CN110463493A - A kind of cultivating and growing method of acid red soil of south China area selenium-rich mango - Google Patents
A kind of cultivating and growing method of acid red soil of south China area selenium-rich mango Download PDFInfo
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- CN110463493A CN110463493A CN201910738130.8A CN201910738130A CN110463493A CN 110463493 A CN110463493 A CN 110463493A CN 201910738130 A CN201910738130 A CN 201910738130A CN 110463493 A CN110463493 A CN 110463493A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cultivating and growing methods of acid red soil of south China area selenium-rich mango, include the following steps, the planting site addressing, choose 21-27 DEG C of mean temperature, most cold 12 DEG C of moon samming or more, it is frostless, the addressing site preparation, according to terrain division of cells, plan shelter-forest, irrigation and drainage system, road and other facilities, ground is planted to prepare, selected planting density, early period is colonized 4 × 3m, harvest 3-5 Nian Houke sparselys fell into 6 × 4m every strain in encryption row, it is described that seed is selected to plant, choose polyembryony type seedling, Seedling Height is less than 50cm, the treelet management, it is divided into treelet fertilising and treelet pruning, the bearing-age tree management, it is divided into bearing-age tree fertilising and bearing-age tree pruning, the trees results management, florescence alternation respectively, fruit and bagging phylactocarp at pollination.The cultivating and growing method of the acid red soil of south China area selenium-rich mango facilitates the selection of selenium-rich mango plant to plant, and improves the production survival rate and setting percentage of selenium-rich mango plant.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mango technical field of cultivation, specially a kind of cultivar of acid red soil of south China area selenium-rich mango
Plant method.
Background technique
Mango is our common types of fruits in daily life, possesses abundant nutrition value and edible effect, former
The evergreen megaphanerophyte of Anacardiaceae for originating in India, due to the consumption and effect of mango, fruit is more and more by vast people group
Well-established, in order to meet the edible needs of broad masses of the people, mango starts at home by large-scale cultivating and growing, as long as
The ground such as Fujian, Taiwan, Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Yunnan are distributed in, needed for the edible offer for resident.
However existing mango has the following problems in acid red soil of south China area growing and cultivation:
Southern characteristic of acid red soil area has a large amount of lofty mountains area, has wide idle cultivation area land for building, is carrying out this
The mango in class area is planted, and the plantation setting percentage and survival rate of mango be not high, influences the practical cultivating and growing yield of mango, so that
Such area is largely left unused, and does not adequately use its use value by people, while with the needs of resident living,
Needed for the edible yield of mango does not more catch up with resident living, needs to use idle southern characteristic of acid red soil area and carry out awns
The cultivating and growing of fruit improves the yield of mango, while the soil utilization rate in enlarged region area.
In view of the above-mentioned problems, being badly in need of carrying out innovating on the basis of original acid red soil of south China area mango growing and cultivation setting
Meter.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of cultivating and growing methods of acid red soil of south China area selenium-rich mango, to solve
Above-mentioned background technique proposes that existing southern characteristic of acid red soil area has a large amount of lofty mountains area, has wide idle farming
Region land for building, in the mango plantation for carrying out such area, the plantation setting percentage and survival rate of mango be not high, influences the reality of mango
Cultivating and growing yield does not adequately use its use value by people so that such area is largely left unused, while with
The needs of resident living, needed for the edible yield of mango does not more catch up with resident living, need to use idle southern
Characteristic of acid red soil area carries out the cultivating and growing of mango, improve the yield of mango, while enlarged region Soils In The Region utilization rate is asked
Topic.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a kind of acid red soil of south China area selenium-rich mango
Cultivating and growing method, comprising the following steps: planting site addressing → addressing site preparation → preparing to plant → selects seed plant → treelet management
→ bearing-age tree management → trees results management；
S1, the planting site addressing choose 21-27 DEG C of mean temperature, and most cold 12 DEG C of moon samming or more, frostless, annual rainfall is not low
Though in 1300 millimeters or arid and have irrigation condition, for Winter-Spring without low temperature overcast and rainy day, weather is sunny, and soil layer is deep, fertile, row
The good region of water, and selected areas is under height above sea level 600m；
S2, the addressing site preparation plan shelter-forest, irrigation and drainage system, road and other facilities according to terrain division of cells,
Two rake of the plough of field two, sets head, cogongrass, and the sundries such as big awns are cleaned out, and contour open loop mountain row or terraced fields are pressed in hillside fields；
S3, plant ground prepare, and select planting density, are colonized 4 × 3m early period, and harvest 3-5 Nian Houke is sparselyed fell in encryption row every strain
At 6 × 4m, field planting digs cave, is applied fertilizer in advance in planting pit hole, and carry out back soil to the planting pit hole after fertilising；
S4, it is described select seed to plant, choose polyembryony type seedling, Seedling Height is less than 50cm, and seedling trunk diameter is in 0.5-
Between 0.8cm, and bottom root system is damaged without apparent fracture and missing；
S5, treelet management, are divided into treelet fertilising and treelet pruning, and treelet is applied fertilizer based on nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer, appropriate to cooperate
Potash fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer such as calcium superphosphate, bone meal mainly make base manure application, and top dressing is based on nitrogenous fertilizer, treelet pruning, in height of seedling 80-
100cm starts shaping, is divided into nature globular model tree crown shaping and naturally fan-shaped two kinds of shaping of tree crown；
S6, the bearing-age tree management are divided into bearing-age tree fertilising and bearing-age tree pruning, and bearing-age tree applies fertilizer based on nitrogen, potash fertilizer,
The dosage of potassium is no less than nitrogen, and cooperates phosphorus, calcium, fertiliser containing magnesium, bearing-age tree pruning with it is short cut and dredge delete based on；
S7, the trees results management, florescence alternation, fruit and bagging phylactocarp at pollination respectively, to change the florescence, so that harvest time
In advance, the addition fruit retention for carrying out growth regulator, carries out the volume increase of mango, and 1-2 is bloomed before plant, its pollination of human assistance,
The solid probability of mango is improved, the young fruit of deformation abnormity is extractd, carries out the supply of plant nutrition, and carries out the set of fruit in harvest time
Bag protection, bagging time are chosen at 30-35 days before Ripening of Mango Fruit During Storage.
Preferably, prepare to the plant in the S3, for the wide open digging of planting pit having a size of each 80 cm and 70cm of wide depth, corruption is applied in cave
Ripe pig, cow dung or farmyard manure 20-30kg, the lime of calcium superphosphate 0.5-1kg and 1kg, fertilizer and surface soil mix go back to cave,
Field planting, if any irrigation condition, in southwest and can also be colonized the south 9-10 month preferably being colonized the 6-8 month, and be such as packed in bag seedling, non-dry
Nonirrigated farmland area can be colonized in the 3-5 month, preferably being colonized before cloudy day or rain.
Preferably, it selects seed to plant in the S4, when choosing bagged seedlings field planting, mass of soil cannot be jammed on, form burying loosely
Kind of region, field planting depth are advisable with rootstock grading face, and drenching after plant root water and adds withered and yellow rice straw mulching, and overlay area is greater than leaching
Water area area.
Preferably, in the treelet fertilising of the S5 treelet management, annular groove, In are opened up being located at treelet trunk 15-25cm
The irrigation and surface layer earthen backfill of fertilizer are carried out in slot, treelet is applied fertilizer based on nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer, suitably cooperation potash fertilizer, calcium superphosphate, bone
The phosphate fertilizer such as powder mainly make base manure application, and top dressing starts top dressing when extracting the 1-2 tip out based on nitrogenous fertilizer, after plant, 3,5,7, September respectively applies
Top dressing applies urea 10-20g for every plant every time, and 9Yue Shi compound fertilizer can apply the liquid fertilizer of 1-2% or the loose stool water of 1:4 such as day drought,
Second year fertilizer application amount doubles.Expand cave applying organic manure, every plant of green manuring 50kg, pig, cow dung or farmyard manure in 6-8 monthly closing entry combined pressure blueness
20-30kg or peanut cake, calcium superphosphate 0.5-1kg.
Preferably, in the treelet pruning of the S5 treelet management, dry height of seedling 80- is determined in natural globular model tree crown shaping
Pinching or cutting back when 100cm select and remain 3-5 growing situation phase after promoting trunk branch, culture major branch trunk to branch out at 50-70cm
When, position it is moderate give over to major branch, remaining excision, if growing situation difference is big or position is inappropriate, can by drawing, layer item or artificial
Traction is corrected, and major branch and trunk angle are kept for 50-70 °；Culture secondary main branch plucks top when major branch extends 60-70cm, promotes
Its branch selects and remain branch similar in 3 growing situations at 50-60cm, and two of them give over to secondary main branch, and upper one of top gives over to major branch and prolongs
Continuous branch stays the second layer secondary main branch when continuing branch elongation 50-60cm again；If method stays third layer and the 4th layer of secondary main branch again, stayed
Secondary main branch should should be greater than 45 ° with main branch angles with major branch in a plane, avoid branch from being overlapped or intersect, secondary main branch is long not
It is preferably more than major branch；Auxiliary support branch and its processing by the branch of secondary main branch pumping can develop into a group, can also develop into bearing basal shoot, no
It preferably wipes out, to the suitable cutting back of the enriching shoot of excessive growth, promotes branch, to keep the dependence of branch, to tree-like vertical branch is upset, hand over
Fork or overlapping branch should be wiped out, and as a result after 2-3, some group growing situations die down or position is inappropriate, influence tree crown ventilation and penetrating light
Person gradually removes.
Preferably, in the bearing-age tree fertilising of the S6 bearing-age tree management, fertilizer placement chooses the annular groove immediately below tree crown
It is interior, apply flower forcing fertilizer the flower forcing fertilizer 10-11 month, within 4 meters of tree crown, every plant is applied urea and potassium sulfate each 150g or compound fertilizer 250g,
Tree crown increases, and dose is increase accordingly；Thank to fertilizers for potted flowers when the amount of blooming is big, thank spend after every plant apply urea 100-150g, or combine
1% urea is added in spray or potassium nitrate makees foliage top dressing；Fruit-promoting fertilizer is thanked spend after increase the phase rapidly for fruit within about 30 days, and children
The age bearing-age tree spring tip pumping phase, this should impose nitrogen, potash fertilizer 1-2 times in first 15 days up to harvest, or make foliage top dressing, to guarantee fruit
Nutrient needed for development；Shi Chongfei immediately after fertile fruit picking, can first apply instant nitrogenousfertilizer before and after receiving fruit in good year, every plant is applied after fruit
Urea 150-200g, thereafter organic fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer again.
Preferably, in the bearing-age tree pruning of the S6 bearing-age tree management, trimming is in mid or late October before bud differentiation
Overstocked branch, the weak branch of yin are removed, sick branch, intersection, overlapping and the branch of excessive growth increase tree crown light transmittance, promote bud differentiation, to growth
Cross that prosperous, fruitless plant by major branch girding, girdling, wire-tie and the methods of can be completely cured and inhibit plant strain growth for many years,
Promote bud differentiation；(the about 3-4 month) wipes out the bennet and branch for influencing fruit development after the second physiological drop, removes deformity
Fruit, disease pest fruit and too small abortion fruit, coherent easily pick up of two fruits invite insect pest, should remove one, a fringe fruit retains 3-4
Normotrophic fruit can take the circumstances into consideration cutting back to non-result or fruitless branch of blooming, and promote to take out the tip, cultivate the result in the coming year
Female branch can also increase the light transmittance of tree crown；The base portion 2-3 of timely cutting back fruitful branch to the secondary tip is saved after fruit picking, is such as occurred between strain
Branch intersects, can cutting back until not intersecting, in tree crown sick branch, it is overstocked, intersect, overlapping branch and the weak branch of yin are dredged
Remove, to due to many years result the branch and the branch of excessive growth of failure should generally wipe out, but as position be suitable for or tree crown it is weak, can also
Cutting back updates, rejuvenation tree crown；The old and the weak tree can be cut rejuvenating again, cut major branch again at from trunk 60-80cm, cultivated again
Skeleton branch and branch group, root system also carry out corresponding cutting back, inspire new root, can be deep, each 40-50cm of width from trunk 2m or so digging
Annular groove, applies decomposed barnyard manure or compost, induces new root, the cutting strunk time preferably March October to next year, updated plant
Strain, just can there is preferable harvest under normal management after 2 years.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the cultivar of the acid red soil of south China area selenium-rich mango
Plant method, can be carried out at the suitable position in acid red soil of south China area selenium-rich mango open loop mountain row or a large amount of kinds of terraced fields
It plants, improves the utilization rate in acid red soil of south China area, reduce the management in idle time in characteristic of acid red soil area, while selenium-rich mango being facilitated to plant
The selection plantation of strain, improves the cultivating and growing yield of selenium-rich mango, overcomes the soil nutrient slight of stature in acid red soil of south China area,
The problem of not being suitable for the plantation of plant cultivated since long, can be improved the production survival rate and setting percentage of selenium-rich mango plant, effectively
Avoid the absorption of nutriment is wasted during plant strain growth so that the selenium-rich mango grown up to is in mouthfeel and nutritive value
Not less than the cultivation mango in good environment, there are obvious and good practical functions.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is present invention cultivation process step schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
The technical scheme in the embodiments of the invention will be clearly and completely described below, it is clear that described implementation
Example is only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, this field is common
Technical staff's every other embodiment obtained without making creative work belongs to the model that the present invention protects
It encloses.
Embodiment 1
Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention provides a kind of cultivating and growing method of acid red soil of south China area selenium-rich mango, including following step
Rapid: planting site addressing → addressing site preparation → preparing to plant → selects seed plant → treelet management → bearing-age tree management → trees result pipe
Reason；
S1, planting site addressing choose 21-27 DEG C of mean temperature, and most cold 12 DEG C of moon samming or more, frostless, annual rainfall is not less than
Though 1300 millimeters or arid and have irrigation condition, for Winter-Spring without low temperature overcast and rainy day, weather is sunny, and soil layer is deep, fertile, draining
Good region, and selected areas is under height above sea level 600m；
S2, addressing site preparation plan shelter-forest, irrigation and drainage system, road and other facilities, field according to terrain division of cells
Two ploughs, two rake, sets head, cogongrass, and the sundries such as big awns are cleaned out, and contour open loop mountain row or terraced fields are pressed in hillside fields；
S3, it planting ground and prepares, select planting density, be colonized 4 × 3m early period, harvest 3-5 Nian Houke in encryption row sparselys fell into 6 every strain ×
4m, field planting dig cave, are applied fertilizer in advance in planting pit hole, and carry out back soil to the planting pit hole after fertilising；
S4, select seed to plant, choose polyembryony type seedling, Seedling Height be less than 50cm, and seedling trunk diameter 0.5-0.8cm it
Between, and bottom root system is damaged without apparent fracture and missing；
S5, treelet management, are divided into treelet fertilising and treelet pruning, and treelet is applied fertilizer based on nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer, suitably cooperation potassium
Fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer such as calcium superphosphate, bone meal mainly make base manure application, and top dressing is based on nitrogenous fertilizer, treelet pruning, in height of seedling 80-
100cm starts shaping, is divided into nature globular model tree crown shaping and naturally fan-shaped two kinds of shaping of tree crown；
S6, bearing-age tree management are divided into bearing-age tree fertilising and bearing-age tree pruning, and bearing-age tree applies fertilizer based on nitrogen, potash fertilizer, potassium
Dosage is no less than nitrogen, and cooperates phosphorus, calcium, fertiliser containing magnesium, bearing-age tree pruning with it is short cut and dredge delete based on；
S7, trees results management, florescence alternation, fruit and bagging phylactocarp at pollination respectively, to change the florescence, so that harvest time mentions
Before, the addition fruit retention of growth regulator is carried out, the volume increase of mango is carried out, 1-2 is bloomed before plant, its pollination of human assistance mentions
The high solid probability of mango extracts the young fruit of deformation abnormity, carries out the supply of plant nutrition, and the bagging of fruit is carried out in harvest time
Protection, bagging time are chosen at 30-35 days before Ripening of Mango Fruit During Storage.
Prepare to plant in S3, for the wide open digging of planting pit having a size of each 80 cm and 70cm of wide depth, decomposed pig, cow dung are applied in cave
Or farmyard manure 20-30kg, the lime of calcium superphosphate 0.5-1kg and 1kg, fertilizer and surface soil mix go back to cave, are colonized with the 6-8 month
Field planting preferably, if any irrigation condition, in southwest and can also be colonized the south 9-10 month, and be such as packed in bag seedling, can be in non-arid area
The 3-5 month is colonized, preferably being colonized before cloudy day or rain.
It selects seed to plant in S4, when choosing bagged seedlings field planting, mass of soil cannot be jammed on, form seed covering region loosely, be colonized
Depth is advisable with rootstock grading face, drench after plant root water and add withered and yellow rice straw mulching, overlay area be greater than water drenching region area.
In the treelet fertilising of S5 treelet management, annular groove is opened up being located at treelet trunk 15-25cm, fertilizer is carried out in slot
Irrigation and surface layer earthen backfill, treelet applies fertilizer based on nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer, suitably cooperation potash fertilizer, and the phosphate fertilizer such as calcium superphosphate, bone meal are main
Make base manure application, top dressing starts top dressing when extracting the 1-2 tip out based on nitrogenous fertilizer, after plant, 3,5,7, each Shi Yici top dressing of September, often
Secondary every plant is applied urea 10-20g, and 9Yue Shi compound fertilizer can apply the liquid fertilizer of 1-2% or the loose stool water of 1:4, second year fertilizer application amount such as day drought
It doubles.Expand cave applying organic manure, every plant of green manuring 50kg, pig, cow dung or farmyard manure 20-30kg, or flower in 6-8 monthly closing entry combined pressure blueness
Raw cake, calcium superphosphate 0.5-1kg.
In the treelet pruning of S5 treelet management, natural globular model tree crown shaping determine when dry height of seedling 80-100cm pinching or
Cutting back selects and remain that 3-5 growing situation is suitable, and position is moderate after promoting trunk branch, culture major branch trunk to branch out at 50-70cm
Major branch is given over to, remaining excision can be corrected if growing situation difference is big or position is inappropriate by drawing, layer item or artificial traction,
Major branch and trunk angle are kept for 50-70 °；Culture secondary main branch plucks top when major branch extends 60-70cm, promotes its branch, in 50-
Branch similar in 3 growing situations is selected and remain at 60cm, two of them give over to secondary main branch, push up upper one and give over to major branch continuity branch, wait continue
Second layer secondary main branch is stayed again when branch elongation 50-60cm；As method stays third layer and the 4th layer of secondary main branch, stayed secondary main branch Ying Yuzhu again
Branch should be greater than 45 ° with main branch angles in a plane, avoid branch from being overlapped or intersect, secondary main branch is long no more than major branch；It is auxiliary
A group can be developed by the branch of secondary main branch pumping by supporting branch and its processing, can also be developed into bearing basal shoot, should not be wiped out, to excessive growth
Property the suitable cutting back of enriching shoot, promote branch, to keep the dependence of branch, to tree-like vertical branch is upset, intersect or overlapping branch is answered
It gives and wiping out, as a result after 2-3, some group growing situations die down or position is inappropriate, influence tree crown ventilation and penetrating light person or gradually dredge
It removes.
In the bearing-age tree fertilising of S6 bearing-age tree management, fertilizer placement is chosen in the annular groove immediately below tree crown, flower forcing fertilizer 10-
It is fertile to apply flower forcing November, within 4 meters of tree crown, every plant is applied urea and potassium sulfate each 150g or compound fertilizer 250g, and tree crown increases, fertilising
Amount is increase accordingly；Thank to fertilizers for potted flowers when the amount of blooming is big, thank spend after every plant apply urea 100-150g, or combine spray be added 1% urine
Element or potassium nitrate make foliage top dressing；Fruit-promoting fertilizer is thanked spend after increase phase and the young age bearing-age tree spring tip rapidly for fruit within about 30 days and take out
The raw phase, this should impose nitrogen, potash fertilizer 1-2 times in first 15 days up to harvest, or make foliage top dressing, to guarantee to support needed for fruit development
Point；Shi Chongfei immediately after fertile fruit picking, can first apply instant nitrogenousfertilizer in good year, every plant is applied urea 150- before and after receiving fruit after fruit
200g, thereafter organic fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer again.
In the bearing-age tree pruning of S6 bearing-age tree management, before bud differentiation trimming removed in mid or late October overstocked branch,
The weak branch of yin, sick branch, intersection, overlapping and the branch of excessive growth increase tree crown light transmittance, promote bud differentiation, not to over growth, many years
As a result plant by major branch girding, girdling, wire-tie and the methods of can be completely cured and inhibit plant strain growth, promote bud point
Change；(the about 3-4 month) wipes out the bennet and branch for influencing fruit development after the second physiological drop, removes malformed fruit, disease pest fruit
And too small abortion fruit, coherent easily pick up of two fruits invite insect pest, should remove one, it is normal that a fringe fruit retains 3-4 development
Fruit, cutting back can be taken the circumstances into consideration to non-result or fruitless branch of blooming, promote to take out the tip, cultivate the bearing basal shoot in the coming year,
The light transmittance of tree crown can be increased；The base portion 2-3 of timely cutting back fruitful branch to the secondary tip is saved after fruit picking, and branch is handed between such as there is strain
Fork, can cutting back until not intersecting, in tree crown sick branch, it is overstocked, intersect, overlapping branch and the weak branch of yin are removed, to because
The branch and the branch of excessive growth of many years result and failure should generally be wiped out, but as position is suitable for or tree crown is weak, can also cutting back more
Newly, rejuvenation tree crown；The old and the weak tree can be cut rejuvenating again, cut major branch again at from trunk 60-80cm, cultivated skeleton branch again
With branch group, root system also carries out corresponding cutting back, inspires new root, can dig deep, each 40-50cm of width ring-type from trunk 2m or so
Ditch, applies decomposed barnyard manure or compost, induces new root, the cutting strunk time preferably March October to next year, updated plant, In
Normal management just can have preferable harvest after lower 2 years.
Although the present invention is described in detail referring to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art,
It is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or part of technical characteristic is carried out etc.
With replacement, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in this
Within the protection scope of invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of cultivating and growing method of acid red soil of south China area selenium-rich mango, which comprises the following steps: plantation
Ground addressing → addressing site preparation → preparing to plant → selects seed plant → treelet management → bearing-age tree management → trees results management；
S1, the planting site addressing choose 21-27 DEG C of mean temperature, and most cold 12 DEG C of moon samming or more, frostless, annual rainfall is not low
Though in 1300 millimeters or arid and have irrigation condition, for Winter-Spring without low temperature overcast and rainy day, weather is sunny, and soil layer is deep, fertile, row
The good region of water, and selected areas is under height above sea level 600m；
S2, the addressing site preparation plan shelter-forest, irrigation and drainage system, road and other facilities according to terrain division of cells,
Two rake of the plough of field two, sets head, cogongrass, and the sundries such as big awns are cleaned out, and contour open loop mountain row or terraced fields are pressed in hillside fields；
S3, plant ground prepare, and select planting density, are colonized 4 × 3m early period, and harvest 3-5 Nian Houke is sparselyed fell in encryption row every strain
At 6 × 4m, field planting digs cave, is applied fertilizer in advance in planting pit hole, and carry out back soil to the planting pit hole after fertilising；
S4, it is described select seed to plant, choose polyembryony type seedling, Seedling Height is less than 50cm, and seedling trunk diameter is in 0.5-
Between 0.8cm, and bottom root system is damaged without apparent fracture and missing；
S5, treelet management, are divided into treelet fertilising and treelet pruning, and treelet is applied fertilizer based on nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer, appropriate to cooperate
Potash fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer such as calcium superphosphate, bone meal mainly make base manure application, and top dressing is based on nitrogenous fertilizer, treelet pruning, in height of seedling 80-
100cm starts shaping, is divided into nature globular model tree crown shaping and naturally fan-shaped two kinds of shaping of tree crown；
S6, the bearing-age tree management are divided into bearing-age tree fertilising and bearing-age tree pruning, and bearing-age tree applies fertilizer based on nitrogen, potash fertilizer,
The dosage of potassium is no less than nitrogen, and cooperates phosphorus, calcium, fertiliser containing magnesium, bearing-age tree pruning with it is short cut and dredge delete based on；
S7, the trees results management, florescence alternation, fruit and bagging phylactocarp at pollination respectively, to change the florescence, so that harvest time
In advance, the addition fruit retention for carrying out growth regulator, carries out the volume increase of mango, and 1-2 is bloomed before plant, its pollination of human assistance,
The solid probability of mango is improved, the young fruit of deformation abnormity is extractd, carries out the supply of plant nutrition, and carries out the set of fruit in harvest time
Bag protection, bagging time are chosen at 30-35 days before Ripening of Mango Fruit During Storage.
2. a kind of cultivating and growing method of acid red soil of south China area selenium-rich mango according to claim 1, feature exist
In: prepare to plant in the S3, the wide open digging of planting pit having a size of each 80 cm and 70cm of wide depth, cave apply decomposed pig, cow dung or
Farmyard manure 20-30kg, the lime of calcium superphosphate 0.5-1kg and 1kg, fertilizer and surface soil mix go back to cave, and field planting is fixed with the 6-8 month
It plants preferably, if any irrigation condition, in southwest and can also be colonized the south 9-10 month, be such as packed in bag seedling, can be in 3-5 in non-arid area
Moon field planting, preferably being colonized before cloudy day or rain.
3. a kind of cultivating and growing method of acid red soil of south China area selenium-rich mango according to claim 1, feature exist
In: it selects seed to plant in the S4, when choosing bagged seedlings field planting, mass of soil cannot be jammed on, form seed covering region loosely, field planting is deep
Degree be advisable with rootstock grading face, drench after plant root water and add withered and yellow rice straw mulching, overlay area be greater than water drenching region area.
4. a kind of cultivating and growing method of acid red soil of south China area selenium-rich mango according to claim 1, feature exist
In: in the treelet fertilising of the S5 treelet management, annular groove is opened up being located at treelet trunk 15-25cm, fertilizer is carried out in slot
Irrigation and surface layer earthen backfill, treelet applies fertilizer based on nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer, suitably cooperation potash fertilizer, and the phosphate fertilizer such as calcium superphosphate, bone meal are main
Make base manure application, top dressing starts top dressing when extracting the 1-2 tip out based on nitrogenous fertilizer, after plant, 3,5,7, each Shi Yici top dressing of September, often
Secondary every plant is applied urea 10-20g, and 9Yue Shi compound fertilizer can apply the liquid fertilizer of 1-2% or the loose stool water of 1:4, second year fertilizer application amount such as day drought
It doubles.Expand cave applying organic manure, every plant of green manuring 50kg, pig, cow dung or farmyard manure 20-30kg, or flower in 6-8 monthly closing entry combined pressure blueness
Raw cake, calcium superphosphate 0.5-1kg.
5. a kind of cultivating and growing method of acid red soil of south China area selenium-rich mango according to claim 1, feature exist
In: in the treelet pruning of S5 treelet management, natural globular model tree crown shaping determine when dry height of seedling 80-100cm pinching or
Cutting back selects and remain that 3-5 growing situation is suitable, and position is moderate after promoting trunk branch, culture major branch trunk to branch out at 50-70cm
Major branch is given over to, remaining excision can be corrected if growing situation difference is big or position is inappropriate by drawing, layer item or artificial traction,
Major branch and trunk angle are kept for 50-70 °；Culture secondary main branch plucks top when major branch extends 60-70cm, promotes its branch, in 50-
Branch similar in 3 growing situations is selected and remain at 60cm, two of them give over to secondary main branch, push up upper one and give over to major branch continuity branch, wait continue
Second layer secondary main branch is stayed again when branch elongation 50-60cm；As method stays third layer and the 4th layer of secondary main branch, stayed secondary main branch Ying Yuzhu again
Branch should be greater than 45 ° with main branch angles in a plane, avoid branch from being overlapped or intersect, secondary main branch is long no more than major branch；It is auxiliary
A group can be developed by the branch of secondary main branch pumping by supporting branch and its processing, can also be developed into bearing basal shoot, should not be wiped out, to excessive growth
Property the suitable cutting back of enriching shoot, promote branch, to keep the dependence of branch, to tree-like vertical branch is upset, intersect or overlapping branch is answered
It gives and wiping out, as a result after 2-3, some group growing situations die down or position is inappropriate, influence tree crown ventilation and penetrating light person or gradually dredge
It removes.
6. a kind of cultivating and growing method of acid red soil of south China area selenium-rich mango according to claim 1, feature exist
In: in the bearing-age tree fertilising of the S6 bearing-age tree management, fertilizer placement is chosen in the annular groove immediately below tree crown, flower forcing fertilizer 10-
It is fertile to apply flower forcing November, within 4 meters of tree crown, every plant is applied urea and potassium sulfate each 150g or compound fertilizer 250g, and tree crown increases, fertilising
Amount is increase accordingly；Thank to fertilizers for potted flowers when the amount of blooming is big, thank spend after every plant apply urea 100-150g, or combine spray be added 1% urine
Element or potassium nitrate make foliage top dressing；Fruit-promoting fertilizer is thanked spend after increase phase and the young age bearing-age tree spring tip rapidly for fruit within about 30 days and take out
The raw phase, this should impose nitrogen, potash fertilizer 1-2 times in first 15 days up to harvest, or make foliage top dressing, to guarantee to support needed for fruit development
Point；Shi Chongfei immediately after fertile fruit picking, can first apply instant nitrogenousfertilizer in good year, every plant is applied urea 150- before and after receiving fruit after fruit
200g, thereafter organic fertilizer and phosphate fertilizer again.
7. a kind of cultivating and growing method of acid red soil of south China area selenium-rich mango according to claim 1, feature exist
In: in the bearing-age tree pruning of the S6 bearing-age tree management, trimming removes overstocked branch, yin in mid or late October before bud differentiation
Weak branch, sick branch, intersection, overlapping and the branch of excessive growth increase tree crown light transmittance, promote bud differentiation, do not tie to over growth, many years
The plant of fruit by major branch girding, girdling, wire-tie and the methods of can be completely cured and inhibit plant strain growth, promote bud differentiation；
(the about 3-4 month) wipes out the bennet and branch for influencing fruit development after the second physiological drop, removes malformed fruit, disease pest fruit and mistake
Small abortion fruit, coherent easily pick up of two fruits invite insect pest, should remove one, a fringe fruit retains 3-4 normotrophic fruits
, cutting back can be taken the circumstances into consideration to non-result or fruitless branch of blooming, promote to take out the tip, cultivate the bearing basal shoot in the coming year, can also increase
Add the light transmittance of tree crown；The base portion 2-3 of timely cutting back fruitful branch to the secondary tip is saved after fruit picking, and branch intersects between such as there is strain, can
Cutting back removes sick branch, overstocked, intersection, overlapping branch and the weak branch of yin in tree crown, is tied to because of many years until not intersecting
The branch and the branch of excessive growth of fruit and failure should generally be wiped out, but as position is suitable for or tree crown is weak, can also cutting back update, rejuvenation
Tree crown；The old and the weak tree can be cut rejuvenating again, cut major branch again at from trunk 60-80cm, cultivate skeleton branch and branch group again,
Root system also carries out corresponding cutting back, inspires new root, can dig deep, each 40-50cm of width annular groove from trunk 2m or so, apply rotten
Ripe barnyard manure or compost, induce new root, the cutting strunk time preferably March October to next year, updated plant, under normal management
Just there can be preferable harvest after 2 years.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111543239A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-08-18 | 三亚游龙农业开发有限公司 | Anti-season mango cultivation method |
| CN112514728A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-03-19 | 云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所 | Planting method for mixed seeds of Aomanga and ananas sakyamuni |
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| CN114391407A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-26 | 贵州省亚热带作物研究所 | Method for improving inherent quality of bagged mangoes |
| CN114946495A (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-08-30 | 上海应用技术大学 | Shoot control and flower promotion method for potted castus paniculatus |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111543239A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-08-18 | 三亚游龙农业开发有限公司 | Anti-season mango cultivation method |
| CN112514728A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-03-19 | 云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所 | Planting method for mixed seeds of Aomanga and ananas sakyamuni |
| CN112535056A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-03-23 | 云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所 | Alternate cultivation method for Aohuang alternate plants |
| CN112690161A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-04-23 | 云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所 | Mixed planting method of Miscanthus sinensis and sweet oranges in dry-hot valley region |
| CN112514728B (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2023-10-10 | 云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所 | Planting method for mixed seeds of Aoan mango and pineapple Sakya |
| CN112690161B (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2024-01-30 | 云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所 | Mixed planting method for Australian and sweet oranges in dry-heat valley area |
| CN114391407A (en) * | 2021-12-29 | 2022-04-26 | 贵州省亚热带作物研究所 | Method for improving inherent quality of bagged mangoes |
| CN114946495A (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-08-30 | 上海应用技术大学 | Shoot control and flower promotion method for potted castus paniculatus |
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