CN106034961A - Tea-oil-tree high-yield cultivating technological method - Google Patents
Tea-oil-tree high-yield cultivating technological method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106034961A CN106034961A CN201610627932.8A CN201610627932A CN106034961A CN 106034961 A CN106034961 A CN 106034961A CN 201610627932 A CN201610627932 A CN 201610627932A CN 106034961 A CN106034961 A CN 106034961A
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- tea
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- oil tea
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a tea-oil-tree high-yield cultivating technological method. The tea-oil-tree high-yield cultivating technological method includes the steps that a low mountain and hill area of the Yuexi county is selected, a plurality of tea oil tree planting areas are obtained through dividing along the contour line in the direction perpendicular to mountain land or the low mountain and hill area; horizontal terraced bands for planting tea oil trees are excavated in the tea oil tree planting areas towards the interior of a mountain body, biological fences for preventing water and soil losses are planted on side slopes between the adjacent tea oil tree planting areas, and green manure or commercial crops is/are planted between biological fence lines and between tea oil tree lines of the tea oil tree planting areas. According to the tea-oil-tree high-yield cultivating technological method, due to tending management and disease and pest damage control, water and soil losses are prevented, the aims of promoting early blooming and more fruiting of the tea oil tress, increasing the yield of the tea oil trees, improving the quality of the tea oil trees and reducing the feeding quantity of chemical fertilizers and labor input are achieved, and the tea-oil-tree high-yield cultivating technological method is widely applied to production practice of the tea oil trees at home and abroad.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the high yield cultivating method of a kind of oil tea.
Background technology
Oil tea is south China main woody oil plant seeds, generally plants in mountain region, mountain area and low mountains and hills area.Oil tea
The Oleum Camelliae that fruit squeezes is a kind of fully natural green edible health-care oil, local flavor good, oily good, be of high nutritive value, the most edible can
Reduce the cholesterol in blood, be referred to as " king in oil ".In recent years, country and governments at all levels pay much attention to sending out of camellia oleiferaindustry
Exhibition, using development camellia oleiferaindustry as improving people's edible oil structure and safeguarding the strategic measure of country's oil plant safety, therefore
Development oil tea plantation has broad prospects.
Oil tea wide adaptability, if but shallow at soil layer, fertility is relatively low, extensive management on the soil of severe water and soil erosion,
Though oil tea can growth promoter, but primiparity can be extended to abounding with transition time, cause oil tea senilism low yield and biennial bearing notable.And
Soil layer is deep, well-grown on loose sandy soil fertile, well-drained, solid plentiful, yield and oil yield are the highest.South
The mountain region low mountains and hills soil of plantation oil tea is based on red soil, red earth or yellow-red soil, relatively thin rich in organic topsoil,
The viscous weight of the usual consolidation of soil layer soil, easily hardens, and ventilation water flowing condition is bad, and fertility is poor, and air slaking and eluviation are strong, fertilizer conservation
Ability is weak；Additionally, claying of soil effect generally exists, the soil weight is big, and porosity is little, and crumb structure is poor, easy plate during arid
Knot, severe water and soil erosion of raining.
China oil tea area is constantly expanding in recent years, about more than 5,000 ten thousand mu of the existing oil tea of China, wherein, and middle low oil production
The ratio of tea woods accounts for more than half, and low production forest is huge through improved productive potentialities, and therefore, expanding cultivated area is not to improve
The unique channel of tea-oil tree yield.In the plantation of existing oil tea under severe water and soil erosion, soil layer " thin, plate, ", poor management, soil fertility
Fall, causes that tea-oil tree yield is low, deficiency in economic performance.Soil management and the rational application of fertilizer and catch cropping are that oil tea grows into forest the weight of large area high yield
Want measure.Oil tea fruitful branch is mainly the spring tip, and minority is summer shoot, and July is the cone volume growth peak phase.Therefore, enter in good time
Row chesson, by long-period of management fertilizing soil, improves soil moisture and nutriture, has the biggest to improving fruit quality
Effect.The present invention will loosen the soil, whole combine with green manure catch cropping, make full use of Green manuring and turning over and loosen the soil, it is achieved
The matching of organic fertilizer with chemical fertilizer, reaches fertilizing soil, thickens and the purpose of the soil layer that loosens；Plant plant and biology hedge simultaneously, reduce nutrient and damage
Lose, conserve water and soil, increase soil fertility and the preservation capacity of water and fertility energy of soil, make the nutrient in soil can meet Growth of Camellia oleifera and grow
Required.By the application of this technology, the nitrogen that preserves in soil, phosphorus, potassium dramatically increase, than the camellia oleifera lam of low level management increase production up to
More than 50%, and biennial bearing is inconspicuous, has important promotional value in high-yield tea-oil plant development.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aims to the deficiencies in the prior art provide a kind of by the selection of reproducing area, whole, afforestation,
Prevention soil and water loss, reaches to promote oil tea prematurity, many results, improve tea-oil tree yield and quality, reduces the input amount of chemical fertilizer, subtracts
The high yield cultivating method of the purpose oil tea that few labour force puts into, this method can extensively should in the production practices of at home and abroad oil tea
With.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions above-mentioned purpose:
The high yield cultivating method of a kind of oil tea, selects mountain region, mountain area or the low mountains and hills area of south oil tea growing area, along contour
Line marks off multiple oil tea growing area in the vertical direction of mountain region, mountain area or low mountains and hills, and each oil tea growing area is in massif
Excavation has the horizontal ladder band for planting tea oil tree, plants the life of prevention soil and water loss between adjacent oil tea growing area in side slope
Thing hedge, biological hedge in the ranks with the tea oil tree green manuring in the ranks of oil tea growing area or plant economic crops.
Described tending management, fosters, and after afforestation, First Year is protection root system, it is ensured that survival rate, can not foster, Second Year
Start to foster 1-2 time every year, the 5-6 month for the first time, for the second time the 8-9 month, mainly loosen the soil, weeding, earth up, expand cave, cave is cultivated whole
The woods that ground is made, can progressively be linked to be band by fostering, and band is high outside and low outside, opens a ring ditch, soil erosion at a certain distance
Fish-scale pit also can be built in serious place；Discovery is short of seedling, diseased plant, with after-culture in strong sprout of the same age, and strengthens management, makes after-culture Seedling and forest land
Seedling uniform growth；Pruning, based on integer, light pruning Spindling control skill, trunk controls to be advisable at 0.6-0.5 rice,
Promote the growth of master skill, form short natural knob type and happy shape tree crown；Between plant and apply fertilizer, during young growth, utilize woodland
Space, the crop such as green manuring, medical material, oil plant, fosters with intertillage fertilising replacement, effectively controls miscellaneous to fill growth, earth storage in raisings
Water fertilizer-preserving ability.
Described prevention and elimination of disease and pests, the disease that oil tea mainly prevents and treats is anthrax, prevention and controls: one is to combine Silvicultural Measures, clearly
Except source of disease；Two is the 7-9 month of onset peak period, and the tea bran water adding 2% with 1% Bordeaux mixture sprays 3-4 time, or wettable with Tuzet
Property even spray 4-5 time of 500 times of liquid of 800 times of liquid 50% carbendazim of powder；The worm that oil tea mainly prevents and treats is coccid, tea oecophorid and tea
Seed weevil；Tea oecophorid adult can use light trap, it is also possible to 90% 500 times of metrifonate liquid injects branch poisoning larva；To camellia oleosa seed
Weevil, can spray again with manually slaughtering or spraying 90% metrifonate 1000；Coccid in the 3-4 month with 1000 times of liquid of 40% omethoate
Spray.
Use said method, present invention have the advantage that
1, the method for the plantation of tea oil tree is standardized, use equal pitch contour that planting area is divided so that tea oil tree is on mountain
Form the standardization oil tea growing area of terraced fields form on mountain region, district or low mountains and hills area, plant between every layer of oil tea growing area
Biological hedge, conserves water and soil, prevents water and soil nutrient loss, thus ensure the nutrient in soil, improves the yield and quality of oil tea.
, by tea oil tree in the ranks, biological hedge catch cropping green manure in the ranks, play fertilizing soil, increase organic and nitrogen, phosphorus,
Potassium content, thickens root growth soil layer, thus reaches to improve the purpose of tea-oil tree yield.
, by plantation with turn over green manure scarifying soil, play chesson, improve soil physical properties, improvement soil knot
Structure, improves soil water storage ability and aeration status, improves soil porosity, promotes oil tea on the ground and the growth of under ground portion is sent out
Educate, strengthen the vigor of oil tea root system, increase young leaves, young sprout and flower bud number, improve yield and the quality of Semen Camelliae.
In sum, severe water and soil erosion during the present invention will solve Yuexi oil tea plant development, soil layer " shallow, plate, " are led
The problems such as tea fruit yield is relatively low caused, improve tea-oil tree yield and quality, will play Yuexi oil tea plant production development and directly push away
Action is used.
Detailed description of the invention
Explanation specific implementation of the patent mode in detail further below.
, tending management
(1), after fostering afforestation, First Year is protection root system, it is ensured that survival rate, can not foster, and Second Year starts to foster every year 1
Secondary, May for the first time, for the second time August, mainly loosen the soil, weeding, earth up, expand cave, cave is cultivated the woods that whole ground is made, can be by comforting
Educating and be progressively linked to be band, band is high outside and low outside, opens a ring ditch at a certain distance, and fish scale also can be built in the place of severe water and soil erosion
Hole.
(2) after-culture with prune discovery be short of seedling, diseased plant, with after-culture in strong sprout of the same age, and strengthen management, make after-culture Seedling and forest land
Seedling uniform growth.
Pruning, based on integer, light pruning Spindling control skill, trunk controls to be advisable at 0.6 meter, promotes master skill
Growth, forms short natural knob type and happy shape tree crown.
(3) plant between and during young growth of applying fertilizer, utilize the crops such as woodland space, green manuring, medical material, oil plant, execute with intertillage
Fertile replacement, fosters, and effectively controls miscellaneous filling growth, earth storing water and preserving fertility ability in raising.In conjunction with intertillage to fertilization to sapling, increase organic
Matter, improvement soil.Based on fertilizer, fertilising should accomplish that quick-acting fertilizer is combined with slow-release fertilizer, fertilizer is combined with inorganic fertilizer.Winter
Farm manure 20 kilograms is executed in every strain, and the spring tip enriches compound fertilizer before sprouting, compound fertilizer with nitrogen, squama, potassium ratio preferably 2:1:1.
2, prevention and elimination of disease and pests
The disease that oil tea mainly prevents and treats is anthrax, prevention and controls: one is to combine Silvicultural Measures, removes source of disease.Two is onset peak
The 7-9 month of phase, the tea bran water adding 2% with 1% Bordeaux mixture sprays 3-4 time, or with 800 times of liquid of Tuzet wettable powder more than 50%
Bacterium 500 times of liquid of spirit even spray 4-5 time.
The worm that oil tea mainly prevents and treats is coccid, tea oecophorid and camellia oleosa seed weevil.Tea oecophorid adult can use light trap,
Also branch poisoning larva can be injected with 500 times of liquid of 90% metrifonate.To camellia oleosa seed weevil, with manually slaughtering or 90% metrifonate can be sprayed
Spray for 1000 times.Coccid was sprayed with 1000 times of liquid of 40% omethoate in the 3-4 month.
The above, the only present invention preferably detailed description of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Any those familiar with the art in the technical scope that the invention discloses, according to technical scheme and
Inventive concept equivalent or change in addition, all should contain within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the high yield cultivating method of an oil tea, it is characterised in that select low mountains and hills area, Yuexi County, along equal pitch contour in mountain area
Marking off multiple oil tea growing area in the vertical direction of mountain region or low mountains and hills, each oil tea growing area excavates useful in massif
In the horizontal ladder band of plantation tea oil tree, between adjacent oil tea growing area, in side slope, plant the biological hedge of prevention soil and water loss, raw
Thing hedge in the ranks with the tea oil tree green manuring in the ranks of oil tea growing area or plant economic crops.
2., according to the high yield cultivating method of the oil tea described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described tending management, foster, make
Lin Hou, First Year is protection root system, it is ensured that survival rate, can not foster, and Second Year starts to foster 1-2 time every year, for the first time 5-6
Month, the 8-9 month for the second time, mainly loosen the soil, weeding, earth up, expand cave, cave is cultivated the woods that whole ground is made, progressively can connect by fostering
Becoming band, band is high outside and low outside, opens a ring ditch at a certain distance, and fish-scale pit also can be built in the place of severe water and soil erosion；Find
Be short of seedling, diseased plant, with after-culture in strong sprout of the same age, and strengthen management, make after-culture Seedling and forest land seedling uniform growth；Pruning, with whole
Type is main, light pruning Spindling control skill, and trunk controls to be advisable at 0.6-0.5 rice, promotes the growth of master skill, formed short from
So knob type and happy shape tree crown；Between plant and apply fertilizer, during young growth, utilize woodland space, green manuring, medical material, oil plant etc. are made
Thing, fosters with intertillage fertilising replacement, effectively controls miscellaneous filling growth, earth storing water and preserving fertility ability in raising.
The high yield cultivating method of oil tea the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described prevention and elimination of disease and pests, oil tea master
Disease to be prevented and treated is anthrax, prevention and controls: one is to combine Silvicultural Measures, removes source of disease；Two is the 7-9 month of onset peak period,
The tea bran water adding 2% with 1% Bordeaux mixture sprays 3-4 time, or with Tuzet wettable powder 500 times of liquid of 800 times of liquid 50% carbendazim
Even spray 4-5 time；The worm that oil tea mainly prevents and treats is coccid, tea oecophorid and camellia oleosa seed weevil；Oecophorid adult can lure tea with light
Kill, it is also possible to 90% 500 times of metrifonate liquid injects branch poisoning larva；To camellia oleosa seed weevil, with manually slaughtering or 90% enemy can be sprayed
Hundred worms 1000 are sprayed again；Coccid was sprayed with 1000 times of liquid of 40% omethoate in the 3-4 month.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610627932.8A CN106034961A (en) | 2016-08-04 | 2016-08-04 | Tea-oil-tree high-yield cultivating technological method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610627932.8A CN106034961A (en) | 2016-08-04 | 2016-08-04 | Tea-oil-tree high-yield cultivating technological method |
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| CN106034961A true CN106034961A (en) | 2016-10-26 |
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| CN201610627932.8A Pending CN106034961A (en) | 2016-08-04 | 2016-08-04 | Tea-oil-tree high-yield cultivating technological method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107535274A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-01-05 | 太湖县纯野生态茶油有限责任公司 | High yield oil tea implantation methods |
| CN109247172A (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2019-01-22 | 郭辰 | A kind of implantation methods of oil tea |
-
2016
- 2016-08-04 CN CN201610627932.8A patent/CN106034961A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109247172A (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2019-01-22 | 郭辰 | A kind of implantation methods of oil tea |
| CN107535274A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-01-05 | 太湖县纯野生态茶油有限责任公司 | High yield oil tea implantation methods |
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Application publication date: 20161026 |