CN105660127B - A kind of chrysanthemum culturing method - Google Patents
A kind of chrysanthemum culturing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105660127B CN105660127B CN201610055569.7A CN201610055569A CN105660127B CN 105660127 B CN105660127 B CN 105660127B CN 201610055569 A CN201610055569 A CN 201610055569A CN 105660127 B CN105660127 B CN 105660127B
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- chrysanthemum
- cuttings
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- plant
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of chrysanthemum culturing methods for exempting from cuttage link, main includes preparing cuttings maternal plant, site preparation does furrow, furrow face trench digging, cuttings acquisition, bottom of trench field planting, overlay film takes off film, flat ditch hilling, for meeting simplified chrysanthemum breeding process, save the cost, save the needs of production time, during chrysanthemum plant, the cuttage stage is combined into one aspect with transplanting process and has one's own knack, by to the direct Field planting of chrysanthemum cuttings of not taking root, it is long to can solve the chrysanthemum seedling early growth period, it is long to transplant seedling-slowing stage, there is the problem of mechanical damage in transplanting process, both the time is saved, ensure that florists chrysanthemum seedling full stand is prosperous, the plant process is convenient, simply, it is economical, the plenty of time can be saved, it is a kind of chrysanthemum culturing method being simple and efficient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to plant culture more particularly to a kind of chrysanthemum culturing methods.
Background technique
Chrysanthemum is a kind of widely used floral materials, and application is related to the industries such as gardens, pharmacy, Tea Industry, fragrance, is answered
With extensive, cultivated area is very big, needs a large amount of chrysanthemum seedlings.
Currently, the breeding of chrysanthemum is generally based on cuttage.Traditional chrysanthemum cuttage need to generally be equipped with special cutting bed, entirely
Process is generally divided into cuttage and transplanting two parts, and wherein the cuttage stage lasts about 15-20 days, and transplants in the process not after taking root
There is a certain proportion of loss avoidablely, and there are the seedling-slowing stage of long period, the complicated multiplicity of cuttage program, in the mistake of breeding
It is influenced in journey by more uncontrollable factor, increases chrysanthemum breeding cost.
Summary of the invention
In view of above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of chrysanthemum culturing methods, numerous to save
Trivial cuttage process and transplanting seedling-slowing stage, improves the survival rate of chrysanthemum breeding.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention program includes:
A kind of chrysanthemum culturing method comprising following steps:
A, acquire cuttings: evil bud around the mother plant for cutting of chrysanthemum it is long to 15cm when, clip evil bud top band terminal bud and
Length is the branch of 10cm as cuttings；
B, site preparation does furrow: selection last year enters the sand loam deep ploughed before the winter, is high ridge, the high 25- of furrow in mid or late March
30cm, furrow face wide 30cm, two furrow spacing 90-100cm do uniline plant；
C, furrow face is ditched: being ditched in furrow face, ditch depth 15cm, ditch bottom angle is 30 ° -45 °, is poured toward the centre of ditch
Water, and be subject to and rush not fall two lateral sulcus weirs；
D, bottom of trench is colonized: after under ditch bottom water is seeped completely, the waddy for selecting diameter to be coarser than cuttings will be inserted in bottom of trench jack
Fringe is inserted directly into hole, and cuttings embedded depth accounts for about the 2/3 of cutting length, and strain spacing is 10cm；
E, overlay film: in furrow face plastic covering film, the both ends of film and two sides compacting；
F, take off film: cuttings field planting is irregularly punched with waddy on a plastic film with after plastic covering film 10 days,
When 70% or more cuttings top vane reaches plastic film lower surface, then plastic film is taken off gradually, at this time chrysanthemum seedling root
System has developed complete；
G, flat ditch hilling: as florists chrysanthemum seedling top blade 5cm above higher than ditch weir, inside flat ditch hilling is transferred to chrysanthemum
Normal field management.
The chrysanthemum culturing method, wherein before step A further include: chrysanthemum duration of flowering label is corresponding to adopt fringe mother
Strain, after blossom fall, at native face 15cm, by mother plant for cutting stump, stump maternal plant can be as you were, a winter water is watered with, to fall
Leaf, straw screen or mat, film or chaff ash cover antifreezing heat insulation, and only stem upper end 3cm is exposed, to keep corresponding mother plant for cutting it is not dry it is not wet,
The not hot normal hibernation state that do not freeze, do not take out tender shoots.
Cuttage stage and transplanting process are closed two during chrysanthemum plant by a kind of chrysanthemum culturing method provided by the invention
It is one, by the way that can solve with the direct Field planting of chrysanthemum cuttings of not taking root, the chrysanthemum seedling early growth period is long, transplants seedling-slowing stage
Long, transplanting process occurs the problem of mechanical damage, both saving the time, ensures that florists chrysanthemum seedling full stand is prosperous, eliminates cumbersome
Cuttage process does not transplant seedling-slowing stage, and planting percent reaches 98% or more, survives than traditional cuttage-transplanting method breeding chrysanthemum
Rate improves 5%-10%, ensure that full stand and healthy seedling, and due to no special cuttage process, save the time, saved life
Produce cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that chrysanthemum cultivates high ridge in the present invention；
It is the schematic diagram of furrow face trench digging and watering that Fig. 2, which is in the present invention,；
Fig. 3 is that cuttings of not taking root in the present invention is directly colonized the schematic diagram of bottom of trench；
Fig. 4 is that 70% or more seedling top vane reaches the film gradually capable schematic diagram for taking off film in the present invention；
It is the schematic diagram of flat ditch hilling that Fig. 5, which is in the present invention,；
It is the schematic diagram for being transferred to normal field management that Fig. 6, which is in the present invention,.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of chrysanthemum culturing method, for make the purpose of the present invention, technical solution and effect it is clearer,
Clear, the present invention is described in more detail below.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only used to explain this
Invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
The present invention provides a kind of chrysanthemum culturing methods comprising following steps:
Acquire cuttings: evil bud around the mother plant for cutting of chrysanthemum it is long to 15cm when, clip evil bud top band terminal bud and length
Degree is the branch of 10cm as cuttings；
Site preparation does furrow: selection last year enters the sand loam deep ploughed before the winter, does high ridge in mid or late March, the high 25-30cm of furrow,
Furrow face wide 30cm, two furrow spacing 90-100cm do uniline plant；
Furrow face trench digging: ditching in furrow face, and ditch depth 15cm, the bottom angle of ditch is 30 ° -45 °, is poured toward the centre of ditch
Water, and be subject to and rush not fall two lateral sulcus weirs；
Bottom of trench field planting: after under ditch bottom water is seeped completely, diameter is selected to be coarser than the waddy of cuttings, in bottom of trench jack, by cuttings
It is inserted directly into hole, cuttings embedded depth accounts for about the 2/3 of cutting length, and strain spacing is 10cm；
Overlay film: in furrow face plastic covering film, the both ends of film and two sides compacting；
Take off film: cuttings is irregularly punched with waddy, with after plastic covering film 10 days when 70% on a plastic film
When the above cuttings top vane reaches plastic film lower surface, then plastic film is taken off gradually, chrysanthemum seedlings root has been at this time
Development is complete；
Flat ditch hilling: as florists chrysanthemum seedling top blade 5cm above higher than ditch weir, inside flat ditch hilling is being transferred to chrysanthemum just
Normal field management.
Certainly when cuttings acquires, more specifically: chrysanthemum duration of flowering marks corresponding mother plant for cutting, after blossom fall,
At native face 15cm, by mother plant for cutting stump, stump maternal plant can be as you were, a winter water is watered with, with fallen leaves, straw screen or mat, film
Or chaff ash covers antifreezing heat insulation, only stem upper end 3cm is exposed, to keep corresponding mother plant for cutting is not dry not wet, not hot do not freeze, do not take out
The normal hibernation state of tender shoots waits the growth of the evil bud of mother plant for cutting.
In order to which the present invention is described in further detail, it is exemplified below more detailed explanation.
(1) prepare mother plant for cutting:
The selection and preservation such as well-established law of mother plant for cutting.Chrysanthemum duration of flowering requires selection mother plant for cutting to be hung according to kind
Card mark is not picked flowers, after blossom fall, at native face 15cm, by mother plant for cutting stump.Stump maternal plant can be as you were, is watered with primary
Winter water covers antifreezing heat insulation with fallen leaves, straw screen or mat, film, chaff ash etc., and only stem upper end 3cm is exposed, is conducive to plant breathing；?
Entire root system can all be dug out, the dried-up fibrous root trimming that will rot is cleaned out, and is concentrated in immigration greenhouse overwintering.Overwintering period note
Meaning temperature will most avoid canopy temperature mistake at 5 DEG C hereinafter, to keep not doing not wet, the not hot normal hibernation state that do not freeze, do not take out tender shoots
Height, soil ponding.
(2) site preparation does furrow:
As shown in Figure 1, sand loam is selected, Yu Qunian applies enough abundant decomposed manures before entering the winter and deep ploughs, next
Year, mid or late March did high ridge, and the high 25-30cm of furrow, furrow face wide 30cm, two furrow distance 90-100cm do uniline plant, and furrow are long to appoint
Meaning.It is required that furrow face is smooth, no brick rubble, without big lump of earth.(also can furrow face wide 50cm, two furrow distance 120cm, every furrow do
Duplicate rows plant.)
(3) furrow face is ditched:
It is as shown in Figure 2, it ditches in furrow face, ditch depth 15cm, ditch is in " V "-shape, with plastic flexible pipe to ditch bottom central part
Position watering, avoids washing away two lateral sulcus weirs as far as possible, can be colonized cuttings of not taking root after water seeps down completely.
(4) cuttings is acquired:
Evil bud around mother plant for cutting is long to 15cm, and clip evil bud top, as cuttings, cuts off fringe bar with terminal bud 10cm
The leaf below of lower part 2/3 only retains the leaf more than at terminal bud and top 1/3.Every 100 fringe bars, which are tied up, is placed on 800 times
Impregnated 5 minutes in soluble Bravo solution, after by fringe bar base portion 1/3 immerse 1 500 μ L/L+NAA of IBA, 800 μ L/L solution
Middle immersion 5s, drains away the water spare.
(5) bottom of trench is colonized:
As shown in Figure 3, after under ditch bottom water is seeped completely, diameter is selected slightly to be coarser than the waddy of fringe bar, it, will in bottom of trench jack
Fringe bar is inserted directly into hole, and fringe bar embedded depth accounts for about the 2/3 of cuttings length, presses lightly on fringe bar surrounding soil so that its with
Soil particle comes into full contact with.Spacing in the rows 10cm (also can according to kind with product type depending on).
(6) overlay film:
It is covered with plastic film, both ends and two sides compacting.And every 0.5 meter or so, a little soil is put, on film to prevent thin
Film is blown afloat.
(7) film is taken off:
As shown in Figure 4, after 10 days, fringe bar starts to take root.It is irregularly punched with waddy on a plastic film, to prevent in film
Temperature is excessively high to be caused to burn.When 70% or more cuttings top vane reaches film, chrysanthemum seedlings root has been developed completely at this time,
Film can be taken off gradually.Film can not be disposably taken off, it is withered otherwise to easily lead to seedling.Depending on soil moisture content, if soil is partially dry, preferably
Moisturizing is such as in ditch.
(8) flat ditch hilling:
As shown in figs. 5 and 6, when florists chrysanthemum seedling is higher than the above 5cm of earth bank, inside flat ditch hilling is transferred to normal management.
Before flat ditch hilling, slow-release fertilizer can be imposed, with guarantee in a long time in florists chrysanthemum seedling growth course should divide it is in liberal supply.Hereafter
Chrysanthemum can be transferred to normal management.
Certainly, described above is only that presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is answered the present invention is not limited to enumerate above-described embodiment
When explanation, anyone skilled in the art is all equivalent substitutes for being made, bright under the introduction of this specification
Aobvious variant, all falls within the essential scope of this specification, ought to be by protection of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of chrysanthemum culturing method comprising following steps:
A, acquire cuttings: evil bud around the mother plant for cutting of chrysanthemum it is long to 15cm when, clip evil bud top band terminal bud and length
For 10cm branch as cuttings；
B, site preparation does furrow: selection last year enters the sand loam deep ploughed before the winter, does high ridge, the high 25-30cm of furrow, furrow in mid or late March
The wide 30cm in face, two furrow spacing 90-100cm, does uniline plant；
C, furrow face is ditched: it ditches in furrow face, ditch depth 15cm, ditch bottom angle is 30 ° -45 °, and it waters toward the centre of ditch, and
It is subject to and rushes not fall two lateral sulcus weirs；
D, bottom of trench is colonized: after under ditch bottom water is seeped completely, diameter is selected to be coarser than the waddy of cuttings, it is in bottom of trench jack, cuttings is straight
It connects and inserts in the hole, cuttings embedded depth accounts for about the 2/3 of cutting length, and strain spacing is 10cm；
E, overlay film: in furrow face plastic covering film, the both ends of film and two sides compacting；
F, take off film: cuttings field planting is irregularly punched with waddy on a plastic film with after plastic covering film 10 days, when
When 70% or more cuttings top vane reaches plastic film lower surface, then plastic film is taken off gradually, at this time chrysanthemum seedlings root
It has developed complete；
G, flat ditch hilling: as florists chrysanthemum seedling top blade 5cm above higher than ditch weir, it is normal to be transferred to chrysanthemum for inside flat ditch hilling
Field management.
2. chrysanthemum culturing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that before step A further include: chrysanthemum florescence
Between mark corresponding mother plant for cutting, after blossom fall, at native face 15cm, by mother plant for cutting stump, stump maternal plant is as you were, is watered with
Winter water covers antifreezing heat insulation with fallen leaves, straw screen or mat, film or chaff ash, and only stem upper end 3cm is exposed, and correspondence to be kept to adopt fringe
Maternal plant does not do not wet, the not hot normal hibernation state that do not freeze, do not take out tender shoots.
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| CN201610055569.7A CN105660127B (en) | 2016-01-27 | 2016-01-27 | A kind of chrysanthemum culturing method |
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| CN201610055569.7A CN105660127B (en) | 2016-01-27 | 2016-01-27 | A kind of chrysanthemum culturing method |
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| CN106359048A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-01 | 安徽国丰农业科技发展有限公司 | Rapid seedling raising method of chrysanthemum |
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| JP2003199425A (en) * | 2001-02-21 | 2003-07-15 | Noriko Takeda | Method for cultivating plant on artificial culture soil comprising water-absorbing polymer, water-holding body for plant, method for usage for producing the body, root- rotten inhibitor, method for inhibiting root-rotten by the inhibitor, and water retentive agent and method for retaining water |
| CN102792830A (en) * | 2011-05-24 | 2012-11-28 | 江苏骏马农林科技股份有限公司 | Time-saving and labour-saving cultivation method for chrysanthemum cut flower |
| CN103283473A (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2013-09-11 | 江苏骏马农林科技股份有限公司 | Chrysanthemum cutting rapid rooting method |
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- 2016-01-27 CN CN201610055569.7A patent/CN105660127B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| JP2003199425A (en) * | 2001-02-21 | 2003-07-15 | Noriko Takeda | Method for cultivating plant on artificial culture soil comprising water-absorbing polymer, water-holding body for plant, method for usage for producing the body, root- rotten inhibitor, method for inhibiting root-rotten by the inhibitor, and water retentive agent and method for retaining water |
| CN102792830A (en) * | 2011-05-24 | 2012-11-28 | 江苏骏马农林科技股份有限公司 | Time-saving and labour-saving cultivation method for chrysanthemum cut flower |
| CN103283473A (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2013-09-11 | 江苏骏马农林科技股份有限公司 | Chrysanthemum cutting rapid rooting method |
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