CN103964958A - Preparation method of special organic matrix for cherry tomatoes - Google Patents
Preparation method of special organic matrix for cherry tomatoes Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a special organic matrix for cherry tomatoes. The preparation method comprises the steps of fermentation treatment, air drying and crushing treatment, screening, cleaning and winnowing process treatment and the like on an organic matrix, wherein according to the prepared organic matrix disclosed by the invention, the total nitrogen content is 8-12 percent, the carbon content is 65-72 percent, the total sugar content is 8-12 percent, the reducing sugar content is 5-9 percent, the nicotine content is 1-1.8 percent and the humic acid content is 7-12 percent. With the adoption of the prepared organic matrix, the yield of the cherry tomatoes can be greatly increased, the quality is improved, and the occurrence of diseases can be effectively reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of making method of matrix, be specifically related to the organic culture substrate of cherry tomato.
Background technology
Organic mass cultivation is a kind of cultivation technique without soil developing on organic ecological soilless culture basis, different from organic ecological soilless culture is in substrate formula without inorganic matrix, and its organic substrate raw material is mainly from the biomass that produce in agricultural production process.Adopt organic mass cultivation, implement nutrition and the cultivation management of organic farming, can produce organic products.
Along with the raising of people's living standard, pollution-free food is liked by people, along with Cultivated Land Area Decrease, cultivation technique without soil is promoted gradually, soilless culture is conducive to reduce the generation of disease and pest, and soilless culture adopts wood sawdust, carbonized rice husks, rock wool, vermiculites etc. are made matrix, are difficult for carrying disease germs, and after using, be easy to comprehensively sterilize, blocked the propagation of soil disease and pest; The output of soilless culture is higher, substrate culture good permeability, and root system is particularly flourishing, and early spring, quick heating, grew rapidly, and early yield is high, and output exceeds 20%~30% than soil cultivation, and early, price is good in listing, and economic benefit is high.Organic farming is a kind of emerging high-efficient soilless culture mode, this kind of cultivation can be created good rhizospheric environment and space environment for the growth of vegetable crop, can effectively solve the old vegetable-growing area soil salinization, soil-borne disease is on the rise and vegetables physiological disturbance increases the weight of to wait the knotty problem of being badly in need of solution, make vegetable crop robust growth, disease-resistant, resistance strengthens, quality better, but some base starting material price comparisons are expensive, general vegetable grower is unwilling to accept, and the particle of matrix is relatively large, absorbs relatively slow; It is edible that cherry tomato mature fruit both can be used as vegetables, can be used as again fruit edible, unique flavor, nutritious, all there is plantation all parts of the country, are deeply subject to numerous growers and human consumer's favor, in recent years, China is many for the research of cherry tomato organic mass cultivation, and also has the research of a lot of organic substrate methods, but does not solve all the time the problem of cherry tomato to absorption of nutrient ingredients.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that the present invention mainly solves is to provide the preparation method of the special-purpose organic substrate of a kind of cherry tomato, realize the object that absorbs fast nutritive substance, and can effectively prevent some soil-borne diseases, for solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is:
A preparation method for the special-purpose organic substrate of cherry tomato, comprises the following steps:
(1) first by 40~42 parts of chicken manures, 30~36 parts of mushroom residues, 25~30 parts of cotton seed hullss, the corn stalk of 40~50 parts of pulverizing, the melon seedling of 4~8 parts, 12~18 parts of offals, 10~12 parts of peats composed of rotten mosses, after 6~8 parts of perlites and 3~5 parts of haydite compounds, be placed into the organic fertilizer fermentation bacterium that adds 1~3% in the fermentation vat that cement makes, with plastics film, cover and obturage, add suitable moisture, adjusting water content is 55~70%, C/N ratio is 30~40, with the static composting of the airtight with plastic film, make the abundant fermentation maturity of stalk, turning is for the first time carried out in composting on the 3rd day, turning in every 6 days later once, later stage is suitably reduced turning number of times, in composting process, piling body top temperature can reach more than 60 ℃, summer is even up to 70 ℃, when being tending towards envrionment temperature, heap temperature shows that it reaches the state of becoming thoroughly decomposed, fully after fermentation maturity, stalk is chocolate, complete when becoming thoroughly decomposed, regulating the pH value of matrix is 6.8~7.2, and the EC value of controlling matrix is 0.90~1.1mS/cm,
(2) by the matrix of fermentative processing air-dry to water ratio, be 5~8% to pulverize, until the length of various compositions is all less than 8mm in organic matter;
(3) by above-mentioned organic through sieving, clean and wind election process processing, the particle diameter that selection produces is less than the particle of 6mm;
(4) in above-mentioned particle, add 1~4% subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis, then packing is processed.
Make organic total nitrogen content and be 8~12%, carbon content 65~72%, total sugar content 8~12%, reducing sugar content 5~9%, nicotine content 1~1.8%, content of humic acid be 7~12%.
Above-mentioned subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis are with arbitrarily than mixing.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) product density is little, and quality is fluffy, and fertilizer efficiency is high, is easy to processing and uses.
(2) in the present invention, matrix has been carried out to pulverization process, and sieved, matrix granule diameter is little, and cherry tomato is cultivated wherein, and root contact gear ratio surface-area is larger, is beneficial to the quick absorption of nutrition.
(3) cherry tomato plant growing way of the present invention is strong, and disease resistance is strong, and fruit-setting rate is high, and output is high, and commodity value is high.
(4) trophic structure of matrix is reasonable, is convenient to the absorption of cherry tomato, for the growth of cherry tomato provides sufficient nutrient element, meets plant-growth needs.
(5) in matrix, add subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis, can effectively reduce the generation of disease.
Embodiment
Below preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, thereby so that advantages and features of the invention can be easier to be it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that, protection scope of the present invention is made to more explicit defining.
The embodiment of the present invention comprises:
Embodiment 1
A preparation method for the special-purpose organic substrate of cherry tomato, comprises the following steps:
(1) first by 40 parts of chicken manures, 30 parts of mushroom residues, 25 parts of cotton seed hullss, the corn stalk of 40 parts of pulverizing, the melon seedling of 4 parts, 12 parts of offals, 10 parts of peats composed of rotten mosses, after 6 parts of perlites and 3 parts of haydite compounds, be placed into the organic fertilizer fermentation bacterium that adds 1% in the fermentation vat that cement makes, with plastics film, cover and obturage, add suitable moisture, adjusting water content is 55%, C/N ratio is 30, with the static composting of the airtight with plastic film, make the abundant fermentation maturity of stalk, turning is for the first time carried out in composting on the 3rd day, turning in every 6 days later once, later stage is suitably reduced turning number of times, in composting process, piling body top temperature can reach more than 60 ℃, summer is even up to 70 ℃, when being tending towards envrionment temperature, heap temperature shows that it reaches the state of becoming thoroughly decomposed, fully after fermentation maturity, stalk is chocolate, complete when becoming thoroughly decomposed, regulating the pH value of matrix is 6.8, and the EC value of controlling matrix is 0.90mS/cm,
(2) by the matrix of fermentative processing air-dry to water ratio, be 5% to pulverize, until the length of various compositions is all less than 8mm in organic matter;
(3) by above-mentioned organic through sieving, clean and wind election process processing, the particle diameter that selection produces is less than the particle of 6mm;
(4) in above-mentioned particle, add 1% subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis, then packing is processed.
Make organic total nitrogen content and be 8%, carbon content 72%, total sugar content 8%, reducing sugar content 5%, nicotine content 1%, content of humic acid be 12%.
The weight ratio of above-mentioned subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis is 1:1.
Embodiment 2
A preparation method for the special-purpose organic substrate of cherry tomato, comprises the following steps:
(1) first by 41 parts of chicken manures, 33 parts of mushroom residues, 27 parts of cotton seed hullss, the corn stalk of 45 parts of pulverizing, the melon seedling of 6 parts, 15 parts of offals, 11 parts of peats composed of rotten mosses, after 7 parts of perlites and 4 parts of haydite compounds, be placed into the organic fertilizer fermentation bacterium that adds 2% in the fermentation vat that cement makes, with plastics film, cover and obturage, add suitable moisture, adjusting water content is 62%, C/N ratio is 35, with the static composting of the airtight with plastic film, make the abundant fermentation maturity of stalk, turning is for the first time carried out in composting on the 3rd day, turning in every 6 days later once, later stage is suitably reduced turning number of times, in composting process, piling body top temperature can reach more than 60 ℃, summer is even up to 70 ℃, when being tending towards envrionment temperature, heap temperature shows that it reaches the state of becoming thoroughly decomposed, fully after fermentation maturity, stalk is chocolate, complete when becoming thoroughly decomposed, regulating the pH value of matrix is 7, and the EC value of controlling matrix is 1.0mS/cm,
(2) by the matrix of fermentative processing air-dry to water ratio, be 6% to pulverize, until the length of various compositions is all less than 8mm in organic matter;
(3) by above-mentioned organic through sieving, clean and wind election process processing, the particle diameter that selection produces is less than the particle of 6mm;
(4) in above-mentioned particle, add 3% subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis, then packing is processed.
Make organic total nitrogen content and be 9.5%, carbon content 69%, total sugar content 10%, reducing sugar content 6%, nicotine content 1.3%, content of humic acid be 9%.
The weight ratio of above-mentioned subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis is 1:2.
Embodiment 3
A preparation method for the special-purpose organic substrate of cherry tomato, comprises the following steps:
(1) first by 42 parts of chicken manures, 36 parts of mushroom residues, 30 parts of cotton seed hullss, the corn stalk of 50 parts of pulverizing, the melon seedling of 8 parts, 18 parts of offals, 12 parts of peats composed of rotten mosses, after 8 parts of perlites and 5 parts of haydite compounds, be placed into the organic fertilizer fermentation bacterium that adds 3% in the fermentation vat that cement makes, with plastics film, cover and obturage, add suitable moisture, adjusting water content is 70%, C/N ratio is 40, with the static composting of the airtight with plastic film, make the abundant fermentation maturity of stalk, turning is for the first time carried out in composting on the 3rd day, turning in every 6 days later once, later stage is suitably reduced turning number of times, in composting process, piling body top temperature can reach more than 60 ℃, summer is even up to 70 ℃, when being tending towards envrionment temperature, heap temperature shows that it reaches the state of becoming thoroughly decomposed, fully after fermentation maturity, stalk is chocolate, complete when becoming thoroughly decomposed, regulating the pH value of matrix is 7.2, and the EC value of controlling matrix is 1.1mS/cm,
(2) by the matrix of fermentative processing air-dry to water ratio, be 8% to pulverize, until the length of various compositions is all less than 8mm in organic matter;
(3) by above-mentioned organic through sieving, clean and wind election process processing, the particle diameter that selection produces is less than the particle of 6mm;
(4) in above-mentioned particle, add 4% subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis, then packing is processed.
Make organic total nitrogen content and be 12%, carbon content 65%, total sugar content 12%, reducing sugar content 9%, nicotine content 1.8%, content of humic acid be 7%.
The weight ratio of above-mentioned subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis is 2:1.
By cherry tomato plant respectively in organic substrate in the present invention, but composition is identical through pulverizing, in matrix that screening is processed (CK1), comparative result is in Table 1:
Table 1: contrast 1
Title | Output increment rate (%) | Result time advance number of days (my god) |
Embodiment 1 | 25 | 6 |
Embodiment 2 | 41 | 10 |
Embodiment 3 | 34 | 12 |
From table 1, can learn, matrix of the present invention can make the output of cherry tomato be greatly enhanced, and because nutrition absorption is than very fast, makes result in advance, and this plantation tool for booth cherry tomato is of great significance.
Cherry tomato is planted respectively in the present invention to organic substrate neutralization and do not add subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis, all the other compositions are identical, and treatment process is (CK2) in identical matrix also, comparative result in Table
2: table 2: contrast 2
Title | Output increment rate (%) | Disease decrement (%) |
Embodiment 1 | 31 | 61 |
Embodiment 2 | 35 | 72 |
Embodiment 3 | 32 | 69 |
From contrasting 2, can find out, add subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis that the disease incidence of tomato is reduced greatly, thereby can effectively improve output.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby limit the scope of the claims of the present invention; every equivalent structure or conversion of equivalent flow process that utilizes description of the present invention to do; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a preparation method for the special-purpose organic substrate of cherry tomato, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) first by 40~42 parts of chicken manures, 30~36 parts of mushroom residues, 25~30 parts of cotton seed hullss, the corn stalk of 40~50 parts of pulverizing, the melon seedling of 4~8 parts, 12~18 parts of offals, 10~12 parts of peats composed of rotten mosses, after 6~8 parts of perlites and 3~5 parts of haydite compounds, be placed into the organic fertilizer fermentation bacterium that adds 1~3% in the fermentation vat that cement makes, with plastics film, cover and obturage, add suitable moisture, adjusting water content is 55~70%, C/N ratio is 30~40, with the static composting of the airtight with plastic film, make the abundant fermentation maturity of stalk, turning is for the first time carried out in composting on the 3rd day, turning in every 6 days later once, later stage is suitably reduced turning number of times, in composting process, piling body top temperature can reach more than 60 ℃, summer is even up to 70 ℃, when being tending towards envrionment temperature, heap temperature shows that it reaches the state of becoming thoroughly decomposed, fully after fermentation maturity, stalk is chocolate, complete when becoming thoroughly decomposed, regulating the pH value of matrix is 6.8~7.2, and the EC value of controlling matrix is 0.90~1.1mS/cm,
(2) by the matrix of fermentative processing air-dry to water ratio, be 5~8% to pulverize, until the length of various compositions is all less than 8mm in organic matter;
(3) by above-mentioned organic through sieving, clean and wind election process processing, the particle diameter that selection produces is less than the particle of 6mm;
(4) in above-mentioned particle, add 1~4% subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis, then packing is processed.
2. the making method of the special-purpose organic substrate of cherry tomato according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the total nitrogen content 8~12% of described organic matter, carbon content 65~72%, total sugar content 8~12%, reducing sugar content 5~9%, nicotine content 1~1.8%, content of humic acid are 7~12%.
3. the making method of the special-purpose organic substrate of cherry tomato according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the subtilis in described step (4) and Bacillus licheniformis are with arbitrarily than mixing.
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CN104402550A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-03-11 | 陈凯 | Preparation method of organic substrate special for andrographis paniculata |
CN104446910A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-03-25 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Biological organic seedling nursing substrate and preparation method thereof |
CN104446706A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-03-25 | 陈凯 | Method for preparing special organic substrate for cucumbers |
CN105036900A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-11-11 | 曾少兰 | Preparation method of organic matrix special for bitter gourd |
CN105110838A (en) * | 2015-07-20 | 2015-12-02 | 孙晨 | Organic fertilizer special for tomatoes and preparation method thereof |
CN105272409A (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2016-01-27 | 临沂大学 | Cherry tomato culture medium and preparation method thereof |
CN105330469A (en) * | 2015-10-31 | 2016-02-17 | 颍上县润海畜禽养殖有限公司 | Fertilizer special for cherry tomatoes |
CN105967777A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-09-28 | 厦门市江平生物基质技术股份有限公司 | Fertilizer-free type melon and fruit cultivation organic medium |
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CN108605614A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2018-10-02 | 句容市绿润苗木有限公司 | The mound layering method of large cherry stock folium isatidis |
CN108605552A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2018-10-02 | 句容市绿润苗木有限公司 | The grafting cultivation method of organic cherry tomato |
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CN110521542A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-12-03 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of cherry and tomato matrix formulations |
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CN104446910A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-03-25 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Biological organic seedling nursing substrate and preparation method thereof |
CN104446706A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-03-25 | 陈凯 | Method for preparing special organic substrate for cucumbers |
CN104402550A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-03-11 | 陈凯 | Preparation method of organic substrate special for andrographis paniculata |
CN105036900A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-11-11 | 曾少兰 | Preparation method of organic matrix special for bitter gourd |
CN105110838A (en) * | 2015-07-20 | 2015-12-02 | 孙晨 | Organic fertilizer special for tomatoes and preparation method thereof |
CN106431591A (en) * | 2015-08-04 | 2017-02-22 | 张掖市经济作物技术推广站 | Tomato seedling growing matrix and production method thereof |
CN106431591B (en) * | 2015-08-04 | 2020-01-10 | 张掖市经济作物技术推广站 | Tomato seedling culture substrate and preparation method thereof |
CN105272409A (en) * | 2015-10-09 | 2016-01-27 | 临沂大学 | Cherry tomato culture medium and preparation method thereof |
CN105330469A (en) * | 2015-10-31 | 2016-02-17 | 颍上县润海畜禽养殖有限公司 | Fertilizer special for cherry tomatoes |
CN106069677A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-11-09 | 何颖 | A kind of breeding method of tomato plants |
CN105967777A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-09-28 | 厦门市江平生物基质技术股份有限公司 | Fertilizer-free type melon and fruit cultivation organic medium |
CN106281338A (en) * | 2016-08-08 | 2017-01-04 | 新疆天物生态科技股份有限公司 | A kind of biotype saline-alkali soil conditioner and preparation method thereof |
CN106831043A (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2017-06-13 | 李晓光 | A kind of tomato soilless culture substrate |
CN108605614A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2018-10-02 | 句容市绿润苗木有限公司 | The mound layering method of large cherry stock folium isatidis |
CN108605552A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2018-10-02 | 句容市绿润苗木有限公司 | The grafting cultivation method of organic cherry tomato |
CN108605548A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2018-10-02 | 句容市绿润苗木有限公司 | Vine hard branch anvil connects the propagation method of spray |
CN110521542A (en) * | 2019-09-02 | 2019-12-03 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of cherry and tomato matrix formulations |
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Application publication date: 20140806 |