CN105432391B - A kind of method for promoting ridged pot without plow bud ratio and planting percent - Google Patents
A kind of method for promoting ridged pot without plow bud ratio and planting percent Download PDFInfo
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- CN105432391B CN105432391B CN201511017228.2A CN201511017228A CN105432391B CN 105432391 B CN105432391 B CN 105432391B CN 201511017228 A CN201511017228 A CN 201511017228A CN 105432391 B CN105432391 B CN 105432391B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods for promoting ridged pot without plow bud ratio and planting percent, are soaked seed using compositional liquor to ridged pot without plow, coordinate the young plants management method of Direct-seeding Rice, promote the bud ratio and planting percent of ridged pot without plow；Ridged pot without plow seed is dried in advance；Prepare compounding soaking agent mother liquor；It is 1Kg seeds according to soak, the ratio of 1 liter of soak impregnates seed 2 days, and stirs, and impregnates seed uniform；Vernalization 23 days are kept the temperature after proposition；By the smooth live streaming field of Direct-seeding Rice requirement, gutter is carried out, it is desirable that field face is smooth, without apparent ponding and large area protrusion；By the seed uniform broadcasting for having urged bud in the live streaming field put in order.The present invention is unnecessary to increase additional artificial input；Coordinate common live streaming young plants management method, improve ridged pot without plow bud ratio and planting percent.Enhance the cold resistance of Bud Bursting Period in Rice, significantly improve the bud ratio and planting percent of direct seading rice；Less investment, detraction is with obvious effects, can improve economic benefit per acre.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to rice cultivating technique field more particularly to a kind of sides for promoting ridged pot without plow bud ratio and planting percent
Method.
Background technology
Low temperature is a big limiting factor of paddy growth, be influence rice yield a significant problem, China it is annual because
The paddy of low temperature cold damage loss is up to 30~5,000,000,000 kg.Chilling injury reaction can occur during the entire growth and development of rice.Wherein
The chilling injury of sprouting stage is easier to be happened at live streaming field and rice seedling bed, if sprouting stage is not cold-resistant, will cause the reduction of rice planting percent
With seedling rot phenomenon, so as to influence the foundation of Rice Photosynthesis group, cause the reduction of rice yield.
It is very fast to refer to that the early spring (at the beginning of referring generally to for 23 months the end of month) temperature gos up for cold spell in later spring, and later stage in spring (referring generally to April)
The temperature weather phenomenon relatively low compared with normal year.Cold spell in later spring is the main disaster weather events of south early rice sowing seedling phase, is to make
The main reason for into rotten kind of seedling rot of early rice.So not only lose a large amount of seeds, but also because reseeding delay sowing season, make early rice into
Ripe phase delay, influences late rice and plants, make late rice heading flowering period easily by chilling damage.In nearly more than 30 years, with 1951,1969,
1970th, the synoptic climate condition of 1976 is worst, causes serious seedling rot, and general seedling rot rate is more than 30%, and some is up to 50%.Such as
1970 are only rotten kind of Guangxi province just up to 100,000,000 jin or more；1976, only Hunan, Jiangxi, Hubei San Sheng just lost seed-grain up to 700,000,000
Jin.
" cold spell in later spring " is that middle and lower reach of Yangtze River double rice cropping system early rice produces common Catastrophe climate.In recent years, due to cities and towns
The problem of changing construction and migrant worker increases, and agricultural production faces labor shortage and the promotion of unit interval recruitment expense,
In the direct-seeding that South China Double Cropping rice region, early rice production generally take recruitment few, early direct sowing of rice is carried out using conventional rice.Water
Direct sowing of rice has the advantages that following：1), saving of labor, laborsaving, labor productivity height：Generally per acre can be saving of labor 1-2, work production
Rate improves 30% or so.2) raise the multiple-cropping index：Rice seedling bed is not required in Direct-seeding Rice, is conducive to expand sown area, and improves multiple cropping and refers to
Number.3) cost-saving synergistic：Due to saving of labor, province rice seedling bed, and reduce fertilizers input etc., escapable cost 30-40 member mus, benefit increases
50-100 members are per acre.4) convenient for mechanization, large-scale planting：From site preparation, sow, eliminate until harvest is, it can be achieved that whole machine
Tool is turned into industry, alleviates labor intensity, the seasonal contradiction of labour is alleviated, convenient for the scale of Rice Production.5) avoid
The host " small brown rice planthopper " for propagating stripe disease concentrates rice seedling bed harmful characteristics.6) increase production：General volume increase 10%-
15%.
However, the sprouting stage cold resistance of rice varieties is generally weaker, yield height is lacked in existing kind, cold resistance is good, thing
The conventional early-paddy brown rice of preferably local ripe phase.Ridged pot without plow is highly susceptible to the shadow of " cold spell in later spring " that double rice cropping system takes place frequently in seeding stage
It rings and seedling rot is caused to be short of seedling, finally cause Rice Production Basic Seedling insufficient and the underproduction, seriously affect national food security.Therefore,
The cold resistance of ridged pot without plow is improved, early rice production underproduction due to the influence of experience " cold spell in later spring " is avoided to become current double rice cropping system early
Rice production needs the key subjects solved.
This is usually solved the problems, such as there are two types of method, 1, by breeding methods, the cold-resistant early-paddy brown rice of selection and breeding sprouting stage, this
Method it is most direct and it is most economical effectively but need to undergo more than several years breeding, and it is strong currently to have no suitable cold resistance
Early rice conventional variety；2nd, the cold resistance of kind is improved by measures such as cultivations, but additional auxiliary cultural method is often adjoint
The input of bigger, influences peasant's farming income.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of methods for promoting ridged pot without plow bud ratio and planting percent, it is intended to solve early rice
In live streaming sprouting stage meet with " cold spell in later spring " cause seedling rot, be short of seedling and the problem of the underproduction.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of method for promoting ridged pot without plow bud ratio and planting percent, utilizes compositional liquor pair
Ridged pot without plow is soaked seed, and coordinates the young plants management method of Direct-seeding Rice, promotes the bud ratio and planting percent of ridged pot without plow；The promotion is broadcast live
The method of early rice bud ratio and planting percent comprises the following steps：
Step 1: ridged pot without plow seed is dried in advance；
Step 2: prepare compounding soaking agent mother liquor；50mg brassinosteroids, the Prochloraz of 50mg 99%, 5g are answered into nitro
Phenol sodium, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5g are successively dissolved in 1kg water, and are stirred evenly；
Step 3: it is 1Kg seeds according to soak, the ratio of 1 liter of soak impregnates seed 2 days, and stirs, and soaks seed
Bubble is uniform；Vernalization 2-3 days are kept the temperature after proposition；
It is smooth in field face Step 4: by the smooth live streaming field of Direct-seeding Rice requirement, without apparent ponding and large area protrusion
Gutter is carried out among field surrounding and field；
Step 5: it will be impregnated with soak and urged the seed uniform broadcasting of bud in the live streaming field put in order.
The present invention also takes following technical measures：
The compounding soaking agent mother liquor includes 50mg/kg brassinosteroids, the Prochloraz of 50mg/kg99%, 5g and answers nitre
Base phenol sodium, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5g/kg prepare 100 times, 1000 times and 1500 times liquid.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that：The operation letter of the method for the promotion ridged pot without plow bud ratio and planting percent
It is single, it is not necessary to increase additional artificial input；Coordinate it is common live streaming young plants management method, improve ridged pot without plow bud ratio and into
Seedling rate.Enhance the cold resistance of Bud Bursting Period in Rice, significantly improve the bud ratio and planting percent of direct seading rice；Less investment, detraction effect are bright
It is aobvious, economic benefit per acre can be improved.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram of promotion ridged pot without plow bud ratio and planting percent provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
The application principle of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Such as Fig. 1：It is soaked seed using compositional liquor to ridged pot without plow, coordinates the young plants management method of Direct-seeding Rice, promote ridged pot without plow
Bud ratio and planting percent；The method of the promotion ridged pot without plow bud ratio and planting percent comprises the following steps：
S101, ridged pot without plow seed is dried in advance；
S102, compounding soaking agent mother liquor is prepared；50mg brassinosteroids, the Prochloraz of 50mg 99%, 5g are answered into nitrophenols
Sodium, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5g are successively dissolved in 1kg water, and are stirred evenly；
S103, it is 1Kg seeds according to soak, the ratio of 1 liter of soak impregnates seed 2 days, and stirs, and soaks seed
Bubble is uniform；Vernalization 2-3 days are kept the temperature after proposition；
S104, by the smooth live streaming field of Direct-seeding Rice requirement, carry out gutter, it is desirable that field face is smooth, without apparent ponding and
Large area protrusion；
S105, it will be impregnated with soak and urged the seed uniform broadcasting of bud in the live streaming field put in order.
The compounding soaking agent mother liquor includes 50mg/kg brassinosteroids, the Prochloraz of 50mg/kg99%, 5g and answers nitre
Base phenol sodium, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5g/kg prepare 100 times, 1000 times and 1500 times liquid.
In order to reduce influence of " cold spell in later spring " calamitous climate to ridged pot without plow rice shoot, early rice production moderate resistance hazard weather is improved
Ability, this experiment are intended carrying out ridged pot without plow by one group of compounding agent presoaking and germinating live streaming experiment, study such compounding agent to increasing
Strong Bud Bursting Period in Rice cold resistance improves the influence and what life of the group compounding agent to ridged pot without plow of the bud ratio and planting percent of ridged pot without plow
It produces most economical effective.For this seed soaking agent from now on use and popularization provides reference, the low temperature Control Technology of horn of plenty Direct-seeding Rice and
Seed soaking agent research and development provide data and theoretical foundation, are also widely applied for direct sowing of rice cultivation and provide technical support.
With rice early rice conventional Rice, exemplified by Jiangxi Province's early rice Direct-seeding Rice first choice kind gold early 17, according to local peasant household's kind
It plants custom and sows 6kg/ mus per acre.
Test area is 2 mu, the sowing time：March 24 soaked seed, sowing on March 28.
According to locality apply fertilizer habits fertilization, wherein base manure apply composite fertilizer 20kg/ mus (be 15% containing N, P2O5, K2O, under
Together)；Tillering fertilizer applies composite fertilizer 10kg/ mus, 6kg/ mus of urea；Ear manuer applies composite fertilizer 15kg/ mus；Granulated fertilizer applies 5kg/ mus of urea；On
State that fertilising is total to apply N11.81kg/ mus per acre, P2O56.75kg/ mus, 6.75kg/ mus of K2O.
Rice field difference of height must not exceed 3cm, and field surrounding is carried out gutter, communicated between gutter so that Tanaka
It carries out gutter and ensures that field drainage is smooth, field face not ponding.Water is emptied after mud is implemented.Field is neat, not ponding, respectively
Cell will have gutter, and prevention rainwater is saturated with field face, drift kind.Random district's groups arrangement, plot area 35m2 are repeated 3 times.During seed soaking
It it is required that splitting fills, marks, when autogamy Medicament soaked seed 48 is small, interval is soaked seed, and other medicaments are operated by shop instruction.It broadcasts
Anti-bird net is spread after kind, prevents bird pest.After seedling grows tall, net is removed.It is operated by Direct-seeding Rice routine high yield management method.
Sodium nitrophenolate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5g/ are answered according to 50mg/kg brassinosteroids, the Prochloraz of 50mg/kg 99%, 5g
Seed soaking agent mother liquor is allotted in the requirement of kg, further according to each market price of drug in formula, compounds out 100 times, 1000 times of preparation
And the seed soaking agent of the namely different unit prices of 3 various concentrations of 1500 times of liquid, in addition clear water and Prochloraz seed soaking are set,
The seed of the seed soaking agent immersion identical weight of preceding same volume is broadcast live in early rice seed, it is ensured that soaks seed the identical time, then adjusts
It is sowed respectively after having looked into data.5 processing are respectively：
The different seed soaking agent processes compositions of table 1 and its cost price
T1, ck1 (clear water)
T2, CK2 Prochloraz
T3, (50mg/kg brassinosteroid+50mg/kg Prochlorazs (99%)+5g answers Sodium nitrophenolate+phosphorus to live streaming seed soaking agent
Acid dihydride potassium 5g/kg), dilute 100 times.
T4, (50mg/kg brassinosteroid+50mg/kg Prochlorazs (99%)+5g answers Sodium nitrophenolate+phosphoric acid to live streaming seed soaking agent
Potassium dihydrogen 5g/kg), dilute 1000 times.
T5, (50mg/kg brassinosteroid+50mg/kg Prochlorazs (99%)+5g answers Sodium nitrophenolate+phosphoric acid to live streaming seed soaking agent
Potassium dihydrogen 5g/kg), dilute 1500 times.
1) random often processing takes the seed of Board Lot to come out the seed number for investigating germination, 10 weights before being sowed after soaking seed
It is multiple, and calculator germination percentage.
2) emergence rate for often handling unit area seed, 3 repetitions are investigated after sowing 5 days respectively.Emergence rate=emergence grain
Number/Seeding Quantity × 100.
3) species test is produced with surveying.Maturity period investigates cell number of productive ear.All real to cut survey production, careful threshing will all be withdrawn
Millet, removal of impurities, dries；Empty empty grain and real grain, splitting dress are separated with water drift method, then is dried, is weighed respectively, and each number wherein
1000 are weighed, and are converted into bear fruit grains and empty grain number respectively, are finally calculated number of grain per ear, setting percentage, mass of 1000 kernel.
From the following table 2, in 5 different seed soaking agent processing, the leaching of 3 various concentrations after the mother liquor dilution that this group is selected
The dead bud rate of kind of agent processing is substantially less than clear water and Prochloraz processing, and has reached pole significant difference between most of processing,
Illustrating the seed soaking agent prescription of this group selection has the teething for improving early rice Direct-seeding Rice the effect of highly significant.Dead bud in all processing
Rate it is minimum be T3 processing, that is, the mother liquor configured is diluted into 100 times of processing, dead bud rate only has 8.93%, than clear
Water process and the dead bud rate of pure Prochloraz seed soaking reduce 14.5% and 8.12% respectively, and difference also reaches extremely significantly, but
Since the concentration of seed soaking agent is higher, cost also increases much.The bud ratio pole of T4, T5 processing is significantly higher than at clear water
Reason is also significantly greater than Prochloraz processing, but not notable with T3 processing differences, and its cost value also only has a few minutes of T3 processing
One of.Therefore, the seed soaking agent that this group is selected, and T4, T5 processing of selection low concentration can be selected among production, it so both can be with
Seed soaking cost is saved, and due to the seed soaking agent prescription (such as Prochloraz processing) of market, the budding of live streaming rice can also be increased
Rate, appropriate saving seed costs.
The different seed soaking agents of table 2 handle the influence to early rice germination percentage
The seed soaking agent of different disposal influences different for the emergence rate of after planting seed it can be seen from the following table 3.Wherein
The seeding ratio of pure Prochloraz processing is minimum, and only 89.05%, and pole is substantially less than remaining processing, it may be possible to pure Prochloraz
Excessively high concentration should not be used during seed soaking.Clear water processing is handled in bud ratio before less than Prochloraz, but its emergence rate is high
In Prochloraz processing, it may be possible to be sprouted because of the rice paddy seed of clear water processing in early period and growth is partially slow caused.This group configures
The emergence rate pole of diluted 3 various concentration seed soaking agents processing is significantly higher than clear water and Prochloraz processing, and wherein mother liquor dilutes
Also pole is significantly higher than 100 times of processing of mother liquor dilution to 1000 times and 1500 times of emergence rate, this also illustrates, the excessively high concentration of mother liquor,
Also its use can be influenced.Highest emergence rate is 1000 processing of mother liquor dilution, and emergence rate is handled than clear water processing and Prochloraz
Distinguish height 7.32% and 9.94%, and reach pole significant difference, illustrate that the seed soaking agent using effect that this group is selected is very bright
It is aobvious, and mother liquor dilutes 1000 times of concentration handled and is also worth further applying and promoting.
The different seed soaking agents of table 3 handle the influence to early rice emergence rate
Table 4 can be seen that different seed soaking agent processing influence the yield and its yield forming of early rice Direct-seeding Rice different.At T4
The actual production highest of reason, and be significantly higher than remaining processing, but with T3, T5 of similary seed soaking agent list various concentration and not up to pole
Significant difference；Clear water processing and Prochloraz processing are handled with T3, T5 also without significant difference.This group selects 3 processing of seed soaking agent
Effective fringe is substantially less than clear water and Prochloraz processing.Number of grain per ear difference is little between different disposal, the number of grain per ear of T4 processing
It is significantly higher than clear water and Prochloraz processing, T3 and T5 handle then indifference.The performance of setting percentage is then T5 processing highests, and aobvious
It writes higher than T1-T3 processing, also pole is substantially less than 3 concentration seed soaking agents processing that this group is selected to the setting percentage of clear water processing.Everywhere
Mass of 1000 kernel between reason is without significant difference.
The different seed soaking agents of table 4 handle the influence to early rice Direct-seeding Rice Yield and its components
In conclusion the seed soaking agent prescription that this group is selected improves the hair of seed in soaking seed for the live streaming of double rice cropping system early rice
Bud rate, emergence rate have significant effect, are worth further applying and promoting.Equally select this seed soaking agent but in various concentration
Under, concentration is higher, and bud ratio is also higher, but the emergence rate effect of 1000 times and 1500 times of mother liquor dilution is better than dilution 100
Times, illustrate that this seed soaking agent prescription will also select its suitable concentration and proportioning in use.Comprehensive emergence rate, bud ratio and yield
As a result, this group select seed soaking agent prescription in practical applications should with mother liquor dilute 1000 times or so it is most appropriate because
Emergence rate and bud ratio under the mother liquor extension rate are all remarkably higher than no seed soaking agent (clear water processing) and market seed soaking agent, and (miaow is fresh
Amine processing), yield is also higher than remaining concentration, and cost per mu is not also high, is very suitable for the leaching of double rice cropping system early rice Direct-seeding Rice
Kind vernalization processing.
Seed soaking is generally taken in production or soaked seed using market seed soaking agent " Prochloraz " at present, the kind
It is fungicide, the sprouting stage that can not improve kind resists the ability of low temperature.This experiment has compounded bag on the basis of pre-stage test
The seed soaking reagent of brassinosteroid, Prochloraz (99%), multiple Sodium nitrophenolate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate is included, to increase the bud of rice varieties
Phase cold resistance improves bud ratio and planting percent.
Result of the test is shown, compared with Seed soaking (T1) and the Prochloraz seed soaking (T2) currently generally used, 100 times of liquid
Seed soaking (T3), 1000 times of liquid seed soaking (T4) and 100 times of liquid seed soaking (T5) are all significantly higher than T1 and T2 (tables in bud ratio and planting percent
3 and table 4), ultimate output also high 1 rank (table 5).For the effect of three kinds of formulation agents of this experiment, 1000 times of liquid leachings
Kind (T4) puts into small (1.2-1.5 members/mu), and bud ratio is not significantly different with T3 and T5, and planting percent and ultimate output highest,
Economic benefit is best.
It the different seed soaking mode bud ratios of table 6, planting percent and appears output and compares
Compared with the seed soaking mode generally used in production at present, three groups of compounding modes of this experiment are not increasing additional throwing
In the case of entering, the bud ratio and planting percent of ridged pot without plow can be significantly improved, increases economic benefit.Three groups of compoundings are soaked seed
Best with 1000 times of dilution effect of soaking seed of mother liquor for reagent, economic benefit highest is suitable for double rice cropping system morning direct sowing of rice
The presoaking and germinating processing of rice.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
All any modification, equivalent and improvement made within refreshing and principle etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
- A kind of 1. method for promoting ridged pot without plow bud ratio and planting percent, which is characterized in that soaked using compositional liquor to ridged pot without plow Kind coordinates the young plants management method of Direct-seeding Rice, promotes the bud ratio and planting percent of ridged pot without plow；The promotion ridged pot without plow bud ratio Comprise the following steps with the method for planting percent：Step 1: ridged pot without plow seed is dried in advance；Step 2: prepare compounding soaking agent mother liquor；By 50mg brassinosteroids, the Prochloraz of 50mg99%, 5g answer Sodium nitrophenolate, Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5g is successively dissolved in 1kg water, and is stirred；Step 3: it is 1Kg seeds according to soak, the ratio of 1 liter of soak impregnates seed 2 days, and stirs, and impregnates seed equal It is even；Vernalization 2-3 days are kept the temperature after proposition；Step 4: by the smooth live streaming field of Direct-seeding Rice requirement, it is smooth in field face, without apparent ponding and the field of large area protrusion Gutter is carried out among surrounding and field；Step 5: it will be impregnated with soak and urged the seed uniform broadcasting of bud in the live streaming field put in order；The compounding soaking agent mother liquor includes 50mg/kg brassinosteroids, the Prochloraz of 50mg/kg99%, 5g and answers nitrophenols Sodium, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5g/kg prepare 100 times, 1000 times and 1500 times liquid.
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| CN106954513A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-07-18 | 揭阳市菁华种养专业合作社 | A kind of breeding method of Camellia nitidissima seedling |
| CN109601359A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-04-12 | 蔡学举 | Method is planted in a kind of straw rope seedling |
| CN114651555A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-06-24 | 绍兴市农业科学研究院 | Early rice seed soaking and seedling raising method capable of controlling temperature and increasing oxygen in water |
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| 5种抗寒剂对早稻湘早籼25 号幼苗的耐寒生理鉴定及其利用;戴玉池等;《湖南师范大学自然科学学报》;20000930(第3期);第88-94页 * |
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