CN105967777A - Fertilizer-free type melon and fruit cultivation organic medium - Google Patents
Fertilizer-free type melon and fruit cultivation organic medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN105967777A CN105967777A CN201610602482.7A CN201610602482A CN105967777A CN 105967777 A CN105967777 A CN 105967777A CN 201610602482 A CN201610602482 A CN 201610602482A CN 105967777 A CN105967777 A CN 105967777A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F1/00—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof
- C05F1/005—Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof from meat-wastes or from other wastes of animal origin, e.g. skins, hair, hoofs, feathers, blood
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of vegetable cultivation, in particular to a fertilizer-free type melon and fruit cultivation organic medium. The organic medium is prepared from, by mass, 28-40% of coconut powder, 20-25% of mushroom dregs, 13-19% of oyster shell powder, 26-29% of cultivation padding, or 20-30% of coconut powder, 20-25% of mushroom dregs, 5-10% of oyster shell powder, 16-19% of tea fines and 26-29% of cultivation padding. The obtained organic medium has the advantages of being good in water retention capacity, abundant in nutrient, strong in disease resistance and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of vegetable, especially cultivation matrix field, specially one exempts to execute
Fertile type melon and fruit class cultivation organic substrate.
Background technology
Melon-fruit-like vegetable is that a class growth is fast, result is many, happiness is fertile, the resistance to fertility of root system is weak, its growth
Cycle is 2-3 month, mainly include Fructus Cucurbitae moschatae, green cucumber, Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, Fructus Cucumidis sativi, Fructus Luffae,
Cucurbita maxima, Cucurbita pepo L. etc..Moisture and Soil nutritional condition are required stricter by melon-fruit-like vegetable.
Cultivation matrix refers to substitute soil environment and fixes the solid matrix of root system of plant, cultivation
Substrate can provide crop machinery to support and the solid dielectric of nutrient substance supply.Common conventional inorganic
Cultivation matrix have Vermiculitum, perlite, rock wool, sand, polyurethane etc.;Organic substrate have peat,
Rice hull carbon, bark etc..Vegetable substrate culture technology saves labor with it, water-saving saves fertile, high-quality height
Effect, environmental protection of low pollution and avoid the advantages such as continuous cropping obstacle the most gradually to be approved by numerous vegetable growers.But
There is water conservation the best, nutritional labeling release is too fast, and the later stage is difficult to meet melon-fruit-like vegetable to environment
Requirement.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention devise one exempt from fertilising type melon and fruit class cultivation have
Machine substrate, the feature such as have that water retention property is good, nutritious and stable release, resistance against diseases be strong.
This exempts from fertilising type melon and fruit class cultivation organic substrate is to use below scheme to realize:
One exempts from fertilising type melon and fruit class cultivation organic substrate, it is characterised in that: by weight/mass percentage composition
Calculating, the constituent of substrate is: coconut palm powder 28-40%, dreg 20-25%, sea oyster shells 13-19%,
Cultivation bedding and padding 26-29%.
Further, one exempts from fertilising type melon and fruit class cultivation organic substrate, it is characterised in that: by matter
Amount percentage composition calculates, and the constituent of substrate is, coconut palm powder 20-30%, dreg 20-25%, sea
Oyster shells 5-10%, Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder 16-19%, cultivate bedding and padding 26-29%.
Preferably, described coconut palm powder is coconut shell flour, and granularity is 0.1-0.3cm.
Preferably, the granularity of described sea oyster shells is 0.1-0.3cm.
Preferably, the making step exempting from fertilising type melon and fruit class cultivation organic substrate described in includes:
(1) coconut husk is reeled off raw silk from cocoons broken, screening, choosing the chip that granularity is 0.1-0.3cm is coconut palm
Powder, carries out desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching process by above-mentioned coconut palm powder, and the holding that then adds water is moistening, stacks fermentation maturity,
Make coconut palm powder;
(2) after taking the dead meal of Wood rot type edible fungi, i.e. edible fungi results, the culture medium of residual is given up
Gurry, adds probiotic bacteria, and the holding that adds water is moistening, stacks fermentation maturity, makes dreg;
(3) taking sea oyster shell, clean, broken, screening, choosing granularity is the broken of 0.1-0.3cm
Bits are as sea oyster shells;
(4) collect the tea waste residue steeped being dried, grind to form 150-200 purpose with grinder
Fine powder, the holding that adds water is moistening, stacks fermentation maturity, is fabricated to Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder;
(5) taking cultivation bedding and padding, the holding that adds water is moistening, stacks fermentation maturity, makes bedding and padding;
(6) by above-mentioned coconut palm powder, dreg, sea oyster shells, Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder, bedding and padding, by a certain amount of
Proportioning mix homogeneously, send into moulding machine, compressing.
Preferably, described probiotic bacteria includes actinomycetes, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, lactic acid
Any one or a few composition in bacterium, yeast, Kazakhstan time trichoderma.
Preferably, described cultivation bedding and padding are the plant's lifes using microorganism zero-emission fermentation bed process
The solid waste produced, primary raw material is the mixing bedding and padding of rice husk, coir, wherein contains pale purple
Paecilomyces varioti, two kinds of biocontrol microorganisms of avirulent Fusarium oxysporum.
Preferably, described coconut palm powder, dreg, sea oyster shells, Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder, the fermentation time of bedding and padding
Being 30-60 days, water content during fermentation is 40-60%.
One of the present invention exempts from fertilising type melon and fruit class cultivation organic substrate, has the advantage that
1, there is stronger water retention property.The happiness of melon and fruit class plant is wet, relatively big to water demand, if
Substrate arid can hinder the absorption of nutrient, and in the present invention, Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder good hygroscopicity, energy
Enough improve the water retention property of substrate, play the effect of water-retaining agent;Dreg and bedding and padding have substantial amounts of wood
Quality and cellulose, it may have open-textured speciality, have good water-permeable and air permeable, it is possible to
Good planting conditions is provided for melon and fruit class.
2, permeability is good, and substrate entirety equilibrium degree is high.The coir contained in bedding and padding, helps
In the crosslinking strengthened between matrix components, improve the bonding strength of its content, it is simple to root system is fixed;
The support strength of sea oyster shells is more preferable, but its gap is relatively big, is typically unfavorable for water conservation, and Folium Camelliae sinensis is thin
The interpolation of powder can be good at making up the gap between the oyster shells of sea so that the ventilative guarantor of whole substrate
The equilibrium degree of water reaches preferably level.
3, there is abundant nutritive value.This organic substrate is to cultivate for melon and fruit class, melon and fruit
Class plant is on nutritional need, and nitrogen, phosphorus, the demand of potassium are higher than other plant.In the present invention
In organic substrate, coconut palm powder has higher P elements and Determination of Potassium, and Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder contains higher
Nitrogen element, and bedding and padding have substantial amounts of organic matter and abundant nitrogen element, P elements, potassium element,
While dreg includes abundant mycelia and protein, also has abundant calcium constituent, P elements, potassium
Element, and various trace elements.Therefore, in technical scheme, melon and fruit class is being planted
Training technically provide not only the organic nutritioies such as a large amount of Hydrocarbon, cellulose, and provides
Sufficiently inorganic nutrients, have abundant nutrition and are worth, it is not necessary to additionally use other fertilizer.
4, nutritional labeling stably discharges.Traditional soil incubation needs periodically fertilising, needs to control
The concentration of the good material that applied fertilizer, otherwise easily causes burn seedlings.And the dreg in the substrate of the application contains
Probiotic bacteria, it is possible to utilize other compositions in substrate to carry out fermentating metabolism, as Exocarpium Citrulli contain sugar and
Several amino acids is available for growth of probiotics needs.Metabolite is constantly produced along with probiotics fermention,
These metabolites contain abundant nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, it is possible to provide nutrition for plant, and along with benefit
The poor growth of raw bacterium and stable release, play the effect of similar slow releasing agent, it is possible to ensure plant
The nutrient of abundance is all had, it is not necessary to fertilising ensures that in substrate containing steady in growth early stage and later stage
Determine the bio-feritlizer of content, while providing adequate nutrients for plant, avoid the situation of burn seedlings, convenient
Save worry.
5, resistance against diseases is strong.The Paecilomyces lilacinus that contains in the bedding and padding of the present invention, avirulent
Fusarium oxysporum, is a class biocontrol microorganisms, and Paecilomyces lilacinus has the powerful biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion energy killing nematicide;
Avirulent Fusarium oxysporum has the strongest inhibitory action to fungus;These biocontrol microorganisms can have
Pathogen in effect suppression substrate, reduces the probability that melon-fruit-like vegetable is caught an illness, and promotes that plant health is raw
Long.
6, there is suitable pH value.Coconut palm powder, coconut husk material, bedding and padding pH are acid, Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder,
Sea oyster shells, dreg pH value then aobvious alkalescence, by suitable proportioning, can make the pH value of substrate
In the range of the 5.5-6.5 of applicable plant growing.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with reality
Execute example, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that concrete reality described herein
Execute example only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
One exempts from fertilising type melon and fruit class cultivation organic substrate, calculates by weight/mass percentage composition, substrate
Constituent is, coconut palm powder 34%, dreg 22.5%, sea oyster shells 16%, cultivates bedding and padding 27.5%.
Its making step includes:
(1) coconut husk is reeled off raw silk from cocoons broken, screening, choosing the chip that granularity is 0.1-0.3cm is coconut palm
Powder, carries out desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching process by above-mentioned coconut palm powder, and the holding that then adds water is moistening, stacks fermentation maturity,
Make coconut palm powder;
(2) after taking the dead meal of Wood rot type edible fungi, i.e. edible fungi results, the culture medium of residual is given up
Gurry, adds nitrogen-fixing bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, and the holding that adds water is moistening, stacks fermentation maturity,
Make dreg;
(3) take sea oyster shell, rinse, after the potassium permanganate soaking disinfection of 0.1%, broken, sieve
Point, choose chip that granularity is 0.1-0.3cm as sea oyster shells;
(4) taking cultivation bedding and padding, the holding that adds water is moistening, stacks fermentation maturity, makes bedding and padding;
(5) by above-mentioned coconut palm powder, dreg, sea oyster shells, bedding and padding, mix by a certain amount of proportioning
Uniformly, send into moulding machine, compressing.
Above-mentioned coconut palm powder, dreg, sea oyster shells, the fermentation time of bedding and padding are 30 days, fermentation
Time water content be 40%.
Embodiment 2
One exempts from fertilising type melon and fruit class cultivation organic substrate, calculates by weight/mass percentage composition, substrate
Constituent is, coconut palm powder 20%, dreg 25%, sea oyster shells 10%, Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder 19%, cultivation
Bedding and padding 26%.
Its making step includes:
(1) coconut husk is reeled off raw silk from cocoons broken, screening, choosing the chip that granularity is 0.1-0.3cm is coconut palm
Powder, carries out desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching process by above-mentioned coconut palm powder, and the holding that then adds water is moistening, stacks fermentation maturity,
Make coconut palm powder;
(2) after taking the dead meal of Wood rot type edible fungi, i.e. edible fungi results, the culture medium of residual is given up
Gurry, adds nitrogen-fixing bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, and the holding that adds water is moistening, stacks fermentation maturity,
Make dreg;
(3) take sea oyster shell, rinse, after the potassium permanganate soaking disinfection of 0.1%, broken, sieve
Point, choose chip that granularity is 0.1-0.3cm as sea oyster shells;
(4) collect the tea waste residue steeped being dried, grind to form 150-200 purpose with grinder
Fine powder, the holding that adds water is moistening, stacks fermentation maturity, is fabricated to Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder;
(5) taking cultivation bedding and padding, the holding that adds water is moistening, stacks fermentation maturity, makes bedding and padding;
(6) by above-mentioned coconut palm powder, dreg, sea oyster shells, Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder, bedding and padding, by a certain amount of
Proportioning mix homogeneously, send into moulding machine, compressing.
Above-mentioned coconut palm powder, dreg, sea oyster shells, Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder, the fermentation time of bedding and padding are 45
My god, water content during fermentation is 50%.
Embodiment 3
One exempts from fertilising type melon and fruit class cultivation organic substrate, calculates by weight/mass percentage composition, substrate
Constituent is, coconut palm powder 25%, dreg 22.5%, sea oyster shells 7.5%, Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder 17.5%,
Cultivation bedding and padding 27.5%.
Its making step includes:
(1) coconut husk is reeled off raw silk from cocoons broken, screening, choosing the chip that granularity is 0.1-0.3cm is coconut palm
Powder, carries out desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching process by above-mentioned coconut palm powder, and the holding that then adds water is moistening, stacks fermentation maturity,
Make coconut palm powder;
(2) after taking the dead meal of Wood rot type edible fungi, i.e. edible fungi results, the culture medium of residual is given up
Gurry, adds nitrogen-fixing bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, and the holding that adds water is moistening, stacks fermentation maturity,
Make dreg;
(3) take sea oyster shell, rinse, after the potassium permanganate soaking disinfection of 0.1%, broken, sieve
Point, choose chip that granularity is 0.1-0.3cm as sea oyster shells;
(4) collect the tea waste residue steeped being dried, grind to form 150-200 purpose with grinder
Fine powder, the holding that adds water is moistening, stacks fermentation maturity, is fabricated to Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder;
(5) taking cultivation bedding and padding, the holding that adds water is moistening, stacks fermentation maturity, makes bedding and padding;
(6) by above-mentioned coconut palm powder, dreg, sea oyster shells, Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder, bedding and padding, by a certain amount of
Proportioning mix homogeneously, send into moulding machine, compressing.
Above-mentioned coconut palm powder, dreg, sea oyster shells, Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder, the fermentation time of bedding and padding are 30
My god, water content during fermentation is 40%.
Embodiment 4
One exempts from fertilising type melon and fruit class cultivation organic substrate, calculates by weight/mass percentage composition, substrate
Constituent is, coconut palm powder 30%, dreg 20%, sea oyster shells 5%, Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder 16%, cultivation
Bedding and padding 29%.
Its making step includes:
(1) coconut husk is reeled off raw silk from cocoons broken, screening, choosing the chip that granularity is 0.1-0.3cm is coconut palm
Powder, carries out desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching process by above-mentioned coconut palm powder, and the holding that then adds water is moistening, stacks fermentation maturity,
Make coconut palm powder;
(2) after taking the dead meal of Wood rot type edible fungi, i.e. edible fungi results, the culture medium of residual is given up
Gurry, adds nitrogen-fixing bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, and the holding that adds water is moistening, stacks fermentation maturity,
Make dreg;
(3) take sea oyster shell, rinse, after the potassium permanganate soaking disinfection of 0.1%, broken, sieve
Point, choose chip that granularity is 0.1-0.3cm as sea oyster shells;
(4) collect the tea waste residue steeped being dried, grind to form 150-200 purpose with grinder
Fine powder, the holding that adds water is moistening, stacks fermentation maturity, is fabricated to Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder;
(5) taking cultivation bedding and padding, the holding that adds water is moistening, stacks fermentation maturity, makes bedding and padding;
(6) by above-mentioned coconut palm powder, dreg, sea oyster shells, Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder, bedding and padding, by a certain amount of
Proportioning mix homogeneously, send into moulding machine, compressing.
Above-mentioned coconut palm powder, dreg, sea oyster shells, Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder, the fermentation time of bedding and padding are 60
My god, water content during fermentation is 60%.
Embodiment 5
Experiment: the cultivation bedding and padding containing biocontrol microorganisms and the cultivation bedding and padding without biocontrol microorganisms are contrasted
Test.The prevalence of the cucumber plant that different substrates under same environment grows is added up, result
Display: compared with common cultivation matrix, uses the cucumber plant of the substrate culture containing biocontrol microorganisms
Prevalence reduce 30.1%, and growing way is preferable.Visible, the disease-resistant energy of organic substrate of the present invention
Power is strong, it is possible to reduce the ill probability of cultivated melon-fruit-like vegetable, promotes melon-fruit-like vegetable health to become
Long.
The above, the only present invention preferably detailed description of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention
Being not limited thereto, any those familiar with the art is at the technology model that the invention discloses
In enclosing, the change that can readily occur in or replacement, all should contain within protection scope of the present invention.
Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. exempt from fertilising type melon and fruit class cultivation organic substrate for one kind, it is characterised in that: calculate by weight/mass percentage composition,
The constituent of substrate is: coconut palm powder 28-40%, dreg 20-25%, sea oyster shells 13-19%, cultivates bedding and padding
26-29%.
2. exempt from fertilising type melon and fruit class cultivation organic substrate for one kind, it is characterised in that: calculate by weight/mass percentage composition,
The constituent of substrate is, coconut palm powder 20-30%, dreg 20-25%, sea oyster shells 5-10%, Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder
16-19%, cultivates bedding and padding 26-29%.
One the most according to claim 1 and 2 exempts from fertilising type melon and fruit class cultivation organic substrate, its feature
Being: described coconut palm powder is coconut shell flour, granularity is 0.1-0.3cm.
One the most according to claim 1 and 2 exempts from fertilising type melon and fruit class cultivation organic substrate, its feature
It is: the granularity of described extra large oyster shells is 0.1-0.3cm.
5. exempting from fertilising type melon and fruit class cultivation organic substrate according to the arbitrary described one of claim 1-4, it is special
Levy and be: the making step of described organic substrate includes:
(1) coconut husk is reeled off raw silk from cocoons broken, screening, choosing the chip that granularity is 0.1-0.3cm is coconut palm powder, will
Above-mentioned coconut palm powder carries out desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching process, and the holding that then adds water is moistening, stacks fermentation maturity, makes coconut palm powder;
(2) the culture medium garbage remained after taking the dead meal of Wood rot type edible fungi, i.e. edible fungi results, adds
Adding one or more probiotic bacterias, the holding that adds water is moistening, stacks fermentation maturity, makes dreg;
(3) taking sea oyster shell, rinse, after potassium permanganate soaking disinfection, broken, screening, choosing granularity is
The chip of 0.1-0.3cm is as sea oyster shells;
(4) collect the tea waste residue steeped being dried, grind to form the fine powder of 150-200 mesh with grinder, add
Water keeps moistening, stacks fermentation maturity, is fabricated to Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder;
(5) taking cultivation bedding and padding, the holding that adds water is moistening, stacks fermentation maturity, makes bedding and padding;
(6) by above-mentioned coconut palm powder, dreg, sea oyster shells, Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder, bedding and padding, mix by a certain amount of proportioning
Close uniformly, send into moulding machine, compressing.
The method of fertilising type melon and fruit class cultivation organic substrate is exempted from making the most according to claim 5, and it is special
Levy and be: described probiotic bacteria includes actinomycetes, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeast
Bacterium, any one or a few composition breathed out in time trichoderma.
The method of fertilising type melon and fruit class cultivation organic substrate is exempted from making the most according to claim 5, and it is special
Levy and be: described cultivation bedding and padding are that the solid using the plant of microorganism zero-emission fermentation bed process to produce gives up
Gurry, primary raw material is the mixing bedding and padding of rice husk, coir, wherein contains Paecilomyces lilacinus, had no pathogenicity
Two kinds of biocontrol microorganisms of Fusarium oxysporum.
The method of fertilising type melon and fruit class cultivation organic substrate is exempted from making the most according to claim 5, and it is special
Levy and be: described coconut palm powder, dreg, sea oyster shells, Folium Camelliae sinensis fine powder, the fermentation time of bedding and padding are 30-60
My god, water content during fermentation is 40-60%.
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Cited By (4)
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CN107646616A (en) * | 2017-11-19 | 2018-02-02 | 广西仁泰生物科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of floriculture substrate |
CN107652093A (en) * | 2017-11-19 | 2018-02-02 | 广西仁泰生物科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of masson pine seedling medium |
CN107867931A (en) * | 2017-11-19 | 2018-04-03 | 广西仁泰生物科技有限公司 | Using White mushroom planting material of the padding for pig sty as primary raw material of giving up |
CN107912267A (en) * | 2017-11-19 | 2018-04-17 | 广西仁泰生物科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of Chinese fir seedling medium |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN107646616A (en) * | 2017-11-19 | 2018-02-02 | 广西仁泰生物科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of floriculture substrate |
CN107652093A (en) * | 2017-11-19 | 2018-02-02 | 广西仁泰生物科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of masson pine seedling medium |
CN107867931A (en) * | 2017-11-19 | 2018-04-03 | 广西仁泰生物科技有限公司 | Using White mushroom planting material of the padding for pig sty as primary raw material of giving up |
CN107912267A (en) * | 2017-11-19 | 2018-04-17 | 广西仁泰生物科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of Chinese fir seedling medium |
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Application publication date: 20160928 |