CN104521504A - Half-drought type rice- ercai alternate culture method - Google Patents
Half-drought type rice- ercai alternate culture method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104521504A CN104521504A CN201410805480.9A CN201410805480A CN104521504A CN 104521504 A CN104521504 A CN 104521504A CN 201410805480 A CN201410805480 A CN 201410805480A CN 104521504 A CN104521504 A CN 104521504A
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- rice
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses a half-drought type rice-ercai alternate culture method. The method specifically comprises the steps that medium-later mature rice and medium-early mature ercai are alternately planted, and wide-compartment and half-drought type water management is adopted. The superior medium-later mature indica type rice variety is adopted for the rice, and the rice is sown in the early of middle of March and harvested in later of middle of August. The superior medium-early mature variety is selected for earcai, the earcai is sown in the first ten-day period of September and harvested from the last ten days of December to February next year. According to the method, the problem of the soil barrier due to vegetable continuous cropping can be solved, the increasingly prominent grain and vegetable land contention contradiction is resolved, and supply guaranteeing and income increasing of a traditional planting industry are achieved; the paddy soil can be fertilized, and sustainable and efficient utilization of the paddy field is achieved; water and fertilizer can be efficiently coupled, and the threat of the high-temperature summer drought in the rain fed agricultural region in the upstream of Yangtze River to rice production is effectively relieved; the per unit area yield and the quality of rice and ercai can be obviously improved, and the income of the traditional planting industry can be greatly increased.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural technology field, be specifically related to a kind of semi dry paddy rice-youngster's dish rotation cropping method.
Background technology
Rice field-upland field rotation is a kind of Cropping system of paddy field degree that countries in Asia generally adopt, and is also one of main farming system of south China.The existing rice field area in Sichuan Province (containing Chongqing City) more than 330 ten thousand hectares, the rice field of throughout the year carrying out rice field-upland field rotation, at about 1,750,000 hectares, accounts for 52% and 30% of rice field area and arable area respectively.Its main planting patterns is paddy rice-wheat, paddy rice-rape, in occupation of very important status in Sichuan and Chongqing agricultural production.Along with the raising of living standards of the people and the development of Logistics Industry, the growing vegetables area of southwest expands rapidly, and vegetables have become the Important Agricultural industry ensureing living standard of urban and rural population demand and promote farmers' income growth.2012, the vegetables gross output value of Chongqing City reached 32,100,000,000 yuan, became whole city's agricultural first pillar industry, to the contribution rate of whole city's per capita net income for farmers up to 16%.
But emerging vegetables industry is while flourish, and its problems faced also highlight day by day.First, traditional vegetable continuous cropping not only competes soil with Rice Production, affects Trend Prediction of Regional Food Security, also because of serious soil continuous cropping obstacle, causes yield of vegetables to fall sharply, and quality declines.Secondly, traditional vegetable continuous cropping relies on a large amount of chemical fertilizer applications mostly, pursues the vegetables economic output of great number, result in the serious surplus of rice field nutrient and a large amount of losses of nutrient, causes the potential deterioration of farmland ecological environment particularly water resource.In addition, with the southwestern Hills that Sichuan and Chongqing are representative, be all typical rainfed farming for a long time, traditional vegetable continuous cropping makes rice field lose the ecological functions of water storing fighting drought gradually, to be difficult to resist in Yangtze upriver areas high-frequency high temperature and drought to the threat of agricultural production.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of semi dry paddy rice-youngster's dish rotation cropping method, and object is to improve rice field cropping index, increases rice field week annual earnings, and protection Ecological Environment of Paddy Field, solves the problems such as obstruction of vegetable continuous cropping.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of semi dry paddy rice-youngster's dish rotation cropping method, described method is that paddy rice and the crop rotation of youngster's dish are planted, and has planted a crop rotation crop cycle by the order of paddy rice and youngster's dish.
Described paddy rice is slow ripe quality indica in single cropping, and early and middle ten days sowing in March, mid or late August gathers in the crops.
Described youngster's dish is mid-early maturity high-quality youngster dish, and early September is sowed, and February in late December to next year gathers in the crops.
Semi dry paddy rice of the present invention-youngster's dish rotation cropping method, adopts trench digging to make railway carriage or compartment rice cultivation and youngster's dish.The specification opening railway carriage or compartment is first the wide 2.1-3.0m in railway carriage or compartment, furrow width 0.3m, ditch depth 0.3-0.4m, only need clear up mud a small amount of in ditch, face, railway carriage or compartment of filling a gap before crop-planting of per season later.
Semi dry paddy rice of the present invention-youngster's dish rotation cropping method, adopts straw-returning, carries out soil few no-tillage.When paddy machinery gathers in, the straw half amount also field of directly will pulverize, remaining straw is used for covering and heat insulating when youngster colza is planted.Before paddy rice and youngster colza are planted, it is few no-tillage that employing Light-weight rotary cultivator carries out upper soll layer.
Semi dry paddy rice of the present invention-youngster's dish rotation cropping method, adopts paddy rice, the close fertile optimum organization of youngster's dish high yield.Paddy rice 4-5 leaf age is transplanted, and planting specification is 33cm × 27cm, 2, every cave paddy seedling; Purity nitrogen consumption is 7-8kg/667m
2, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element ratio are 2:1:1.2; Nitrogen application mode is base fetilizer for tillering: ear manuer=6:4, base manure: tillering fertilizer=7:3, and phosphate fertilizer entirely makees base manure and applies, and potash fertilizer makes base manure and ear manuer each 50%.Youngster's dish is in field planting in tri-leaf period, and planting specification is 60cm × 50cm, every cave 1 seedling, and base manure is based on fertilizer, and consumption is matured compost 1000kg/667m
2; After the field planting of youngster's dish survives, impose 1 clear liquid dung; After field planting about 35 days, impose urea 3kg/667m
2, superphosphate 20kg/667m
2with potassium sulfate 20kg/667m
2; After field planting about 60 days, impose become thoroughly decomposed people and animals' liquid dung or natural pond liquid 2000kg/667m
2with urea 5kg/667m
2.
Semi dry paddy rice of the present invention-youngster's dish rotation cropping method, adopts paddy rice, youngster's dish semi dry water supply-demand equilibrium.Utilize railway carriage or compartment ditch water storing fighting drought, and need timely row irrigation according to plant growth.Rice growing season, keeps face, railway carriage or compartment to have shoaling layer tillering stage, promotes to tiller to occur and growth; Critical period of effective tiller draining dry field, controls ineffective tillering, improves the percentage of earbearing tiller; Heading flowering period, keeps face, railway carriage or compartment to have shoaling layer, alleviates the harm of high temperature dry season; During Grain-filling keeps face, railway carriage or compartment moistening, supports the short grouting of Gen Baoye.Youngster's dish Growing season, utilizes the certain moisture of railway carriage or compartment ditch accumulation, and maintenance face, railway carriage or compartment is moistening can be met needed for the growth of youngster's dish.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: 1) by the rice field-upland field rotation mode of single cropping quality indica and mid-early maturity high-quality youngster dish, solve the problem of vegetable continuous cropping soil swelling-shrinkage, has cracked the grain dish day by day highlighted and has striven ground contradiction, achieves the guarantor of traditional planting for increasing income; 2) by protective farming technique measure, make rice straw also field, paddy soil of having fostered and apply fertilizer, achieve the sustainable efficiency utilization in rice field; 3) by semi dry water supply-demand equilibrium, not only achieve liquid manure efficient coupling, also effectively alleviate the high temperature dry season of Upper Yangtze River rain-fed agriculture region to the threat of Rice Production; 4) by application paddy rice, youngster's dish new quality variety, expand the strong quantitative culture technique of strain of row and fertilizer nutrient anniversary management of balance, improve paddy rice, the per unit area yield of youngster's dish and quality significantly.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described further, the following stated, only to preferred embodiment of the present invention, not do other forms of restriction to the present invention, any those skilled in the art may utilize the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement to be changed to the Equivalent embodiments of equal change.Everyly do not depart from the present invention program's content, according to technical spirit of the present invention to any simple modification made for any of the above embodiments or equivalent variations, all drop in protection scope of the present invention.
A kind of semi dry paddy rice-youngster's dish rotation cropping method, comprises the following steps:
1) trench digging is adopted to do railway carriage or compartment plantation.The specification opening railway carriage or compartment is first the wide 2.1-3.0m in railway carriage or compartment, furrow width 0.3m, ditch depth 0.3-0.4m, only need clear up mud a small amount of in ditch, face, railway carriage or compartment of filling a gap before crop-planting of per season later.
2) rice varieties can be selected state to examine Fine Quality Rice Variety ' Chongqing fragrant 203 ', ' to change excellent 7109 ', and youngster's vegetable kind can select mid-early maturity landrace ' early rich No. 1 ', ' near a river youngster's dish ' and ' fourth man poplar dish '.
3) paddy rice is in early and middle ten days sowing in March, and seedling raising method can with water-raised seedling or dry rice seedling.Before rice transplanting, it is few no-tillage that employing Light-weight rotary cultivator carries out upper soll layer.Transplant to land for growing field crops during rice shoot 4-5 leaf age, planting specification is 33cm × 27cm, 2, every cave paddy seedling; Purity nitrogen consumption is 7-8kg/667m
2, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element ratio are 2:1:1.2; Nitrogen application mode is base fetilizer for tillering: ear manuer=6:4, base manure: tillering fertilizer=7:3, and phosphate fertilizer entirely makees base manure and applies, and potash fertilizer makes base manure and ear manuer each 50%.
4) rice plant of tillering stage, keeps face, railway carriage or compartment to have shoaling layer, and promoting to tiller occurs and growth; Critical period of effective tiller draining dry field, controls ineffective tillering, improves the percentage of earbearing tiller; Heading flowering period, keeps face, railway carriage or compartment to have shoaling layer, alleviates the harm of high temperature dry season; During Grain-filling keeps face, railway carriage or compartment moistening, supports the short grouting of Gen Baoye.
5) paddy rice adopts grain header results in mid or late August, and receive the straw half amount also field of directly will pulverize in conjunction with machine, remaining straw is used for covering and heat insulating when youngster colza is planted.
6) youngster's dish was sowed in early September, and seedling raising manners is rice seedling on upland field.Before youngster colza is planted, it is few no-tillage that employing Light-weight rotary cultivator carries out upper soll layer.
7) youngster's dish is in field planting in tri-leaf period, and planting specification is 60cm × 50cm, and every cave 1 seedling, base manure is based on fertilizer, and consumption is matured compost 1000kg/667m
2; After the field planting of youngster's dish survives, impose 1 clear liquid dung; After field planting about 35 days, impose urea 3kg/667m
2, superphosphate 20kg/667m
2with potassium sulfate 20kg/667m
2; After field planting about 60 days, impose become thoroughly decomposed people and animals' liquid dung or natural pond liquid 2000kg/667m
2with urea 5kg/667m
2.
8) youngster's dish growing period, utilizes the certain moisture of railway carriage or compartment ditch accumulation, and maintenance face, railway carriage or compartment is moistening can be met needed for the growth of youngster's dish.
9) youngster's dish was gathered in the crops February in late December to next year.
Semi dry paddy rice of the present invention-youngster's dish rotation cropping method, can promote paddy rice, the per unit area yield of youngster's dish and quality significantly, realize significantly increasing income of traditional planting.In recent years, adopt the method to instruct Chongqing City paddy rice-youngster's dish large-scale demonstration all obtains highly efficient and productive in same place, receive the consistent welcome of various circles of society and mass peasants.2010, through Sichuan, two places, Chongqing expert combined to survey and produces, and the semi dry rice dish wheel being positioned at Ding Jia town, Bishan County, Chongqing City presents a demonstration sheet paddy rice (kind for ' change excellent 600 ') average yield 685.6kg/667m
2, youngster's dish (kind is ' early rich No. 1 ') average yield 3234kg/667m
2; Promote sheet paddy rice average yield 612.5kg/667m
2, youngster's dish average yield 2679kg/667m
2.2012, through Sichuan, two places, Chongqing expert combined for the 2nd time to survey and produces, and the semi dry rice dish wheel being positioned at Ding Jia town, Bishan County, Chongqing City presents a demonstration sheet paddy rice (kind for ' change excellent 7109 ') average yield 788.4kg/667m
2, high yield field rice yield reaches 814.2kg/667m
2, every mu is reduced rice production costs 5%-10%.2013, through Sichuan, two places, Chongqing expert combined for the 3rd time to survey and produces, and the semi dry rice dish wheel being positioned at Ding Jia street, Bishan County, Chongqing City presents a demonstration sheet paddy rice (kind for ' change excellent 7109 ') average yield 756.9kg/667m
2, high yield field rice yield reaches 782.7kg/667m
2.2014, through Sichuan, two places, Chongqing expert's the 4th combined to survey and produces, and the semi dry rice dish wheel being positioned at Ding Jia street, Bishan County, Chongqing City presents a demonstration sheet paddy rice (kind for ' Chongqing fragrant 203 ') average yield 715.8kg/667m
2, high yield field rice yield reaches 769.3kg/667m
2.
Claims (9)
1. semi dry paddy rice-youngster's dish rotation cropping method, is characterized in that: described method is that paddy rice and youngster's dish are alternately planted, and has planted a crop rotation crop cycle by the order of paddy rice and youngster's dish.
2. rotation cropping method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described paddy rice is slow ripe quality indica in single cropping, and early and middle ten days sowing in March, mid or late August gathers in the crops.
3. rotation cropping method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described youngster's dish is mid-early maturity high-quality youngster dish, and early September is sowed, and February in late December to next year gathers in the crops.
4. rotation cropping method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: make railway carriage or compartment rice cultivation and youngster's dish with trench digging, the specification opening railway carriage or compartment is first the wide 2.1-3.0m in railway carriage or compartment, furrow width 0.3m, ditch depth 0.3-0.4m, clears up mud in ditch, face, railway carriage or compartment of filling a gap before crop-planting of per season later.
5. rotation cropping method according to claim 2, is characterized in that: paddy rice 4-5 Leaf-Age-Period is transplanted, and planting specification is 33cm × 27cm, 2, every cave paddy seedling.
6. rotation cropping method according to claim 2, is characterized in that: also comprise and use azophoska, purity nitrogen consumption is 7-8kg/667m
2, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium element ratio are 2:1:1.2.
7. rotation cropping method according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described nitrogen application mode is base fetilizer for tillering: ear manuer=6:4, base manure: tillering fertilizer=7:3, and described phosphate fertilizer entirely makees base manure and applies, and described potash fertilizer makes base manure and ear manuer each 50%.
8. rotation cropping method according to claim 3, is characterized in that: youngster's dish is in field planting in tri-leaf period, and planting specification is 60cm × 50cm, every cave 1 seedling.
9. rotation cropping method according to claim 3, is characterized in that: also comprise base manure based on fertilizer, consumption is matured compost 1000kg/667m
2; After the field planting of youngster's dish survives, impose 1 clear liquid dung; After field planting 35 days, impose urea 3kg/667m
2, superphosphate 20kg/667m
2with potassium sulfate 20kg/667m
2; After field planting 60 days, impose become thoroughly decomposed people and animals' liquid dung or natural pond liquid 2000kg/667m
2with urea 5kg/667m
2.
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| CN201410805480.9A CN104521504A (en) | 2014-12-22 | 2014-12-22 | Half-drought type rice- ercai alternate culture method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105580630A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-05-18 | 李和平 | Rape-grape double-cropping planting method in northern part of Shaanxi Province |
| CN106171703A (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2016-12-07 | 重庆市农业科学院 | A kind of young Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens and the cultural method of live late rice semi dry crop rotation |
| CN107056505A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-08-18 | 江苏省农业科学院 | One plant vegetables rice crop rotation farmland nutrient emission reduction and maintain stable crop yield method |
| CN111837556A (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2020-10-30 | 重庆市农业科学院 | Fertilizing method for rice and vegetable crop rotation planting mode |
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| CN103828570A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-06-04 | 中国热带农业科学院热带作物品种资源研究所 | Baby cabbage and Italian ryegrass intercropping method |
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| CN103858638A (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2014-06-18 | 南京市种子管理站 | Rice-pakchoi crop rotation method in middle and lower reaches of Yangtze river |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105580630A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-05-18 | 李和平 | Rape-grape double-cropping planting method in northern part of Shaanxi Province |
| CN106171703A (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2016-12-07 | 重庆市农业科学院 | A kind of young Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens and the cultural method of live late rice semi dry crop rotation |
| CN107056505A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-08-18 | 江苏省农业科学院 | One plant vegetables rice crop rotation farmland nutrient emission reduction and maintain stable crop yield method |
| CN111837556A (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2020-10-30 | 重庆市农业科学院 | Fertilizing method for rice and vegetable crop rotation planting mode |
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Application publication date: 20150422 |