CN105493876A - Method for high-yield peanut cultivation in dry land - Google Patents
Method for high-yield peanut cultivation in dry land Download PDFInfo
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- CN105493876A CN105493876A CN201610029870.0A CN201610029870A CN105493876A CN 105493876 A CN105493876 A CN 105493876A CN 201610029870 A CN201610029870 A CN 201610029870A CN 105493876 A CN105493876 A CN 105493876A
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- peanut
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- punja
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Working Implements (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Fertilizing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-yield peanut cultivation and particularly relates to a method for high-yield peanut cultivation in dry land. The method for high-yield peanut cultivation in the dry land includes the following steps of 1 deep scarification and soil preparation, 2 base fertilizer application, 3 seed selection and seed mixing, 4 sowing and 5 field management. The method adopts the deep soil scarification to improve the water-holding capacity and fertilizer-retaining capacity of soil, sufficient fertilizer application is performed, then a special weeding mulching film is laid for retaining moisture and fertility in the soil and preventing water and fertility loss and moisture evaporation; when seedlings grow to reach an appropriate height, a multi-functional foliar fertilizer is sprayed to control growth of the seedlings and promote development of pods, and the higher peanut yield is obtained under the good water and fertility conditions. The yield is up to 352-371 kg/mu and is increased by 37%-44% compared with the yield obtained by means of a conventional method, and the full fruit rate is above 83% and is improved by at least 22% compared with the full fruit rate obtained by means of the conventional method.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Cultivation of High Yield Peanuts technical field, be specifically related to a kind of method of punja Cultivation of High Yield Peanuts.
Background technology
Peanut (peanut), original name peanut (formal name used at school: ArachishypogaeaLinn.), is the main oil crop of China and large shipping crop, has another name called " peanut ", " peanut ".Belong to Rosales, pulse family Arachis, consequence of blooming pin result of burying is the principal character that Arachis plant distinguishes other plant.Mainly be distributed in the ground such as Brazil, China, Egypt.
China's peanut more than 50% is planted in punja, particularly the provinces and regions such as Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Jiangxi, Yunnan, Hunan, and the general output of punja peanut is very low, and cavity phenomenon is general.Trace it to its cause: (1) lacks irrigation conditions, be usually subject to the threat of arid, cause the underproduction even to have no harvest.(2) because these soil fertility conditions are poor, in soil, the element validity such as calcium, phosphorus, molybdenum is poor, and boron content is minimum.Be unfavorable for peanut growth, cause little, the not plump fruit of peanut, ghost quantity more, have impact on the quality and yield of peanut.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and shortcoming, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of punja Cultivation of High Yield Peanuts, the method can meet the demand of peanut to liquid manure, and control is empty not plump, improves peanut plumpness and output.
Object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A method for punja Cultivation of High Yield Peanuts, comprises following steps:
(1) subsoiling land preparation: subsoiling land preparation is carried out to planting site;
(2) base manure is applied: the planting site after step (1) subsoiling land preparation is disposable before planting peanut uses sufficient base manure;
(3) seed selection and seed dressing: the peanut seed choosing full maturation, sows front bactericide and insecticide seed dressing;
(4) sow: the peanut seed in sowing step (3) after seed dressing, and covering with plastic film;
(5) field management: when peanut plant height reaches 30cm ~ 40cm, sprays multifunctional foliage fertilizer 2 ~ 3 times;
The mode of the subsoiling land preparation described in step (1) is: do not dig, do not upset original soil layer construction, chesson, break the hard layer that plows, improve soil plough horizon structure, increase the soil plough horizon degree of depth, and then play retain and conserve soil moisture, increase ground temperature, promote soil-ripening, promote cultivated-land, can also promote that crop root is grown simultaneously, strengthen its lodging-prevention and drought-resistance ability, for peanut high yield establishes certain basis;
Subsoiling land preparation described in step (1) preferably adopts deep-loosening soil-working machine to carry out;
After planting site subsoiling land preparation described in step (1), the thickness of loosing soil layer is preferably 30 ~ 50cm;
The kind of the base manure described in step (2) and amount of application are preferably: every mu of application of organic fertilizers 2000 ~ 3000 kilograms, superphosphate 25 ~ 50 kilograms, and acid soil separately adds 50 ~ 100 kilograms, lime;
Described fertilizer is preferably at least one in feces of livestock and poultry, agricultural wastes, trade waste, house refuse, municipal sludge and modern physics and chemistry;
The pig manure that described feces of livestock and poultry preferably becomes thoroughly decomposed, chicken manure, cattle and sheep horsehit, rabbit excrement etc.;
Peanut varieties described in step (3) is preferably boat and spends No. 2;
The consumption of the bactericide described in step (3) is preferably 0.5% of seed weight;
Bactericide described in step (3) is preferably 50% carbendazol wettable powder;
The consumption of the insecticide described in step (3) is preferably 0.2% of seed weight;
Insecticide described in step (3) is preferably phoxim granule;
Mulch film described in step (4) is preferably the special weed removal mulch film of peanut;
Foliage fertilizer described in step (5) preferably comprises following component by mass percentage:
Roots of Peanut cauline leaf is that peanut nutrition absorbs and photosynthetic organ, and the normal growth of root, stem and leaf is the guarantee of photosynthesis synthetic.Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium three elements be the guarantee of root, stem and leaf normal growth, lack nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium root, stem and leaf can not normal growth, photosynthesis can not normally carry out.NH in nitrate of lime, ammonium molybdate
4 +, NO
3 -be the nitrogen form that plant easily absorbs, the cauline leaf of peanut can be impelled to grow, and leaf look dark green; K in potassium dihydrogen phosphate
+the potassium prime form that plant easily absorbs, K
+impel plant growth healthy and strong, stem stalk is thick and stiff, strengthens disease and insect resistance and ability resistant to lodging; Promote the needs that the generation of sugar and starch is enriched to meet pod; PO in potassium dihydrogen phosphate
4 -2, be the phosphate fertilizer that plant needs, impel crop root flourishing, strengthen cold-resistant drought-resistant ability; Promote crop premature ripening, the lower pin fruit that blooms is increased, and pod is full; Calcium is the indispensable element that peanut pod is formed, and calcium deficiency pod shell can not normally be formed.Calcium constituent can promote the synthesis of peanut body internal protein and acid amides, reduces sterile grain rate, increases pod plumpness.Calcium deficiency root bar is thin and delicate, single a kind of fruit, such as apple, pear, etc., not plump fruit and empty fruit showed increased.Therefore, enrich nitric acid calcareous fertilisers, Pod Yield and quality can be improved.In boric acid, boron element is one of required nutritive element of peanut, and the effect of boron in Development of Peanut mainly contains: participate in the distribution of carbohydrate in plant corpus and running; Promote merismatic growth; Promote the growth of nutrition organs and reproductive organs; Promote precocious, oil recovery enhancement; Strengthen resistance.Peanut is the crop with rhizobium, and molybdenum participates in the nitrogen fixation of rhizobium, and biological nitrogen fixation is enzymatic by fixed nitrogen.Molybdenum has been the effect of electron transit mediator in nitrogenase, and the root nodule energy fixed nitrogen of peanut, therefore molybdenum has the meaning of particular importance for peanut.The glucide of photosynthesis synthesis, is transported to Roots of Peanut cauline leaf nutrition organs and pod reproductive organs.Paclobutrazol (PP333) is that one of plant growth regulator can suppress root, stem and leaf etc. to be nourished and grown, and the glucide of photosynthesis synthesis, just can be transported to pod more, can promote shell development, promotes high yield of peanut.
The present invention has following advantage and effect relative to prior art:
(1) the present invention adopts Subsoiling, and raising soil water storage ability and fertility possess ability.Then the moisture in lid peanut special weed removal mulch film preservation soil and fertility, prevent liquid manure to run off and moisture evaporation.Use sufficient base manure, spray foliage fertilizer when suitable height of seedling, control the growth of seedling, promote the growth of pod.Peanut obtains higher output under good fertilizer and water condition.
(2) the functional leaf leaven that the present invention adopts can effectively control nourishing and growing of peanut growth later stage, promotes reproductive growth, accelerates seed maturity and promotes shell development, promoting high yield of peanut.
(3) cultivation method provided by the invention, peanut yield reaches 352 ~ 371 kgs/acre, and than conventional method volume increase 37% ~ 44%, plumpness reaches more than 83%, at least improves 22% than conventional method.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Embodiment 1
A method for punja Cultivation of High Yield Peanuts, comprises following steps:
(1) subsoiling land preparation
Adopt large sized tractor to join extension deep-loosening soil-working machine to loosen the soil, subsoiling soil, the thickness of loosing soil layer reaches 35cm, does not dig, chesson, break the hard layer that plows, increase the soil plough horizon degree of depth, play and retain and conserve soil moisture, increase ground temperature, promote soil-ripening, promote cultivated-land;
(2) base manure is applied
Planting site after step (1) subsoiling land preparation is disposable before planting peanut uses sufficient base manure; Use the Swine manure 2000 kilograms become thoroughly decomposed, superphosphate 25 kilograms, separately add 50 kilograms, lime for every mu;
(3) seed selection and seed dressing
The peanut improved seeds boat of selected full maturation spends No. 2 seeds, before sowing, with 50% carbendazol wettable powder+phoxim granule seed dressing; Wherein, the consumption of 50% carbendazol wettable powder is 0.5% of seed weight, and the consumption of phoxim granule is 0.2% of seed weight;
(4) sow
Peanut seed in sowing step (3) after seed dressing, and select the special weed removal mulch film of peanut to cover;
(5) field management:
When peanut plant height reaches 30cm, spray multifunctional foliage fertilizer 2 times, multifunctional foliage fertilizer is composed as follows:
Implementation result: under the arid condition of 35 days, adopt the peanut of the inventive method plantation, growing way is prosperous, and do not occur the seedling withered because of arid, plumpness reaches 83%, improves 22% than contrast (conventional method); Output reaches 365 kilograms, increases production 42% (table 1) than contrast (conventional method).
Embodiment 2
A method for punja Cultivation of High Yield Peanuts, comprises following steps:
(1) subsoiling land preparation
Adopt large sized tractor to join extension deep-loosening soil-working machine to loosen the soil, the thickness of subsoiling soil loosing soil layer reaches 42.5cm, do not dig, chesson, break the hard layer that plows, increase the soil plough horizon degree of depth, play and retain and conserve soil moisture, increase ground temperature, promote soil-ripening, promote cultivated-land;
(2) base manure is applied
Planting site after step (1) subsoiling land preparation is disposable before planting peanut uses sufficient base manure; Use the Swine manure 2500 kilograms become thoroughly decomposed, superphosphate 37.5 kilograms, separately add 75 kilograms, lime for every mu;
(3) seed selection and seed dressing
The peanut improved seeds boat of selected full maturation spends No. 2 seeds, before sowing, with 50% carbendazol wettable powder+phoxim granule seed dressing; Wherein, the consumption of 50% carbendazol wettable powder is 0.5% of seed weight, and the consumption of phoxim granule is 0.2% of seed weight;
(4) sow
Peanut seed in sowing step (3) after seed dressing, and select the special weed removal mulch film of peanut to cover;
(5) field management:
When peanut plant height reaches 30cm, spray multifunctional foliage fertilizer 2 times, multifunctional foliage fertilizer is composed as follows:
Implementation result: under the arid condition of 35 days, adopt the peanut of the inventive method plantation, growing way is prosperous, and do not occur the seedling withered because of arid, plumpness reaches 85%, improves 24% than contrast (conventional method); Output reaches 371 kilograms, increases production 44% (table 1) than contrast (conventional method).
Embodiment 3
A method for punja Cultivation of High Yield Peanuts, comprises following steps:
(1) subsoiling land preparation
Adopt large sized tractor to join extension deep-loosening soil-working machine to loosen the soil, subsoiling soil reaches the thickness 50cm of loosing soil layer, do not dig, chesson, break the hard layer that plows, increase the soil plough horizon degree of depth, play and retain and conserve soil moisture, increase ground temperature, promote soil-ripening, promote cultivated-land;
(2) base manure is applied
Planting site after step (1) subsoiling land preparation is disposable before planting peanut uses sufficient base manure; Use the Swine manure 3000 kilograms become thoroughly decomposed, superphosphate 50 kilograms, separately add 100 kilograms, lime for every mu.
(3) seed selection and seed dressing
The peanut improved seeds boat of selected full maturation spends No. 2 seeds, before sowing, with 50% carbendazol wettable powder+phoxim granule seed dressing; Wherein, the consumption of 50% carbendazol wettable powder is 0.5% of seed weight, the consumption of phoxim granule be seed weight 0.2%;
(4) sow
Peanut seed in sowing step (3) after seed dressing, and select the special weed removal mulch film of peanut to cover;
(5) field management:
When peanut plant height reaches 40cm, spray multifunctional foliage fertilizer 2 times; Multifunctional foliage fertilizer is composed as follows:
Implementation result: under the arid condition of 35 days, adopt the peanut of the inventive method plantation, growing way is prosperous, and do not occur the seedling withered because of arid, plumpness reaches 86%, improves 25% than contrast (conventional method); Output reaches 352 kilograms, increases production 37% (table 1) than contrast (conventional method).
The analysis of table 1 embodiment 1 ~ 3 implementation result
Above-described embodiment is the present invention's preferably embodiment; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; change, the modification done under other any does not deviate from Spirit Essence of the present invention and principle, substitute, combine, simplify; all should be the substitute mode of equivalence, be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a method for punja Cultivation of High Yield Peanuts, is characterized in that comprising following steps:
(1) subsoiling land preparation: subsoiling land preparation is carried out to planting site;
(2) base manure is applied: the planting site after step (1) subsoiling land preparation is disposable before planting peanut uses sufficient base manure;
(3) seed selection and seed dressing: the peanut seed choosing full maturation, sows front bactericide and insecticide seed dressing;
(4) sow: the peanut seed in sowing step (3) after seed dressing, and covering with plastic film;
(5) field management: when peanut plant height reaches 30cm ~ 40cm, sprays multifunctional foliage fertilizer 2 ~ 3 times;
Foliage fertilizer described in step (5) comprises following component by mass percentage:
2. the method for punja Cultivation of High Yield Peanuts according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
The mode of the subsoiling land preparation described in step (1) is: do not dig, do not upset original soil layer construction, chesson, breaks the hard layer that plows, improves soil plough horizon structure, increases the soil plough horizon degree of depth.
3. the method for punja Cultivation of High Yield Peanuts according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that:
After planting site subsoiling land preparation described in step (1), the thickness of loosing soil layer is 30 ~ 50cm.
4. the method for punja Cultivation of High Yield Peanuts according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Kind and the amount of application of the base manure described in step (2) are: every mu of application of organic fertilizers 2000 ~ 3000 kilograms, superphosphate 25 ~ 50 kilograms, acid soil separately adds 50 ~ 100 kilograms, lime.
5. the method for punja Cultivation of High Yield Peanuts according to claim 4, is characterized in that:
Described fertilizer is at least one in feces of livestock and poultry, agricultural wastes, trade waste, house refuse, municipal sludge and modern physics and chemistry.
6. the method for punja Cultivation of High Yield Peanuts according to claim 5, is characterized in that:
Described feces of livestock and poultry is the pig manure, chicken manure, cattle and sheep horsehit or the rabbit excrement that become thoroughly decomposed.
7. the method for punja Cultivation of High Yield Peanuts according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Peanut varieties described in step (3) is that boat spends No. 2.
8. the method for punja Cultivation of High Yield Peanuts according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
The consumption of the bactericide described in step (3) is 0.5% of seed weight;
The consumption of the insecticide described in step (3) is 0.2% of seed weight.
9. the method for punja Cultivation of High Yield Peanuts according to claim 8, is characterized in that:
Bactericide described in step (3) is 50% carbendazol wettable powder;
Insecticide described in step (3) is phoxim granule.
10. the method for punja Cultivation of High Yield Peanuts according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Mulch film described in step (4) is the special weed removal mulch film of peanut.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610029870.0A CN105493876A (en) | 2016-01-15 | 2016-01-15 | Method for high-yield peanut cultivation in dry land |
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| CN201610029870.0A CN105493876A (en) | 2016-01-15 | 2016-01-15 | Method for high-yield peanut cultivation in dry land |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106717890A (en) * | 2016-12-10 | 2017-05-31 | 陈培党 | A kind of Cultivation of High Yield Peanuts technical method |
| CN107324934A (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2017-11-07 | 武为照 | The preparation method of peanut high yield foliar fertilizer |
| CN107493923A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2017-12-22 | 界首市高丰农业专业合作社 | A kind of clay tibet milkwort root implantation methods |
| CN107836314A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-03-27 | 山东省花生研究所 | A kind of Cultivation of High Yield Peanuts method for releasing continuous cropping obstacle |
| CN110402783A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2019-11-05 | 胡林英 | A kind of peanut cultivation planting technology that stable high yield is resistant to lodging |
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| CN101288370A (en) * | 2008-06-13 | 2008-10-22 | 李敏 | Pinellia ternate good quality and high output culture technique |
| CN102246647A (en) * | 2011-05-28 | 2011-11-23 | 上海市农业科学院 | Breeding and cultivation method of spring sowing type vegetable soybean |
| CN103416183A (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2013-12-04 | 重庆市药物种植研究所 | Artificial cultivation method of dioscorea zingiberensis |
| CN104335807A (en) * | 2014-10-11 | 2015-02-11 | 高深 | Planting method for soybeans |
| CN105036926A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-11-11 | 湖南天华油茶科技股份有限公司 | Foliar nutrient special for tea-oil trees and application thereof |
-
2016
- 2016-01-15 CN CN201610029870.0A patent/CN105493876A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101288370A (en) * | 2008-06-13 | 2008-10-22 | 李敏 | Pinellia ternate good quality and high output culture technique |
| CN102246647A (en) * | 2011-05-28 | 2011-11-23 | 上海市农业科学院 | Breeding and cultivation method of spring sowing type vegetable soybean |
| CN103416183A (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2013-12-04 | 重庆市药物种植研究所 | Artificial cultivation method of dioscorea zingiberensis |
| CN104335807A (en) * | 2014-10-11 | 2015-02-11 | 高深 | Planting method for soybeans |
| CN105036926A (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2015-11-11 | 湖南天华油茶科技股份有限公司 | Foliar nutrient special for tea-oil trees and application thereof |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106717890A (en) * | 2016-12-10 | 2017-05-31 | 陈培党 | A kind of Cultivation of High Yield Peanuts technical method |
| CN107324934A (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2017-11-07 | 武为照 | The preparation method of peanut high yield foliar fertilizer |
| CN107493923A (en) * | 2017-09-26 | 2017-12-22 | 界首市高丰农业专业合作社 | A kind of clay tibet milkwort root implantation methods |
| CN107836314A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-03-27 | 山东省花生研究所 | A kind of Cultivation of High Yield Peanuts method for releasing continuous cropping obstacle |
| CN110402783A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2019-11-05 | 胡林英 | A kind of peanut cultivation planting technology that stable high yield is resistant to lodging |
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