CN103875380A - Cut-flower chrysanthemum morifolium seedling breeding and cultivating method - Google Patents
Cut-flower chrysanthemum morifolium seedling breeding and cultivating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103875380A CN103875380A CN201310730389.0A CN201310730389A CN103875380A CN 103875380 A CN103875380 A CN 103875380A CN 201310730389 A CN201310730389 A CN 201310730389A CN 103875380 A CN103875380 A CN 103875380A
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Abstract
The invention provides a cut-flower chrysanthemum morifolium seedling breeding and cultivating method. The cut-flower chrysanthemum morifolium seedling breeding and cultivating method includes steps of root cutting, breeding, planting and growth management, and is characterized in that during root cutting, adopting a scion stem long in 10cm, disposing the entire scion stem in the following rooting liquids including distilled water+0.4-0.6mg/L of IBA (indole butyric acid)+0.4-0.6mg/L of NAA (naphthalene acetic acid)+3-4ml/L of azoxystrobin+2-3ml/L of gold ridomil, and cutting after soaking for 10-15 minutes. The scion stem which is long is easy to root, root distribution is uniform and strong, bacteria carried with the stem are effectively killed, cuttage diseases are reduced, death rate at the seedling stage is decreased, cut-flower quality is kept constant, the time from cuttage seedling planting to cut-flower harvesting lasts 70 days, and five batches of the cut-flower chrysanthemum morifolium can be continuously produced in a year. Besides, rot of the seedlings is reduced, death rate is decreased to 2-3%, and plants are strong and healthy, so that yield of the cut-flower is increased to 75-90%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of bull Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium seedling breeding, cultivation method, belong to breeding plant and culture technique field.
Background technology
The large-scale production of bull Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium is used the fringe bar of 6cm to carry out cuttage conventionally, through breed take root and seedling after, transplant planting, then through nourishing and growing, after reproductive growth, can gather by cut-flower.The required time of gathering from field planting to cut-flower is 85 days, and the anniversary can be produced at most 4 batches of bull Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifoliums continuously, and easy rotten seedling after kind transplantation of seedlings, and death rate is generally 5-8%, and when cut-flower is gathered, qualification rate (containing 2L, L, M, S totally 4 grades) is only 55-60%.By every batch of every 667m of bull Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium
2plant 3.47 ten thousand strain meters, annual every 667m
2plant 13.88 ten thousand strains, but ten thousand of the cut-flower 7.6-8.3 of can only gathering, 50 yen of every Cut-flower evaluations, annual every 667m
2ten thousand yen of creation of value 380-415, are roughly equal to ten thousand yuan of RMB 23-25; Ten thousand yen of loss 279-314, are roughly equal to ten thousand yuan of RMB 16.7-18.8, and its economic loss is apparent.Tracing it to its cause is mainly to use the fringe bar of 6cm to carry out cuttage, because fringe bar is too small, easily causes cuttage failure, if but use long fringe bar to be difficult for taking root, even if take root, Root Distribution is also inhomogeneous, overall root system is poor, affects late growing stage.Therefore must be improved prior art, to improve cut-flower output, be ensured the economic interests of enterprise and flower-grower's income, be promoted the great development of the industry of flowers and plants.
Summary of the invention
Production cycle of existing for existing bull Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium is long, Expenses Cost is high, go out that colored rate is low, deficiency in economic performance, flower-grower are taken in low, affect the problems such as this industry of flowers and plants sustainable development, the invention provides a kind of effective shortening Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium production cycle, improve the Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium seedling breeding, the cultivation method that colored rate and cut-flower quality.
The present invention completes by following technical proposal: a kind of Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium seedling breeding, cultivation method, comprise cuttage, breed, field planting, growth management step, while it is characterized in that cuttage, adopt 10cm fringe bar, and fringe bar complete stool is placed in to the golden thunder of the Amici reach+2-3 ml/L of NAA+3-4ml/L of IBA+0.4-0.6mg/L of following taking root liquid: distilled water+0.4-0.6mg/L, soak and carry out cuttage after 10-15 minute.
Described 10cm fringe bar gather after through following method processing: remove after the blade in fringe bar base portion 2cm, pack in freshness protection package, send into temperature and be in the freezer of 2-5 DEG C and preserve and process 7 days.
Described cuttage, to breed be that in the peat composed of rotten mosses matrix that is 0-10mm by 10cm tloig-cutlage in fibre length, controlling the cuttage degree of depth is 2cm, waters immediately permeable after cuttage; In surrounding air humidity more than 90%, day temperature is that 25-28 DEG C, nocturnal temperature are that 15-18 DEG C, intensity of illumination are that 70-100Lx, light application time are under the condition of 16 hours/day, after breeding and taking root to base portion; Be that 25-28 DEG C, nocturnal temperature are that 15-18 DEG C, light application time are that 16 hours/day, intensity of illumination are under 70-100Lx condition in surrounding air humidity at 70-80%, day temperature again, breed 18-22 days, obtain transplanted seedling.
Described field planting is that temperature is that 22-27 DEG C, nocturnal temperature are that 17-19 DEG C, intensity of illumination are that 70-100Lx, light application time are under the condition of 16 hours/day by day, makes plant vegetative growth to being highly 25-35cm; Temperature is that 22-27 DEG C, nocturnal temperature are that 17-19 DEG C, intensity of illumination are that 70-100Lx, light application time are under the condition of 10 hours/day by day again, continued growth to plant height is 80-90cm, and when the flower bud differentiation on plant top, petal formation, dew look, opening (taking time as 42-45 days), the bull Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium of gathering to obtain.
The present invention specifically passes through the following step:
1) the fringe bar that is 10cm by the length of gathering, removes the blade in base portion 2cm, pack with freshness protection package, and to keep fringe bar humidity, every packed 52, each carton fills 40 bags, sends into temperature and is in the freezer of 2-5 DEG C and preserve processing 7 days;
2) the fringe bar of taking-up step 1), the golden thunder of the Amici that complete stool is put into NAA+3-4ml/L of IBA+0.4-0.6mg/L of following taking root liquid: distilled water+0.4-0.6mg/L reach+2-3 ml/L, soaks 10-15 minute;
3) take out step 2) immersion fringe bar, in the peat composed of rotten mosses matrix that cuttage is 0-10mm in fibre length, described peat composed of rotten mosses matrix is seated in the hole of seedling-cultivating tray, soak tloig-cutlage in the central authorities in hole, each cave, the cuttage degree of depth is 2cm, waters immediately permeable after cuttage completes;
4) seedling-cultivating tray of step 3) is placed on seedbed, more than keeping seedbed air humidity to 90% by atomization sprinkling irrigation mode, and make not form water droplet on blade and flow in matrix, temperature be daytime 25-28, night 15-18, intensity of illumination be that 70-100Lx, light application time are under the condition of 16 hours/day, breed to base portion and take root;
5) seedling of taking root of step 4) is continued seedbed air humidity be 70-80%, temperature be daytime 25-28, night 15-18, intensity of illumination be that 70-100Lx, light application time are under the condition of 16 hours, breed 18-22 days, obtain transplanted seedling;
6), the transplanted seedling of field planting step 5), temperature be daytime 22-27, night 17-19, intensity of illumination be that 70-100Lx, light application time are under the condition of 16 hours/day, make plant vegetative growth, water routinely during this time, supplement fertilizer;
7) in the time that the plant strain growth of step 6) is extremely highly 25-35cm, temperature be daytime 22-27, night 17-19, intensity of illumination be that 70-100Lx, light application time are under the condition of 10 hours/day, continue to allow plant strain growth, water routinely during this time, supplement fertilizer, until plant height is 80-90cm, and the flower bud differentiation on plant top, petal form, reveal look, opening, the bull Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium of gathering to obtain.
After processing by taking root liquid of the present invention, long fringe bar is easily taken root, and Root Distribution is even, root system is strong, effectively kills the germ that fringe bar carries simultaneously, reduces cuttage disease, reduces seedling stage dead seedling rate.Guaranteeing under the constant prerequisite of cut-flower quality, making cuttage seeding field planting is only 70 days to the cut-flower required time of gathering, shorten compared to existing technology 15 day time, anniversary can be produced 5 batches of Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifoliums continuously, and reduce rotten seedling seedling stage, death rate is reduced to 2-3%, add robust plant, improved cut-flower quality, make cut-flower qualification rate bring up to 75-90%(actual do not accomplish so high, also 80% left and right just, Europe, our level is at 70%-75%), reduce production cost, improve facility utilization ratio, for flowers enterprise increases economic benefit, increase flower-grower's income simultaneously.
embodiment
Be convenient to understand better the present invention, but be not limited to the present invention, below by embodiment, the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment carries out following seedling breeding, cultivation taking the bull Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium kind ' Mona Lisa ' purchased from Dutch Dekker chrysanthemum breeding company as examination material:
1, the fringe bar that is 10cm by the length of gathering, removes the blade in base portion 2cm, pack with freshness protection package, and to keep fringe bar humidity, every packed 52, each carton fills 40 bags, sends into temperature and is in the freezer of 2 DEG C and preserve processing 7 days;
2, the fringe bar that takes out step 1, the golden thunder of reach+2 ml/L of the Amici that complete stool is put into NAA+3ml/L of IBA+0.4mg/L of following taking root liquid: distilled water+0.4mg/L, soaks 10 minutes;
3, the immersion fringe bar that takes out step 2, in the peat composed of rotten mosses matrix that cuttage is 1mm in fibre length, described peat composed of rotten mosses matrix is seated in the hole of seedling-cultivating tray, soaks tloig-cutlage in the central authorities in hole, each cave, and the cuttage degree of depth is 2cm, waters immediately permeable after cuttage completes;
4, the seedling-cultivating tray of step 3 is placed on seedbed, more than keeping seedbed air humidity to 90% by atomization sprinkling irrigation mode, and make not form water droplet on blade and flow in matrix, temperature is that 25 DEG C, nocturnal temperature are that 15 DEG C, intensity of illumination are that 100Lx, light application time are under the condition of 16 hours/day by day, breeds to base portion and takes root;
5, the seedling of taking root of step 4 is continued to be 70% in seedbed air humidity, day temperature is that 25 DEG C, nocturnal temperature are that 15 DEG C, intensity of illumination are that 100Lx, light application time are, under the condition of 16 hours/day, to breed 18-22 days, obtains transplanted seedling;
6, the transplanted seedling of field planting step 5, temperature is that 22 DEG C, nocturnal temperature are that 17 DEG C, intensity of illumination are that 100Lx, light application time are under the condition of 16 hours/day by day, make plant vegetative growth extremely highly for 25cm(required time is 18 days), water routinely during this time, supplement fertilizer;
7, the plant that is 25cm by the height of step 6, temperature is 22 DEG C by day, nocturnal temperature is 17 DEG C, intensity of illumination is 100Lx, light application time is under the condition of 10 hours/day, continued growth, water routinely during this time, supplement fertilizer, until plant height is 80cm, and the flower bud differentiation on plant top, petal forms, reveal look, when open (take time is 42 days), the bull Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium of gathering to obtain, so operation, in anniversary, can produce continuously 5 batches of bull Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifoliums, and reduce rotten seedling seedling stage, death rate is 2%, robust plant, cut-flower quality is high, cut-flower qualification rate is 75%.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment carries out following seedling breeding, cultivation taking the bull Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium kind ' Mona Lisa ' purchased from Dutch Dekker chrysanthemum breeding company as examination material:
1, the fringe bar that is 10cm by the length of gathering, removes the blade in base portion 2cm, pack with freshness protection package, and to keep fringe bar humidity, every packed 52, each carton fills 40 bags, sends into temperature and is in the freezer of 5 DEG C and preserve processing 7 days;
2, the fringe bar that takes out step 1, the golden thunder of reach+3 ml/L of the Amici that complete stool is put into NAA+4ml/L of IBA+0.6mg/L of following taking root liquid: distilled water+0.6mg/L, soaks 15 minutes;
3, the immersion fringe bar that takes out step 2, in the peat composed of rotten mosses matrix that cuttage is 10mm in fibre length, described peat composed of rotten mosses matrix is seated in the hole of seedling-cultivating tray, soaks tloig-cutlage in the central authorities in hole, each cave, and the cuttage degree of depth is 2cm, waters immediately permeable after cuttage completes;
4, the seedling-cultivating tray of step 3 is placed on seedbed, more than keeping seedbed air humidity to 90% by atomization sprinkling irrigation mode, and make not form water droplet on blade and flow in matrix, temperature is that 28 DEG C, nocturnal temperature are that 18 DEG C, intensity of illumination are that 70Lx, light application time are under the condition of 16 hours/day by day, breeds to base portion and takes root;
5, the seedling of taking root of step 4 is continued to be 80% in seedbed air humidity, day temperature is that 28 DEG C, nocturnal temperature are that 18 DEG C, intensity of illumination are that 100Lx, light application time are, under the condition of 16 hours/day, to breed 18 days, obtains transplanted seedling;
6, the transplanted seedling of field planting step 5, temperature is that 27 DEG C, nocturnal temperature are that 19 DEG C, intensity of illumination are that 70Lx, light application time are under the condition of 16 hours/day by day, make plant vegetative growth extremely highly for 35cm(required time is 22 days), water routinely during this time, supplement fertilizer;
7, the plant that is 35cm by the height of step 6, temperature is 27 DEG C by day, nocturnal temperature is 19 DEG C, intensity of illumination is 70Lx, light application time is under the condition of 10 hours/day, continued growth, water routinely during this time, supplement fertilizer, until plant height is 90cm, and the flower bud differentiation on plant top, petal forms, reveal look, when open (take time is 42 days), the bull Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium of gathering to obtain, so operation, in anniversary, can produce continuously 5 batches of bull Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifoliums, and reduce rotten seedling seedling stage, death rate is 3%, robust plant, cut-flower quality is high, cut-flower qualification rate is 90%.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment carries out following seedling breeding, cultivation taking the bull Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium kind ' Mona Lisa ' purchased from Dutch Dekker chrysanthemum breeding company as examination material:
1, the fringe bar that is 10cm by the length of gathering, removes the blade in base portion 2cm, pack with freshness protection package, and to keep fringe bar humidity, every packed 52, each carton fills 40 bags, sends into temperature and is in the freezer of 3 DEG C and preserve processing 7 days;
2, the fringe bar that takes out step 1, the golden thunder of reach+3 ml/L of the Amici that complete stool is put into NAA+3ml/L of IBA+0.5mg/L of following taking root liquid: distilled water+0.5mg/L, soaks 12 minutes;
3, the immersion fringe bar that takes out step 2, in the peat composed of rotten mosses matrix that cuttage is 5mm in fibre length, described peat composed of rotten mosses matrix is seated in the hole of seedling-cultivating tray, soaks tloig-cutlage in the central authorities in hole, each cave, and the cuttage degree of depth is 2cm, waters immediately permeable after cuttage completes;
4, the seedling-cultivating tray of step 3 is placed on seedbed, more than keeping seedbed air humidity to 90% by atomization sprinkling irrigation mode, and make not form water droplet on blade and flow in matrix, temperature is that 26 DEG C, nocturnal temperature are that 16 DEG C, intensity of illumination are that 85Lx, light application time are under the condition of 16 hours/day by day, breeds to base portion and takes root;
5, the seedling of taking root of step 4 is continued to be 75% in seedbed air humidity, day temperature is that 26 DEG C, nocturnal temperature are that 17 DEG C, intensity of illumination are that 85Lx, light application time are, under the condition of 16 hours/day, to breed 20 days, obtains transplanted seedling;
6, the transplanted seedling of field planting step 5, temperature is that 25 DEG C, nocturnal temperature are that 18 DEG C, intensity of illumination are that 80Lx, light application time are under the condition of 16 hours/day by day, make plant vegetative growth extremely highly for 29cm(required time is 20 days), water routinely during this time, supplement fertilizer;
7, the plant that is 25-35cm by the height of step 6, temperature is 25 DEG C by day, nocturnal temperature is 18 DEG C, intensity of illumination is 80Lx, light application time is under the condition of 10 hours/day, continued growth, water routinely during this time, supplement fertilizer, until plant height is 80-90cm, and the flower bud differentiation on plant top, petal forms, reveal look, when open (take time is 43 days), the bull Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium of gathering to obtain, so operation, in anniversary, can produce continuously 5 batches of bull Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifoliums, and reduce rotten seedling seedling stage, death rate is 2%, robust plant, cut-flower quality is high, cut-flower qualification rate is 80%.
Comparative example:
Equally to carry out conventional seedling breeding, cultivation purchased from the bull Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium kind ' Mona Lisa ' of Dutch Dekker chrysanthemum breeding company for trying material.The whole production process required time of gathering from field planting to cut-flower is 85 days, and the anniversary can be produced at most 4 batches of bull Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifoliums continuously, easy rotten seedling after kind transplantation of seedlings, death rate 8%; When cut-flower is gathered, qualification rate (containing 2L, L, M, S totally 4 grades) is 55%.
Claims (4)
1. a Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium seedling breeding, cultivation method, comprise cuttage, breed, field planting, growth management step, while it is characterized in that cuttage, adopt 10cm fringe bar, and fringe bar complete stool is placed in to the golden thunder of the Amici reach+2-3 ml/L of NAA+3-4ml/L of IBA+0.4-0.6mg/L of following taking root liquid: distilled water+0.4-0.6mg/L, soak and carry out cuttage after 10-15 minute.
2. Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium seedling breeding as claimed in claim 1, cultivation method, it is characterized in that described 10cm fringe bar gather after through following method processing: remove after the blade in fringe bar base portion 2cm, pack in freshness protection package, send into temperature and be in the freezer of 2-5 DEG C and preserve and process 7 days.
3. Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium seedling breeding as claimed in claim 1, cultivation method, is characterized in that described cuttage, breeds to be that in the peat composed of rotten mosses matrix that is 0-10mm by 10cm tloig-cutlage in fibre length, controlling the cuttage degree of depth is 2cm, waters immediately permeable after cuttage; In surrounding air humidity more than 90%, day temperature is that 25-28 DEG C, nocturnal temperature are that 15-18 DEG C, intensity of illumination are that 70-100Lx, light application time are under the condition of 16 hours/day, after breeding and taking root to base portion; Be that 25-28 DEG C, nocturnal temperature are that 15-18 DEG C, light application time are that 16 hours/day, intensity of illumination are under 70-100Lx condition in surrounding air humidity at 70-80%, day temperature again, breed 18-22 days, obtain transplanted seedling.
4. Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium seedling breeding as claimed in claim 1, cultivation method, it is characterized in that described field planting is that temperature is that 22-27 DEG C, nocturnal temperature are that 17-19 DEG C, intensity of illumination are that 70-100Lx, light application time are under the condition of 16 hours/day by day, make plant vegetative growth to being highly 25-35cm; Temperature is that 22-27 DEG C, nocturnal temperature are that 17-19 DEG C, intensity of illumination are that 70-100Lx, light application time are under the condition of 10 hours/day by day again, continued growth to plant height is 80-90cm, and when the flower bud differentiation on plant top, petal form, reveal look, opening, the bull Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium of gathering to obtain.
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| CN105660127A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-06-15 | 青岛农业大学 | Cuttage-free chrysanthemum cultivation method |
| CN106941904A (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2017-07-14 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | A kind of efficiently quick Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium straight cutting cultural method |
| CN107568048A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-01-12 | 界首市方辉家庭农场 | A kind of Dwarfing of Chrysanthemum cottage method |
| CN108496613A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-09-07 | 北京林业大学 | A method of control Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium side shoot elongation |
| CN109618860A (en) * | 2019-01-12 | 2019-04-16 | 云南丰岛花卉有限公司 | A kind of production method improving chrysanthemum Fresh Cutting flower yield and commodity rate |
| CN109673283A (en) * | 2019-01-06 | 2019-04-26 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of method that high temperature change temperature hardening improves Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium heat resistance |
| CN110506606A (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2019-11-29 | 浙江省农业科学院 | A kind of facility substrate culture method improving bull chrysanthemum cut-flower quality |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105660127A (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2016-06-15 | 青岛农业大学 | Cuttage-free chrysanthemum cultivation method |
| CN105660127B (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2019-03-08 | 青岛农业大学 | A kind of chrysanthemum culturing method |
| CN106941904A (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2017-07-14 | 云南省农业科学院花卉研究所 | A kind of efficiently quick Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium straight cutting cultural method |
| CN107568048A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2018-01-12 | 界首市方辉家庭农场 | A kind of Dwarfing of Chrysanthemum cottage method |
| CN108496613A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-09-07 | 北京林业大学 | A method of control Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium side shoot elongation |
| CN108496613B (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2020-05-26 | 北京林业大学 | Method for controlling elongation of lateral branches of cut chrysanthemum |
| CN109673283A (en) * | 2019-01-06 | 2019-04-26 | 山东农业大学 | A kind of method that high temperature change temperature hardening improves Cut Flower Chrysanthemum Morifolium heat resistance |
| CN109618860A (en) * | 2019-01-12 | 2019-04-16 | 云南丰岛花卉有限公司 | A kind of production method improving chrysanthemum Fresh Cutting flower yield and commodity rate |
| CN110506606A (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2019-11-29 | 浙江省农业科学院 | A kind of facility substrate culture method improving bull chrysanthemum cut-flower quality |
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