CN105724026A - Radix gentianae dahuricae cultivation method - Google Patents
Radix gentianae dahuricae cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105724026A CN105724026A CN201610129864.2A CN201610129864A CN105724026A CN 105724026 A CN105724026 A CN 105724026A CN 201610129864 A CN201610129864 A CN 201610129864A CN 105724026 A CN105724026 A CN 105724026A
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- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 241000290619 Gentiana dahurica Species 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000089795 Clausena lansium Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000008738 Clausena lansium Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 thickness 3~5mm Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000967320 Gentianella quinquefolia Species 0.000 description 1
- DUAGQYUORDTXOR-GPQRQXLASA-N Gentiopicrin Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](C=C)C2=CCOC(=O)C2=CO1 DUAGQYUORDTXOR-GPQRQXLASA-N 0.000 description 1
- DUAGQYUORDTXOR-WULZUDSJSA-N Gentiopicrin Natural products O([C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1)[C@H]1[C@@H](C=C)C=2C(C(=O)OCC=2)=CO1 DUAGQYUORDTXOR-WULZUDSJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010023126 Jaundice Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000024780 Urticaria Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012567 medical material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002831 pharmacologic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000003068 rheumatic fever Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000008827 tuberculosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Transplanting Machines (AREA)
Abstract
A radix gentianae dahuricae cultivation method comprises the following steps of land selection and preparation, sowing and seedling raising, transplanting, field management, pest control and prevention, harvesting and processing.Introduction and domestication are performed on radix gentianae dahuricae wild resources, large-scale artificial cultivation is achieved, normalized and standardized production technology is promoted, rapid growth needed by radix gentianae dahuricae is met, and resource sustainable utilization of the radix gentianae dahuricae is maintained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of plant growing technology, specifically a kind of Gentiana dahurica cultural method.
Background technology
Gentiana dahurica, latin name GentianadahuricaFisch., also known as Da Wuli Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae, for Gentianaceae agueweed, is one of important Chinese medicine of China.Main product is in NORTHWEST CHINA, big portion, North China.Its dry root is used as medicine, and is mainly composed of gentiopicrin, is one of principal agents of disease such as treatment tuberculosis, jaundice, urticaria, rheumatic arthritis, has important development and application values.Increase along with the pharmacologic agent further investigation of Gentiana dahurica and clinical practice amount, substantial amounts of being ransacked of property of wild resource is excavated, and the seed of Gentiana dahurica is tiny, itself cannot store nutrient, germination rate under field conditions (factors) is low, causing Gentiana dahurica wild resource endangered, can not meet far away the demand in market, commodity price also once rose.Therefore must carry out introduction and acclimatization, extensive artificial culture, and promote regulation and standardization production technology, to meet the Gentiana dahurica market demand, maintain its resources.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of Gentiana dahurica cultural method, by artificial introduction and acclimatization, it is possible to realize regulation and standardization and produce cultivation, meet quickly the increasing of Gentiana dahurica demand, maintain its resources.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows: a kind of Gentiana dahurica cultural method, comprises the following steps:
(1) selection of land is wholely: make seedbed according to landform, seedbed length 6～8m, wide 1.5～2.0m, and ridge, along 20～25cm, carries out whole in transplanting autumn the previous year, and soil ploughing depth 20～40cm, every mu applies well-rotted farmyard manure 2000～3000kg；
(2) seeding and seedling raising: select to sow to mid-July in mid-June, sowing employing is broadcasted sowing, seed mixes dry sand, mixes husky amount 10～20 times, covers one layer of fine sand, thickness 3～5mm, water permeable in time, kept seedbed to moisten before not emerging, at face, seedbed overlying straw screen or mat or shade net, seedling removes straw screen or mat or shade net, application rate every mu 2kg after being unearthed；After planting, keeping seedbed moistening, when Seedling has 6～8 compound leaves, carry out thinning and final singling, thinning standard is every mu 32～350,000 strains after seedling, Seedling spacing 6～8cm, line space 10cm；
(3) transplant: in mid-March to lifting mid-April, selecting fine day to carry out grading heeling in, transplant in batches, a ridge a line, every cave one strain, line-spacing is 15～20cm, and spacing in the rows is 8～10cm；
(4) gather: just have during alabastrum and excavate, take advantage of fresh removing LU, carry out hitting skin, remove supracutaneous Clausena lansium (Lour.) Skeels, casting skin, expose milky, be bundled into wisp, dry.
Step (1) described selection of land is select high-land, draining is good, penetration is strong, level of ground water is low sandy loam or alluvial soil wholely.
Step (1) described selection of land be wholely mountain area and upper level select physical features on the sunny side, soil layer is deep, the soil is porous, fertile, water-permeable and air permeable is good and penetration is strong sandy loam, the native or front stubble of grit planted the soil of Semen Tritici aestivi, Semen Maydis.
The seed quality of step (2) described seeding and seedling raising requires: selecting the wild Gentiana dahurica seed that mid-September the previous year to early October gathers, seed vigor is not less than 40%, and germination percentage is not less than 35%, and cleanliness is not less than 95%.
Step (2) described seeding and seedling raising is prior to seeding seed to be hidden process, and before frozen soil, selection draining is good, shady spot digs pit, and seed is uniformly loaded straw bag with avenging to puddle by 1:3, places in cheating, bury with snow, take out when sowing.
Step (2) described seeding and seedling raising is the sandy loam selecting to have row irrigation condition, autumn turns over, build up wide furrow, furrow length 6～10m, wide 3m, high 10～the 15cm of furrow, after carrying out furrow, every mu applies the farm manure 3000kg fully become thoroughly decomposed or biological organic fertilizer 500kg and makes base fertilizer, turns over and makes soil heavy real.
The present invention has the prominent advantages that:
(1) adopt the type of seeding of culturing and transplanting seedlings, there is the generation finished product medical material cycle shorter, density can be increased by directional transplant and improve mu strain number, reduce the outstanding advantages of cost, improve seedling quality.
(2) present invention realizes the introduction and acclimatization of wild Gentiana dahurica first, and root yield reaches per mu yield more than 200 kilograms, it is achieved that scale, standardization produce, and meet the needs on market.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, technical scheme is further illustrated.
Embodiment 1
One example of Gentiana dahurica cultural method of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
1, selection of land is wholely: level land selection high-land, the sandy loam that draining is good, penetration is strong, level of ground water is low or alluvial soil, bottom is made according to landform, seedbed length 6～8m, wide 1.5～2.0m, ridge is along 20～25cm, in transplant carry out autumn the previous year whole, soil ploughing depth 20～40cm, every mu applies well-rotted farmyard manure 2000kg；
2, Seedling breeding is broadcast:
(1) seed quality requires: select the wild Gentiana dahurica seed that mid-September the previous year to early October gathers.Seed vigor is not less than 40%, and germination percentage is not less than 35%, and cleanliness is not less than 95%；
(2) seed treatment: seed hides process before broadcasting, before frozen soil, selection draining is good, shady spot digs pit, and seed is uniformly loaded straw bag with avenging to puddle by 1:3, places in cheating, bury with snow, take out before sowing；
(3) nursery lot selects to prepare with seedbed: selecting the sandy loam having row irrigation condition, autumn turns over, and builds up wide furrow, furrow length 6～10m, wide 3m, the high 10～15cm of furrow, after carrying out furrow, every mu applies the farm manure 3000kg fully become thoroughly decomposed and makes base fertilizer, turns over and makes soil heavy real, and leveling rake is thin；
(4) sowing: sow to mid-July in mid-June, sowing employing is broadcasted sowing, and seed mixes dry sand, mixes husky amount 20 times, covers one layer of fine sand, thickness 5mm, water permeable in time, keeps seedbed to moisten before not emerging.Should at face, seedbed overlying straw screen or mat or shade net, seedling removes straw screen or mat or shade net, application rate every mu 2kg in time after being unearthed；
(5) nursery bed management: after planting, keeps seedbed moistening, when Seedling has 6～8 compound leaves, carries out thinning and final singling, and thinning standard is every mu 32～350,000 strains after seedling, Seedling spacing 6～8cm, line space 10cm；
3, transplanting: mid-March to lifting mid-April, select fine day to carry out grading heeling in, transplant in batches, a ridge a line, every cave one strain, line-spacing is 15～20cm, and spacing in the rows is 8～10cm.
4, pick and process: just have during alabastrum and excavate, take advantage of fresh removing LU, carries out hitting skin, removes supracutaneous Clausena lansium (Lour.) Skeels, casting skin etc., expose milky, be bundled into wisp, dry.
Embodiment 2
Another example of Gentiana dahurica cultural method of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
1, selection of land is wholely: mountain area select physical features on the sunny side, soil layer is deep, the soil is porous, fertile, water-permeable and air permeable is good and penetration is strong sandy loam, the native or front stubble of grit planted the soil of Semen Tritici aestivi, Semen Maydis, bottom is made according to landform, seedbed length 6～8m, wide 1.5～2.0m, ridge is along 20～25cm, in transplant carry out autumn the previous year whole, soil ploughing depth 20～40cm, every mu applies well-rotted farmyard manure 3000kg；
2, Seedling breeding is broadcast:
(1) seed quality requires: select the wild Gentiana dahurica seed that mid-September the previous year to early October gathers.Seed vigor is not less than 40%, and germination percentage is not less than 35%, and cleanliness is not less than 95%；
(2) seed treatment: seed hides process before broadcasting, before frozen soil, selection draining is good, shady spot digs pit, and seed is uniformly loaded straw bag with avenging to puddle by 1:3, places in cheating, bury with snow, take out before sowing；
(3) nursery lot selects to prepare with seedbed: selecting the sandy loam having row irrigation condition, autumn turns over, and builds up wide furrow, furrow length 6～10m, wide 3m, the high 10～15cm of furrow, after carrying out furrow, every mu applies the farm manure 3000kg fully become thoroughly decomposed and makes base fertilizer, turns over and makes soil heavy real, and leveling rake is thin；
(4) sowing: sow to mid-July in mid-June, sowing employing is broadcasted sowing, and seed mixes dry sand, mixes husky amount 10 times, covers one layer of fine sand, thickness 3mm, water permeable in time, keeps seedbed to moisten before not emerging.Should at face, seedbed overlying straw screen or mat or shade net, seedling removes straw screen or mat or shade net, application rate every mu 2kg in time after being unearthed；
(5) nursery bed management: after planting, keeps seedbed moistening, when Seedling has 6～8 compound leaves, carries out thinning and final singling, and thinning standard is every mu 32～350,000 strains after seedling, Seedling spacing 6～8cm, line space 10cm；
3, transplanting: mid-March to lifting mid-April, select fine day to carry out grading heeling in, transplant in batches, a ridge a line, every cave one strain, line-spacing is 15～20cm, and spacing in the rows is 8～10cm；
4, pick and process: just have during alabastrum and excavate, take advantage of fresh removing LU, carries out hitting skin, removes supracutaneous Clausena lansium (Lour.) Skeels, casting skin etc., expose milky, be bundled into wisp, dry.
Embodiment 3
Another example of Gentiana dahurica cultural method of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
1, selection of land is wholely: upper level select physical features on the sunny side, soil layer is deep, the soil is porous, fertile, water-permeable and air permeable is good and penetration is strong sandy loam, the native or front stubble of grit planted the soil of Semen Tritici aestivi, Semen Maydis, bottom is made according to landform, seedbed length 6～8m, wide 1.5～2.0m, ridge is along 20～25cm, in transplant carry out autumn the previous year whole, soil ploughing depth 20～40cm, every mu applies well-rotted farmyard manure 3000kg；
2, Seedling breeding is broadcast:
(1) seed quality requires: select the wild Gentiana dahurica seed that mid-September the previous year to early October gathers.Seed vigor is not less than 40%, and germination percentage is not less than 35%, and cleanliness is not less than 95%；
(2) seed treatment: seed hides process before broadcasting, before frozen soil, selection draining is good, shady spot digs pit, and seed is uniformly loaded straw bag with avenging to puddle by 1:3, places in cheating, bury with snow, take out before sowing；
(3) nursery lot selects to prepare with seedbed: selecting the sandy loam having row irrigation condition, autumn turns over, and builds up wide furrow, furrow length 6～10m, wide 3m, the high 10～15cm of furrow, after carrying out furrow, every mu applies biological organic fertilizer 500kg and makes base fertilizer, turns over and makes soil heavy real, and leveling rake is thin；
(4) sowing: sow to mid-July in mid-June, sowing employing is broadcasted sowing, and seed mixes dry sand, mixes husky amount 15 times, covers one layer of fine sand, thickness 4mm, water permeable in time, keeps seedbed to moisten before not emerging.Should at face, seedbed overlying straw screen or mat or shade net, seedling removes straw screen or mat or shade net, application rate every mu 2kg in time after being unearthed；
(5) nursery bed management: after planting, keeps seedbed moistening, when Seedling has 6～8 compound leaves, carries out thinning and final singling, and thinning standard is every mu 32～350,000 strains after seedling, Seedling spacing 6～8cm, line space 10cm；
3, transplanting: mid-March to lifting mid-April, select fine day to carry out grading heeling in, transplant in batches, a ridge a line, every cave one strain, line-spacing is 15～20cm, and spacing in the rows is 8～10cm；
4, pick and process: just have during alabastrum and excavate, take advantage of fresh removing LU, carries out hitting skin, removes supracutaneous Clausena lansium (Lour.) Skeels, casting skin etc., expose milky, be bundled into wisp, dry.
Claims (6)
1. a Gentiana dahurica cultural method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) selection of land is wholely: make seedbed according to landform, seedbed length 6～8m, wide 1.5～2.0m, and ridge, along 20～25cm, carries out whole in transplanting autumn the previous year, and soil ploughing depth 20～40cm, every mu applies well-rotted farmyard manure 2000～3000kg；
(2) seeding and seedling raising: select to sow to mid-July in mid-June, sowing employing is broadcasted sowing, seed mixes dry sand, mixes husky amount 10～20 times, covers one layer of fine sand, thickness 3～5mm, water permeable in time, kept seedbed to moisten before not emerging, at face, seedbed overlying straw screen or mat or shade net, seedling removes straw screen or mat or shade net, application rate every mu 2kg after being unearthed；After planting, keeping seedbed moistening, when Seedling has 6～8 compound leaves, carry out thinning and final singling, thinning standard is every mu 32～350,000 strains after seedling, Seedling spacing 6～8cm, line space 10cm；
(3) transplant: in mid-March to lifting mid-April, selecting fine day to carry out grading heeling in, transplant in batches, a ridge a line, every cave one strain, line-spacing is 15～20cm, and spacing in the rows is 8～10cm；
(4) gather: just have during alabastrum and excavate, take advantage of fresh removing LU, carry out hitting skin, remove supracutaneous Clausena lansium (Lour.) Skeels, casting skin, expose milky, be bundled into wisp, dry.
2. Gentiana dahurica cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step (1) described selection of land is select high-land, draining is good, penetration is strong, level of ground water is low sandy loam or alluvial soil wholely.
3. Gentiana dahurica cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step (1) described selection of land be wholely mountain area and upper level select physical features on the sunny side, soil layer is deep, the soil is porous, fertile, water-permeable and air permeable is good and penetration is strong sandy loam, the native or front stubble of grit planted the soil of Semen Tritici aestivi, Semen Maydis.
4. Gentiana dahurica cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the seed quality of step (2) described seeding and seedling raising requires: select the wild Gentiana dahurica seed that mid-September the previous year to early October gathers, seed vigor is not less than 40%, germination percentage is not less than 35%, and cleanliness is not less than 95%.
5. Gentiana dahurica cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step (2) described seeding and seedling raising is prior to seeding seed to be hidden process, before frozen soil, selection draining is good, shady spot digs pit, and seed is uniformly loaded straw bag with avenging to puddle by 1:3, places in cheating, bury with snow, take out when sowing.
6. Gentiana dahurica cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step (2) described seeding and seedling raising is the sandy loam selecting to have row irrigation condition, autumn turns over, and builds up wide furrow, furrow length 6～10m, wide 3m, high 10～the 15cm of furrow, after carrying out furrow, every mu applies the farm manure 3000kg fully become thoroughly decomposed or biological organic fertilizer 500kg and makes base fertilizer, turns over and makes soil heavy real.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106332634A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-01-18 | 刘政武 | Large-leaved gentian low-altitude autumn-sowing seedling-strengthening breeding method |
| CN109452118A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-03-12 | 内蒙古科技大学包头医学院 | A kind of radix gentiane dahuvicae type of seeding |
| CN110235724A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2019-09-17 | 甘肃九州润康生物科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of gentianae macrophyllae |
| CN110800563A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-02-18 | 贵州凤冈众康生物科技有限公司 | Planting method of gentiana macrophylla |
| CN111011136A (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-04-17 | 云南中烟新材料科技有限公司 | Artificial planting method for gentiana pseudolarix |
| CN111345210A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-06-30 | 玉龙县鲁甸山芸药业有限责任公司 | Breeding and planting method of gentiana macrophylla |
| CN111527822A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-08-14 | 内蒙古医科大学 | Treatment method, artificial planting and wild tending method of gentiana dabryi seeds |
| CN113632690A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-11-12 | 丽江华利生物开发药业有限公司 | Cultivation method of gentiana crassicaulis, roots of gentiana crassicaulis and application of roots |
| CN114097543A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-03-01 | 锡林郭勒盟蒙医医院(锡林郭勒盟蒙医研究所、锡林浩特市人民医院) | Introduction and domestication cultivation method and application of gentianella acuta |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106332634A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-01-18 | 刘政武 | Large-leaved gentian low-altitude autumn-sowing seedling-strengthening breeding method |
| CN110235724A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2019-09-17 | 甘肃九州润康生物科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of gentianae macrophyllae |
| CN109452118A (en) * | 2018-11-02 | 2019-03-12 | 内蒙古科技大学包头医学院 | A kind of radix gentiane dahuvicae type of seeding |
| CN111011136A (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-04-17 | 云南中烟新材料科技有限公司 | Artificial planting method for gentiana pseudolarix |
| CN110800563A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-02-18 | 贵州凤冈众康生物科技有限公司 | Planting method of gentiana macrophylla |
| CN111345210A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-06-30 | 玉龙县鲁甸山芸药业有限责任公司 | Breeding and planting method of gentiana macrophylla |
| CN111527822A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-08-14 | 内蒙古医科大学 | Treatment method, artificial planting and wild tending method of gentiana dabryi seeds |
| CN111527822B (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2021-12-10 | 内蒙古医科大学 | Treatment method, artificial planting and wild tending method of gentiana dabryi seeds |
| CN113632690A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-11-12 | 丽江华利生物开发药业有限公司 | Cultivation method of gentiana crassicaulis, roots of gentiana crassicaulis and application of roots |
| CN113632690B (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2022-12-23 | 丽江华利生物开发药业有限公司 | Cultivation method of gentiana crassicaulis, roots of gentiana crassicaulis and application of roots |
| CN114097543A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-03-01 | 锡林郭勒盟蒙医医院(锡林郭勒盟蒙医研究所、锡林浩特市人民医院) | Introduction and domestication cultivation method and application of gentianella acuta |
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