CN105613186B - A kind of sweet tea tangerine shaddock cultural method - Google Patents
A kind of sweet tea tangerine shaddock cultural method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105613186B CN105613186B CN201610060301.2A CN201610060301A CN105613186B CN 105613186 B CN105613186 B CN 105613186B CN 201610060301 A CN201610060301 A CN 201610060301A CN 105613186 B CN105613186 B CN 105613186B
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- sweet tea
- tea tangerine
- tangerine shaddock
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of sweet tea tangerine shaddock cultural method, step includes：Step 1, determine that seeding row spacing and plant, spacing in the rows are 0.5 ± 0.05 meter, line-spacing is 6 ± 0.3 meters；Step 2, it carves bud and trimming only wipes out pest and disease damage branch in the sweet tea tangerine shaddock treelet phase, if trunk height is not achieved 3 meters, do not wipe out top；A side shoot is stayed every 10 centimetres；Until after bearing tree, being updated every year to its side shoot, the young sprout that spring grows is left fruitful branch, autumn growth and fruitful branch are wiped out after fruit picking；Step 3, fertilizing management；Step 4, moisture regulation, 4.1) it is covered along sweet tea tangerine shaddock line-spacing direction overlay film；Ponding is discharged in time；4.2) it pours water once along sweet tea tangerine shaddock line-spacing direction tree trunk periphery respectively before sweet tea tangerine shaddock young sprout rudiment, before blooming and fruit expanding period every year.The method of the present invention, simple and practicable, production cost is low, convenient for promoting.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant growing technology, are related to a kind of sweet tea tangerine shaddock cultural method.
Background technology
Sweet tea tangerine shaddock, tree performance are opened a business, and tree vigo(u)r is stronger.Fruit is oblate, and consolidation, carpopodium portion is slightly spherical, fruit top flat, fruit
Skin is orange-yellow, and fruit face is less smooth, and peeling is slightly difficult, close with Hu shaddock, carries orange perfume taste, 300 grams or so of single fruit weight, few core.Fruit
Meat is orange, and meat is soft, 12.5% or more solid content, 0.5% or less acid content.Late November is ripe, flavor when fruit picking
It is sweet tea, agreeable to the taste, and very storage tolerance, storage be not spoiled by the end of May to next year.
Traditional sweet tea tangerine shaddock planting patterns and technology mainly cultivate tree-like and tree vigo(u)r, Bu Nengti in first 3 years after field planting
Fruiting period is advanced into, into after fruiting period, bearing basal shoot is grown on major branch, the branch on bearing basal shoot is again as a result, toward letter meeting
Fruiting period is caused to fall behind, low output, sweet tea tangerine shaddock quality also declines.Traditional sweet tea tangerine shaddock planting patterns, labour's input is big, accounts for sweet tea
The 60% of tangerine shaddock orchard input amount, as the means of production in sweet tea tangerine shaddock orchard, transportation cost, the continuous of the price of labour power are risen,
Economic benefit is decreased obviously；Practitioner's aging, aging are increasingly prominent, and young worker is difficult to grasp traditional technology.
If wanting easy to operate, also to improve the yield and quality, it is necessary to the planting patterns and planting technology of sweet tea tangerine shaddock
It is innovated.
Invention content
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of sweet tea tangerine shaddock cultural methods, solve the operating method of existing sweet tea tangerine shaddock planting technology
It is cumbersome, it is not easy to grasp, production cost is high, low output, the unstable problem of sweet tea tangerine shaddock quality.
The technical scheme is that a kind of sweet tea tangerine shaddock cultural method, includes the following steps：
Step 1, seeding row spacing and plant are determined
Spacing in the rows is 0.5 ± 0.05 meter, and line-spacing is 6 ± 0.3 meters；The time is transplanted between the annual 3-4 months；
Step 2, bud and trimming are carved
In the sweet tea tangerine shaddock treelet phase, pest and disease damage branch is only wiped out, other branches are without trimming, if trunk height is not achieved
3 meters, do not wipe out top；Quarter bud is carried out to the side shoot sent out on trunk, a side shoot is stayed every 10 centimetres；Until after bearing tree,
Its side shoot is updated every year, the young sprout that spring grows is left fruitful branch, autumn growth and fruitful branch are wiped out after fruit picking；
Step 3, fertilizing management
In the sweet tea tangerine shaddock treelet phase, after transplanting sapling one month, by 20 grams of+20 grams of urea+10 grams of potassium sulfate magnesium sulfate zinc
It is dissolved in 1 kilogram of clear water, pours in the peripheral position apart from every plant of 10-15 centimetres of tree trunk；
30 grams of+20 grams of urea+20 grams of potassium sulfate magnesium sulfate zinc are dissolved in 1 kilogram by plant second year in March and June
In clear water, the peripheral position applied on the outside of every plant of tree crown under drip is poured；To December, one is dug along 50 centimetres on the outside of line-spacing
Parallel ditch is embedded to decomposed organic fertilizer；
Transplant third year, using second year fertilising by the way of and dosage；
3 years later fertilizing methods are transplanted by the way of second year, dose increases by a training；
Step 4, moisture regulation
4.1) control water and row's ponding
Along sweet tea tangerine shaddock line-spacing direction, overlay film is covered；Ponding is discharged in time；
4.2) it pours water
Every year before sweet tea tangerine shaddock young sprout rudiment, before blooming and fruit expanding period, respectively along sweet tea tangerine shaddock line-spacing orientation tree
It pours water once on bar periphery.
Present invention has the advantages that it is easy to operate, labour is saved, saving of labor, water-saving save fertilizer, ripe sweet tea tangerine shaddock fruit
Quality is good, yield is high, is not engaged in the personnel of sweet tea tangerine shaddock, also can smoothly plant according to this, the new side of this kind of sweet tea tangerine shaddock cultivation
Method is worth large-scale popularization.
Specific implementation mode
The sweet tea tangerine shaddock cultural method of the present invention, includes the steps that the following aspects：
Preliminary step selects planting site, 300-500 meter leeward southern exposure of height above sea level and soil depth to be not less than 80 centimetres
Area is advisable；
Step 1, seeding row spacing and plant are determined
Spacing in the rows is 0.5 ± 0.05 meter, and line-spacing is 6 ± 0.3 meters, carries out beta pruning, root relief to sweet tea tangerine pomelo seedling before plant, wipes out
Pest and disease damage branch and extra sprig, weak branch retain healthy and strong branch；Remove partial blade, truncate long main root and big root so that is main
Root and big root are no more than 15 centimetres, while cutting off sick and wounded；
The time is transplanted between the annual 3-4 months, planting hole is excavated in planting point before plant, smashs planting hole ambient earth to pieces simultaneously
Inserting a certain amount of thin loam, (the thin loam that a planting hole is put into accounts for about 1/5th of cave volume；Before thin loam refers to plant
The topsoil in orchard is in powder shape), sweet tea tangerine pomelo seedling is put into righting in planting hole, root system equably stretches to four directions, inserts table
Soil when table soil is filled to half, gently carries sapling with hand, root system is made to stretch, tread upwards, then fills in a form and soil and tread, and is filled out until all
It is full；After completing table soil, the rootstock of sweet tea tangerine pomelo seedling is basseted；
First 3 years of plant to row, depth is extended out are 60-80 centimetres in the position of former plant row, expand when row is ploughed deeply every square
(organic fertilizer refers to excrement of animals, cogongrass, stalk etc. to 50-100 kilograms of the organic fertilizers such as rice embedment cogongrass, stalk, after stacking is decomposed
Substance), acid soil should be put into 1-2 kilograms of pulverized limestone simultaneously.
The spacing in the rows that traditional sweet tea tangerine shaddock planting patterns generally requires is 3 meters, line-spacing is 4 meters.After this step line-spacing increases, just
In manually in the daily managements such as fertilising in the ranks, spray, mechanized operation of being more convenient for.
Step 2, bud and trimming are carved
It refers to scratching bast with pocket knife on the bud top that will be sprouted, and cannot hinder xylem to carve bud, is conducive in this way
The bud of lower part is sprouted, and can form bud.
In the sweet tea tangerine shaddock treelet phase, pest and disease damage branch is only wiped out, other branches are not less than without trimming, control trunk height
3 meters, if trunk height is not achieved 3 meters, do not wipe out top；Quarter bud is carried out to the side shoot sent out on trunk, is stayed every 10 centimetres
One side shoot, and is made by its vertical growth as possible, the side shoot set entirely is made to reach 30 or so by the way of support for trunk；It waits for
To after bearing tree, its side shoot is updated every year, the young sprout that spring grows is left fruitful branch, autumn growth and fruitful branch are being adopted
It is wiped out after fruit.
Step 3, fertilizing management
In the sweet tea tangerine shaddock treelet phase, (applying fertilizer for the first time), after plant sapling one month, by+20 grams of potassium sulfates of 20 grams of urea+
10 grams of magnesium sulfate zinc are dissolved in 1 kilogram of clear water, are poured in the peripheral position apart from every plant of 10-15 centimetres of tree trunk；
30 grams of+20 grams of urea+20 grams of potassium sulfate magnesium sulfate zinc are dissolved in 1 kilogram by plant second year in March and June
In clear water, the peripheral position applied on the outside of every plant of tree crown under drip is poured；To December, one is dug along 50 centimetres on the outside of line-spacing
Parallel ditch is embedded to decomposed organic fertilizer；
Transplant third year, using second year fertilising by the way of and dosage；
3 years later fertilizing methods are transplanted by the way of second year, dose increases by a training.
This step keeps setting fruit position close from tree trunk, and nutrition is transported to fruit from tree body quickly, reduces dose, this tree-like
The effective rate of utilization of fertilizer is effectively increased up to 30% or more, the grass of orchard in the ranks does not also strive fertilizer with sweet tea tangerine teak, is conducive to carry
Organic matter in high sweet tea tangerine shaddock orchard soil, tree trunk periphery is overlayed on by the grass grown in orchard, after these weeds are decomposed, can also be become
It at the organic fertilizer in orchard, avoids after cutting grass, after weeds absorb nutrient, transports sweet tea tangerine shaddock orchard, form orchard organic matter and contain
Extend reduces year after year.
Step 4, moisture regulation
4.1) control water and row's ponding
Along sweet tea tangerine shaddock line-spacing direction, overlay film is covered, and is oozed into the soil of sweet tea tangerine teak bar to avoid rainfall, to reach
To the purpose for reducing tree trunk soil moisture content, the water absorption of sweet tea tangerine shaddock root system is reduced, improves fruit quality；Hypsography low-lying area,
It was found that ponding, in time trench digging discharge, gutter will deeply 1 meter or more, ponding is discharged with profit.
This step drains convenient for orchard, after sweet tea tangerine shaddock line-spacing increases, convenient in the ranks carrying out drainage trenching draining, Bu Huizao
Origin cause of formation drainage trenching makes that sweet tea tangerine teak bar is damaged and fruit is fallen.
4.2) it pours water
Every year before sweet tea tangerine shaddock young sprout rudiment, before blooming and fruit expanding period, respectively along sweet tea tangerine shaddock line-spacing orientation tree
Bar periphery is poured water once, and the water content after soil is poured water near control sweet tea tangerine teak bar is 90% ± 5%.
This step is poured water because only pouring water on tree trunk periphery not in the ranks, and frequency of irrigation also reduces two than traditional approach and arrives
Three times, the waste of water, the utilization rate of water will not be caused to improve 70%；After pouring water, practitioner can also obtain employment in the ranks, underfooting
Will not step on muddy water.Conventional method is that entire sweet tea tangerine shaddock orchard flood pours, and wastes a large amount of water, and being in fruit will be ripe
When, cause fruit also difficult ripe, it is ripe after soluble solid content reduce, after fruit picking, fruit after storage period, dehydration,
Fruit face is subside, and the commodity rate of fruit reduces.
The method of the present invention, easy to operate, yield is high, and nutrient quality is good.Glossiness is good, fruit face colouring, fruit size
Uniformly.It was not engaged in the people of sweet tea tangerine shaddock production, sweet tea tangerine shaddock can also be directly planted, avoid in the previous planting process of sweet tea tangerine,
Cumbersome, the talent for needing working experience abundant can plant.It is put into high yield period after 3 years, with conventional method, into high yield
Phase needs the time of 7-8, and the fruit size born is uneven, inferior defect.It, can be with convenient for working after line-spacing increases
The easily operations such as fertilising, spray, overlay film, trimming in sweet tea tangerine shaddock orchard.This method keeps setting fruit position close from tree trunk, nutrition
It can be transported to fruit quickly, also allow for improving the maturity period.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of sweet tea tangerine shaddock cultural method, characterized in that include the following steps：
Step 1, seeding row spacing and plant time are determined
Spacing in the rows is 0.5 ± 0.05 meter, and line-spacing is 6 ± 0.3 meters；The time is transplanted between the annual 3-4 months；
Step 2, bud and trimming are carved
In the sweet tea tangerine shaddock treelet phase, pest and disease damage branch is only wiped out, other branches are without trimming, if trunk height is not achieved 3 meters,
Do not wipe out top；Quarter bud is carried out to the side shoot sent out on trunk, a side shoot is stayed every 10 centimetres；Until after bearing tree, every year
Its side shoot is updated, the young sprout that spring grows is left fruitful branch, autumn growth and fruitful branch are wiped out after fruit picking；
Step 3, fertilizing management
20 grams of+20 grams of urea+10 grams of potassium sulfate magnesium sulfate zinc are dissolved in 1 after transplanting sapling one month in the sweet tea tangerine shaddock treelet phase
In kilogram clear water, pour in the peripheral position apart from every plant of 10-15 centimetres of trunk；
30 grams of+20 grams of urea+20 grams of potassium sulfate magnesium sulfate zinc are dissolved in 1 kilogram of clear water by plant second year in March and June
In, pour the peripheral position applied on the outside of every plant of tree crown under drip；It is parallel along 50 centimetres of diggings one on the outside of line-spacing to December
Ditch is embedded to decomposed organic fertilizer；
Transplant third year, using second year fertilising by the way of and dosage；
3 years later fertilizing methods are transplanted by the way of second year, dose doubles；
Step 4, moisture regulation
4.1) control water and row's ponding
Along sweet tea tangerine shaddock line-spacing direction, overlay film is covered；Ponding is discharged in time；
4.2) it pours water
Every year before sweet tea tangerine shaddock young sprout rudiment, before blooming and fruit expanding period, respectively along sweet tea tangerine shaddock line-spacing direction trunk week
While it is primary to pour water；
In the step 1, planting hole is excavated in planting point before plant, planting hole ambient earth is smashed to pieces and inserts thin loam, it will
Sweet tea tangerine pomelo seedling is put into righting in planting hole, and root system equably stretches to four directions, and filling table soil gently carries sapling with hand, makes root upwards
System's stretching, extension, is treaded, then is filled in a form and soil and treaded, until completely filling out；After completing table soil, the rootstock of sweet tea tangerine pomelo seedling is basseted；
First 3 years of plant are put into thatch for every square metre to row, 60-80 centimetres of depth is extended out in the position of former plant row when ploughing deeply
Grass, 50-100 kilograms of Straw manures, acid soil should be put into 1-2 kilograms of pulverized limestone simultaneously.
2. sweet tea tangerine shaddock cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：In the step 1, to sweet tea tangerine shaddock before plant
Sapling carries out beta pruning, root relief, wipes out pest and disease damage branch and extra sprig, weak branch, retains healthy and strong branch；Remove partial blade, truncates
Long main root and big root so that main root and big root are no more than 15 centimetres, while cutting off sick and wounded.
3. sweet tea tangerine shaddock cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：In the step 4.2), sweet tea tangerine shaddock is controlled
Water content after soil is poured water near trunk is 90% ± 5%.
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| CN109496629A (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2019-03-22 | 张荣忠 | A kind of implantation methods of gold tribute shaddock |
| CN113711832A (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2021-11-30 | 永州市农业科学研究所 | Method for pruning and protecting flowers and fruits in flowering period of citrus young trees |
| CN115517128A (en) * | 2022-10-10 | 2022-12-27 | 浙江醉三公生态农业科技有限公司 | Sweet orange planting method |
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| CN105052661A (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2015-11-18 | 秦道安 | Citrus planting method |
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