CN105613206B - A method of transplanting arbor on filling type soot - Google Patents
A method of transplanting arbor on filling type soot Download PDFInfo
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- CN105613206B CN105613206B CN201610120999.2A CN201610120999A CN105613206B CN 105613206 B CN105613206 B CN 105613206B CN 201610120999 A CN201610120999 A CN 201610120999A CN 105613206 B CN105613206 B CN 105613206B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/04—Transplanting trees; Devices for grasping the root ball, e.g. stump forceps; Wrappings or packages for transporting trees
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to arbor transplantation technique fields, and in particular to a method of transplanting arbor on filling type soot comprising step：1) backfill planting soil on the filling type soot Jing Guo preliminary treatment, the backward planting soil in be inserted into gas-guide tube；2) plant pit is excavated on the planting soil and transplants the arbor that root system is enclosed with soil ball；3) plant after arbor transplanting, build, irrigate, twine it is dry with support and maintenance.The method that arbor is transplanted on filling type soot provided through the invention, can accommodate a large amount of house refuses, carry out the transplanting of arbor in the soil.This method can overcome the problems, such as arbor healthy growth on rubbish, the high temperature hot gas that rubbish generates is eliminated, arbor is influenced, avoids arbor dead and air permeability effect using conduit, the root system respiration effect of arbor is increased, to further improve surviving for arbor.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to arbor transplantation technique fields, and in particular to a kind of side for transplanting arbor on filling type soot
Method.
Background technology
With the development of economy with the expansion in city, urban land resource value is higher and higher, this makes some for filling out
The place for burying rubbish is also provided with considerable economic value and social value.In order to enable this part of land resource is able to fully
It utilizes, is gradually developing the method for planting vegetation on filling type soot in recent years.But the technology there is still a need for improve, with gram
Take the problem of numerous influences occurred in region, kind, weather etc. prepare transplanting.
Invention content
To solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the method that the present invention provides a kind of transplanting arbor on filling type soot.
A method of it transplanting arbor on filling type soot, includes the following steps：
1) backfill planting soil on the filling type soot Jing Guo preliminary treatment, the backward planting soil in be inserted into air guide
Pipe.
The thickness of the planting soil is more than or equal to 50cm.The insertion depth of one end of the gas-guide tube is 60~80cm, institute
The other end for stating gas-guide tube is located at the native table of the planting soil or more.
Wherein, the planting soil is that loose loess or laterite obtain after improvement.
In the loess or laterite：Soil pH value is 5.0~8.0, soil organic matter content >=10g/ ㎏, soil saliferous
Amount≤1.2g/ ㎏, soil available nitrogen content >=40mg/kg, soil available phosphorus content >=3mg/kg, the soil weight≤1.35g/
Cm3, the soil texture：The content of loam, the stone that soil cobble-stone grain size is 3mm~20mm is：< 10%；
Modification method is：By the loess or laterite, sand and peat soil according to weight ratio be 1:1~1.2：4~4.8
Even mixing increases the shatter value and nutritional ingredient of soil.
Preferably, landfill improves planting soil below the 50cm depth of the plant pit before transplanting, the improvement planting soil
Modification method is：By the planting soil, sand and peat soil according to weight ratio be 1:1~1.2：4~4.8 uniformly mixing.
Preferably, a diameter of 2.3~3mm of the sand.
Preferably, the aperture of the gas-guide tube is 110mm or 200mm.
2) plant pit is excavated on the planting soil and transplants the arbor that root system is enclosed with soil ball.
Wherein：
The lateral maximum gauge of the soil ball is 6~10 times of the arbor diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, and the height of the soil ball is described
0.6~0.7 times of the lateral maximum gauge of soil ball, the base diameter of the soil ball are the lateral maximum gauge of the soil ball
0.3~0.4 times；
The horizontal cross-section of the plant pit is round or square, the side ratio institute of the circular diameter or the square
Big 50~the 60cm of lateral maximum gauge of soil ball is stated, the depth of the plant pit is bigger 50~60cm than the height of the soil ball；
The transplanting depth of the arbor is to be located at 0~20cm of the planting soil surface or less to the upper surface of the soil ball,
It is specifically fixed according to soil ball thickness.It is fixed according to soil ball thickness, it is contemplated that the sedimentation of soil, Wuhan Area soil viscosity is high, is not easy to plant
Plant it is too deep, soil ball expose original soil 10cm be advisable.
3) plant after arbor transplanting, build, irrigate, twine it is dry with support and maintenance.
Preferably, when being transplanted in spring, scaffolding shade is carried out in transplant early or summer.
Wherein：
The tree crown of the arbor is all around maintained at 30~50cm at a distance from cool canopy everywhere；
The degree of shading of cool canopy is 65~75%.
Preferably, the type of the arbor is willow or Elaeocarpus decipiens tree.
The method that arbor is transplanted on filling type soot provided through the invention, can accommodate a large amount of in the soil
House refuse carries out the transplanting of arbor.This method can overcome the problems, such as arbor healthy growth on rubbish, eliminate rubbish and generate
High temperature hot gas, arbor is influenced, avoids arbor dead and using the air permeability effect of conduit, the root system for increasing arbor is exhaled
Effect is inhaled, to further improve surviving for arbor.
Specific implementation mode
The principles and features of the present invention are described below, and illustrated embodiment is served only for explaining the present invention, is not intended to
Limit the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment
After processing, backfill planting soil is transplanted on soot, and the planting soil for actually backfilling 50cm cannot be satisfied institute
There is the growth conditions of nursery stock, the growth that some more tall and big nursery stocks need the planting soil for backfilling 70cm that could meet root system is empty
Between.But often have the case where rubbish exhaust gas is emerged after raining due to cause specific around early period Biohazard Waste Disposal, although
Gas after treatment itself is without toxicity, but rubbish exhaust gas temperature is higher, it is easy to which the root system for burning out plant influences nursery stock
Survival, we take the method for being buried in the earth air guide using blind pipe, seedling root are prevented to be damaged.
Soil requirement
(1) backfilled planting soil requires to be loose loess or laterite, must not backfill construction site deep foundation pit soil, and the earthwork is returned
It is 50 ㎝ of basic landform or more to fill out thickness.
(2) soil pH value：5.0-8.0.
(3) soil organism：≥10g/㎏.
(4) soil salt content：≤1.2g/㎏.
(5) available nitrogen：≥40mg/kg.
(6) available phosphorus：≥3mg/kg.
(7) available potassium >=50mg/kg.
(8) soil weight≤1.35g/cm3.
(9) soil texture：Loam.
(10) content of soil boulderet diameter 3mm~20mm stones is：< 10%.
Planting soil carries out soil improvement work after meeting quality requirement.It is improved according to final detection P in soil H values,
Soil improvement part is compared for soil：Sand：Fertile (peat soil) ± 1:1:4, scene according to plantation soil thickness of marching into the arena calculate the sand of needs
And the content of peat soil, the thickness of sand and peat soil is controlled using total powerstation, ensure sand, peat soil that each position paves,
Soil is uniformly mixed.
Soil ball is intact, surface is smooth, good appearance, it is up big and down small be in starring apple shape, Packing Intact ties up solid, ball
Underseal is tight, ensures that soil ball is not split and does not dissipate, do not leak soil.Digging soil ball specification should be 6 times -10 times of tree breast-height diameter, and soil ball height is
2/3rds of soil ball diameter, soil ball base diameter are the one third of soil ball diameter.After nursery stock lifting, with digging with fortune, to the greatest extent may be used
Transpiration can be reduced, human factor damages nursery stock.
Plant pit excavates
Strictly control the diameter and depth of plant pit when plant pit excavates, the specification of plant pit is according to the soil ball size of nursery stock
It excavates, soil ball diameter big 50cm~60cm as defined in the diameter of general plant pit or the side ratio of square.The depth of plant pit compared with
Big 50cm~the 60cm of thickness of soil ball.Sometimes unit in charge of construction is artificial in order to reduce, and is excavated and is rushed through carelessly using digging machine, supervises
Reason scene measures the depth and diameter of plant pit after finding, underproof plant pit is manually being repaiied after requiring unit in charge of construction's digging machine to dig
It is whole, ensure the specification of plant pit.Before transplanted seedling tree, soil improvement must be carried out in plant pit, all transplanted seedling tree caves bottom 50cm is
Use satisfactory loose fertile high-quality planting soil instead, and suitable peat soil and sand added to be improved, peat soil, sand with
And the proportioning of planting soil is 1:1:4..In order to complete the improvement of plant pit, the size excavated according to each plant pit calculates peat
The amount that soil, sand and planting soil should be added.
Trees should be transported within the shortest time after digging scene accomplish with dig, with fortune, with the principle of cultivation, and megaphanerophyte
Trunk and tree crown are wrapped up when transport in advance.Nursery stock must be transported with soil ball, not allow bare-root seeding to march into the arena, and the soil ball size of nursery stock is tight
Lattice control is 8~10 times of the nursery stock diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, and soil ball is required to complete, and cannot dry and whiten.When nursery stock is loaded and unloaded with crane, ensure
The place pad bamboo board that hawser is contacted with soil ball, prevents soil ball broken, with triangle sleeper that soil ball and compartment board bottom is empty when entrucking
It is stoppered at gap, prevents the scratch that mops floor, trunk sack when unloading, straw bag is wrapped prevents bark from abrading.
The plant of nursery stock
When plant, ensure that the depth of plant, tight between soil ball and planting soil, the best face of tree crown are main appreciate
Direction.It requires unit in charge of construction to carry out the drainage measure of nursery stock when plant, installs peep hole or french drain is drained, in rainy season
Especially heavy rain when can effectively improve the survival rate of nursery stock.
The trimming of nursery stock
One of an important factor for trimming of nursery stock is influence plant percent must assure that trimming is suitable in trimming process
Degree, will also ensure the ornamental value of nursery stock while ensureing survival rate.It is trimmed in due course.Wipe out sick branch, injured branch, withered
Branch, overstocked branch and sprout tillers ensure tree vigo(u)r balance.Seedling root trimming should be carried out before plant, by splitting root, long, disease pest root
It wipes out, and tree crown is suitably trimmed, keep tree body above and below ground balance, tree crown beautiful.Pruning amount regards seeds, plant season
It saves, the complexity that nursery stock transplanting survives, method for planting, dig the quality of seedling to determine, general sprouting ability is strong, and it is suitable easily to survive
The nursery stock that season transplants and soil ball is high-quality can suitably reduce pruning rate.Forbid a large amount of cutting backs, keep tree-like complete crown and is preced with naturally.
Watering：
Irrigation pipe is installed, is poured at regular time and quantity daily, and conserves personnel often place checks, is not poured in place
Position carry out manual watering.French drain is dug in each plant pit in advance, and reserved peep hole, french drain are drained, peep hole
It will be seen that the ponding situation below nursery stock, and suitable draining can also be carried out.
Twine dry and support
It is the requisite measure for ensureing nursery stock heat and moisture preserving to twine dry.Regardless of season transplant big tree will use straw rope, burlap,
The trunk and more sturdy branch of the materials such as rush bag package tree, because above-mentioned binder had not only had certain moisture retention but also had
Certain heat insulation property, through wrapping up in the big tree of dry-cure, one can avoid strong light direct beam and dry-air blast is blown, and reduce trunk, branch
Moisture evaporation；Two can store a certain amount of moisture, and limb is made often to keep moistening；Three adjustable limb temperature, reduce high temperature and
Injury of the low temperature to limb.Currently, some places are responsible for a task until it is completed using plastic film, this method in tree body dormant stage effect be it is good,
But it should be replaced in time before tree body rudiment.Because plastic film permeability is poor, it is unfavorable for being wrapped the respiration of trunk, especially
It is high temperature season, and internal heat, which is difficult to distribute in time, can cause high temperature, limb of burning, tender shoots or kryptoblast, causes to hinder to tree body
Evil.Transplant trees most avoid root, and to prevent strong wind and artificial shaking tree body, fixation, careful anti-dumping should be supported in time after big tree planting
It tiltedly or lodges, mainly prevents from rocking the development for influencing tree root.The branch stablized most beneficial for tree body is selected according to actual conditions
Support method, supporting point should be generally selected at the middle and upper part 2/3 of tree body preferably, and cushioning protective layer is to prevent damage bark.
Nursery stock conserves implementing measure
Scaffolding shade：If it is spring, the big tree of transplanting uses sunshade net in transplant early or summer high temperature dry season
It builds cool canopy to shade, to reduce big tree environment temperature, reduces the moisture loss of tree body.Either isolated planting, piece plant will use up
It measures complete crown shade, cool canopy top and surrounding to be preferably maintained at a distance from 30-50 centimetres or so with tree crown, to ensure the air stream in canopy
It is logical, prevent tree crown by harm of burning day.The degree of shading of sunshade net is preferably selected 70% or so, so that tree body can be received centainly
Scattering light, ensure the photosynthetic progress of tree body.Shading time will continue to that summer high temperature terminates, and can be given birth to later according to trees
Long situation and temperature change, gradually remove sunshade net.
Water spray moisturizing：Tree body aerial part (especially blade face), must in the easy dehydration because of transpiration of late spring and summer and autumn
Must be sprayed water moisturizing in time.Water spray is required thin and uniform misty and to be sprayed and tree body each position and surrounding space on the ground, especially
Spray and wrap up in dry, generally to spray 4-5 water daily, each water spray is primary sooner or later, 2-3 time before and after noon high temperature, spray water every time with
It is degree to squirt the not flowing water that do not drip, in order to avoid causing root ponding, influences the breathing and growth of root system.
Tree body moisturizing：Moisture is replenished in time to big tree according to the principle being infused to people.Infusion includes a variety of nutrition
Substance and high activity organic matter, can effectively facilitate the growth and development set greatly, moreover it is possible to avoid the root ponding shape caused by pouring dilutional hyponatremia
Condition, and will not tree body dehydrating phenomena caused by watering difficult because of building site water, few, this method is particularly suitable for arid, hot dry wind water shortage
Area.
Water rate control：New transplant big tree, root water uptake miopragia are smaller to soil moisture demand.Therefore, as long as protecting
Soil is held suitably to moisten.Soil moisture content is excessive, can reduce the permeability of soil instead, inhibits the breathing of root system, right
It is unfavorable to send out new root, it is serious to also result in rotten death.For this purpose, on the one hand strictly to control soil irrigation amount.After plant immediately
It pours primary permeable, second of water is poured after 2-3 days, mistake pours third time water, should regard weather and soil dry-wet situation later after a week
It analyzes through field review, waters with caution.Watering will accomplish " parch and irrigating " every time, at the same while wanting careful anti-spraying excessive water droplet into
Enter root area.Second aspect will prevent plant pit internal water accumulation.The watering cave left when plantation, should be filled and led up after permeable three times or
Slightly above surrounding ground, ponding when to prevent raining or spray water.Meanwhile in the easy water accumulation part of hypsography low-lying, will begin to rehearse ditch, ensure rain
It can be drained in time.The third aspect will keep suitable level of ground water height (general to require -1.5 meters or less).In underground water
Position higher position will do buried drain, when flood season level of ground water goes up, can dig deep-well in root system periphery, be arranged underground water with water pump
To over-the-counter, prevent and flood root.
Soil aeration：After big tree plant, the root penetrating condition of good soil can promote the healing of wound and inspire new
Root.The work for this purpose, intertillage after carrying out rain and after watering is loosened the soil, to keep soil from packing together.On the other hand, running check native
Earth ventilation facility (snorkel etc.), discovery ventilation facility blocking or ponding, it to remove in time, often to keep good ventilation
Performance.
Sprouting is protected：Sprouting sprouts, and is the mark that transplant trees carry out physiological activity, is to set the hope survived greatly.It is heavier
What is wanted is the sprouting of tree body aerial part, has oneself however effective stimulation to root system, can promote the sprouting of root system.Cause
This, in transplant early, the bud that the tree body deeplyd prune when especially transplanting is sprouted will be protected, and allow its foliation of branching out,
Carry out trimming and finishing again after tree body survives.Meanwhile after tree body rudiment, especially to reinforce water spray, shade, preventing disease pest control etc. and support
Nurse makees, and ensures the normal growth of tender shoots and tender tip.
Effect example
In Wuhan Garden Exposition, the transplanting of Elaeocarpus decipiens and willow is carried out in the above described manner, survival rate 90%, etc..
By above project, is successfully realized on soot and carry out the transplanting of arbor in filling type soot, be
This area brings good enhancement of environment, increases the flow of the people of this area, and the economic development of this area has been driven to implement
After project, Tree growth is good, and ecological environment is greatly improved.Transformation due to the project to rubbish factory,
Amusement and travel famous scenic spot is not only built out on the basis of this, creates good humanistic environment, and brings good social effect.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all the present invention spirit and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method for transplanting arbor on filling type soot, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
1) backfill planting soil on the filling type soot Jing Guo preliminary treatment, the backward planting soil in be inserted into gas-guide tube,
Wherein：
The thickness of the planting soil is more than or equal to 50cm；
The insertion depth of one end of the gas-guide tube is 60~80cm, and the other end of the gas-guide tube is located at the soil of the planting soil
It is more than table；
2) plant pit is excavated on the planting soil and transplants the arbor that root system is enclosed with soil ball, wherein：
The lateral maximum gauge of the soil ball is 6~10 times of the arbor diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, and the height of the soil ball is the soil ball
0.6~0.7 times of lateral maximum gauge, the base diameter of the soil ball be the lateral maximum gauge of the soil ball 0.3~
0.4 times；
The horizontal cross-section of the plant pit is round or square, soil described in the side ratio of the circular diameter or the square
The depth of the big 50~60cm of lateral maximum gauge of ball, the plant pit are bigger 50~60cm than the height of the soil ball；
The transplanting depth of the arbor is：It is located at 0~20cm of the planting soil surface or less to the upper surface of the soil ball；
3) plant after arbor transplanting, trimming, irrigate, twine it is dry with support and maintenance；
The planting soil obtains for loose loess or laterite after improvement, wherein：
In the loess or laterite：Soil pH value is 5.0~8.0, soil organic matter content >=10g/ ㎏, soil salt content≤
1.2g/kg, soil available nitrogen content >=40mg/kg, soil available phosphorus content >=3mg/kg, the soil weight≤1.35g/cm3, soil
The quality of earth is loam, and soil cobble-stone grain size is the content < 10% of the stone of 3mm~20mm；
Modification method is：By the loess or laterite, sand and peat soil according to weight ratio be 1:1~1.2：4~4.8 is uniformly mixed
It closes.
2. the method according to claim 1 for transplanting arbor on filling type soot, which is characterized in that in institute before transplanting
The 50cm depth of plant pit or less landfill improvement planting soil is stated, the modification method of the improvement planting soil is：By the planting soil,
Sand and peat soil are 1 according to weight ratio:1~1.2：4~4.8 uniformly mixing.
3. the method according to claim 1 or 2 for transplanting arbor on filling type soot, which is characterized in that when in the spring
When Ji Jinhang is transplanted, scaffolding shade is carried out in transplant early or summer, wherein：
The tree crown of the arbor is all around maintained at 30~50cm at a distance from cool canopy everywhere；
The degree of shading of cool canopy is 65~75%.
4. the method according to claim 1 or 2 for transplanting arbor on filling type soot, it is characterised in that：The sand
A diameter of 2.3~3mm.
5. the method according to claim 1 or 2 for transplanting arbor on filling type soot, it is characterised in that：Qiao
The type of wood is willow or Elaeocarpus decipiens tree.
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| CN111631060A (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2020-09-08 | 中国一冶集团有限公司 | Construction method of large-diameter-at-breast arbor in non-planting season in rainwater-dense area |
| CN114051903A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2022-02-18 | 中国五冶集团有限公司 | Planting soil treatment method for greening engineering |
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