CN105493884A - Lucid ganoderma cultivation method - Google Patents
Lucid ganoderma cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105493884A CN105493884A CN201510667738.8A CN201510667738A CN105493884A CN 105493884 A CN105493884 A CN 105493884A CN 201510667738 A CN201510667738 A CN 201510667738A CN 105493884 A CN105493884 A CN 105493884A
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- glossy ganoderma
- cement pit
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
Abstract
The invention discloses a lucid ganoderma cultivation method with flexible land selection and practicality and separating fungus rods and soil and a cement pool can be employed. The lucid ganoderma cultivation method comprises steps of land selection, greenhouse construction, cement pool construction and lucid ganoderma plantation in the cement pool. Flexible land selection can be achieved; the greenhouse can be permanently used and the cement pool has practicality. Standardized cultivation can be achieved; on one hand, the lucid ganoderma can be planted in a cement pool, so fungus rods can be fully separated from the soil and effects of pollutant sources, such as soil heavy metals and pesticide residuals in the soil on the fungus rods can be controlled; on the other hand, pollution to the soil by the fungus rods can be avoided and plantation land exchange for next time cultivation can be prevented; land resource can be effectively utilized and labor and material use can be reduced; the lucid ganoderma cultivation method has small pollution and high output; sporocarp is tidy and has no malformation; and conidial power can be easily collected and low cost is required.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to edible and medical fungi technical field of cultivation, the ganoderma lucidum cultivation method that specifically a kind of high yield and high quality, cultivation condition are controlled.
Background technology
Glossy ganoderma (formal name used at school: GanodermaLucidumKarst), profile is umbrella, cap kidney shape, semicircle or subcircular, is the fruit body of On Polyporaceae glossy ganoderma.Modern medicine proves: glossy ganoderma contains several physiological active substances, can regulate, strengthen body immunity, has good synergistic therapeutic action to neurasthenia, rheumatic arthritis, coronary heart disease, hypertension, hepatitis, diabetes, tumour etc.Therefore, the cultivation of glossy ganoderma also just becomes one of main farming of China's hill farmer.The high temperatures mushroom of Ganoderma, all can grow between 18 ~ 35 DEG C, thermophilic is 25 ~ 30 DEG C.Fruit body all can grow in the scope of 18 ~ 32 DEG C, but the optimum temperature of the differentiation of former base and fruit body development is 25 ~ 28 DEG C.Lower than 25 DEG C, sporophore growth is slow, and cot color and luster is also poor; Higher than 35 DEG C, fruit body can be dead.The humidity that glossy ganoderma growth needs is higher.Along with the increase of day and night temperature, mycelia covers with the time lengthening of bag.Growth period of hypha, require that moisture content in medium is 55% ~ 60%, relative air humidity is 70%.The fruit body development phase, relative air humidity requires 90% ~ 95%.If lower than 80%, fruit body meeting growth quality is bad, and the tender growing point of children at cap edge will become lead or crineous.Glossy ganoderma is aerobic fungi, all needs ozone in its whole growth and development process.Especially the sporophore growth developmental stage, more responsive to carbonic acid gas.When Carbon Dioxide in Air content reaches 1%, fruit body development is abnormal, breaks up without any tissue, forms the deformities such as deer horn shape.Glossy ganoderma is very responsive to light in growth and development process, and light has obvious inhibitory action to mycelial growth, and berlin black dark condition growth rate is the fastest, and when illumination is increased to 3000 lux, growth rate only has the half under full dark condition.Sporophore growth grows indispensable illumination, and in 1500 ~ 5000 luxs, the growth of stem, cap is rapidly, sturdy, covers thick.
Current is all carry out in the booth that outdoor is built in the cultivation of China mountain area glossy ganoderma, because planting technology has bacterium rod and the contaminated situation of soil more, therefore need to change cultivation area every year, so not only labor intensive, material resources and financial resources, the more important thing is due to long-term planting, sick worm occurs heavier, is difficult to find suitable cultivation place again concerning cultivation family.
Therefore, be necessary that developing a kind of place can select flexibly, cement pit is built has practicality and the cultivation method that can realize the glossy ganoderma that bacterium is excellent and soil is completely isolated.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, provides a kind of place to select flexibly, and cement pit is built has practicality and the cultivation method that can realize the glossy ganoderma that bacterium is excellent and soil is completely isolated.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is, comprise the selection step in place, the construction step of booth, the construction step of cement pit and cement pit plantation glossy ganoderma step, the selection step in described place refers to: build cement court in vacant lot, described cement court builds three layers from bottom to up successively, bottom adopts plain soil pressure real, and intermediate layer is paved with 100 ~ 200mm rubble, and upper strata adopts 100 ~ 200mmC30 concrete; The construction step of described booth refers to: adopt reinforcing bar to build frame, booth length 20 ~ 40m, width 3 ~ 6m, height 2.65 ~ 2.95m, cement pit is established in canopy, frame covers Anti-fogging Film and thermal insulation plastic film from the bottom to top successively, described booth peripheral hardware overall sunshade, sunshade is 1 ~ 5 layer, each 1 ~ 5 meter of distance booth surrounding, cover all booths, the two ends of booth arrange the relative door in two positions, and described door sets gradually as plastic foil door and gauze door from inside to outside; Sunshade is provided with willow sunshade forest belt and drain ditch outward from the inside to the outside successively; The construction step of described cement pit refers to: build cement pit in the booth on described cement court; Described cement pit plantation glossy ganoderma step refers to: first layer overlay river sand in described cement pit, leveling, a part of film is removed in the below of Ganoderma Lucidum rod uprightly cultivate, line space is 10 ~ 50cm × 10 ~ 50cm, then is covered with river sand, river sand height, bacterium rod put height with cement pit height on a horizontal plane, need after having planted to keep ventilation 1-10 days, then cut off sack, and keep airtight in canopy, carry out ventilation parameters according to the temperature in canopy; When treating that Ganoderma Lucidum rod major part grows glossy ganoderma mushroom flower bud, can water to its surface and carry out thin flower bud, only leave the glossy ganoderma mushroom flower bud that 1 ~ 5 growing way is good; Spread mulch film and the corresponding position opening grown with glossy ganoderma mushroom flower bud on mulch film; Keep ventilating when glossy ganoderma mushroom flower bud grows to 1 ~ 15cm, impel glossy ganoderma parachute-opening; When glossy ganoderma growth and maturity will go out conidial powder, cement pit is built Small plastic shed frame and cover non-woven fabrics on described Small plastic shed frame; Start to gather after glossy ganoderma is dusted 1 ~ 50 day, cut glossy ganoderma mushroom from the base portion shrub and hedge trimmer of glossy ganoderma mushroom handle when gathering, then clean down the conidial powder on cap with brush, collect the conidial powder on mulch film with dust catcher simultaneously.
By technique scheme, cement court is built in the vacant lot of spaciousness, and build the cultivation that booth and cement pit carry out glossy ganoderma, achieve the flexibility of place election, the practicality that the permanent and cement pit that booth is built is built; Adopt the present invention can realize standardized cultivation, effectively utilize land resources, save man power and material; Make bacterium rod achieve completely isolated with soil by planting glossy ganoderma in cement pit, effectively control the pollution of soil, stopped heavy metal-polluted soil, pesticide residue to the impact of bacterium rod, this like this booth can forever use; The glossy ganoderma pollution rate that this method is cultivated is little, output is high, and fruit body neat appearance, without deformity, be easy to collect conidial powder, and cost is low.Wherein sunshade forest belt adopts willow or tall trees wood to be formed, and can play the effect that sunshade is ventilative; The covering of Anti-fogging Film and thermal insulation plastic film can play the effect of insulation, can allow again in canopy and receive uniform scattered light, be conducive to the growth of glossy ganoderma, because glossy ganoderma is high temperature modification fungi, and mycelial growth temperature scope 18 ~ 32 DEG C, optimal temperature is 22 ~ 25 DEG C; Fruit body development temperature 22 ~ 30 DEG C, is the most suitable with 25 ~ 28 DEG C, therefore after temperature is more than 35 DEG C, needs timely ventilation, be just conducive to the growth of glossy ganoderma; Arrange the relative door in two positions at the two ends of booth, described door sets gradually as plastic foil door and gauze door from inside to outside; By the door that this two positions are relative, ventilation parameters can be carried out in booth, facilitate the management that grower plants glossy ganoderma simultaneously; Ventilate extremely important for the growth of glossy ganoderma, glossy ganoderma is aerobic fungi, and carbonic acid gas is very large to fruit body growth effect; When the concentration 1% of carbonic acid gas, fruit body development is abnormal, therefore need keep a direct ventilation when glossy ganoderma mushroom flower bud grows to about 1 ~ 15cm, so just be conducive to the growth of glossy ganoderma; By spreading mulch film and building Small plastic shed frame and cover non-woven fabrics on described Small plastic shed frame, effectively lucidum spore powder can be collected.
Further improvement is, described in the selection step in described place, vacant lot is available place, comprises the area that soil resource is barren.Such place election is more flexible, also more convenient, and effectively make use of land resources.
Further improvement is, the area that described soil resource is barren is saline land or punja.Such place election can be promoted in the area that the soil resource such as saline land, punja is barren, effectively utilizes land resources further.
Further improvement is, the construction quantity of booth described in the construction step of described booth is 3 ~ 6, builds 3 ~ 6 cement pits in a described booth.Material and manpower can be saved like this, reduce cost.
Further improvement is, the specification of described cement pit is: long 18 ~ 28m, wide 1 ~ 2m, high 100 ~ 200mm, cement pit wall thickness 100 ~ 200mm.The cement pit of such specification is conducive to the growth of glossy ganoderma, and is beneficial to manual operation.
Further improvement is, each described cement pit all leaves 1 ~ 5 discharge outlet, and adopts screen of screen window to do filter screen, and each described cement pit need have 1 ~ 5 water pipe to be used for height of water level in claire.Draining when being provided with like this is beneficial to plantation glossy ganoderma and being conducive to for glossy ganoderma growth provides moisture needed for it, adopt screen of screen window to do its material feedstock of filter screen and be available anywhere, cost is low, and can filter out a large amount of particle.
Further improvement is, the construction of described water pipe: 1 ~ 5 water pipe is all installed in the bottom of each described cement pit, and the limit of described cement pit fills 1 ~ 3 valve, described water pipe is holed every 10 ~ 100cm.Being provided with like this is beneficial to as glossy ganoderma growth provides moisture, and effective regulating pondage size.
As preferred version of the present invention, when gathering in described cement pit plantation glossy ganoderma step, cut glossy ganoderma mushroom from the base portion shrub and hedge trimmer of glossy ganoderma mushroom handle.
As preferred version of the present invention, the high 10 ~ 45cm of aspect ratio cement pit of described Small plastic shed frame.
Further improvement is, described sunshade adopts single net and nethike embrane to combine and covers, and the sunshade density of described sunshade is at least 80%.Because glossy ganoderma is very responsive to light in growth and development process, its mycelia does not like illumination, and under the condition of unglazed dark, growth rate is the fastest; The differentiation of fruit body and growth needs have comparatively strong scattering light, and in 1500 ~ 5000 luxs, the growth of stem, cap rapidly, sturdy, cap is thicker, plays the effect of taking shelter from rain, be more conducive to the cultivation of glossy ganoderma while the sunshade net therefore arranged like this can play good sunshade effect.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: (1) use plastic foil is layered on the contact on the ground for isolated soil and bacterium rod, but in the process of paving river sand, instrument can cause the destruction of plastic foil; Change after having gathered in the process of yellow sand, artificial also can cause plastic foil secondary damaged; The mode of this spreading can not completely cut off the contact of soil and bacterium rod completely; Use cement court and cement pit then can avoid the contact of soil and bacterium rod completely, can forever use; (2) use cement court, rainwater weather can be prevented the impact of booth, effectively can utilize land resources, be conducive to the discrepancy of the vehicles, effectively save human and material resources; Adopt the present invention can realize standardized cultivation, effectively utilize land resources, save man power and material; Make on the one hand bacterium rod achieve completely isolated with soil, effectively to control in soil pollution source to the impact of bacterium rod, as heavy metal-polluted soil, pesticide residue etc.; Also stopped the pollution of bacterium rod to soil on the other hand, avoided cultivation next time to change plantation place, greatly saved human and material resources, also effectively saved soil resource.The glossy ganoderma pollution rate adopting this method to produce is little, and fruit body neat appearance, without deformity, be easy to collect conidial powder, and cost is low.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Further describe below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiments of the present invention:
Fig. 1 is the state diagram that glossy ganoderma mushroom flower bud of the present invention is formed;
Fig. 2 is the state diagram after dredging flower bud in glossy ganoderma process of growth of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the state diagram after being exposed by mulch film opening part after glossy ganoderma mushroom flower bud of the present invention growth;
Fig. 4 is the state diagram of building Small plastic shed frame after glossy ganoderma parachute-opening of the present invention on cement pit;
Fig. 5 is the state diagram that the present invention covers nonwoven collection conidial powder on Small plastic shed frame.
Embodiment
Embodiment: the cultivation method of this glossy ganoderma, comprise the selection step in place, the construction step of booth, the construction step of cement pit and cement pit plantation glossy ganoderma step, the selection step in place refers to: build cement court in vacant lot, vacant lot is the vacant lot in a little mountain villa, the long 67.6m of the cement court of construction, wide 48.2m, cement court builds three layers from bottom to up successively, bottom adopts plain soil pressure real, and intermediate layer is paved with 100mm rubble, and upper strata adopts 150mmC30 concrete, the construction step of booth refers to: adopt reinforcing bar to build frame, build together and establish three rows, six booths, booth length 26.5m, width 6m, height 2.65m, cement pit is established in canopy, frame covers Anti-fogging Film and thermal insulation plastic film from the bottom to top successively, described booth peripheral hardware overall sunshade, sunshade is 2 layers, described sunshade adopts single net and nethike embrane to combine and covers, the sunshade density of described sunshade is 80%, the each 1m of distance booth surrounding, cover all booths, the two ends of booth arrange the relative door in two positions, described door sets gradually as plastic foil door and gauze door from inside to outside, the outer surrounding of sunshade is provided with cultivation area, willow sunshade forest belt and drain ditch from the inside to the outside successively, the construction step of cement pit refers to: build cement pit in the booth on cement court, build 3 cement pits in a booth, the specification of cement pit is: long 24.75m, wide 1m, high 180mm, cement pit wall thickness 120mm, each cement pit is spaced apart 0.5m, each cement pit all stays 3 discharge outlet, and adopts screen of screen window to do filter screen, each cement pit need have height of water level in more than one water pipe monitoring pool, the construction of water pipe: the bottom of each cement pit fills the water pipe of a 2cm, cement pool side is built a valve, the every 50cm boring of water pipe, cement pit plantation glossy ganoderma step refers to: plant 600 bacterium rods in each cement pit, first first layer overlay river sand in cement pit, leveling, a part of film is removed in the below of Ganoderma Lucidum rod and uprightly cultivates, line space is 20cm × 20cm, then is covered with river sand, and height put by river sand height, bacterium rod should with cement pit height on a horizontal plane, need after having planted to keep ventilation 7 ~ 10 days, then cut off sack (needing in fine weather operation), need after cutting off sack to keep airtight in canopy, need to ventilate in canopy in time after temperature is more than 33 DEG C, when treating that glossy ganoderma major part is all sprouted (as shown in Figure 1), can water to its surface and dredge flower bud at any time, only leaving 1 ~ 2 growing way good glossy ganoderma mushroom flower bud (as shown in Figure 2), then mulch film is spread, and the corresponding position opening grown with glossy ganoderma mushroom flower bud on mulch film, make glossy ganoderma mushroom flower bud go out to grow flower bud (as shown in Figure 3) at mulch film opening, need to keep long-term ventilation after glossy ganoderma mushroom flower bud grows to more than 10cm, allow glossy ganoderma parachute-opening, when glossy ganoderma maturation soon goes out conidial powder, build Small plastic shed frame (as shown in Figure 4), the height of Small plastic shed frame exceeds cement pit 32cm and cover non-woven fabrics on Small plastic shed frame, conidial powder is concentrated be scattered on the mulch film in Small plastic shed, is convenient to collect (as shown in Figure 5), start to gather after glossy ganoderma is dusted 35 days, when gathering, cut glossy ganoderma mushroom from the base portion shrub and hedge trimmer of glossy ganoderma mushroom handle, clean down the conidial powder on cap again with brush, collect the conidial powder on mulch film with dust catcher simultaneously.
The glossy ganoderma adopting the method to cultivate has the feature of stable yields and high yield, reaches 400 kgs/acre of glossy ganodermas.
More than show and describe general principle of the present invention, principal character and advantage.The technical staff of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; what describe in above-described embodiment and specification just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.Application claims protection domain is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (10)
1. the cultivation method of a glossy ganoderma, comprise the selection step in place, the construction step of booth, the construction step of cement pit and cement pit plantation glossy ganoderma step, it is characterized in that, the selection step in described place refers to: build cement court in vacant lot, described cement court builds three layers from bottom to up successively, bottom adopts plain soil pressure real, and intermediate layer is paved with 100 ~ 200mm rubble, and upper strata adopts 100 ~ 200mmC30 concrete; The construction step of described booth refers to: adopt reinforcing bar to build frame, booth length 20 ~ 40m, width 3 ~ 6m, height 2.65 ~ 2.95m, cement pit is established in canopy, frame covers Anti-fogging Film and thermal insulation plastic film from the bottom to top successively, described booth peripheral hardware overall sunshade, sunshade is 1 ~ 5 layer, each 1 ~ 5 meter of distance booth surrounding, cover all booths, the two ends of booth arrange the relative door in two positions, and described door sets gradually as plastic foil door and gauze door from inside to outside; Sunshade is provided with sunshade forest belt and drain ditch outward from the inside to the outside successively; The construction step of described cement pit refers to: build cement pit in the booth on described cement court; Described cement pit plantation glossy ganoderma step refers to: first layer overlay river sand in described cement pit, leveling, a part of film is removed in the below of Ganoderma Lucidum rod uprightly cultivate, line space is 10 ~ 50cm × 10 ~ 50cm, then is covered with river sand, river sand height, bacterium rod put height with cement pit height on a horizontal plane, need after having planted to keep ventilation 1 ~ 10 day, then cut off sack, and keep airtight in canopy, carry out ventilation parameters according to the temperature in canopy; When treating that Ganoderma Lucidum rod major part grows glossy ganoderma mushroom flower bud, can water to its surface and carry out thin flower bud, only leave the glossy ganoderma mushroom flower bud that 1 ~ 5 growing way is good; Spread mulch film and the corresponding position opening grown with glossy ganoderma mushroom flower bud on mulch film; Keep ventilating when glossy ganoderma mushroom flower bud grows to 1 ~ 15cm, impel glossy ganoderma parachute-opening; When glossy ganoderma growth and maturity will go out conidial powder, cement pit is built Small plastic shed frame and cover non-woven fabrics on described Small plastic shed frame; Start to gather after glossy ganoderma is dusted 1 ~ 50 day, cut glossy ganoderma mushroom from the base portion shrub and hedge trimmer of glossy ganoderma mushroom handle when gathering, then clean down the conidial powder on cap with brush, collect the conidial powder on mulch film with dust catcher simultaneously.
2. the cultivation method of glossy ganoderma according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described vacant lot in the selection step in described place is available place, comprises the area that soil resource is barren.
3. the cultivation method of glossy ganoderma according to claim 2, is characterized in that, the area that described soil resource is barren is saline land or punja.
4. the cultivation method of the glossy ganoderma according to any one of claim 1 ~ 3, is characterized in that, the construction quantity of the described booth in the construction step of described booth is 3 ~ 6, builds 3 ~ 6 cement pits in a described booth.
5. the cultivation method of glossy ganoderma according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the specification of described cement pit is: long 20 ~ 40m, wide 1 ~ 2m, high 100 ~ 200mm, cement pit wall thickness 100 ~ 200mm.
6. the cultivation method of glossy ganoderma according to claim 5, is characterized in that, all leaves 1 ~ 5 discharge outlet, and adopt screen of screen window to do filter screen bottom each described cement pit, and each described cement pit need have 1 ~ 5 water pipe to be used for height of water level in claire.
7. the cultivation method of glossy ganoderma according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the setting of described water pipe: 1 ~ 5 water pipe is all installed in the bottom of each described cement pit, and the limit of described cement pit fills 1 ~ 3 valve, described water pipe is holed every 10 ~ 100cm.
8. the cultivation method of glossy ganoderma according to claim 7, is characterized in that, cuts glossy ganoderma mushroom when gathering in described cement pit plantation glossy ganoderma step from the base portion shrub and hedge trimmer of glossy ganoderma mushroom handle.
9. the cultivation method of glossy ganoderma according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the high 10 ~ 45cm of aspect ratio cement pit of described Small plastic shed frame.
10. the cultivation method of glossy ganoderma according to claim 9, is characterized in that, described sunshade adopts single net and nethike embrane to combine and covers, and the sunshade density of described sunshade is at least 80%.
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Cited By (8)
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| CN106941928A (en) * | 2017-03-02 | 2017-07-14 | 江苏道诚生物科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of Phellinus |
| CN107318460A (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2017-11-07 | 金寨县云凡绿色中药材有限责任公司 | A kind of ecology planting method of ganoderma lucidum |
| CN107580970A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-01-16 | 云南菌视界生物科技有限公司 | A kind of moist area of heavy rainfull hickory chick commercialization cultural method |
| CN110122178A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-08-16 | 江苏道诚生物科技有限公司 | A kind of method of salt-soda soil cultivating and growing ganoderma lucidum |
| CN110663416A (en) * | 2019-11-24 | 2020-01-10 | 雷明龙 | Planting pool |
| CN112154856A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-01-01 | 扬州瑞钰灵芝生态园有限公司 | Water culture process for lucid ganoderma |
| CN112586270A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-04-02 | 安徽省康美来大别山生物科技有限公司 | Lucid ganoderma double-film bag-clamping cultivation method |
| CN113966694A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-01-25 | 西藏仙芝谷科技开发有限公司 | Method for collecting ganoderma lucidum spore powder |
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| CN110122178A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-08-16 | 江苏道诚生物科技有限公司 | A kind of method of salt-soda soil cultivating and growing ganoderma lucidum |
| CN110663416A (en) * | 2019-11-24 | 2020-01-10 | 雷明龙 | Planting pool |
| CN112154856A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-01-01 | 扬州瑞钰灵芝生态园有限公司 | Water culture process for lucid ganoderma |
| CN112586270A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-04-02 | 安徽省康美来大别山生物科技有限公司 | Lucid ganoderma double-film bag-clamping cultivation method |
| CN113966694A (en) * | 2021-10-27 | 2022-01-25 | 西藏仙芝谷科技开发有限公司 | Method for collecting ganoderma lucidum spore powder |
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