CN105580492A - 监控分布式天线系统(das)的覆盖区域内的不受支持的无线频谱 - Google Patents

监控分布式天线系统(das)的覆盖区域内的不受支持的无线频谱 Download PDF

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CN105580492A
CN105580492A CN201480052422.1A CN201480052422A CN105580492A CN 105580492 A CN105580492 A CN 105580492A CN 201480052422 A CN201480052422 A CN 201480052422A CN 105580492 A CN105580492 A CN 105580492A
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das
antenna
remote unit
monitoring module
radio frequency
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伊格尔·贝尔林
赖佛·莫什·丹尼尔
尤奥尼·赫尼亚
拉米·鲁文
莫提·雅可比
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Corning Optical Communications Wireless Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/24—Cell structures
    • H04W16/26—Cell enhancers or enhancement, e.g. for tunnels, building shadow
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
    • H04B10/2575—Radio-over-fibre, e.g. radio frequency signal modulated onto an optical carrier
    • H04B10/25752—Optical arrangements for wireless networks
    • H04B10/25753—Distribution optical network, e.g. between a base station and a plurality of remote units
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/022—Site diversity; Macro-diversity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/14—Spectrum sharing arrangements between different networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/02—Arrangements for optimising operational condition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/08—Testing, supervising or monitoring using real traffic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0453—Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/08—Access point devices
    • H04W88/085—Access point devices with remote components

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Optical Communication System (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了监控分布式天线系统(DAS)的覆盖区域内的不受支持的无线频谱，其中连接至所述DAS的远程单元的监听模块经由一或多个天线监控不受支持的无线频率(即，处于所述DAS的下行链路信号和上行链路信号支持的频率范围外的频率)。所述监听模块还将所述无线频率传输至连接至所述DAS的头端设备(HEE)的监控模块。以此方式，监控模块可以使用现有DAS基础结构来监控远程位置处无线频谱的不受支持的部分。除了避免对运行并行DAS基础结构的需要之外，所公开的布置还适用于共享频谱环境和需要有效频谱利用的其他环境。

Description

监控分布式天线系统(DAS)的覆盖区域内的不受支持的无线频谱
相关的申请案
本申请案根据35U.S.C.§120要求2013年7月23日提交的美国申请案号13/948,536的优先权权益，所述申请案的内容是本申请案的基础并以全文引用方式并入本文。
背景
本公开案总体涉及分布式天线系统(DAS)，并且更具体地涉及监控可结合DAS的覆盖区域使用的不受支持的无线频谱。
DAS可用于在建筑或其他安装设施内提供、扩展并增强无线通信和其他服务。一种部署DAS的方法涉及射频(RF)天线覆盖区域、也称为“天线覆盖区域”的使用。天线覆盖区域是由DAS中的远程单元提供。远程单元可提供具有在几米至多达二十(20)米范围内的半径的天线覆盖区域。如果所提供的天线覆盖区域各自覆盖较小区域，那么每个天线覆盖区域通常仅存在有几个用户(客户端)。这最小化无线系统用户间共享的RF带宽量。可能需要在建筑或其他设施中提供天线覆盖区域，以提供对设施内的客户端的室内DAS访问。基于光纤的DAS可用于经由光纤载无线电(RoF)分布来分布RF通信信号。
DAS中的远程单元可配置成在多个射频带(即频率或频率范围)中分布RF通信信号，这与单射频带相反。在天线覆盖区域中、将RF通信信号分布在多个射频带中增加DAS的灵活性。在这个情境中，被配置成在不同的射频带中通信的客户端装置在远程单元所提供的给定天线覆盖区域中是受到支持的。
天线覆盖区域内的无线频谱通常包含来自其他源和周围电磁(EM)信号并且处于不受DAS支持的射频带中的无线信号。这些EM信号有时包括DAS客户端使用的受支持频率以及不受支持的无线频率。可能需要检测并监控与DAS远程单元相关联的远程位置中的不受支持的环境频率。另外，一些附加设备(诸如，物理上远离远程单元定位的小型蜂窝基站模块)接收环境频率信息作为其初始化和配置过程的部分，例如，以便避免受到来自环境和其他源的小型蜂窝基站的下行链路或其他信道的干扰。因此，还可能需要检测并监控在添加或配置连接至DAS的附加设备时不受支持的无线频率。
并不承认本文中引用的任何参考文献构成现有技术。本申请人明确保留对质疑任何引用文件的准确性和切合性的权力。
概述
本公开案的实施方式涉及监控分布式天线系统(DAS)的覆盖区域内的不受支持的无线频谱。还公开了相关装置以及方法。不受支持的无线频谱指不对应于DAS的一或多个无线服务的无线频率，并且也可称为带外频谱。在一个实施方式中，连接至DAS的远程单元的监听模块被配置成经由天线接收电磁信号。监听模块被配置成将所接收的不同于DAS的受支持频率的不受支持的无线频率传递至监听模块的输出端。在一些实例中，一或多个滤波器也配置成传递不受支持的频率，并且可配置成将一或多个受支持频率传递至输出端。在其他实例中，天线为配置成将所有频率传递至输出端的宽带天线。在其他实例中，滤波器配置成防止一些或所有受支持频率(即对应于DAS的一或多个无线服务的频率)传递至输出端。
以此方式，监控模块(诸如连接至DAS的头端设备(HEE)的模块)可以使用现有DAS基础结构来监控一或多个远程位置处(诸如在DAS的一或多个远程单元处)无线频谱中处于DAS的受支持射频带外的部分。除了避免对运行并行基础结构来远程地监控整个安装设施中的无线频谱的需要之外，本文所述实施方式还适用于共享频谱环境和需要有效频谱利用的其他环境。本文所公开的实施方式可在被整合到现有DAS基础结构中时提供增加的网络可见性、网络智能以及成本节省。
本公开案的一个实施方式涉及一种连接至DAS的多个远程单元中的一或多个以监控DAS的覆盖区域内的不受支持的无线频谱的设备。所述设备包括：至少一个天线，所述至少一个天线被配置成接收一或多个电磁(EM)信号；以及监听模块，所述监听模块被连接至至少一个天线。所述监听模块包括：至少一个输入端，所述至少一个输入端被配置成接收来自天线的电磁信号；以及至少一个输出端，所述至少一个输出端被配置成通过DAS的至少一个上行链路路径将EM信号传输至头端设备(HEE)。所述监听模块进一步包括至少一个监听路径，所述至少一个监听路径设置在至少一个输入端与至少一个输出端之间，并且被配置成将不同于DAS的至少一个受支持射频带的至少一个不受支持的射频带传递至至少一个输出端。
本公开案的另一实施方式涉及一种用于监控DAS的覆盖区域内的不受支持的无线频谱的系统，所述DAS具有HEE以及多个远程单元。所述系统包括：多个天线，所述多个天线被配置成接收一或多个电磁信号；监听模块，所述监听模块被连接至与天线中的至少一个连接的远程单元中的至少一个；以及监控模块，所述监控模块被连接至HEE。所述监听模块包括：至少一个输入端，所述至少一个输入端被配置成接收来自天线的电磁信号；以及至少一个输出端，所述至少一个输出端被配置成通过所述DAS的至少一个上行链路路径传输电磁信号。所述监听模块进一步包括至少一个监听路径，所述至少一个监听路径设置在至少一个输入端与至少一个输出端之间，并且被配置成将不同于DAS的受支持射频带的不受支持的射频带传递至至少一个输出端。所述监控模块包括至少一个输入端，所述至少一个输入端被配置成接收通过监听模块的滤波器传递的不受支持的射频带。
本公开案的另一实施方式涉及一种监控DAS的覆盖区域内的不受支持的无线频谱的方法。所述方法包括：在多个天线处接收一或多个EM信号；以及在连接至DAS的多个远程单元中的至少一个的监听模块处接收来自天线中的至少一个的一或多个EM信号。所述方法进一步包括：将处于不同于DAS的受支持射频带的不受支持的射频带中的一或多个电磁信号传递至监听模块的输出端。
另外的特征和优点将会在详细描述中进行阐述。应当理解，前述一般描述以及随后详细描述仅是示例性的，并且意图提供用于理解权利要求书的性质和特征的概述和框架。
附图被并入于本说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分。附图示出一或多个实施方式，并与本说明书一起用于解释各种实施方式的原理和操作。
附图简述
图1A和图1B为根据现有技术的示例性基于光纤的分布式天线系统(DAS)的示意图；
图2为根据示例性实施方式的DAS的简化示意图，所述DAS包括用于监控DAS的覆盖区域内的不受支持的无线频谱的相关联的系统；
图3为根据示例性实施方式的图2的连接至DAS的远程单元的DAS的监听单元以及相关联的远程单元的详细示意图，所述监听单元具有用于监控不受支持的无线频谱的监听模块；
图4是根据示例性实施方式的图2的连接至DAS的远程单元以监控不受支持的无线频谱的监听模块的示例性操作方法的流程图；
图5是根据替代实施方式的用于操作图2的DAS的监控模块的方法的流程图；
图6是根据示例性实施方式的包括图2的用于监控不受支持的无线频谱的系统的示例性DAS建筑安装设施的概括示意图；
图7是根据示例性实施方式的示例性DAS的概括示意图，所述DAS被配置成在DAS的覆盖区域内分布数字和/或模拟信号，并还包括用于监控DAS的覆盖区域中的不受支持的无线频谱的相关联的系统；以及
图8是可包括在用于监控DAS的覆盖区域内的不受支持的无线频谱的任何系统中或与所述系统对接的示例性计算机系统的概括表示的示意图。
详细描述
本公开案的实施方式涉及监控分布式天线系统(DAS)的覆盖区域内的不受支持的无线频谱。在一个实施方式中，连接至DAS的远程单元的监听模块被配置成将所接收的不同于DAS的受支持频率的不受支持的无线频率传递至监听模块的输出端。在所述方式中，居中定位监控模块可以使用现有DAS基础结构来监控一或多个远程位置处无线频谱中处于DAS的受支持射频带外的部分。各种实施方式将通过以下实例进一步阐明。
在图2处开始讨论监控与DAS的覆盖区域有关的不受支持的无线频谱之前，图1A和图1B为DAS的实例，所述DAS不包括对监控不受支持的无线频谱的支持，但可配置成对监控与DAS的覆盖区域有关的不受支持的无线频谱提供支持，包括根据本文所述实施方式进行配置。
图1A为DAS的实施方式的示意图。在这个实施方式中，系统为基于光纤的DAS10。基于光纤的DAS10被配置成形成一或多个天线覆盖区域，以建立与位于天线覆盖区域的射频(RF)范围中的无线客户端装置的通信。DAS10提供RF通信服务(例如，蜂窝服务)。在这个实施方式中，DAS10包括呈HEU12形式的HEE、一或多个远程单元14以及将HEU12光学耦合至远程单元14的光纤16。HEU12被配置成通过来自一或多个源(诸如以网络或载波为例)的下行链路电气RF通信信号18D接收通信，并向远程单元14提供此类通信。HEU12还配置成将通过上行链路电气RF通信信号18U从远程单元14接收的通信返回至一或多个源。光纤16包括：至少一个下行链路光纤16D，所述至少一个下行链路光纤运载从HEU12传达至远程单元14的信号；以及至少一个上行链路光纤16U，所述至少一个上行链路光纤运载从远程单元14传达至HEU12的信号。一个下行链路光纤16D和一个上行链路光纤16U可提供来支持多个信道，每个信道各自使用波分复用(WDM)，如标题为“ProvidingDigitalDataServicesinOpticalFiber-basedDistributedRadioFrequency(RF)CommunicationsSystems，AndRelatedComponentsandMethods(在基于光纤的分布式射频(RF)通信系统中提供数字数据服务以及相关的组件和方法)”的美国专利申请案号12/892,424中所讨论，所述美国专利申请案的全文以引用的方式并入本文。用于WDM和频分复用(FDM)的其他选择还公开在美国专利申请13/688,448中，其中任何选择都可用于本文所公开的任何实施方式。
DAS10具有天线覆盖区域20，所述天线覆盖区域可实质上以远程单元14为中心。远程单元14被配置成接收来自HEU12的下行链路光学RF通信信号22D，并且在覆盖区域20内无线传输下行链路光学RF通信信号22D的内容。HEU12适于执行或促进许多无线应用中的任一无线应用，包括但不限于光纤载无线电(RoF)、射频识别(RFID)、无线局域网(WLAN)通信、公共安全、蜂窝、遥测术和其他移动或固定服务。在天线覆盖区域20内示出的是呈例如移动装置形式的客户端装置24，所述移动装置可例如为蜂窝电话。客户端装置24可为能够接收RF通信信号的任何装置。客户端装置24包括天线26(例如，无线卡)，所述天线适于接收和/或发送电磁RF通信信号。在具体的示例性实施方式中，这包括如电气与电子工程师协会(IEEE)802.11标准中所指定，即，在2.4千兆赫(GHz)至2.5千兆赫(GHz)和5.0GHz至6.0GHz的频率范围中，提供WLAN信号分布。任何其他电气RF通信信号频率也均是可能的。
继续参考图1A，为了通过下行链路光纤16D将电气RF通信信号传达至远程单元14，继而传达至由远程单元14形成的天线覆盖区域20中的客户端装置24，HEU12包括电光(E/O)转换器28。E/O转换器28将下行链路电气RF通信信号18D转换成将要通过下行链路光纤16D传达的下行链路光学RF通信信号22D。远程单元14包括光电(O/E)转换器30，以将所接收的下行链路光学RF通信信号22D转换回电气RF通信信号，所述电气RF通信信号将通过远程单元14的天线32无线传达至位于天线覆盖区域20中的客户端装置24。
类似地，天线32还配置来从天线覆盖区域20中的客户端装置24接收无线RF通信。在此方面，天线32接收来自客户端装置24的无线RF通信，并将表示无线RF通信的电气RF通信信号传达至远程单元14中的E/O转换器34。E/O转换器34将电气RF通信信号转换成将要通过上行链路光纤16U传达的上行链路光学RF通信信号22U。E/O转换器34和O/E转换器30构成“转换器对”，如图1A所示。在示例性实施方式中，E/O转换器28包括适于输送用于本文所述RoF应用的足够动态范围的激光器，并任选地包括电气耦接至激光器的激光器驱动器/放大器。用于E/O转换器28的合适的激光器的实例包括但不限于激光二极管、分布式反馈(DFB)激光器、法布里-珀罗(FP)激光器和垂直腔面发射激光器(VCSEL)。
HEU12中提供的O/E转换器36将上行链路光学RF通信信号22U转换成上行链路电气RF通信信号，随后可作为上行链路电气RF通信信号18U传达回网络或其他源。在示例性实施方式中，O/E转换器36是光电检测器，或电气耦接至线性放大器的光电检测器。E/O转换器28和O/E转换器36也构成“转换器对”，如图1A所示。在这个实施方式中，HEU12仅配置来接收受支持的上行链路RF通信信号，即，处于受支持射频带中的上行链路RF通信信号。如本文所使用，术语“受支持无线频谱”、“受支持无线频率”和/或“受支持射频带”是指对应于DAS的一或多个主动无线服务(例如，由蜂窝通信提供商使用的射频带)的频率或频率组。术语“不受支持的无线频谱”、“不受支持的无线频率”和/或“不受支持的射频带”相反是指不对应于DAS的一或多个主动无线服务的频率或频率组。
图1B提供可如何在室内部署基于光纤的DAS10的另一示例性图解。图1B是使用基于光纤的DAS的建筑基础结构38的部分示意性剖面图。系统可为图1A的基于光纤的DAS10。建筑基础结构38大体表示可部署有基于光纤的DAS10的任何类型的建筑。如先前关于图1A所讨论，基于光纤的DAS10并入有HEU12以向例如建筑基础结构38内的覆盖区域提供各种类型的通信服务。例如，如以下将更详细地讨论，这个实施方式中的基于光纤的DAS10被配置来接收无线RF通信信号，并将RF通信信号转换成将要通过光纤16传达至多个远程单元14的RoF信号。这个实施方式中的基于光纤的DAS10可例如为室内分布式天线系统(IDAS)，以在建筑基础结构38内部提供无线服务。这些无线信号可包括但不限于例如蜂窝服务、诸如RFID跟踪的无线服务、无线保真性(WiFi)、局域网(LAN)、WLAN和它们的组合。
然而，图1A和图1B的DAS10仅将对应于上行链路光学RF通信信号22U的频率传输回HEU12。因此，图1A至图1B的DAS10不具有针对不受支持的无线频率的频谱监控能力，所述不受支持的无线频率诸如与第三方和/或潜在附加服务以及潜在干扰源相关联的频率。另外，这些不受支持的无线频率可以不同的量存在于整个建筑基础结构38中。例如，第三方无线服务可在建筑基础结构38周边具有较强覆盖，但是可在建筑基础结构38内部具有很少或无覆盖。同样，无线干扰可在整个建筑基础结构38中的不同位置变化。因此，可由此而有利的是，使用DAS(诸如DAS10)的现有安装好的基础结构来监控来自中心位置(DAS10的HEU12)的不受支持的无线频谱，以便更有效地监控建筑基础结构或其他环境。
继续参考图1B，这个实施方式中的建筑基础结构38包括第一(地面)楼层、第二楼层42和第三楼层44。楼层40、42、44由HEU12通过主要分布框架46来提供服务，以便在建筑基础结构38中提供天线覆盖区域48。为了简单例示，图1B中仅示出楼层40、42、44的天花板。在示例性实施方式中，主要电缆50具有促进大量远程单元14在建筑基础结构38中的放置的许多不同区段。每个远程单元14继而在天线覆盖区域48中为其自身覆盖区域提供服务。主要电缆50可以包括例如提升电缆52，所述提升电缆52运载去往和来自HEU12的所有下行链路光纤16D和上行链路光纤16U。提升电缆52可通过互连单元(ICU)54引导至一或多个电缆56。ICU54也可被配置成经由阵列电缆58或作为其他实例的尾部电缆或家用栓系电缆内的电力线来向远程单元14提供电力，并且利用下行链路光纤16D和上行链路光纤16U分布至远程单元14。主要电缆50可包括一或多个多电缆(MC)连接器，所述多电缆连接器适于将所选的下行链路光纤16D和上行链路光纤16U连同电力线一起连接至许多光纤电缆56。
主要电缆50允许多个光纤电缆56分布遍及建筑基础结构38(例如，固定至每一楼层40、42、44的顶板或其他支撑表面)，以提供用于第一楼层40、第二楼层42和第三楼层44的天线覆盖区域48。在示例性实施方式中，HEU12定位在建筑基础结构38内(例如，定位在储藏室(closet)或控制室中)，而另一示例性实施方式中，HEU12可定位在建筑基础结构38外的远程位置。可由诸如蜂窝服务提供商的第二方提供的收发器基站(BTS)60来连接至HEU12，并且可与HEU12共同定位或远离HEU12而定位。BTS是将输入信号提供至HEU12并可接收来自HEU12的返回信号的任何站或源。在典型蜂窝系统中，例如，多个BTS部署在多个远程位置处，以便提供无线电话覆盖。每一BTS会为对应蜂窝基站提供服务，并且当移动站进入蜂窝基站时，BTS与移动站通信。每一BTS可包括至少一个无线电收发器，以用于允许与在相关联的蜂窝基站内操作的一或多个订户单元的通信。或者，作为其他实例，无线电输入可由重复器或微微蜂窝基站(picocell)来提供。
上述图1A和图1B中的基于光纤的DAS10提供HEU12与远程单元14之间的点对点通信。每一远程单元14通过不同的下行链路和上行链路光纤对16D/16U来与HEU12通信，以提供点对点通信。每当远程单元14安装在基于光纤的DAS10中时，远程单元14就连接至不同的下行链路和上行链路光纤对(这两个光纤对均连接至HEU12)。下行链路和上行链路光纤16D/16U可提供在光纤16中。多个下行链路和上行链路光纤对16D/16U可提供在光纤电缆中，以向来自公共光纤电缆的多个远程单元14提供服务。例如，参考图1B，安装在楼层40、42或44上的远程单元14可由可具有多个节点的相同光纤16提供服务，在这些节点处，不同的下行链路和上行链路光纤对16D/16U被连接至给定远程单元14。
可能需要提供可支持多种射频源的基于光纤的DAS。例如，可能需要提供可支持各种射频类型和源的基于光纤的DAS，包括但不限于长期演进(LTE)、US蜂窝(CELL)、全球移动通信系统(GSM)、码分多址接入(CDMA)、时分多址接入(TDMA)、高级无线服务(AWS)、iDEN(例如，800兆赫兹(MHz)、900MHz和1.5GHz)等等。这些射频源可例如在400MHz至2700MHz的范围变化。为了支持射频源，HEU必须包含能够将无线电信号调制成处于无线电信号的频率下的光学RF通信信号以供通过光纤传输的激光器。同样，必须提供激光器来将光学RF通信信号转换回处于受支持射频带的频率下的电气RF通信信号。提供不同的转化激光器用于可能需要由基于光纤的DAS支持的所有可能的射频源是成本较高的。
如上指出，图1A和图1B的DAS10不具有针对不受支持的无线频率的频谱监控能力。因此，可能有利的是使用DAS(诸如DAS10)的现有安装好的基础结构来监控来自中心位置(DAS10的HEU12)的不受支持的无线频谱，以便更有效地监控建筑基础结构38或其他环境。
图2是这种DAS64的示意图，所述DAS可支持监控DAS64的覆盖区域内的不受支持的无线频谱。DAS64包括HEU12、多个远程单元14、连接至HEU12的监控单元86、连接至一或多个远程单元14的至少一个监听单元74。每个监听单元74包括具有监听路径的监听模块76，所述监听模块可以包括一或多个滤波器(以下针对图3进行详细描述)，所述滤波器被配置成将所接收的不同于DAS64的受支持频率的不受支持的无线频率传递至监听模块的输出端。随后，不受支持的频率经由DAS64基础结构传输至HEU12并路由至监控单元86。监控单元86包括监控模块88，所述监控模块经由一或多个输入端接收并处理不受支持的无线频率，从而监控在一或多个远程位置处(诸如在DAS64的一或多个远程单元14处)无线频谱中处于DAS64的受支持射频带外的部分。
现将详细描述DAS64以便说明监控单元86和监听单元74如何能够使用DAS64的基础结构来监控不受支持的无线频率。在这个实施方式中，DAS64是包括三个主要组件的基于光纤的DAS。在这个实施方式中以无线电接口模块(RIM)66(1)至66(M)的形式提供的一或多个无线电接口提供在HEU12中，以接收并处理下行链路电气RF通信信号18D(1)至18D(R)，之后被光学转化成下行链路光学RF通信信号22D(1)至22D(R)。对下行链路电气RF通信信号18D(1)至18D(R)的处理可包括上文在图2中的HEU12中先前描述的任何过程。符号“1-R”和“1-M”指示：可提供任何数目的所提及的组件，数目分别是1-R和1-M。如以下将更详细地描述，这个实施方式中的HEU12被配置成接受作为模块化组件的多个RIM66(1)至66(M)，所述模块化组件可容易地安装在HEU12中并移除或更换。在一个实施方式中，HEU12被配置成支持多达四(4)个RIM66(1)至66(M)。
每个RIM66(1)至66(M)可设计来支持特定类型的射频源或射频源范围(即，频率)，以便在配置HEU12和基于光纤的DAS64的过程中提供灵活性来支持所需的射频源。例如，一个RIM66可配置成支持个人通信服务(PCS)射频带。另一RIM66可配置来支持长期演进(LTE)700MHz射频带。在这个实例中，通过包括这些RIM66，HEU12将配置来支持并分布PCS和LTE700MHz射频带上的RF通信信号。RIM66可提供在HEU12中，以便支持所需任何其他射频带和技术，包括但不限于PCS、LTE、CELL、GSM、CDMA、CDMA2000、TDMA、AWS、iDEN(例如，800MHz、900MHz和1.5GHz)、增强数据GSM环境(EDGE)、演进数据优化(EV-DO)、lxRTT(即，CDMA2000IX(IS-2000))、高速分组存取(HSPA)、3GGP1、3GGP2和蜂窝数字分组数据(CDPD)。更多特定实例包括但不限于在400至2700MHz之间的射频带，包括但不限于700MHz(LTE)、698至716MHz、728至757MHz、776至787MHz、806至824MHz、824至849MHz(US蜂窝)、851至869MHz、869至894MHz(US蜂窝)、880至915MHz(EUR)、925至960MHz(TTE)、1930至1990MHz(USPCS)、2110至2155MHz(USAWS)、925至960MHz(GSM900)、1710至1755MHz、1850至1915MHz、1805至1880MHz(GSM1800)、1920至1995MHz和2110至2170MHz(GSM2100)。
下行链路电气RF通信信号18D(1)至18D(R)提供至具有多个光学接口的光学接口单元(OIU)68，所述光学接口在这个实施方式中以光学接口模块(OIM)70(1)至70(N)的形式提供，以便将下行链路电气RF通信信号18D(1)至18D(N)转换成下行链路光学RF通信信号22D(1)至22D(R)。符号“1-N”指示：可提供任何数目的所提及的组件，数目是1-N。一个下行链路光纤16D和一个上行链路光纤16U可提供来支持多个信道，每个信道使用WDM或FDM。
在这个实施方式中，OIM70(1)至70(N)提供在提供用于具有RIM66(1)至66(M)的HEU12的公共外壳中。或者，OIM70(1)至70(N)可与RIM66(1)至66(M)分开定位。OIM70可配置成提供一或多个光学接口组件(OIC)，所述光学接口组件包含O/E和E/O转换器，如以下将更详细地描述。OIM70支持可由RIM66提供的射频带，包括上文先前所描述的实例。因此，在这个实施方式中，OIM70可支持例如400MHz至2700MHz的射频带范围，因此无需提供用于较窄的射频带的不同类型或模型的OIM70来支持针对HEU12中提供的RIM66所支持的不同射频带的可能性。另外，例如，可针对400MHz至2700MHz频率范围内的子频带(例如400至700MHz、700MHz至1GHz、1GHz至1.6GHz、以及1.6GHz至2.7GHz)来优化OIM70。
OIM70(1)至70(N)各自包括E/O转换器以将下行链路电气RF通信信号18D(1)至18D(R)转换成下行链路光学RF通信信号22D(1)至22D(R)。下行链路光学RF通信信号22D(1)至22D(R)通过下行链路光纤16D传达至多个远程单元14(1)至14(P)。符号“1-P”指示：可提供任何数目的所提及的组件，数目是1至P。提供在远程单元14(1)至14(P)中的O-E转换器将下行链路光学RF通信信号22D(1)至22D(R)转换回下行链路电气RF通信信号18D(1)至18D(R)，所述下行链路电气RF通信信号通过耦接至远程单元14(1)至14(P)中的天线32(1)至32(P)的链路72(1)至72(P)提供至天线32(1)至32(P)的接收范围中的客户端装置。
在这个实施方式中，监听单元74包括监听模块76，所述监听模块具有至专用天线80的链路78。这个实例中的监听单元74是远程扩展单元(RXU)81的部分，所述远程扩展单元是与远程单元14分开的单元。在其他实施方式中，监听单元74可为与远程单元14和RXU81分开的单元。在另一实例中，监听模块76可为远程单元14的整合组件或插入组件。天线80可为宽带或窄带天线，并且能够接收一或多个不受支持的无线频率。监听单元74由链路82连接至远程单元14，所述链路将含有不受支持的无线频率的监控信号84传输至远程单元14，其中所述不受支持的无线频率可与用于传输回到HEU12的上行链路光学RF通信信号22U中的一或多个组合。监控单元86的监控模块88可随后由链路90从RIM66和/或由链路92从OIU68接收监控信号84。这个实例中的监控单元86为与HEU12分开的单元，并且可为连接至HEU12的另一装置或组件的部分。在另一实例中，监控模块88可为HEU12的整合组件或插入组件。在这个实施方式中，至RIM66的链路90被配置来传输对应于在RIM66的受支持射频带附近的无线频率的窄带信号。相反，在这个实施方式中，至OIU68的链路92被配置来传输对应于不受支持的无线频率的大范围的宽带信号，并且也类似于链路90，还可用于窄带监控。应当理解，也预期了替代路由方法，诸如使用RF矩阵在至单个监控单元的多个链路之间路由信号。
在这个实施方式中，监听模块76也可经由链路94来连接至天线32(1)至32(P)中的一或多个，所述天线连接至远程单元14(1)至14(P)。如将在以下针对图3所详细讨论，监听模块可包括使用不同天线32、80中的一或多个的不同模式。这些功能以及其他功能可经由控制链路96来控制。在这个实施方式中，在HEU12处经由另一控制链路97接收到的控制信号嵌入到一或多个下行链路光学RF通信信号22D内，并且经由控制链路96从远程单元14输送至监听模块76。在其他实施方式中，可以使用单独控制信号。
在一些实施方式中，上述组件可具有广泛的能力。例如，监听模块76可能能够提供对广泛范围的RF频率(例如，10MHz至6GHz)的频谱监控。在另一实例中，监听模块76和/或监控模块88可为自行优化和/或自行可配置的，从而允许与可连接至DAS的蜂窝基站和其他无线电源的高级整合以及互操作性。
为了示出监听模块76的功能性和操作，将会描述监听单元74和示例性远程单元14的内部组件。在此方面，图3示出图2的DAS64的监听单元74以及相关联的远程单元14的详细示意图。在这个实施方式中，远程单元14包括连接至复用器/解复用器98的宽带天线32，所述复用器/解复用器将接收到的信号发送至一或多个上行链路频率带路径99。在这个实施方式中，远程单元14包括两个上行链路频率带路径99(1)至99(2)，但也可能存在更多或更少的上行链路频率带路径99。如以下将更详细地描述，每个上行链路频率带路径99会对预先确定受支持上传频率带滤波并将所述频率带传递至频率多路复用/组合器100，所述频率复用/组合器将上行链路频率带路径99的输出组合成组合信号并且输出一或多个上行链路电气RF通信信号18U。E/O转换器34(1)将上行链路电气RF通信信号18U转换成用于传输至HEU12(未示出)的光学信号。
同时，监听单元74的监听模块76形成用于监控不受支持的无线频率的频谱监控路径。如以上所讨论，监听模块76经由天线80(或替代地经由宽带天线32)接收EM辐射，并将监控信号84输出到E/O转换器34(2)中，所述E/O转换器将监控信号84转换成光学信号。E/O转换器34(1)和34(2)两者的输出由波分复用器102接收，并且被多路传输到一或多个上行链路光学RF通信信号22U中。
以此方式，监控信号84可通过DAS(诸如DAS64)的现有基础结构来运载，并输送至居中定位监控模块，诸如监控模块88。此布置的一个优点在于，许多第三方和其他不受支持的无线组件(诸如小型蜂窝基站或毫微微蜂窝基站组件(未示出))可安装在中心位置，诸如邻近HEU12。这些组件中的一些使用监听模式来采集关于传输环境的信息作为组件的初始化和配置过程的部分。因此，这种布置允许这些组件接收关于传输环境(即，远程单元14的位置)的准确信息，同时保持物理上定位成邻近HEU12。如以上所讨论，除了避免对运行并行基础结构来远程地监控整个安装设施中的无线频谱的需要之外，本文所述实施方式还适用于共享频谱环境和需要有效频谱利用的其他环境。
远程单元14的上行链路频率带路径99(1)和99(2)和监听模块76的频谱监控路径的内部组件在许多方面都彼此类似。在这个实例中，每一上行链路频率带路径99包括限制器/检测器104，所述限制器/检测器104接收来自复用器98的信号输出。接着，并行低噪声放大器106和滤波器108将信号传递通过可变增益放大器110并传递至滤波器112中。每个滤波器112被调谐来使得特定受支持频率带通过可变衰减器118而传递至增益放大器120，并且将信号输出至频率多路复用/组合器100，从而防止不受支持的频率被传递至上行链路频率带路径99的输出端。
在类似布置中，监听模块76的频谱监控路径(也称为监听路径)包括限制器/检测器122，所述限制器/检测器122接收来自天线80或天线32中的一个的信号。在这个实例中，可选择的低噪声放大器124以及可选的衰减器126接着使得信号传递通过可变增益放大器128并传递到可选的滤波器130和/或混频器132中。混频器132允许对所传递的频率的选择性的调谐，而滤波器130则允许传递一或多个固定频率。也可完全绕过滤波器130和混频器132，以传递由天线80和/或天线32接收的整个频率范围。随后，所传递的无线频率通过可变衰减器134传递至增益放大器136和模拟/数字转换器138，最终，将信号输出至E/O转换器34(2)，从而同样防止可包括受支持射频带和不受支持的射频带的非调谐无线频率传递至上行链路频率带路径的输出端。在替代实施方式中，可以省略允许可选择的调谐的混频器132和其他组件，使得频谱监控路径被调谐至固定频率带。还应理解，波分复用器102和模拟/数字转换器138也是可选的，并且对不包括数字信号分布的DAS来说是不需要的。在例如替代、仅模拟的(analog-only)实施方式中，来自增益放大器136的输出信号可与多路复用/组合器100的输出直接组合，并输出至单个E/O转换器34(1)。
在这个实例中，监听模块具有许多不同天线模式。在禁用模式中，天线开关144被设定成五十欧姆(50Q)终止(或终结)模式146，从而关闭监听模块76。在第一宽带监听模式中，开关144将监听模块76连接至天线80，从而允许接收能够由天线80接收的所有频率。在第二监听模式中，开关144将监听模块76连接至远程单元14的宽带天线32中的一或多个，从而允许接收能够由宽带天线32接收的所有频率，例如，通过绕过滤波器130和/或混频器132或通过完全省略滤波器130和混频器132来实现。
这些组件允许可配置的频谱带宽支持和信号电平灵敏度。例如，图3的监听模块76可配置来用于宽带频谱监控(例如，10MHz至6GHz等等)、窄带频谱监控(例如，450MHz、700MHz、850MHz、1900MHz等等)或两者的组合。同样，图4的监听模块也可配置用于在采用放大来优化弱信号的监控的高灵敏度模式中操作、在采用衰减来优化强信号的监控的低灵敏度模式中操作，或在采用两者的组合的混合模式中操作。监听模块的各种功能可手动控制、自动控制或例如通过连接至远程单元14的一或多个控制链路96来远程地控制。以相同的方式，返回参考图2，RIM66和/或OIU68也可包括互补组件(未示出)，以用于将监控信号84多路分解、解复用或以其他方式从上行链路光学RF通信信号22U中提取所述监控信号。
现在描述图2和图3的监听模块76的示例性操作方法。在此方面，图4为监控DAS的覆盖区域内的不受支持的无线频谱的示例性方法150的流程图。方法150包括在天线处接收一或多个EM信号(方框152)。例如，接收EM信号可由图3的天线80进行。方法150进一步包括在监听模块(如监听模块76)处接收来自天线的一或多个EM信号(方框154)。方法150进一步包括对一或多个EM信号进行滤波(方框156)，以使不同于DAS的受支持射频带的不受支持的射频带传递至监听模块的输出端。在一个实例中，滤波可由图3的滤波器130执行。
图5为根据另一实施方式的操作监控模块的示例性方法158的流程图。方法158包括在监控模块(诸如图2的监控模块88)处指示监听模块(诸如监听模块76)接收对应于不同于DAS的受支持射频带的不受支持的射频带的EM信号(方框160)。方法158进一步包括在监控模块处经由DAS(诸如DAS64)的基础结构接收对应于不受支持的射频带的EM信号(方框162)。在一个实例中，输送EM信号的DAS的基础结构可为图2的DAS64的一或多个OIM70或RIM66。方法158进一步包括通过监控模块处理、解释或以其他方式利用对应于不受支持的射频带的EM信号(方框164)。
以此方式，上述方法可使用所安装的DAS基础结构来监控整个安装设施(图1B的建筑基础结构38)中的不受支持的无线频谱。在此方面，图6示出图1B的建筑基础结构38，所述建筑基础结构具有图2和图3的DAS64和另外相关联的频谱监控组件。在这个实例中，监控单元86被连接至HEU12，并且在不同楼层上且在不同位置中的许多远程单元14被连接至相应监听单元74。以此方式，监控单元86能够使用DAS64的现有基础结构来监控建筑基础结构38内的各种不同位置中的不受支持的无线频谱。
如以上所讨论，图2、图3和图6的实施方式涉及使用基于RF的DAS64的频谱监控。然而，也可使用包括数字信号分布的DAS来使用根据本公开案的频谱监控。在此方面，图7为替代DAS166的示意图，所述替代DAS包括类似于图3中的DAS64的DAS64’，其与无线局域存取网络(WLAN)系统168组合以供用于提供数字数据服务。在此方面，DAS166包括上文先前针对图2所述的HEU12。
HEU12被配置成通过下行链路接口170接收来自一或多个基站172(1)至172(N)的下行链路电气RF通信信号18D，其中N可为任何数目。HEU12可配置成接收来自多个基站172(1)至172(N)的RF通信服务，以便支持DAS166中的多个RF射频带。HEU12也配置成通过通信介质将下行链路光学RF通信信号22D提供至远程单元14(1)至14(N)，并且通过通信介质接收来自远程单元14(1)至14(N)的上行链路光学RF通信信号。M个数目的远程单元14表示：任何数目(M个数目)的远程单元14可按需要来通信耦接至HEU12。类似于图2、图3和图6的实施方式，DAS166还包括相对于图2和图3详细描述的另外相关联的频谱监控组件。在这个实例中，监控单元86被连接至HEU12，并且许多远程单元14被连接至相应监听单元74。以此方式，监控单元86能够使用DAS64的现有基础结构来监控各种不同位置中的不受支持的无线频谱。
继续参考图7，数字数据开关174也可提供在WLAN系统168中。可将数字数据开关174提供在WLAN系统176中以供用于将数字数据信号(例如像用于WLAN服务)提供至配置来支持数字数据服务的远程单元176(1)至176(P)，其中P表示任何数目的远程单元176可提供并受WLAN系统168。类似于以上远程单元14，这个实施方式中的许多远程单元176也连接至相应监听单元74。以此方式，监控单元86能够监控在基于数字的远程单元176的位置处不受支持的无线频谱。
数字数据开关174可耦接至网络178，诸如互联网。来自网络178的下行链路数字数据信号180D可提供至数字数据开关174。下行链路数字数据信号180D随后可通过从属中心单元182(1)至182(Q)提供至远程单元176(1)至176(P)，其中Q可为所需任何数目。数字数据开关174也可接收来自远程单元176(1)至176(P)的将提供回网络178的上行链路数字数据信号180U。在这个实施方式中，从属中心单元182(1)至182(Q)也会接收下行链路光学RF通信信号22D，并将来自远程单元176(1)至176(P)的上行链路光学RF通信信号22U提供至HEU12。在此方面，通过通信耦接至支持RF通信服务和数字数据服务两者的从属中心单元182(1)，远程单元176(1)至176(P)包括于分布式天线系统64’和WLAN系统168两者中，以便支持分别与客户端装置184(1)至184(P)的RF通信服务和数字数据服务。例如，这种远程单元176可配置来与WLAN用户设备(例如，膝上型计算机)和广域无线服务用户设备(例如，蜂窝电话)的无线通信。
也可包括许多不同数字数据装置，诸如WLAN接入点、毫微微蜂窝基站、网关、基带单元(BBU)、远程射频头(RRH)以及有线和无线服务器。数字数据服务也可经由所连接的台式计算机、集线器、开关和其他装置提供。任何这些数字数据装置均可包括用于经由DAS远程监控不受支持的频谱的硬件和/或软件。
另外，本文所公开的任何DAS以及其他组件(包括图2、图3、图6和图7的监控单元86、监控模块88、监听单元74和/或监听模块76)可包括计算机系统。在此方面，图8为关于适于执行指令的示例性计算机系统186的示例性形式的另外细节的示意表示。在此方面，计算机系统186包括用于致使DAS组件提供其设计的功能性的指令集。DAS组件可连接(例如，网络连接)至LAN、内联网、外联网或互联网中的其他机器。DAS组件可以在客户端-服务器网络环境中操作，或作为在对等(或分布式)网络环境中的同类机器操作。虽然仅示出了单个装置，但是术语“装置”也应视为包括单独或共同地执行一组(或多组)指令以执行本文中讨论的方法中的任一种或多种的装置的任何集合。DAS组件可为包括于电子板卡(例如像印刷电路板(PCB))中的一或多个电路、服务器、个人计算机、台式计算机、膝上型计算机、个人数字助理(PDA)、计算平板、移动装置、或任何其他装置，并可表示例如服务器或用户的计算机。这个实施方式中的示例性计算机系统184包括处理装置或处理器188、主存储器190(例如，只读存储器(ROM)、闪存存储器、动态随机存取存储器(DRAM)诸如同步DRAM(SDRAM)等等)以及静态存储器192(例如，闪存存储器、静态随机存取存储器(SRAM)等)，它们可经由数据总线194来彼此通信。或者，处理装置188可直接或经由一些其他连接性装置连接至主存储器190和/或静态存储器192。处理装置188可为控制器，并且主存储器190或静态存储器192可为任何类型的存储器，每个这样的存储器可包括于例如图2、图3、图6和图7的监控单元、监控模块#、监听单元#和/或监听模块#中。
处理装置188表示一或多个通用处理装置，诸如微处理器、中央处理器等等。更具体地，处理装置188可为复杂指令集计算(CISC)微处理器、精简指令集计算(RISC)微处理器、超长指令字(VLIW)微处理器、实现其他指令集的处理器或实现指令集的组合的处理器。处理装置188被配置成执行指令196(位于处理装置188和/或主存储器中)中的处理逻辑，以便执行本文中讨论的操作和步骤。
计算机系统186可进一步包括网络接口装置198。计算机系统186还可包括或不包括输入端200，所述输入端接收将在在执行指令时传达至计算机系统186的输入和选择。计算机系统186还可包括或不包括输出端202，所述输出端包括但不限于显示器、视频显示单元(例如，液晶显示器(LCD)或阴极射线管(CRT))、字母数字输入装置(例如，键盘)和/或光标控制装置(例如，鼠标)。
计算机系统186可包括或不包括数据存储装置204，所述数据存储装置包括存储在计算机可读介质208中的指令206。指令206也可在其由计算机系统186执行期间完全或至少部分地驻留在主存储器190和/或处理装置188内，主存储器190和处理装置188还构成计算机可读介质208。指令196、206可进一步通过网络178经由网络接口装置198来传输或接收。
虽然计算机可读介质208在示例性实施方式中示为单个介质，但是术语“计算机可读介质”应当视为包括存储一或多组指令的单个介质或多个介质(例如，集中式或分布式数据库和/或相关联的高速缓存和服务器)。术语“计算机可读介质”还应视为包括能够存储、编码或运载由处理装置执行的指令集并致使处理装置执行本文所公开的实施方式的方法中的任一种或多种方法的任何介质。因此，术语“计算机可读介质”应当视为包括但不限于固态存储器、光学和磁性介质、以及载波信号。
本文所公开的实施方式包括可由硬件组件执行或可在机器可执行指令中体现的各种步骤，所述机器可执行指令可致使利用指令来编程的通用或专用处理器执行这些步骤。或者，这些步骤可由硬件和软件的组合执行。
本文所公开的实施方式可提供为计算机程序产品或软件，所述计算机程序产品或软件可包括存储有指令的机器可读介质(或计算机可读介质)，所述指令可用于对计算机系统(或其他电子装置)编程，以便执行根据本文所公开的实施方式的过程。机器可读介质包括用于存储或传输呈机器(例如，计算机)可读形式的信息的任何机构。例如，机器可读介质包括机器可读存储介质(例如，只读存储器(“ROM”)、随机存取存储器(“RAM”)、磁盘存储介质、光学存储介质、闪存装置等等)。
结合本文所公开的实施方式来描述的各种说明性逻辑框、模块和电路可利用以下装置来实现或执行：处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)或其他可编程逻辑装置、离散门或晶体管逻辑、离散硬件组件，或它们的设计来执行本文所述功能的任何组合。控制器可为处理器。处理器可以是微处理器，但是在替代方案中，处理器可以是任何常规的处理器、控制器、微控制器或状态机。处理器也可实现为计算装置组合，例如，DSP和微处理器的组合、多个微处理器、与DSP核心结合的一或多个微处理器，或任何其他此类配置。
本文所公开的实施方式可体现在硬件以及存储在硬件中的指令中，并且可例如驻留在随机存取存储器(RAM)、闪存存储器、只读存储器(ROM)、电可编程ROM(EPROM)、电可擦可编程ROM(EEPROM)、寄存器、硬盘、可移动盘、CD-ROM或本领域已知的任何其他形式的计算机可读介质中。示例性的存储介质耦接至处理器，使得处理器能够从存储介质读出信息，并将信息写入存储介质。在替代方案中，可将存储介质整合到处理器。处理器和存储介质可驻留在ASIC中。ASIC可驻留在远程站中。在替代方案中，处理器和存储介质可作为离散组件驻留在远程站、基站或服务器中。
除非另外明确说明，否则绝不意图将本文中阐述的任何方法解释为需要使所述方法的步骤以特定顺序来执行。因此，在方法权利要求实际并未叙述方法步骤所遵循的顺序或在权利要求书或说明书中未另外明确说明步骤应限制于特定顺序的情况下，绝不意图推断任何具体顺序。
本领域的技术人员将会清楚，可在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下做出各种修改以及变化。由于本领域的技术人员可想到结合有本发明的精神和实质的所公开的实施方式的修改、组合、子组合和变化，因此本发明应当理解为包括权利要求书和其等效物范围内的所有内容。

Claims (23)

1.一种连接至分布式天线系统(DAS)的多个远程单元中的至少一个以监控所述DAS的覆盖区域内的不受支持的无线频谱的设备，所述设备包括：
至少一个天线，所述至少一个天线被配置成接收一或多个电磁信号；
监听模块，所述监听模块被连接至所述至少一个天线的监听模块，所述监听模块包括：
至少一个输入端，所述至少一个输入端被配置成接收来自所述至少一个天线的所述电磁信号；
至少一个输出端，所述至少一个输出端被配置成通过所述DAS的至少一个上行链路路径将所述电磁信号传输至所述DAS的头端设备(HEE)；以及
至少一个监听路径，所述至少一个监听路径设置在所述至少一个输入端与所述至少一个输出端之间，并且被配置成将不同于所述DAS的受支持射频带的不受支持的射频带传递至所述至少一个输出端。
2.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于，所述至少一个天线为连接至所述DAS的多个远程单元中的至少一个远程单元的天线。
3.根据权利要求2所述的设备，其特征在于，所述至少一个监听路径进一步配置成将至少一个受支持射频带传递至所述至少一个输出端。
4.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于，所述至少一个监听路径进一步配置成防止包括所述DAS的所述受支持射频带的射频带传递至所述至少一个输出端。
5.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于，所述至少一个天线为至少一个宽带天线，所述至少一个宽带天线被连接至所述DAS的所述多个远程单元中的至少一个远程单元，并且被配置成将由所述至少一个远程单元用来进行以下操作中的至少一个：传输所述受支持射频带中的电磁信号以及接收所述受支持射频带中的电磁信号。
6.根据权利要求5所述的设备，其特征在于，所述多个远程单元分布遍及具有多个楼层的建筑基础结构，使得所述多个楼层中的每个具有至少一个远程单元；并且
所述HEE经由光纤结构光学地连接至所述多个远程单元中的每一个。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，所述监听模块为所述DAS的至少一个远程单元的组件。
8.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，所述监听模块为监听单元中连接至所述DAS的所述多个远程单元中的至少一个远程单元的组件。
9.一种监控分布式天线系统(DAS)的覆盖区域内的不受支持的无线频谱的系统，所述分布式天线系统(DAS)具有头端设备(HEE)和多个远程单元，所述系统包括：
多个天线，所述多个天线被配置来接收一或多个电磁信号；
监听模块，所述监听模块是被连接至所述多个远程单元中的至少一个的监听模块，所述远程单元中的所述至少一个被连接至所述多个天线中的至少一个，所述监听模块包括：
至少一个输入端，所述至少一个输入端被配置成接收来自所述至少一个天线的所述电磁信号；
至少一个输出端，所述至少一个输出端被配置成通过所述DAS的至少一个上行链路路径传输所述电磁信号；以及
至少一个监听路径，所述至少一个监听路径设置在所述至少一个输入端与所述至少一个输出端之间，并且被配置来将不同于所述DAS的受支持射频带的不受支持的射频带传递至所述至少一个输出端；以及监控模块，所述监控模块被连接至所述HEE，所述监控模块包括：
至少一个输入端，所述至少一个输入端被配置成接收通过所述监听模块的所述至少一个监听路径传递的所述不受支持的射频带。
10.根据权利要求9所述的系统，其特征在于，所述至少一个天线为连接至所述至少一个远程单元的天线。
11.根据权利要求10所述的系统，其特征在于，所述至少一个监听路径进一步配置成将至少一个受支持射频带传递至所述至少一个输出端。
12.根据权利要求9所述的系统，其特征在于，所述至少一个监听路径进一步配置成防止包括所述DAS的所述受支持射频带的射频带传递至所述至少一个输出端。
13.根据权利要求9至12中任一项所述的系统，其特征在于，所述至少一个天线为至少一个宽带天线，所述至少一个宽带天线被连接至所述至少一个远程单元，并且进一步配置成将由所述至少一个远程单元用来进行以下操作中的至少一个：传输所述DAS的所述受支持射频带中的电磁信号以及接收所述DAS的所述受支持射频带中的电磁信号。
14.根据权利要求13所述的系统，其特征在于，所述多个远程单元被分布遍及具有多个楼层的建筑基础结构，使得所述多个楼层中的每个具有至少一个远程单元；以及
所述HEE经由光纤基础结构来光学连接至所述多个远程单元中的每个。
15.根据权利要求9至14中任一项所述的系统，其特征在于，所述监听模块为所述至少一个远程单元的组件。
16.根据权利要求9至14中任一项所述的系统，其特征在于，所述监听模块为监听单元中连接至所述至少一个远程单元的组件。
17.根据权利要求9至16中任一项所述的系统，其特征在于，所述监控模块为所述HEE的组件。
18.根据权利要求9至16中任一项所述的系统，其特征在于，所述监控模块为监控单元中连接至所述HEE的组件。
19.根据权利要求9至18中任一项所述的系统，其特征在于，所述HEE包括至少一个光学接口模块(OIM)，并且所述监控模块的所述至少一个输入端进一步配置成接收从所述至少一个OIM通过所述监听模块的所述至少一个监听路径传递的所述不受支持的射频带。
20.根据权利要求9至18中任一项所述的系统，其特征在于，所述HEE包括至少一个远程接口模块(RIM)，并且所述监控模块的所述至少一个输入端进一步配置成接收从所述至少一个RIM通过所述监听模块的所述至少一个监听路径传递的所述不受支持的射频带。
21.一种监控分布式天线系统(DAS)的覆盖区域内的不受支持的无线频谱的方法，所述方法包括：
在多个天线处接收一或多个电磁信号；
在连接至所述DAS的多个远程单元中的至少一个的监听模块处接收来自所述多个天线中的至少一个的所述一或多个电磁信号；以及
将处于不同于所述DAS的受支持射频带的不受支持的射频带的所述一或多个电磁信号传递至所述监听模块的输出端。
22.根据权利要求21所述的方法，其进一步包括：
通过所述DAS的通信介质传输来自所述监听模块的所述输出端的所述不受支持的射频带；
在连接至所述DAS的头端设备(HEE)的至少一个监控模块处经由所述DAS的所述通信介质接收所述不受支持的射频带。
23.根据权利要求22所述的方法，其特征在于，所述多个远程单元分布遍及具有多个楼层的建筑基础结构，使得所述多个楼层中的每个具有至少一个远程单元；和以及
所述HEE通过光纤基础结构来光学连接至所述多个远程单元中的每个。
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