A kind of organic tea cultural method
Technical field
The present invention relates to similar arboriculture technical field, be specifically related to a kind of organic tea cultural method.
Background technology
Organic tea, is a kind of pollution-free, Folium Camelliae sinensis of pure natural carrying out production and processing according to organic agriculture ground method, in its production process, does not the most use the materials such as the chemical fertilizer of any synthetic, pesticide, plant growth regulator.
Frequently with organic tea planting type have two kinds, be organic farming and quasi-organic farming respectively.The most do not use chemical fertilizer, pesticide ground planting type during organic farming, and unpolluted organic fertilizer must be used completely, and use natural method to prevent pest and disease damage.Permit in the range of a definite limitation during quasi-organic farming, use some chemical fertilizer and hypotoxicity pesticide, but product still can not have the planting type that any chemical pesticide remains.
But, in actual cultivation, tea grower is for obtaining maximum economic benefit, it is typically to buy organic fertilizer outside to apply fertilizer, organic tea energy fast-growth is made to obtain flourishing, increase economic well-being of workers and staff, but trace back to the preparation of fertilizer, can add in the preparation process of fertilizer in the production process that certain chemical article carries out fermenting or joining other links of fertilizer;Then after using this fertilizer, the most also have residual.Additionally, when running into pest and disease damage, also can take quickly, easily mode prevent and treat, this relates to use appropriate hypotoxicity pesticide to prevent and treat, so in the course of cultivation, for increasing some measures that economic benefit is taked, it has been slightly offset original definition of organic tea cultivation, the organic tea gathered still has pesticide residues, the most difficult requirement meeting organic tea and standard.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the technical problem of above-mentioned existence, it is provided that a kind of natural ecological, free of contamination organic tea cultural method.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides following technical scheme: a kind of organic tea cultural method, comprises the following steps:
After step one, the preparation of organic fertilizer: collect the residual branch that drops in Camellia sinensis the previous year and lose leaf, with animal waste mixed fermentation standby as organic fertilizer;
Step 2, selection of land, whole: select towards south to soil, gentle slope;Remove weeds, stone, then deep ploughing 50~60cm, and soil block is smashed uniformly fine earth;
Step 3, strip a field in chemical fertilizer: in selected soil, uniformly sow one or more in Semen Brassicae campestris, sunflower seeds, wheat seed;After Brassica campestris L, Helianthi or Semen Tritici aestivi are gathered, then soil carries out ploughing deeply 50~60cm, and soil block is smashed uniformly fine earth;
Step 4, basal dressing, turn over: organic fertilizer step one prepared uniformly is shed on soil, turns over the most again, makes organic fertilizer and mixing with soil;
Step 5, rise furrow, dig cave: having carried out furrow on selected soil, furrow width 1.5m, furrow width 1m, furrow face is domed;Then digging cave on the center line of furrow face, cave spacing is 1.5~2m, and acupoint depth is 0.5~1m;
Step 6, select Seedling, transplanting: mid-April, select rhizome complete, without pest and disease damage, high 0.3~the tea shoot of 0.5m, transplanting carries out field planting to cave;
Step 7, field management: (1) topdresses: during tea shoot length to 1~1.3m, shed the organic fertilizer that step one prepares around tea shoot, and the amount of shedding is 600~1000kg/ mus;(2) in tea place, some yellow plates are laid;(3) decocted into drug decoction after buying Chinese crude drug Herba Taraxaci, Flos Chrysanthemi and Herba Menthae mixing, is uniformly sprayed at medicine soup Camellia sinensis trunk and Folium Camelliae sinensis front and the Folium Camelliae sinensis back side, within 30~40 days, sprays once, within first 20 days, stops spraying to Folium Camelliae sinensis of gathering.
The invention have the benefit that (1) the inventive method uses homemade organic fertilizer, the residual branch dropped in collection Camellia sinensis loses after leaf mixes with the feces of domestic animal and ferments, the organic fertilizer obtained does not contains Inorganic chemical composition, fully utilized residual branch loses the fertilizer as cultivation organic tea of the natural nutrient in leaf and feces, on the one hand, make in the organic tea of cultivation without Inorganic chemical composition, meet the requirement of organic tea cultivation;On the other hand, natural, ecological chain in formation, turn waste into wealth, make resource high-efficiency recycle.(2) first on selected soil, Brassica campestris L is planted the previous year at plantation tea shoot or/and Helianthi is or/and Semen Tritici aestivi, these crops are utilized the most easily to survive, increase extra economic benefit, mainly these crops are still utilized the chemical fertilizer remained in soil, pesticide etc. to be absorbed, make soil obtain the effect of cleaning, make basis for later stage cultivation organic tea.(3) according to the characteristic of the insect pest being commonly present in tea place, tea place is laid yellow plate, it is therefore an objective to play the effect of physics insect protected, it is to avoid use chemical pesticide to carry out insect protected.(4) the medicine soup boiled after utilizing Flos Chrysanthemi, Herba Taraxaci and Herba Menthae mixing sprays Camellia sinensis, plays anthelminthic effect equally.
Generally speaking the present invention, has reached to remove chemical fertilizer and the purpose of pesticide of residual soil from source, uses full-natural nutritive fertilizer to carry out cultivating, Chinese medicine and physical method carry out the Advantageous Effects of insect protected, anthelmintic, it is thus achieved that pure natural high-quality organic tea.
Further, in the step 4 of organic tea cultural method of the present invention, the amount of shedding of organic fertilizer is 1000~1500kg/ mus.Meet fertile amount abundance, it is ensured that Folium Camelliae sinensis is obtained in that the economic benefit gathered.
Further, in the step 7 of organic tea cultural method of the present invention, adjacent yellow plate spacing is 2~3m.On the premise of ensureing that anthelminthic effect is more preferably, reduce the yellow plate laid in soil as far as possible, reduce workload and reduce the input of resource.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, technical solution of the present invention is described further:
Embodiment 1: a kind of organic tea cultural method, comprises the following steps:
After step one, the preparation of organic fertilizer: collect the residual branch that drops in Camellia sinensis the previous year and lose leaf, with animal waste mixed fermentation standby as organic fertilizer;
Step 2, selection of land, whole: select towards south to soil, gentle slope;Remove weeds, stone, then deep ploughing 50~60cm, and soil block is smashed uniformly fine earth;
Step 3, strip a field in chemical fertilizer: in selected soil, uniformly sow Semen Brassicae campestris, after Brassica campestris L is gathered, then soil carry out ploughing deeply 50~60cm, and soil block is smashed uniformly fine earth;
Step 4, basal dressing, turn over: organic fertilizer step one prepared uniformly is shed on soil, and the amount of shedding of organic fertilizer is 1000~1500kg/ mus, turns over the most again, makes organic fertilizer and mixing with soil;
Step 5, rise furrow, dig cave: having carried out furrow on selected soil, furrow width 1.5m, furrow width 1m, furrow face is domed;Then digging cave on the center line of furrow face, cave spacing is 2m, and acupoint depth is 0.5~1m;
Step 6, select Seedling, transplanting: mid-April, select rhizome complete, without pest and disease damage, high 0.3~the tea shoot of 0.5m, transplanting carries out field planting to cave;
Step 7, field management: (1) topdresses: during tea shoot length to 1~1.3m, shed the organic fertilizer that step one prepares around tea shoot, and the amount of shedding is 800kg/ mu;(2) laying some yellow plates in tea place, adjacent yellow plate spacing is 2m;(3) decocted into drug decoction after buying Chinese crude drug Herba Taraxaci, Flos Chrysanthemi and Herba Menthae mixing, is uniformly sprayed at medicine soup Camellia sinensis trunk and Folium Camelliae sinensis front and the Folium Camelliae sinensis back side, within 40 days, sprays once, within first 20 days, stops spraying to Folium Camelliae sinensis of gathering.
Embodiment 2: a kind of organic tea cultural method, comprises the following steps:
After step one, the preparation of organic fertilizer: collect the residual branch that drops in Camellia sinensis the previous year and lose leaf, with animal waste mixed fermentation standby as organic fertilizer;
Step 2, selection of land, whole: select towards south to soil, gentle slope;Remove weeds, stone, then deep ploughing 50~60cm, and soil block is smashed uniformly fine earth;
Step 3, strip a field in chemical fertilizer: in selected soil, uniformly sow sunflower seeds, after Helianthi is gathered, then soil carry out ploughing deeply 50~60cm, and soil block is smashed uniformly fine earth;
Step 4, basal dressing, turn over: organic fertilizer step one prepared uniformly is shed on soil, and the amount of shedding of organic fertilizer is 1000~1500kg/ mus, turns over the most again, makes organic fertilizer and mixing with soil;
Step 5, rise furrow, dig cave: having carried out furrow on selected soil, furrow width 1.5m, furrow width 1m, furrow face is domed;Then digging cave on the center line of furrow face, cave spacing is 1.5m, and acupoint depth is 0.5~1m;
Step 6, select Seedling, transplanting: mid-April, select rhizome complete, without pest and disease damage, high 0.3~the tea shoot of 0.5m, transplanting carries out field planting to cave;
Step 7, field management: (1) topdresses: during tea shoot length to 1~1.3m, shed the organic fertilizer that step one prepares around tea shoot, and the amount of shedding is 600kg/ mu;(2) laying some yellow plates in tea place, adjacent yellow plate spacing is 3m;(3) decocted into drug decoction after buying Chinese crude drug Herba Taraxaci, Flos Chrysanthemi and Herba Menthae mixing, is uniformly sprayed at medicine soup Camellia sinensis trunk and Folium Camelliae sinensis front and the Folium Camelliae sinensis back side, within 35 days, sprays once, within first 20 days, stops spraying to Folium Camelliae sinensis of gathering.
Embodiment 3: a kind of organic tea cultural method, comprises the following steps:
After step one, the preparation of organic fertilizer: collect the residual branch that drops in Camellia sinensis the previous year and lose leaf, with animal waste mixed fermentation standby as organic fertilizer;
Step 2, selection of land, whole: select towards south to soil, gentle slope;Remove weeds, stone, then deep ploughing 50~60cm, and soil block is smashed uniformly fine earth;
Step 3, strip a field in chemical fertilizer: in selected soil, uniformly sow wheat seed, after Semen Tritici aestivi is gathered, then soil carry out ploughing deeply 50~60cm, and soil block is smashed uniformly fine earth;
Step 4, basal dressing, turn over: organic fertilizer step one prepared uniformly is shed on soil, and the amount of shedding of organic fertilizer is 1000~1500kg/ mus, turns over the most again, makes organic fertilizer and mixing with soil;
Step 5, rise furrow, dig cave: having carried out furrow on selected soil, furrow width 1.5m, furrow width 1m, furrow face is domed;Then digging cave on the center line of furrow face, cave spacing is 1.5m, and acupoint depth is 0.5~1m;
Step 6, select Seedling, transplanting: mid-April, select rhizome complete, without pest and disease damage, high 0.3~the tea shoot of 0.5m, transplanting carries out field planting to cave;
Step 7, field management: (1) topdresses: during tea shoot length to 1~1.3m, shed the organic fertilizer that step one prepares around tea shoot, and the amount of shedding is 1000kg/ mu;(2) laying some yellow plates in tea place, adjacent yellow plate spacing is 3m;(3) decocted into drug decoction after buying Chinese crude drug Herba Taraxaci, Flos Chrysanthemi and Herba Menthae mixing, is uniformly sprayed at medicine soup Camellia sinensis trunk and Folium Camelliae sinensis front and the Folium Camelliae sinensis back side, within 30 days, sprays once, within first 20 days, stops spraying to Folium Camelliae sinensis of gathering.
For a person skilled in the art, on the premise of without departing from present configuration, it is also possible to make some deformation and improvement, these also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention, and these are all without affecting effect and the practical applicability that the present invention implements.