CN113711832A - Method for pruning and protecting flowers and fruits in flowering period of citrus young trees - Google Patents
Method for pruning and protecting flowers and fruits in flowering period of citrus young trees Download PDFInfo
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- CN113711832A CN113711832A CN202111025972.2A CN202111025972A CN113711832A CN 113711832 A CN113711832 A CN 113711832A CN 202111025972 A CN202111025972 A CN 202111025972A CN 113711832 A CN113711832 A CN 113711832A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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Abstract
The invention discloses a flower and fruit pruning method for a citrus young tree in a flowering phase, which is characterized in that after buds of citrus emerge, the pruning for the buds and the flowers is carried out in the whole time period from the size of a flower bud and mung bean to the fading and the shedding of petals, and comprises the following operations: the top of the crown: pruning the mother branches with the autumn tips of more than 0.3cm from the top of the crown from the base, and only reserving weak autumn tips as the mother branches; re-shrinking and trimming the bud-free branch group, and controlling the height of the crown within 2.2 m; only keeping leafy flower branches and leafless flower branches within three leaves for the mother branches with few buds, and cutting off all the other branches; the middle upper part of the crown: the branch tips are treated according to the principle of from outside to inside and according to the types and thicknesses of the branch tips; the lower part of the crown: cutting off all branch tips below 30cm from the ground, thinning out the clustered new tips, and shrinking and shearing weak branches. The invention can effectively solve the problem of fruiting of the oranges in the year and year, can improve the plant yield of the oranges by 60-90 percent, and has the high-quality fruit rate of over 80 percent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crop cultivation, in particular to a method for pruning and protecting flowers and fruits in a flowering period of a citrus young tree.
Background
Orange pruning is an important technical measure for orange cultivation and can be carried out all the year round, but the effects and the effects of the pruning in different periods are different. The orange flower phase pruning aims to regulate the contradiction between the vegetative growth and the reproductive growth of orange trees, control the vegetative growth of young trees, promote the reproductive growth of young trees, and ensure that the nutrients of tree bodies are supplied to flower buds and the growth and development of flower organs in a centralized way, thereby improving the flower quality, cultivating robust flower buds, laying a foundation for improving the fruit setting rate of oranges, and realizing the purposes of flower and fruit retention, yield increase and income increase.
In an orange garden, due to differences of site conditions, fruit bearing quantity in the first year, tree vigor and management level in place, year-to-year phenomena are inevitable in orange cultivation production, meanwhile, the year-to-year trees and the young trees also exist in the same orange garden in the year, the year-to-year fruiting phenomenon of the orange garden with improper management is particularly serious, the income fall of orange planters is large, the enthusiasm of fruit growers is seriously influenced, and even the development of the orange industry is influenced, so that the regulation and control of the year-to-year responsibilities and obligations of each agricultural science and technology worker need to take measures, master principles and gradually regulate the citrus.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for pruning and protecting flowers and fruits of citrus juveniles in a flowering period, which can effectively solve the problem of fruit bearing of the citrus juveniles in large and small years, can effectively realize the high-yield, stable-yield and high-quality targets of green citrus juveniles, and effectively improve the yield and quality of the citrus juveniles in small years.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a flower and fruit pruning method for a citrus young tree in a flowering phase includes the following steps:
(1) the top of the crown: firstly, cutting off the fruiting mother branches of autumn tips of more than 0.3cm from the top of a crown from the base, and only keeping weak autumn tips as fruiting mother branches; secondly, the bud-free branch groups are re-retracted and trimmed, the height of the tree crown is controlled within 2.2m, and the effects of inhibiting the top advantage and improving the ventilation and light transmission of the tree body are achieved; thirdly, only leafy flower branches and leafless flower branches within three leaves are reserved for the mother branches with few buds and fruiting, and the other branch tips are completely cut off, so that the purpose of bud occurrence is achieved;
(2) the middle upper part of the crown: the branch tips are treated differently according to the species and the thickness of the branch tips according to the principle of 'from outside to inside'; firstly, respectively processing the autumn-tip fruiting mother branches at the middle upper part of the crown according to the thickness of the base, and cutting off the mother branches from the base with the thickness of more than 0.5 cm; only keeping less than 3 leaves with leaf and branch sections within 0.5cm, and cutting off the rest parts by adopting a short shearing method; secondly, only the leafy flowering branch and the leafless flowering branch within three leaves extracted in the current year are reserved as bearing branches for the spring tip bearing mother branch at the middle upper part of the crown; thirdly, the stalk branches are processed: 99% of the carpopodium branches are cut from the base part, and only the branches with buds; the fruit stalk branches usually have leaf buds and flower buds growing together and are in a fasciculate state, so that more than 3 leaves with leaf branches and nutritional young shoots are removed;
(3) the lower part of the crown: cutting off all branch tips below 30cm from the ground, thinning out the clustered new tips, and shrinking and shearing weak branches.
Furthermore, after buds of the citrus young tree emerge, all spring shoots germinating in the current year at the top and the middle upper part of the crown are cut off, only effective flower branches are reserved, and the result is that only flower buds are visible and no new shoots are visible at the periphery of the crown through the intuitive effects of bud preservation and flower preservation trimming.
Furthermore, each tree needs to be pruned for 2-3 times at a time interval of 7-10 days, so that a remarkable yield increase effect can be achieved; after the first omnibearing fine pruning, the second re-pruning only needs to prune more than 3 leafy flower branches and nutritional new shoots sent out on the bearing mother branches and erase the bud of pruning openings; the third time of the supplementary shearing only needs to shear (smear) more than 3 spring shoots.
Furthermore, in citrus juveniles, the flowering phase pruning is based on fruiting mother branches, and the number of leaves of flowers extracted from the mother branches is used for determining the 'leaving and remaining' of the mother branches.
Furthermore, the pruning amount is determined according to the types (autumn tips, spring tips, fruit handle branches) and the thicknesses of the autumn tips of the fruiting mother branches based on the fruiting mother branches in the minor orange year.
The invention adjusts the contradiction between vegetative growth and reproductive growth of the citrus young tree by pruning in the flowering phase, controls the vegetative growth, promotes the reproductive growth, and enables the nutrients of the tree body to be supplied to flower buds and flower organs, thereby improving the flower quality, achieving the purposes of flower and fruit retention and yield increase, and under the same cultivation and management conditions, the technique can improve the plant yield of the citrus by 60-90 percent and the high-quality fruit rate by more than 80 percent.
The method can effectively solve the problem of fruiting of the oranges in large and small years, realize the aim of green high yield, stable yield and high quality of the oranges, effectively improve the annual output and quality of the oranges, is simple, efficient, green and environment-friendly, is easy to popularize, and can generate great economic benefit and social benefit.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a flower and fruit pruning method for a citrus young tree in a flowering phase, wherein after buds of citrus emerge, the pruning for the buds and the flowers is carried out in the whole time period from the size of a flower bud and a mung bean to the fading and the shedding of petals, and the method specifically comprises the following operations:
(1) the top of the crown: firstly, cutting off the fruiting mother branches of autumn tips of more than 0.3cm from the top of a crown from the base, and only keeping weak autumn tips as fruiting mother branches; secondly, the bud-free branch groups are re-retracted and trimmed, the height of the tree crown is controlled within 2.2m, and the effects of inhibiting the top advantage and improving the ventilation and light transmission of the tree body are achieved; thirdly, only leafy flower branches and leafless flower branches within three leaves are reserved for the mother branches with few buds and fruiting, and the other branch tips are completely cut off, so that the purpose of bud occurrence is achieved;
(2) the middle upper part of the crown: the branch tips are treated differently according to the species and the thickness of the branch tips according to the principle of 'from outside to inside'; firstly, respectively processing the autumn-tip fruiting mother branches at the middle upper part of the crown according to the thickness of the base, and cutting off the mother branches from the base with the thickness of more than 0.5 cm; only keeping less than 3 leaves with leaf and branch sections within 0.5cm, and cutting off the rest parts by adopting a short shearing method; secondly, only the leafy flowering branch and the leafless flowering branch within three leaves extracted in the current year are reserved as bearing branches for the spring tip bearing mother branch at the middle upper part of the crown; thirdly, the stalk branches are processed: 99% of the carpopodium branches are cut from the base part, and only the branches with buds; the fruit stalk branches usually have leaf buds and flower buds growing together and are in a fasciculate state, so that more than 3 leaves with leaf branches and nutritional young shoots are removed;
(3) the lower part of the crown: cutting off all branch tips below 30cm from the ground, thinning out the clustered new tips, and shrinking and shearing weak branches.
It is worth noting that after buds of the citrus young tree emerge, spring shoots germinating in the current year at the top and middle upper part of the crown are all cut off, only effective flower branches are reserved, and the effect that the buds are only seen and no new shoots are grown at the periphery of the crown is achieved through the intuitive effect of bud preservation and flower preservation trimming.
It is worth noting that each tree needs to be pruned for 2-3 times with the time interval of 7-10 days, so as to achieve the obvious yield increase effect; after the first omnibearing fine pruning, the second re-pruning only needs to prune more than 3 leafy flower branches and nutritional new shoots sent out on the bearing mother branches and erase the bud of pruning openings; the third time of the supplementary shearing only needs to shear (smear) more than 3 spring shoots.
It is noted that in citrus juveniles, flowering pruning is based on fruiting mother branches, and the number of leaves of flowers extracted from the mother branches is used to determine the 'leaving and remaining' of the mother branches.
It is noted that the pruning quantity is determined according to the types (autumn tips, spring tips, fruit stalk tips) and the thicknesses of the autumn tips of the fruiting mother branches based on the fruiting mother branches in the minor years of the citrus.
The flower season pruning of the invention is the pruning of the whole time period from the bud green bean size after the citrus bud appears to fall off until the petals wither and fall off, the late and early stages and the length of the flower season are different according to the species, the variety and the climatic conditions of the citrus, and the period is about 40 days from the middle and the last ten days of 3 months to the end of the last ten days of 4 months in the state of eternal province in Hunan.
The invention provides a method for intuitively solving the problem that the flowering phase pruning step is 'from top to bottom, from outside to inside' by using a citrus tree body part decomposition method on a citrus young tree. The method regulates the contradiction between vegetative growth and reproductive growth of the citrus young trees through flowering phase pruning, controls the vegetative growth, promotes the reproductive growth, and enables the nutrients of tree bodies to be supplied to flower buds and flower organs in a centralized manner, thereby improving the flower quality, achieving the purposes of flower and fruit retention and yield increase, and under the same cultivation and management conditions, the method can improve the plant yield of the citrus by 60-90% and the high-quality fruit rate by more than 80%.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for pruning and protecting flowers and fruits in the flowering phase of a citrus young tree is characterized by comprising the following steps: pruning the buds and the flowers of the oranges in the whole time period from the size of the buds and the mung beans to the fading and the falling of the petals, and specifically comprises the following operations:
(1) the top of the crown: firstly, cutting off the fruiting mother branches of autumn tips of more than 0.3cm from the top of a crown from the base, and only keeping weak autumn tips as fruiting mother branches; secondly, re-shrinking and trimming the bud-free branch group, and controlling the height of the crown within 2.2 m; thirdly, only leafy flower branches and leafless flower branches within three leaves are reserved for the mother branches with few buds and fruiting fruits, and the other branch tips are completely cut off;
(2) the middle upper part of the crown: the branch tips are treated differently according to the species and the thickness of the branch tips according to the principle of 'from outside to inside'; firstly, respectively processing the autumn-tip fruiting mother branches at the middle upper part of the crown according to the thickness of the base, and cutting off the mother branches from the base with the thickness of more than 0.5 cm; only keeping less than 3 leaves with leaf and branch sections within 0.5cm, and cutting off the rest parts by adopting a short shearing method; secondly, only the leafy flowering branch and the leafless flowering branch within three leaves extracted in the current year are reserved as bearing branches for the spring tip bearing mother branch at the middle upper part of the crown; thirdly, the stalk branches are processed: 99 percent of fruit stem branches are cut from the base part, only branches with buds are reserved, and more than 3 leaves of flower branches with leaves and nutritional new shoots are removed;
(3) the lower part of the crown: cutting off all branch tips below 30cm from the ground, thinning out the clustered new tips, and shrinking and shearing weak branches.
2. The method for flowering phase pruning and fruit retention of citrus young trees according to claim 1, wherein: after buds of the young orange tree emerge, all spring shoots germinating in the current year at the top and middle upper parts of the crown of the orange tree are cut off, only effective flowering branches are reserved, and the orange tree is allowed to fruit.
3. The method for flowering phase pruning and fruit retention of citrus young trees according to claim 1, wherein: 2-3 times of pruning are carried out on each tree, and the time interval is 7-10 days, so that the remarkable yield increase effect can be achieved; after the first omnibearing fine pruning, the second re-pruning only needs to prune more than 3 leafy flower branches and nutritional new shoots sent out on the bearing mother branches and erase the bud of pruning openings; the third time of the supplementary shearing only needs to shear (smear) more than 3 leaves of spring shoots and cut buds.
4. The citrus minor year tree flowering pruning and fruit retention technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the citrus minor year, the flowering pruning is based on fruiting mother branches, and the number of leaves of flowers extracted from the mother branches is used for determining the 'leave' of the mother branches.
5. The technique for flowering and fruit retention in citrus juveniles as claimed in claim 1, wherein the flowering in citrus juveniles is based on fruiting mother branches, and the amount of pruning is determined according to the species of fruiting mother branches and the thickness of autumn tips.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111025972.2A CN113711832A (en) | 2021-09-02 | 2021-09-02 | Method for pruning and protecting flowers and fruits in flowering period of citrus young trees |
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| CN202111025972.2A CN113711832A (en) | 2021-09-02 | 2021-09-02 | Method for pruning and protecting flowers and fruits in flowering period of citrus young trees |
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| CN113711832A true CN113711832A (en) | 2021-11-30 |
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| CN202111025972.2A Pending CN113711832A (en) | 2021-09-02 | 2021-09-02 | Method for pruning and protecting flowers and fruits in flowering period of citrus young trees |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105613186A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-06-01 | 丽水市农业科学研究院 | Cultivation method for sweet tangelo |
| CN112205229A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2021-01-12 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Efficient cost-saving citrus cultivation method |
-
2021
- 2021-09-02 CN CN202111025972.2A patent/CN113711832A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105613186A (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2016-06-01 | 丽水市农业科学研究院 | Cultivation method for sweet tangelo |
| CN112205229A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2021-01-12 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Efficient cost-saving citrus cultivation method |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 冯小龙等: ""浅谈广西富川柑橘树修剪技术"", 《常绿果树》 * |
| 宜昌市图书馆编: "《柑桔文献信息撷萃》", 30 September 2000, 宜昌图书馆 * |
| 敖礼林: ""柑橘大小年结果的主要成因和综合防控措施"", 《果农之友》 * |
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Application publication date: 20211130 |