CN105432391A - Method for increasing sprouting rate and seedling rate of directly-seeded early season rice - Google Patents
Method for increasing sprouting rate and seedling rate of directly-seeded early season rice Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for increasing the sprouting rate and the seedling rate of directly-seeded early season rice. The method includes the steps of soaking directly-seeded early season rice seeds through a compound solution, increasing the sprouting rate and the seedling rate of directly-seeded early season rice through the cooperation with a rice seedling bed management method of directly-seeded rice, airing directly-seeded early season rice seeds in advance, preparing a compound soaking agent mother solution, soaking seeds for 2 days according to the ratio that 1 Kg of seeds are soaked in 1 liter of soaking solution, conducting stirring to evenly soak seeds, conducting heat preservation and germination accelerating for 2-3 days after seeds are taken out, leveling a direct seeding field according to requirements of directly-seeded rice, making drainage ditches according to the requirement that the field face is smooth and no obvious accumulated water or large-area protrusions are generated, and evenly sowing seeds subjected to germination acceleration to the prepared direct seeding field. By means of the method, no additional labor needs to be input; through the operation with a frequently-used directly-seeded rice seedling bed management method, the sprouting rate and the seedling rate of directly-seeded early season rice are increased; the cold resistance of rice during the bud period is enhanced, and the sprouting rate and the seedling rate of directly-seeded early season rice are remarkably increased; input is small, the depletion effect is obvious, and economic benefits of each mu can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to rice cultivating technique field, particularly relate to a kind of method promoting ridged pot without plow bud ratio and planting percent.
Background technology
Low temperature is a large limiting factor of paddy growth, is the significant problem affecting rice yield, and China is every year because the paddy of low temperature cold damage loss reaches 30 ~ 5,000,000,000 kg.All can there is chilling injury reaction in paddy rice whole period of growing.Wherein the chilling injury ratio of bud phase is easier to occur in live field and rice seedling bed, if the bud phase is not cold-resistant, will causes reduction and the seedling rot phenomenon of paddy rice planting percent, thus affect the foundation of Rice Photosynthesis colony, and cause the reduction of rice yield.
Cold in the late spring, refers to that the early spring (referring generally at the beginning of 23 months the end of month) temperature gos up very fast, and in later stage in spring (referring generally to April) temperature compared with normal time weather phenomenon on the low side.Cold in the late spring is the main disaster weather events of south early rice sowing seedling phase, is the main cause causing early rice rotten kind of seedling rot.So not only large losses seed, and incur loss through delay sowing season because reseeding, the early rice maturing stage is postponed, affects late rice and plant, make late rice heading flowering period be subject to chilling damage.In nearly more than 30 years, the poorest with the synoptic climate condition of 1951,1969,1970,1976, cause serious seedling rot, general seedling rot rate is more than 30%, and what have reaches 50%.As 1970 are only the rotten kind in Guangxi province and just reach more than 100,000,000 jin; 1976, only Hunan, Jiangxi, Hubei San Sheng reached 700,000,000 jin with regard to loss seed-grain.
" cold in the late spring " is that double rice cropping system, middle and lower reach of Yangtze River early rice produces common Catastrophe climate.In recent years, because Urbanization Construction and migrant worker increase, agricultural production faces the problem of labor shortage and the lifting of unit interval recruitment expense, in South China Double Cropping rice district, early rice produces and generally takes the direct-seeding that recruitment is few, utilizes conventional Rice seed to carry out direct sowing of rice morning.1), saving of labor, laborsaving rice direct-seeding has following advantage:, and labor productivity is high: generally every mu can saving of labor 1-2, labor productivity improves about 30%.2) raise the multiple-cropping index: Direct-seeding Rice does not need rice seedling bed, be conducive to expanding sown area, raise the multiple-cropping index.3) cost-saving synergistic: due to saving of labor, province rice seedling bed, and decrease fertilizers input etc., escapable cost 30-40 unit mu, benefit increases every mu, 50-100 unit.4) be convenient to mechanization, large-scale planting: from whole, sow, eliminate until results, entire mechanization operation can be realized, alleviate labour intensity, alleviate the seasonal contradiction of labour, be convenient to the scale of Rice Production.5) host " small brown rice planthopper " avoiding propagating stripe disease concentrates rice seedling bed harmful characteristics.6) increase production: generally increase production 10%-15%.
But the bud phase cold resistance of rice varieties is generally more weak, and lack output in existing kind high, cold resistance is good, the conventional early-paddy brown rice of matters local ripe phase.Ridged pot without plow is easy to be subject to the impact of " cold in the late spring " that double rice cropping system takes place frequently at seeding stage and causes seedling rot to be short of seedling, and finally causes Rice Production Basic Seedling not enough and the underproduction, has a strong impact on
countrygrain security.Therefore, improve the cold resistance of ridged pot without plow, the underproduction becomes the key subjects that current double rice cropping system early rice need of production solves because meeting with the impact of " cold in the late spring " to avoid early rice production.
Usually two kinds of methods have been addressed this problem, 1, by breeding methods, the early-paddy brown rice that the seed selection bud phase is cold-resistant, this method is the most direct and effectively most economical, but need to experience the breeding more than several years, and currently there is no the strong early rice conventional variety of suitable cold resistance; 2, by the cold resistance of the measure such as cultivation raising kinds, but extra auxiliary cultivation method is often along with larger input, affects peasant and to till the land income.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method promoting ridged pot without plow bud ratio and planting percent, be intended to solve early in direct sowing of rice the bud phase meet with " cold in the late spring " and cause seedling rot, be short of seedling and the problem of the underproduction.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of method promoting ridged pot without plow bud ratio and planting percent, utilizes compositional liquor to soak seed to ridged pot without plow, coordinates the young plants management method of Direct-seeding Rice, promotes bud ratio and the planting percent of ridged pot without plow; The method of this promotion ridged pot without plow bud ratio and planting percent comprises the following steps:
Step one, in advance airing ridged pot without plow seed;
Step 2, prepare composite soaking agent mother liquor; The Prochloraz of 50mg brassinosteroid, 50mg99%, the multiple Sodium nitrophenolate of 5g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5g are successively dissolved in 1kg water, and stir;
Step 3, be 1Kg seed according to soak, the ratio of 1 liter of soak soaks seed 2 days, and stirs, and makes seed soak evenly; Insulation vernalization 2-3 days after proposing;
Step 4, by the smooth live field of Direct-seeding Rice requirement, smooth in face, field, do not have to carry out drain ditch in the middle of the field surrounding of obvious ponding and large area projection and field;
Step 5, will soak with soak and urged the seed uniform broadcasting of bud in the live field put in order.
The present invention also takes following technical measures:
Described composite soaking agent mother liquor comprises 50mg/kg brassinosteroid, the Prochloraz of 50mg/kg99%, 5g multiple Sodium nitrophenolate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5g/kg, prepares 100 times, 1000 times and 1500 times of liquid.
The advantage that the present invention has and good effect are: the method for this promotion ridged pot without plow bud ratio and planting percent is simple to operate, the artificial input that unnecessary increase is extra; Coordinate conventional live young plants management method, improve ridged pot without plow bud ratio and planting percent.Strengthen the cold resistance of Bud Bursting Period in Rice, significantly improve bud ratio and the planting percent of direct seading rice; Less investment, impairment successful, can improve every mu of economic benefit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
fig. 1it is the method flow of the promotion ridged pot without plow bud ratio that provides of the embodiment of the present invention and planting percent
figure.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
Below in conjunction with
accompanying drawingapplication principle of the present invention is further described.
as Fig. 1: utilize compositional liquor to soak seed to ridged pot without plow, coordinate the young plants management method of Direct-seeding Rice, promote bud ratio and the planting percent of ridged pot without plow; The method of this promotion ridged pot without plow bud ratio and planting percent comprises the following steps:
S101, in advance airing ridged pot without plow seed;
S102, prepare composite soaking agent mother liquor; The Prochloraz of 50mg brassinosteroid, 50mg99%, the multiple Sodium nitrophenolate of 5g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5g are successively dissolved in 1kg water, and stir;
S103, be 1Kg seed according to soak, the ratio of 1 liter of soak soaks seed 2 days, and stirs, and makes seed soak evenly; Insulation vernalization 2-3 days after proposing;
S104, by the smooth live field of Direct-seeding Rice requirement, carry out drain ditch, require that face, field is smooth, do not have obvious ponding and large area protruding;
S105, will soak with soak and urged the seed uniform broadcasting of bud in the live field put in order.
Described composite soaking agent mother liquor comprises 50mg/kg brassinosteroid, the Prochloraz of 50mg/kg99%, 5g multiple Sodium nitrophenolate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5g/kg, prepares 100 times, 1000 times and 1500 times of liquid.
In order to reduce " cold in the late spring " calamitous climate to the impact of ridged pot without plow rice shoot, improve anti-disaster weather ability in early rice production, this experiment is intended carrying out the live test of presoaking and germinating by one group of built agent to ridged pot without plow, study such built agent to enhancing Bud Bursting Period in Rice cold resistance, improve the bud ratio of ridged pot without plow and the impact of planting percent and what production of group built agent to ridged pot without plow effectively most economical.For this seed soaking agent from now on use and popularization provides reference, the low temperature Control Technology of horn of plenty Direct-seeding Rice and seed soaking agent research and development provide data and theoretical foundation, also for rice direct-seeding cultivation large scale application provides technical support.
With paddy rice early rice conventional Rice, for early rice Direct-seeding Rice first-selected kind gold in Jiangxi Province's 17 be early example, be accustomed to every mu according to local Cotton Varieties by Small Farming Households and sow 6kg/ mu.
Test area is 2 mu, the sowing time: March 24 soaked seed, and March 28 was sowed.
According to locality fertilising habits fertilization, wherein base manure sealing fertilizer 20kg/ mu (being 15% containing N, P2O5, K2O, lower same); Tillering fertilizer sealing fertilizer 10kg/ mu, urea 6kg/ mu; Ear manuer sealing fertilizer 15kg/ mu; Urea 5kg/ mu executed by granulated fertilizer; Above-mentioned fertilising adds up to every mu to execute N11.81kg/ mu, P2O56.75kg/ mu, K2O6.75kg/ mu.
Rice field difference of height must not more than 3cm, and field surrounding carries out drain ditch, communicates between drain ditch, makes Tanaka carry out drain ditch and ensures that field drainage is smooth, face, field not ponding.By water emptying after mud is implemented.Field is neat, not ponding, Yao You drain ditch, each community, the full face, field of control rainwater leaching, drift kind.The group arrangement of random district, plot area 35m2, repeats 3 times.During seed soaking, requirement divides packed, carries out mark, autogamy Medicament soaked seed 48 hours, interval seed soaking, and shop instruction operation pressed by other medicament.After planting spread bird prevention net, prevent bird pest.After seedling grows tall, remove net.By the conventional high yield management method operation of Direct-seeding Rice.
Seed soaking agent mother liquor is allotted in requirement according to the Prochloraz of 50mg/kg brassinosteroid, 50mg/kg99%, the multiple Sodium nitrophenolate of 5g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5g/kg, again according to each market price of medicine in formula, composite go out 3 variable concentrations of preparation 100 times, 1000 times and 1500 times liquid i.e. the seed soaking agent of different unit price, clear water and Prochloraz seed soaking are set in addition, soak the seed of identical weight with the seed soaking agent of same volume before early rice seed is live, guarantee the identical time of soaking seed, sow respectively after then having investigated data.5 process are respectively:
table 1different seed soaking agent process composition and cost price thereof
T1, ck1 (clear water)
T2, CK2 Prochloraz
T3, live seed soaking agent (the multiple Sodium nitrophenolate+potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5g/kg of 50mg/kg brassinosteroid+50mg/kg Prochloraz (99%)+5g), dilute 100 times.
T4, live seed soaking agent (the multiple Sodium nitrophenolate+potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5g/kg of 50mg/kg brassinosteroid+50mg/kg Prochloraz (99%)+5g), dilute 1000 times.
T5, live seed soaking agent (the multiple Sodium nitrophenolate+potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5g/kg of 50mg/kg brassinosteroid+50mg/kg Prochloraz (99%)+5g), dilute 1500 times.
1) seed that after seed soaking, before sowing, Board Lot is got in random often process out investigates the seed number of germination, repeats for 10 times, and calculator germination rate.
2) sow the emergence rate investigated respectively after 5 days and often process unit are seed, repeat for 3 times.Emergence rate=number/Seeding Quantity × 100 of emerging.
3) species test is produced with survey.Maturing stage investigates community number of productive ear.Whole reality is cut to survey and is produced, and careful threshing, all will regain millet, removal of impurities, dry; Be separated empty flat grain and real grain by water drift method, point packed, then dry, weigh respectively, and wherein each several 1000 weigh, convert out examples explain and empty grain number respectively, finally calculate number of grain per ear, ripening rate, thousand kernel weight.
By
following table 2known, in 5 different seed soaking agent process, the dead bud rate of the seed soaking agent process of rear 3 variable concentrations of mother liquor dilution that this group is selected is all remarkable in clear water and Prochloraz process, and reach pole significant difference between major part process, illustrate that seed soaking agent formula that this group selects has the effect of highly significant to the teething improving early rice Direct-seeding Rice.What in all process, dead bud rate was minimum is T3 process, namely the mother liquor configured is diluted the process of 100 times, dead bud rate only has 8.93%, it reduces 14.5% and 8.12% respectively than the dead bud rate of clear water process and pure Prochloraz seed soaking, difference also reaches extremely remarkable, but because the concentration of seed soaking agent is higher, therefore cost too increases much.The bud ratio of T4, T5 process is all significantly higher than clear water process in pole, is also significantly higher than Prochloraz process, but not remarkable with T3 process difference, and its cost value also only has the part of T3 process.Therefore, the seed soaking agent this group can being selected to select in the middle of producing, and select T4, T5 process of low concentration, so both can save seed soaking cost, and due to the seed soaking agent formula (as Prochloraz process) of market, the bud ratio of Direct-seeding Rice seed can also be increased, suitable saving seed costs.
table 2different seed soaking agent process is on the impact of early rice germination rate
By
following table 3can find out, the seed soaking agent of different disposal is all different for the emergence rate impact of after planting seed.Wherein the seeding ratio of pure Prochloraz process is minimum, only has 89.05%, and extremely remarkable in all the other process, should not use too high concentration when may be the seed soaking of pure Prochloraz.Clear water process is at bud ratio before lower than Prochloraz process, but its emergence rate is higher than Prochloraz process, may be because the rice paddy seed of clear water process to be sprouted and growth causes partially slowly in early stage.The emergence rate of 3 variable concentrations seed soaking agents process of this group configuration dilution is all significantly higher than clear water and Prochloraz process in pole, the emergence rate that wherein mother liquor dilutes 1000 times and 1500 times is also significantly higher than mother liquor and dilutes 100 times of process in pole, this also illustrates, the concentration that mother liquor is too high, also can affect it and use.What emergence rate was the highest is mother liquor dilution 1000 process, its emergence rate distinguishes height 7.32% and 9.94% than clear water process and Prochloraz process, and reach pole significant difference, illustrate that seed soaking agent result of use that this group selects clearly, and the concentration that mother liquor dilutes 1000 times of process are also worth application further and promote.
table 3different seed soaking agent process is on the impact of early rice emergence rate
table 4can find out, different seed soaking agent process is on the output of early rice Direct-seeding Rice and yield forming impact all differences thereof.The actual production of T4 process is the highest, and is significantly higher than all the other process, but does not reach pole significant difference with T3, T5 of same seed soaking agent list variable concentrations; Clear water process and Prochloraz process and T3, T5 process are also without significant difference.Effective fringe that this group selects seed soaking agent 3 to process is all remarkable in clear water and Prochloraz process.Between different disposal, number of grain per ear difference is little, and the number of grain per ear of T4 process is significantly higher than clear water and Prochloraz process, T3 and T5 process then indifference.The performance of ripening rate is then that T5 process is the highest, and is significantly higher than T1-T3 process, ripening rate also extremely remarkable 3 concentration seed soaking agents process of selecting lower than this group of clear water process.Thousand kernel weight between each process is all without significant difference.
table 4different seed soaking agent process is on the impact of early rice Direct-seeding Rice Yield and its components
In sum, the seed soaking agent formula selected of this group for improving the germination rate of seed in the live seed soaking of double rice cropping system early rice, emergence rate all has significant effect, be worth application further and promote.Select this seed soaking agent equally but under variable concentrations, concentration is higher, its bud ratio is also higher, but the emergence rate effect that mother liquor dilutes 1000 times and 1500 times is better than dilution 100 times, illustrates that this seed soaking agent formula in use also will select its suitable concentration and proportioning.The result of comprehensive emergence rate, bud ratio and output, the seed soaking agent formula selected of this group in actual applications should with mother liquor dilute about 1000 times the most suitable, because the emergence rate under this extension rate of mother liquor and bud ratio are all significantly higher than without seed soaking agent (clear water process) and market seed soaking agent (Prochloraz process), output is also higher than all the other concentration, and cost per mu is not high yet, be applicable to very much the presoaking and germinating process of double rice cropping system early rice Direct-seeding Rice.
Current production generally takes Seed soaking, or utilizes market seed soaking agent " Prochloraz " to soak seed, this kind is bactericide, and the bud phase can not improving kind supports cryophylactic ability.This test is on the basis of pre-stage test, and the composite seed soaking reagent comprising brassinosteroid, Prochloraz (99%), multiple Sodium nitrophenolate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, increases the bud phase cold resistance of rice varieties, improve bud ratio and planting percent.
Result of the test shows, with the current Seed soaking (T1) that generally adopts and Prochloraz soak seed (T2) compare, 100 times of immersion kinds (T3), 1000 times of immersion kinds (T4) and 100 times of immersion kinds (T5) bud ratio and planting percent be all significantly higher than T1 and T2 (
table 3and
table 4), ultimate output also high 1 rank (
table 5).With regard to the effect of three kinds of formulation agents of this test, 1000 times of immersion kinds (T4) are dropped into little (1.2-1.5 unit/mu), and bud ratio and T3 and T5 do not have significant difference, and planting percent and ultimate output the highest, economic benefit is best.
table 6different seed soaking mode bud ratio, planting percent and appear output ratio comparatively
With produce the seed soaking Method compare generally adopted at present, three groups of composite modes of this test, when not increasing extra input, all can significantly improve bud ratio and the planting percent of ridged pot without plow, increase economic benefit.With regard to three groups of composite seed soaking reagent, best with mother liquor 1000 times of dilution effect of soaking seed, economic benefit is the highest, is suitable for the presoaking and germinating process of double rice cropping system early rice Direct-seeding Rice.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. promote a method for ridged pot without plow bud ratio and planting percent, it is characterized in that, utilize compositional liquor to soak seed to ridged pot without plow, coordinate the young plants management method of Direct-seeding Rice, promote bud ratio and the planting percent of ridged pot without plow; The method of this promotion ridged pot without plow bud ratio and planting percent comprises the following steps:
Step one, in advance airing ridged pot without plow seed;
Step 2, prepare composite soaking agent mother liquor; The Prochloraz of 50mg brassinosteroid, 50mg99%, the multiple Sodium nitrophenolate of 5g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5g are successively dissolved in 1kg water, and stir;
Step 3, be 1Kg seed according to soak, the ratio of 1 liter of soak soaks seed 2 days, and stirs, and makes seed soak evenly; Insulation vernalization 2-3 days after proposing;
Step 4, by the smooth live field of Direct-seeding Rice requirement, smooth in face, field, do not have to carry out drain ditch in the middle of the field surrounding of obvious ponding and large area projection and field;
Step 5, will soak with soak and urged the seed uniform broadcasting of bud in the live field put in order.
2. the method promoting ridged pot without plow bud ratio and planting percent as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described composite soaking agent mother liquor comprises 50mg/kg brassinosteroid, the Prochloraz of 50mg/kg99%, 5g multiple Sodium nitrophenolate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5g/kg, prepares 100 times, 1000 times and 1500 times of liquid.
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| CN106954513A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-07-18 | 揭阳市菁华种养专业合作社 | A kind of breeding method of Camellia nitidissima seedling |
| CN109601359A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-04-12 | 蔡学举 | Method is planted in a kind of straw rope seedling |
| CN114651555A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-06-24 | 绍兴市农业科学研究院 | Early rice seed soaking and seedling raising method capable of controlling temperature and increasing oxygen in water |
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