CN106171469A - A kind of Semen Ricini spring sowing summer cuts down ratooning method - Google Patents
A kind of Semen Ricini spring sowing summer cuts down ratooning method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106171469A CN106171469A CN201610627611.8A CN201610627611A CN106171469A CN 106171469 A CN106171469 A CN 106171469A CN 201610627611 A CN201610627611 A CN 201610627611A CN 106171469 A CN106171469 A CN 106171469A
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- summer
- semen ricini
- cuts down
- castor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Semen Ricini summer of sowing in spring cuts down ratooning method, the step such as including Fruit variety, seed treatment, whole ground overlay film, sowing, field management.The present invention is on the premise of ensureing castor bean yield, pass through technical regulation, carry out the summer cuts down in good time, realize Semen Ricini " a kind of two receive ", i.e. produce leaf sericulture spring, plant regeneration in autumn produces seed, the most simple to operate, moreover it is possible to effectively save cultivating castor-oil plant cost, improve soil multiple crop index and unit are output capacity, increase the overall economic efficiency at cultivating castor-oil plant family.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting technology field, specifically, refer to that a kind of Semen Ricini spring sowing summer cuts down ratooning method.
Background technology
Semen Ricini is one of world strategy energy crop, and castor bean contains castor oil acid about 50%, its deep processing derived product
Reach more than 3000 kinds, be widely used in all conglomeraties such as space flight boat work, mechanical chemical industry, automobile boats and ships, medical treatment printing and dyeing.Not only take from castor
The Oleum Ricini potentiality to be exploited of fiber crops seed is huge, and the comprehensive exploitation prospect at the position such as Folium Ricini, bar is the most considerable.
Tradition cultivating castor-oil plant main purpose is results castor beans, and sow in spring and reap in autumn, and in 1 year one season of results, Folium Ricini then abandons
Waste fails effectively to utilize, and causes whole utilization rate, Land Units area output capacity and the cultivating castor-oil plant family mixed economy of planting of Semen Ricini to be imitated
Benefit is low, is unfavorable for the development of Semen Ricini industrial scale, diversification.
Folium Ricini is that China is the third-largest secretes a main feedstuff for silkworm class Semen Ricini silkworm, and the rearing of eri-silkworm phase is short, and (full age is about
18 days), strong stress resistance, holds and raises.Its silk main component is natural protein fibre, function admirable, and style is rough, is thin,tough silk
Spin the quality raw materials of industry, unique with the fabric style of the blended union such as mulberry silk, cotton, fiber crops, hair, chemical fibre, there is good city
Field application prospect.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of Semen Ricini summer of sowing in spring cuts down ratooning method, and the method is ensureing that castor bean produces
On the premise of amount, by technical regulation, carry out the summer cuts down in good time, it is achieved Semen Ricini " a kind of two receive ", i.e. produces that leaf is bred silkworms, autumn plants spring
Strain reproduction seed, the most simple to operate, moreover it is possible to effectively to save cultivating castor-oil plant cost, improve soil multiple crop index and unit are
Output capacity, increases the overall economic efficiency at cultivating castor-oil plant family.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of Semen Ricini spring sowing summer cuts down ratooning method, comprises the following steps:
(a) Fruit variety
Select the precocious Semen Ricini that blade profile branch ability big, effective is strong, strain spike number is many, seed yield per plant is high and seed oil content is high
Kind；
(b) seed treatment
Reject not plump seed, the fullest and mistake seedlet, before sowing, select fine day to bask seeds 2～3 days, by 200 times of immersions of 40% formalin
Mix 30 minutes and carry out seed disinfection；
(c) whole ground overlay film
Selecting pH value is that weakly alkaline soil is planted, and is ploughed in soil and carefully rakes, ditch by the line-spacing of 1.1 m before sowing, ditch depth 10
～15, use sufficient base manure in ditch, then return soil and play trapezoidal ridge；Fabric width 1.2m, the black farming land of thick 0.008mm is covered on ridge
Film, during epiphragma, tension is paved, and face is close to face, ridge；
D () is sowed
Sow when the ground temperature of topsoil 10 is stablized at 12 DEG C, on mulch film, get sowing hole, every cave every 0.55m
Sow 2～3, with soil, covering is filled out in sowing hole and put down；
(e) field management
E.1 the summer cuts down Regeneration Treatment
E.1.1 fringe is stayed
Summer cut down before based on Folium Ricini results, bias toward and nourish and grow, every strain only stays main fringe or l one-level branch to set seeds, remaining
Bud is all extractd；Summer cuts down rear sprouting of lateral bud, and 3～4 young sprout growths are stayed in every strain, and every strain retains 4～5 spica and sets seeds, remaining
Bud is all extractd；
E.1.2 the summer is cut down
Period of duration reaches l00 days, and castor bean shell and burr become dry, peel by green purpling brown time, receive the seed summer and cut down；Every strain retains 3～4
Lateral bud, from earth's surface 25～30cm, above node, at 3cm, the Bevel saw stalk summer is cut down, 500 times of the saw kerf brush joyous aqueous solution bacteriological protection of sericulture
Infect；
E.2 fertile training management
E.2.1 heavy dressing base manure
Base manure is fertile with N, P, K and fertilizer mixing is used；
E.2.2 topdress
Summer imposes carbamide 15 full-bloom stage every mu before cutting down；Summer applies high nitrogen high phosphorus at stem base portion 20 and exempts to chase after compound after cutting down
Fertilizer, every mu of fertilising 20；Summer cuts down squaring period, and fine day carries out foliage dressing 2～3 times with 400 times of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, uses medicinal liquid for every mu
30㎏。
Further, in described step (a), Semen Ricini kind be preferably black castor 1, black castor 5, Fen castor 7, logical castor 5,
Middle northern No. 4, CS～R 24.181, but it is not limited to this, it is possible to other precocious Semen Ricini kind is selected separately according to practical situation.
Further, in described step (b), method for treating seeds is preferably selecting crude drugs with winnower, grain-by-grain seed selection and wet concentration, but is not limited to
This, it is possible to select separately according to practical situation.
Further, in described step (c), at the bottom of face, ridge × ridge × height=30 × 50 × 20, ridge.
Further, in described step (e.2.1), every mu of concrete dose is: farm manure consumption 3～4 tons, carbamide 15～
20, phosphate fertilizer 30～40, potash fertilizer 10～15.
Further, in described step (e.2.2), NPK total nutrient >=48% of high nitrogen high phosphorus Mian Zhui compound fertilizer, N: P: K=
23∶15∶10。
The present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
(1) present invention turns to starting point so that cultivating castor-oil plant is polynary, seeks peace rearing of eri-silkworm leaf demand according to Semen Ricini biological characteristics,
The agricultural technology means such as employing stays fringe, summer to cut down, plastic film mulching cultivation, it is achieved Semen Ricini " a kind of two receive ", i.e. produce leaf sericulture, autumn spring
Season, plant regeneration produced seed, and this method is simple to operate, on the premise of the yield ensureing castor bean, it is achieved effective utilization of Folium Ricini,
Add a mu castor mixed economy income.
(2) present invention uses plastic film mulching cultivation, preferably improves the ecological environmenies such as the light in farmland, temperature, water, gas, fertilizer,
In Semen Ricini trophophase, effective accumulated temperature can increase by 600～800 DEG C, and whole period of duration can shift to an earlier date about 20～28 days；Meanwhile, by ground
Film covers, and restrained effectively weeds in field and the generation of soil pest and disease damage, alleviates field management labor intensity, reduce kind
Plant integrated cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation on the trapezoidal ridge of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the self-made punching device of the present invention.
Wherein: 1 plants ridge, 2 dressing furrows.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
Embodiment:
The present invention is based on existing method for cultivating castor-oil plant, according to Semen Ricini biological property, uses modern agricultural technology hands innovatively
Section, proposition a kind of Semen Ricini spring sowing summer cuts down ratooning method.Comprise the following steps:
(a) Fruit variety:
Select the precocious Semen Ricini that blade profile branch ability big, effective is strong, strain spike number is many, seed yield per plant is high and seed oil content is high
Kind is advisable.Such as black castor 1, black castor 5, Fen castor 7, logical castor 5, middle northern No. 4, CS～R 24.181.
(b) seed treatment
By methods such as selecting crude drugs with winnower, grain-by-grain seed selection, wet concentrations, reject not plump seed, the fullest and cross seedlet, before sowing, select fine day to bask seeds 2～3
My god, mix 30 minutes by 200 times of immersions of 40% formalin and carry out seed disinfection.
(c) whole ground overlay film
Selecting pH value is that weakly alkaline soil is planted, and is ploughed in soil and carefully rakes, ditch by the line-spacing of 1.1 m before sowing, ditch depth 10
～15, use sufficient base manure in ditch, then return soil and play trapezoidal ridge, at the bottom of face, ridge × ridge × height=30 × 50 × 20, ridge, refer to
Fig. 1, ridge covers fabric width 1.2m, the black farm mulching of thick 0.008mm, during epiphragma, will strain and pave, and face is close to face, ridge.
To reach Meteorological effect, accelerate Semen Ricini growth, promote growing process in advance.
D () is sowed
Can sow when topsoil about 10 ground temperature reaches and stablizes at 12 DEG C, beat on mulch film every 0.55m self-made punching device
Going out and sow hole, the structural representation of self-made punching device refers to Fig. 2, every bunch planting kind 2～3, with soil, sowing hole is filled out covering
Flat.
(e) field management
E.1 the summer cuts down Regeneration Treatment
E.1.1 fringe is stayed
Summer cut down before based on Folium Ricini results, bias toward and nourish and grow, every strain only stays main fringe or l one-level branch to set seeds, remaining
Bud is all extractd.
Summer cuts down rear sprouting of lateral bud, and 3～4 young sprout growths are stayed in every strain, and every strain retains 4～5 spica and sets seeds, and remaining bud is complete
Portion extracts.
E.1.2 the summer is cut down
Period of duration reaches about l00 days, and castor bean shell and burr become dry, peel by green purpling brown time, receive the seed summer and cut down.Every strain retains
3～4 lateral buds, from earth's surface 25～30cm, above node, at 3cm, the Bevel saw stalk summer is cut down, and 500 times of the saw kerf brush joyous aqueous solution of sericulture is prevented
Antibacterial infects (save silkworm and grind institute's silkworm disinfectant powder).
E.2 fertile training management
E.2.1 heavy dressing base manure
Base manure is fertile with N, P, K and fertilizer mixing is used.Due to the method relate to two-part operation, early stage with nourish and grow for
Main, the later stage is based on reproductive growth, and the midway summer is cut down rear rudiment and regrows nutrient demand amount relatively greatly, therefore, and base manure three elements
Usage ratio and dose have bigger difference with conventional cultivating castor-oil plant.Every mu of concrete dose is: farm manure consumption 3～4 tons,
Chemical nitrogen fertilizer (carbamide CON2H4) 15～20, phosphate fertilizer (P2O5) 30～40, potash fertilizer (K20) 10～15.
E.2.2 topdress
Summer imposes carbamide 15 full-bloom stage every mu before cutting down；Summer applies high nitrogen high phosphorus at stem base portion 20 and exempts to chase after compound after cutting down
Fertilizer, NPK total nutrient >=48%, N: P: K=23: 15: 10, every mu of fertilising 20；Summer cuts down squaring period, and fine day is with 400 times of biphosphates
Potassium carries out foliage dressing 2～3 times, every mu with medicinal liquid 30, to increase castor bean yield and oil content.
The raising of Semen Ricini silkworm mainly based on Folium Ricini, the present invention on the premise of not affecting castor bean yield, one mu of castor
Fiber crops can produce seed about 200 kilograms, and picking leaves is bred silkworms in batches, and annual raising 2 box silkworm eggs produce fresh cocoon 50 kilograms, produce callouses 8 kilograms, produce
Pupa bombycis 42 kilograms.By existing market average price castor bean 5.5 yuan/, callouses 37 yuan/, fresh pupa 18 yuan/, seed goods and materials, management
Calculating Deng cost 350 yuan/mu, it is about 1800 yuan that seed, leaf take in pattern mu castor net income concurrently, exceedes tradition cultivating castor-oil plant income,
Remarkable in economical benefits.
The above, be only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention not does any pro forma restriction, every depends on
Any simple modification of being made above example according to the technical spirit of the present invention, equivalent variations, each fall within the protection of the present invention
Within the scope of.
Claims (6)
1. a Semen Ricini spring sowing summer cuts down ratooning method, it is characterised in that: comprise the following steps:
(a) Fruit variety
Select the precocious Semen Ricini that blade profile branch ability big, effective is strong, strain spike number is many, seed yield per plant is high and seed oil content is high
Kind；
(b) seed treatment
Reject not plump seed, the fullest and mistake seedlet, before sowing, select fine day to bask seeds 2～3 days, by 200 times of immersions of 40% formalin
Mix 30 minutes and carry out seed disinfection；
(c) whole ground overlay film
Select pH value be that weakly alkaline soil is planted, sowing before by soil plough carefully rakes, by 1.1m line-spacing ditch, ditch depth 10～
15, use sufficient base manure in ditch, then return soil and play trapezoidal ridge；Covering fabric width 1.2m on ridge, the black farm mulching of thick 0.008mm,
During epiphragma, tension is paved, and face is close to face, ridge；
D () is sowed
Sow when the ground temperature of topsoil 10 is stablized at 12 DEG C, on mulch film, get sowing hole, every cave every 0.55m
Sow 2～3, with soil, covering is filled out in sowing hole and put down；
(e) field management
E.1 the summer cuts down Regeneration Treatment
E.1.1 fringe is stayed
Summer cut down before based on Folium Ricini results, bias toward and nourish and grow, every strain only stays main fringe or l one-level branch to set seeds, remaining
Bud is all extractd；Summer cuts down rear sprouting of lateral bud, and 3～4 young sprout growths are stayed in every strain, and every strain retains 4～5 spica and sets seeds, remaining
Bud is all extractd；
E.1.2 the summer is cut down
Period of duration reaches l00 days, and castor bean shell and burr become dry, peel by green purpling brown time, receive the seed summer and cut down；Every strain retains 3～4
Lateral bud, from earth's surface 25～30cm, above node, at 3cm, the Bevel saw stalk summer is cut down, 500 times of the saw kerf brush joyous aqueous solution bacteriological protection of sericulture
Infect；
E.2 fertile training management
E.2.1 heavy dressing base manure
Base manure is fertile with N, P, K and fertilizer mixing is used；
E.2.2 topdress
Summer imposes carbamide 15 full-bloom stage every mu before cutting down；Summer applies high nitrogen high phosphorus at stem base portion 20 and exempts to chase after compound after cutting down
Fertilizer, every mu of fertilising 20；Summer cuts down squaring period, and fine day carries out foliage dressing 2～3 times with 400 times of potassium dihydrogen phosphates, uses medicinal liquid for every mu
30㎏。
A kind of Semen Ricini spring sowing summer the most according to claim 1 cuts down ratooning method, it is characterised in that: described step (a)
In, Semen Ricini kind is black castor 1, black castor 5, Fen castor 7, logical castor 5, middle northern No. 4, CS～R 24.181.
A kind of Semen Ricini spring sowing summer the most according to claim 1 cuts down ratooning method, it is characterised in that: described step (b)
In, method for treating seeds is selecting crude drugs with winnower, grain-by-grain seed selection and wet concentration.
A kind of Semen Ricini spring sowing summer the most according to claim 1 cuts down ratooning method, it is characterised in that: described step (c)
In, at the bottom of face, ridge × ridge × height=30 × 50 × 20, ridge.
A kind of Semen Ricini spring sowing summer the most according to claim 1 cuts down ratooning method, it is characterised in that: described step
(e.2.1), in, every mu of concrete dose is: farm manure consumption 3～4 tons, carbamide 15～20, phosphate fertilizer 30～40, potash fertilizer 10
～15.
A kind of Semen Ricini spring sowing summer the most according to claim 1 cuts down ratooning method, it is characterised in that: described step
(e.2.2) in, NPK total nutrient >=48% of high nitrogen high phosphorus Mian Zhui compound fertilizer, N: P: K=23: 15: 10.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108575501A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-09-28 | 广东海洋大学 | A kind of castor-oil plant cuts a method for toothing regeneration Multiple harvests |
| CN112210386A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-01-12 | 青岛九天智慧农业集团有限公司 | Soil directional conditioner special for saline-alkali soil castor planting and method for saline-alkali soil castor planting |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1943308A (en) * | 2006-10-26 | 2007-04-11 | 南京大学 | Method for cultivating castor-oil plant |
| CN102860195A (en) * | 2011-07-05 | 2013-01-09 | 李晓莉 | Whole plastic-film mulching planting technique for castor-oil plant |
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2016
- 2016-08-03 CN CN201610627611.8A patent/CN106171469A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1943308A (en) * | 2006-10-26 | 2007-04-11 | 南京大学 | Method for cultivating castor-oil plant |
| CN102860195A (en) * | 2011-07-05 | 2013-01-09 | 李晓莉 | Whole plastic-film mulching planting technique for castor-oil plant |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
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| 卢全有: "蚕用蓖麻的栽培与管理", 《中国蚕业》 * |
| 杨云峰 等: "杂交蓖麻轻简化高产栽培技术", 《农业科技通讯》 * |
| 梅再胜 等: "长江流域湘蓖1号蓖麻高产栽培技术", 《科学种养》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108575501A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-09-28 | 广东海洋大学 | A kind of castor-oil plant cuts a method for toothing regeneration Multiple harvests |
| CN112210386A (en) * | 2020-10-30 | 2021-01-12 | 青岛九天智慧农业集团有限公司 | Soil directional conditioner special for saline-alkali soil castor planting and method for saline-alkali soil castor planting |
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