一种具有垫层的板材。
背景技术
装饰材料，尤其是板材，例如地板、墙板、天花板等，被大量地使用在建筑装修中。随着人们生活水平、健康和环保意识的提高，人们一方面希望所用的板材具有优良的实用性能，例如耐磨性、耐热性、耐污性、防滑性以及易于安装等；另一方面希望具有美观的视觉效果和触感，例如可实现木纹或石纹的视觉效果和触感，甚至可以实现定制图案或丰富的色彩组合；还希望其健康无毒，长期使用过程中没有有害物质逸出。
此外，现有的板材在使用过程中与硬物接触通常会发出声响，且不具备弹性，使用起来缺乏舒适感。
发明内容
有鉴于现有技术的不足，本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种具有弹性的静音减震的装饰材料。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种具有垫层的板材，具体地，本发明提供的技术方案如下：
一种具有垫层的板材，所述板材包括基材和垫层，所述垫层位于所述基材底面，所述垫层为一层或多层，所述垫层选自软木垫、EVA、速生软木、UV胶中的一种或多种。
优选地，所述速生软木选自泡桐、樟子松、柳桉、香樟、杉木中的一种或几种。
优选地，所述一层或多层垫层与所述基材通过胶黏剂粘合或通过共挤工艺贴合。
优选地，所述板材还包括胶黏层，所述胶黏层位于所述垫层表面，所述胶黏层表面覆有离型纸；所述胶黏层通过滚涂或刷涂胶黏剂形成。
优选地，所述胶黏剂为UV胶黏剂，按重量计包括如下组分：UV树脂70～85份，助剂0.1～0.9份，稀释剂5～10份，填充物10～15份，光引发剂3～6份。
优选地，所述UV树脂选自氨基丙烯酸酯树脂、环氧丙烯酸酯树脂、聚氨酯丙烯酸酯树脂、聚醚丙烯酸酯树脂、聚酯丙烯酸酯树脂、硅改性丙烯酸酯树脂、氟改性丙烯酸酯树脂、光固化聚丁二烯低聚物树脂及其衍生物中的一种或多种；所述助剂选自流平剂、填料、消泡剂、密着剂、湿润剂和抑制剂中的一种或多种；所述稀释剂选自丙烯酸酯类单体、溶剂中一种或多种；所述填充物选自陶土、碳酸钙、滑石粉、硫酸钡中的一种；所述光引发剂选自自由基聚合引发剂、活性胺中的一种或多种。
优选地，所述基材选自PVC板、木质板、WPC板、硅酸钙板、LVT、竹质板、玻镁板、竹木复合板和铝板中的一种。
优选地，所述PVC板按重量计包括如下组分：PVC 100份，碳酸钙210-270份或珍珠岩50-80份或轻质碳酸钙160-190份，稳定剂2-6份，硬脂酸0.2-0.8份，PE蜡0.2-0.8份，氯化聚乙烯1-5份，ACR改性剂0.5-2份，钛白粉1-5份，OB-1增白剂0.01-0.05份。
优选地，所述稳定剂为铅盐复合稳定剂、有机锡类稳定剂、钙锌复合稳定剂或钾锌复合稳定剂。
优选地，所述基材相对于所述垫层的另一面涂覆有覆层，所述覆层依次包括底层、图案层、耐磨层、质感层、立体纹层和亮粉层中的一层或多层。
本发明提供的具有垫层的板材采用了弹性垫层，能有效地与基材搭配，使得板材具有静音减震的效果，适宜家居使用，基材表面的覆层还具有耐磨、防滑、美观等优点。另外，本发明还具有以下有益效果：1、材料环保；2、流水线生产，操作简便，减少人员操作的失误率，降低人工成本；3、产线控制，能有效降低产品的次品率；4、板材铺装更加便捷，极大提高板材的铺装效率以及铺装质量。
以下将对本发明的方法及产生的技术效果作进一步说明，以充分地了解本发明的目的、特征和效果。
具体实施方式
实施例1PVC基材的制备
该具体实施例的PVC基材的组分按重量计具有如下配比：PVC 100份，碳酸钙210份，稳定剂2份，硬脂酸0.2份，PE蜡0.2份，氯化聚乙烯1份，ACR改性剂0.5份，钛白粉1份，OB-1增白剂0.01份。其中，PVC、碳酸钙、硬脂酸、PE蜡、氯化聚乙烯、ACR改性剂、钛白粉、OB-1增白剂皆为常规工业原料；稳定剂为工业常规使用的铅盐复合稳定剂、有机锡类稳定剂、钙锌复合稳定剂或钾锌复合稳定剂。
按重量计将各组分加入到搅拌机中，加热至40～60℃并搅拌均匀。
搅拌完成后，将物料转移至挤塑成型机中并加热至150-160℃，依据加工要求的厚度调整辊隙的大小。通过挤出机以20～50r/min速度，140-230℃温度挤出混合物，经过螺杆的充分塑化后通过窄逢机头挤成单层板坯。再由三辊压光机降温定型后经过一段距离的导辊的进一步冷却后即可切边收卷成型。
此处挤塑成型机没有特别限制，传统挤塑成型机均可使用。
本实施方式制得的基材，邵氏硬度可达40左右，热卷曲低至±0.25/mm，吸水质量变化低至±0.5％，耐水煮5级。
作为该具体实施例的变形，碳酸钙可被替换为珍珠岩和轻质碳酸钙，该珍珠岩和轻质碳酸钙相对于100份PVC的配比为：珍珠岩50份，轻质碳酸钙160份。另外，本领域技术人员也可以依据该具体实施例制备双层或多层基材板，此处不再详述。
实施例2PVC基材的制备
该具体实施例的PVC基材的组分按重量计具有如下配比：PVC 100份，碳酸钙270份，稳定剂6份，硬脂酸0.8份，PE蜡0.8份，氯化聚乙烯5份，ACR改性剂2份，钛白粉5份，OB-1增白剂0.05份。其中，PVC、碳酸钙、硬脂酸、PE蜡、氯化聚乙烯、ACR改性剂、钛白粉、OB-1增白剂皆为常规工业原料；稳定剂为工业常规使用的铅盐复合稳定剂、有机锡类稳定剂、钙锌复合稳定剂或钾锌复合稳定剂。
按重量计将各组分加入到搅拌机中，加热至100～150℃并搅拌均匀。
搅拌完成后，将物料转移至挤塑成型机中并加热至150-160℃，依据加工要求的厚度调整辊隙的大小。通过挤出机以20～50r/min速度，140-230℃温度挤出混合物，经过螺杆的充分塑化后通过窄逢机头挤成单层板坯。再由三辊压光机降温定型后经过一段距离的导辊的进一步冷却后即可切边收卷成型。
此处挤塑成型机没有特别限制，传统挤塑成型机均可使用。
本实施方式制得的基材，邵氏硬度可达99左右，热卷曲低至±0.25/mm，吸水质量变化低至±0.5％，耐水煮5级。
作为该具体实施例的变形，碳酸钙可被替换为珍珠岩和轻质碳酸钙，该珍珠岩和轻质碳酸钙相对于100份PVC的配比为：珍珠岩80份，轻质碳酸钙190份。另外，本领域技术人员也可以依据该具体实施例制备双层或多层基材板，此处不再详述。
实施例3具有胶黏层和垫层的板材的制备
(1)制备胶黏剂
本实施例中的胶黏剂采用UV胶黏剂，按重量计包括如下组分：UV树脂85份，助剂0.9份，稀释剂10份，填充物15份，光引发剂6份。其中UV树脂为氨基丙烯酸酯树脂，助剂包括流平剂、填料、消泡剂、密着剂、湿润剂和抑制剂，稀释剂为丙烯酸酯稀释剂，填充物为碳酸钙，光引发剂为α-羟基酮。以上原料皆为工业常规原料。
制备底层涂料的工艺为：将UV树脂在60～120℃加热至流动性好的液态；然后向液态的UV树脂中，按上述比例加入助剂、稀释剂、填充物、光引发剂等材料，搅拌至均匀，备用。
(2)制备垫层
选取实施例1-2中的PVC基材的一种，垫层采用EVA材质。将PVC基材和垫层裁剪至尺寸一致。通过挤出机将板材和垫层共挤出形成具有垫层的板材，其中垫层位于基材的底面。挤出过程中，挤出机的速度设置为25r/min。
(3)滚涂胶黏层
通过滚涂机将步骤(1)制备的胶黏剂滚涂在垫层的底面上，形成胶黏层。滚涂过程中，传送带的速度设置为5-20m/min；调整滚轮与垫层底面的距离，使得胶黏剂在垫层的表面形成所期望的厚度。
(4)封装
在步骤(3)制备的胶黏层表面及PVC基材的四周覆盖一层离型纸，防止UV胶黏剂暴露在光线下，避免固化。
作为该具体实施例的变形，UV树脂也可以采用环氧丙烯酸酯树脂、聚氨酯丙烯酸酯树脂、聚醚丙烯酸酯树脂、聚酯丙烯酸酯树脂、硅改性丙烯酸酯树脂、氟改性丙烯酸酯树脂、光固化聚丁二烯低聚物树脂及它们的衍生物。稀释剂也可以采用其它的丙烯酸酯类单体或溶剂。光引发剂也可以采用其它的自由基聚合引发剂或活性胺。垫层也可以采用软木垫、速生软木、UV胶中的一种或多种；速生软木选自泡桐、樟子松、柳桉、香樟、杉木中的一种或几种。垫层也可以是多层。
本实施例采用EVA作为垫层，使得板材具有一定的弹性，在使用中起到静音减震的作用，适合家居使用。此外，利用滚涂的方式在具有垫层的板材的底面涂覆一层胶黏层，使得板材在铺装时节省了刷涂胶水的施工工序，提高了板材的铺装效率；同时采用的UV胶黏剂材料环保，不含甲醛等有害物质，制备工艺为流水线生产，操作简便，减少人员操作的失误率，降低人工成本；产线控制，能有效降低产品的次品率。离型纸能有效防止胶黏层在储存和运输过程中与其他物体接触或暴露在光线下产生固化。
实施例4具有胶黏层和垫层的板材的制备
(1)制备胶黏剂
本实施例中的胶黏剂采用UV胶黏剂，按重量计包括如下组分：UV树脂80份，助剂0.6份，稀释剂7份，填充物12份，光引发剂4份。其中UV树脂为氨基丙烯酸酯树脂，助剂包括流平剂、填料、消泡剂、密着剂、湿润剂和抑制剂，稀释剂为丙烯酸酯稀释剂，填充物为碳酸钙，光引发剂为α-羟基酮。以上原料皆为工业常规原料。
制备底层涂料的工艺为：将UV树脂在60～120℃加热至流动性好的液态；然后向液态的UV树脂中，按上述比例加入助剂、稀释剂、填充物、光引发剂等材料，搅拌至均匀，备用。
(2)制备垫层
选取实施例1-2中的PVC基材的一种，垫层采用泡桐材质。将PVC基材和垫层裁剪至尺寸一致。分别对基材和垫层需要贴合的表面进行清灰处理。在垫层的表面刷涂一层步骤(1)制备的胶黏剂，将垫层与板材进行粘合，其中垫层位于基材的底面。
(3)滚涂胶黏层
按照实施例6的步骤(3)在垫层的底面上滚涂一层胶黏层。
(4)封装
按照实施例3的步骤(4)封装。
作为该具体实施例的变形，UV树脂也可以采用环氧丙烯酸酯树脂、聚氨酯丙烯酸酯树脂、聚醚丙烯酸酯树脂、聚酯丙烯酸酯树脂、硅改性丙烯酸酯树脂、氟改性丙烯酸酯树脂、光固化聚丁二烯低聚物树脂及它们的衍生物。稀释剂也可以采用其它的丙烯酸酯类单体或溶剂。光引发剂也可以采用其它的自由基聚合引发剂或活性胺。垫层也可以采用软木垫、EVA、UV胶中的一种或多种；或采用其他速生软木，选自樟子松、柳桉、香樟、杉木中的一种或几种。垫层也可以是多层。
本实施例采用泡桐作为垫层，泡桐这类速生软木使得板材具有一定的弹性，在使用中起到静音减震的作用，适合家居使用。此外，利用滚涂的方式在具有垫层的板材的底面涂覆一层胶黏层，使得板材在铺装时节省了刷涂胶水的施工工序，提高了板材的铺装效率；同时采用的UV胶黏剂材料环保，不含甲醛等有害物质，制备工艺为流水线生产，操作简便，减少人员操作的失误率，降低人工成本；产线控制，能有效降低产品的次品率。离型纸能有效防止胶黏层在储存和运输过程中与其他物体接触或暴露在光线下产生固化。
实施例5具有底层、图案层、耐磨层及质感层的板材的制备
(1)预处理
选用实施例3或4中的板材，使用滚涂机将乙醇涂装至基材的上表面，以增加基材表面的密着性。滚涂过程中，传送带的速度设置为5-20m/min。
(2)滚涂底层
使用滚涂机在步骤(1)预处理的基材的上表面滚涂底层，滚涂过程中，传送带的速度设置为5-20m/min；调整滚轮与基材板表面的距离，使得底层涂料在基材的上表面形成所期望的厚度，通常，底层厚度为1μm～100μm。其中，底层涂料按重量计包括如下组分：UV树脂60～70份，助剂0.1～0.9份，稀释剂10～15份，填充物10～15份，光引发剂3～6份。
(3)光固化
使用紫外灯对步骤(2)中得到的涂层进行固化干燥，固化干燥的参数设置为：紫外灯的功率为100w～25kw；传送带的速度为5-20m/min；紫外灯距离传送带的高度为10-35cm。
(4)滚涂图案层
使用滚涂机以四色转印方法将图案层涂料涂于底层表面，以形成图案层。滚涂过程中，传送带的速度设置为5-20m/min；调整滚轮与基材板表面的距离，使得图案层涂料在底层的表面形成所期望的厚度，通常，图案层厚度为1μm～100μm。其中，图案层涂料按重量计包括如下组分：UV树脂60～70份，助剂0.1～0.9份，稀释剂10～15份，色粉10～15份，光引发剂3～6份。
(5)光固化
使用紫外灯对步骤(4)中得到的涂层进行固化干燥，固化干燥的参数设置为：紫外灯的功率为100w～25kw；传送带的速度为5-20m/min；紫外灯距离传送带的高度为10-35cm。
(6)滚涂耐磨层
本实施例中的耐磨层包括耐磨载粉层、耐磨粉和耐磨覆粉层。其中，耐磨载粉层涂料按重量计包括如下组分：UV树脂70～85份、助剂0.1～0.9份、稀释剂5～10份、填充物10～15份和光引发剂3～6份。耐磨覆粉层涂料按重量计包括如下组分：UV树脂60～70份、助剂0.4～0.6份，稀释剂14～20份，填充剂10～20份和光引发剂0.01～6份。耐磨粉选自金刚砂、玻璃珠、碳化硅、二氧化硅、氧化铝、氧化镁、钛白粉、塑胶粒中的一种或多种。
使用滚涂机将耐磨载粉层涂料滚涂于图案层的上表面，以形成耐磨载粉层。滚涂过程中，传送带的速度设置为5-20m/min；调整滚轮与基材板表面的距离，使得耐磨载粉层涂料在图案层的上表面形成所期望的厚度，通常，耐磨载粉层厚度为1μm～100μm。
使用撒粉机将耐磨粉均匀撒至滚涂的耐磨载粉层之上，并进一步加热，以使耐磨粉部分地陷于耐磨载粉层。
使用紫外灯对涂层进行部分固化，固化的参数设置为：紫外灯的功率为100w～25kw；传送带的速度为5-20m/min；紫外灯距离传送带的高度为10-35cm。
使用滚涂机将耐磨覆粉层涂料涂于撒有耐磨粉的耐磨载粉层的表面，以形成耐磨覆粉层。
(7)光固化
使用紫外灯对步骤(6)中得到的涂层进行固化干燥，固化干燥的参数设置为：紫外灯的功率为100w～25kw；传送带的速度为5-20m/min；紫外灯距离传送带的高度为10-35cm。
(8)滚涂质感层
使用滚涂机将质感层涂料涂于耐磨层表面，以形成质感层。滚涂过程中，传送带的速度设置为5-20m/min；调整滚轮与基材板表面的距离，使得图案层涂料在耐磨层的上表面形成所期望的厚度，通常，图案层厚度为1μm～100μm。其中，质感层涂料按重量计包括如下组分：UV树脂70～85份，助剂0.1～0.9份，稀释剂5～10份，填充物10～15份，光引发剂3～6份。
(9)光固化
使用紫外灯对步骤(8)中得到的涂层进行固化干燥，固化干燥的参数设置为：紫外灯的功率为100w～25kw；传送带的速度为5-20m/min；紫外灯距离传送带的高度为10-35cm。
在本实施例中，各覆层涂层都采用了UV固化涂料，不易存在黄变、剥离等状况，且具有材料环保、流水线生产等优点。其中，UV树脂选自氨基丙烯酸酯树脂、环氧丙烯酸酯树脂、聚氨酯丙烯酸酯树脂、聚醚丙烯酸酯树脂、聚酯丙烯酸酯树脂、硅改性丙烯酸酯树脂、氟改性丙烯酸酯树脂、光固化聚丁二烯低聚物树脂及其衍生物中的一种或多种。助剂选自流平剂、填料、消泡剂、密着剂、湿润剂和抑制剂中的一种或多种。稀释剂选自丙烯酸酯类单体、溶剂中一种或多种。填充物选自陶土、碳酸钙、滑石粉、硫酸钡中的一种。光引发剂选自自由基聚合引发剂、活性胺中的一种或多种。
本实施例中的底层有利于其表面涂层牢固地附着；图案层可根据需要设计，例如可以设计成石纹或木纹，增加板材的美观性；耐磨层进一步提高了板材的耐磨性；质感层进一步提高了板材的质感。
作为该具体实施例的变形，基材上的涂层可按照底层、图案层、耐磨层及质感层的顺序选择性涂覆其中的一层或多层。
实施例6具有立体纹层和亮粉层的板材的制备
(1)滚涂立体纹层
选用实施例5或其变形实施例中的板材，使用滚涂机在最上一层的表面滚涂立体纹层涂料，该滚涂机的滚轮的表面具有与所需要的立体纹层的纹路相匹配的蚀纹。滚涂过程中，传送带的速度设置为15～30m/min；调整滚轮与基材板表面的距离至0.01～0.5mm；重复滚涂2～5次，直至立体纹层涂料在板材的上表面形成所期望的厚度。其中，立体纹层涂料按重量计包括如下组分：UV树脂70～85份，助剂0.1～0.9份，稀释剂5～10份，填充物10～15份，光引发剂3～6份。
(2)光固化
使用紫外灯对步骤(1)中得到的涂层进行固化干燥，固化干燥的参数设置为：紫外灯的功率为100w～25kw；传送带的速度为5-20m/min；紫外灯距离传送带的高度为10-35cm。
(3)滚涂亮粉层
使用滚涂机将亮粉载粉层涂料滚涂于立体纹层的上表面，以形成亮粉载粉层。滚涂过程中，传送带的速度设置为5-20m/min；调整滚轮与基材板表面的距离，使得亮粉载粉层涂料在立体纹层的上表面形成所期望的厚度，通常，亮粉载粉层厚度为1μm～100μm。
使用撒粉机将亮粉均匀撒至滚涂的亮粉载粉层之上，并进一步加热，以使亮粉部分地陷于亮粉载粉层。
使用紫外灯对涂层进行部分固化，固化的参数设置为：紫外灯的功率为100w～25kw；传送带的速度为5-20m/min；紫外灯距离传送带的高度为10-35cm。
使用滚涂机将亮粉覆粉层涂料涂于撒有亮粉的亮粉载粉层的表面，以形成亮粉覆粉层。
其中亮粉载粉层涂料和亮粉覆粉层涂料按重量计包括如下组分：UV树脂70～85份，助剂0.1～0.9份，稀释剂5～10份，填充物10～15份，光引发剂3～6份。
(4)光固化
使用紫外灯对步骤(3)中得到的涂层进行固化干燥，固化干燥的参数设置为：紫外灯的功率为100w～25kw；传送带的速度为5-20m/min；紫外灯距离传送带的高度为10-35cm。
本实施例直接利用滚涂的方式将UV固化涂料涂覆于基材的底层上，形成的立体纹理清晰美观，手触有纹路感。由于UV固化涂料本身的优良特性，形成的立体纹不易存在黄变、剥离等状况。而且，材料环保；流水线生产，操作简便，减少人员操作的失误率，降低人工成本；产线控制，能有效降低产品的次品率。本实施例中的亮粉层还可进一步提高板材的美观性。
作为该具体实施例的变形，基材上的涂层可按照底层、图案层、耐磨层、质感层、立体纹层、亮粉层的顺序选择性涂覆其中的一层或多层。
以上详细描述了本发明的较佳具体实施例。应当理解，本领域的普通技术无需创造性劳动就可以根据本发明的构思做出诸多修改和变化。因此，凡本技术领域中技术人员依本发明的构思在现有技术的基础上通过逻辑分析、推理或者有限的实验可以得到的技术方案，皆应在由权利要求书所确定的保护范围内。

Claims (10)

1.一种具有垫层的板材，其特征在于，所述板材包括基材和垫层，所述垫层位于所述基材底面，所述垫层为一层或多层，所述垫层选自软木垫、EVA、速生软木、UV胶中的一种或多种。
2.如权利要求1所述的板材，其特征在于，所述速生软木选自泡桐、樟子松、柳桉、香樟、杉木中的一种或几种。
3.如权利要求1所述的板材，其特征在于，所述一层或多层垫层与所述基材通过胶黏剂粘合或通过共挤工艺贴合。
4.如权利要求1所述的板材，其特征在于，所述板材还包括胶黏层，所述胶黏层位于所述垫层表面，所述胶黏层表面覆有离型纸；所述胶黏层通过滚涂或刷涂胶黏剂形成。
5.如权利要求4所述的板材，其特征在于，所述胶黏剂为UV胶黏剂，按重量计包括如下组分：UV树脂70～85份，助剂0.1～0.9份，稀释剂5～10份，填充物10～15份，光引发剂3～6份。
6.如权利要求5所述的板材，其特征在于，所述UV树脂选自氨基丙烯酸酯树脂、环氧丙烯酸酯树脂、聚氨酯丙烯酸酯树脂、聚醚丙烯酸酯树脂、聚酯丙烯酸酯树脂、硅改性丙烯酸酯树脂、氟改性丙烯酸酯树脂、光固化聚丁二烯低聚物树脂及其衍生物中的一种或多种；所述助剂选自流平剂、填料、消泡剂、密着剂、湿润剂和抑制剂中的一种或多种；所述稀释剂选自丙烯酸酯类单体、溶剂中一种或多种；所述填充物选自陶土、碳酸钙、滑石粉、硫酸钡中的一种；所述光引发剂选自自由基聚合引发剂、活性胺中的一种或多种。
7.如权利要求1所述的板材，其特征在于，所述基材选自PVC板、木质板、WPC板、硅酸钙板、LVT、竹质板、玻镁板、竹木复合板和铝板中的一种。
8.如权利要求7所述的板材，其特征在于，所述PVC板按重量计包括如下组分：PVC 100份，碳酸钙210-270份或珍珠岩50-80份或轻质碳酸钙160-190份，稳定剂2-6份，硬脂酸0.2-0.8份，PE蜡0.2-0.8份，氯化聚乙烯1-5份，ACR改性剂0.5-2份，钛白粉1-5份，OB-1增白剂0.01-0.05份。
9.如权利要求8所述的板材，其特征在于，所述稳定剂为铅盐复合稳定剂、有机锡类稳定剂、钙锌复合稳定剂或钾锌复合稳定剂。
10.如权利要求1所述的板材，其特征在于，所述基材相对于所述垫层的另一面涂覆有覆层，所述覆层依次包括底层、图案层、耐磨层、质感层、立体纹层和亮粉层中的一层或多层。
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