CN105248331A - Efficient cultivation method for giant freshwater prawns - Google Patents
Efficient cultivation method for giant freshwater prawns Download PDFInfo
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- CN105248331A CN105248331A CN201510738171.9A CN201510738171A CN105248331A CN 105248331 A CN105248331 A CN 105248331A CN 201510738171 A CN201510738171 A CN 201510738171A CN 105248331 A CN105248331 A CN 105248331A
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Abstract
The invention provides an efficient cultivation method for giant freshwater prawns. The method is characterized by comprising the steps of prawn pond cleaning, prawn pond fertilization, plant cultivation, prawn pond water virus killing, young prawn throwing-in and feeding, prawn pond management and prawning; prawn pond surface maintenance and water qualify purification adopt manual work for the salvage and clearing of floating trash and debris on the prawn pond surface and splashing of a mixture composed of medical stones and carbon for the water quality purification, so that a living environment of the prawns is enabled to be clean and sanitary. The efficient cultivation method has the beneficial effects of simple operation, high prawn survival rate guarantee, stable quality, low germ infection probability, rapid growth, low cultivation cost and great economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of aquaculture, specifically, is a kind of method of efficient cultivation Macrobrachium rosenbergii.
Background technology
Macrobrachium rosenbergii, have another name called Malaysian prawn, the long-armed prawn of fresh water, it is a kind of large-scale fresh water shrimp, originate in Southeast Asia, it has, and growth is fast, feeding habits wide, meat nutrition is good, and the advantage such as the culture-cycle is short, since 1960's starts to propagate Macrobrachium rosenbergii artificially, rapidly, it is commonplace that existing country in Southeast Asia and some other area cultivate this shrimp in development.The thin body of Macrobrachium rosenbergii shell is fertile, Fresh & Tender in Texture, and delicious flavour is nutritious, except being rich in the local flavor of general Freshwater shrimps, being filled with gonad, having the taste of the special deliciousness being similar to crab oil in ripe Macrobrachium rosenbergii carapace.Every hectogram shrimp shrimp containing 20.6 grams, protein, 0.7 gram, fat, and containing multivitamin and the necessary trace element of human body, be high-protein nutrient aquatic products.Eat raw to cook and stew prawn in soy sauce, decoct white shrimp, slip shrimp section, Chinese lute prawn, Saute shrimp with peas etc., processing can be made into the dried marine products such as dried shrimps, dried shrimp.At present, because traditional Macrobrachium rosenbergii cultural technique falls behind, cause the culture-cycle long, cost is high, and a shrimp growth rate is slow, and survival rate is low, or even there will be disease shrimp, dead shrimp phenomenon, the enthusiasm of serious blow peasant household, so in the urgent need to a kind of raising method that efficiently can cultivate Macrobrachium rosenbergii.
Summary of the invention
Instant invention overcomes shortcoming of the prior art, provide a kind of method of efficient cultivation Macrobrachium rosenbergii, the method is simple to operate, ensure that shrimp survival rate is high, steady quality, bacteria infection probability are low, it is fast to grow up, and aquaculture cost is low, economic benefit is large.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A method for efficient cultivation Macrobrachium rosenbergii, comprises the following steps:
(1) the shrimp pool arranges: select specification to be 180 ~ 200m
2, the degree of depth is that multiple Tu Chi of 1.8 ~ 2m are as the shrimp pool, first the water in native pond is drained, the foreign material such as bulk stone, deadwood, plastic sack, house refuse in the shrimp pool are walked clearly, Exposure to Sunlight is after 7 ~ 10 days, spray with the anti-virus solution prawn pool mixed together by 1:001:30 by pulverized limestone, 84 thimerosals and water, spraying consumption is " 100 ~ 120ml/m
2", sprayed the 3rd day, in the shrimp pool, injected water, water filling height 30 ~ 40cm, after 10 ~ 15 hours, drained by water, refill water, water injection rate is 20 ~ 30cm, after 5 ~ 8 hours, is drained by water; Enclose surrounding at shrimp pool base and Mosquito killer lamp and sunlamp are set;
(2) shrimp pool fertilising, planting: apply fertilizer with splashing in face, the fertilizer prawn pool, described fertilizer refers to that sealing and fermenting forms for 7 ~ 11 days by chicken manure, sheep excrement, pig manure, soya-bean milk slag, ash, cinder, eggshell, melon skin, high bamboo shoot head, gumbo, vinegar, people's urine, rice washing water by after the mass ratio mixing of 20:15:30:6:5:8:2:7:3:3:0.5:10:12; After fertilising 3rd ~ 5 days, in the shrimp pool, lay straw, inject the water of 10 ~ 15cm height, sowing eel grass seed, wait after seeing that eel grass grows to and surfaces, add water, be filled to height 1.3 ~ 1.6m dark;
(3) shrimp pool water virus killing: pour insecticidal solution in the shrimp pool, by every m
3water drops into the standard of 0.1 ~ 0.3kg insecticidal solution, and the making raw material of insecticidal solution comprises: fructus ulmi 10 ~ 17 parts, Chinese torreyanut 15 ~ 22 parts, pumpkin seeds 11 ~ 16 parts, granatum 3 ~ 8 parts, the fruit of Rangoon creeper 4 ~ 13 parts, stone-like omphalia 15 ~ 22 parts, gloomy several skin 1 ~ 6 part, phoenix-tail fern 13 ~ 21 parts, Bin youth 6 ~ 15 parts, cortex acanthopanacis 9 ~ 16 parts, alcohol 5 ~ 8 parts; After abundant dissolving, carry out oxygenation 3 ~ 6 hours with aerator;
(4) shrimp seedling is thrown in and is fed: after confirming that shrimp pool water is nontoxic, on the fine date, each shrimp pool selects 2500 ~ 3000 tail sizes shrimp seedling that is even, that have vigor, body to grow 0.9 ~ 1.3cm to throw in, in 20 days after the input of shrimp seedling, to throw something and feed every 4 days a slurry, feeding volume calculates by shrimp body weight 6 ~ 9%, described slurry, after being mixed by the mass ratio of 10:5:3:8:0.5:30 by soya bean, peanut, the seed of Job's tears, wheat, orange peel and water, stirs form for 20 ~ 30 minutes by soy bean milk making machine; Shrimp seedling throw in after 20 ~ 40 days in, the particle that starts to throw something and feed lures material, and feeding volume calculates by shrimp body weight 10 ~ 13%, throws something and feeds once every 2 days; After shrimp seedling throws in 40 days, the particle that carries out every day throwing something and feeding lures material, feeding volume calculates by shrimp body weight 12 ~ 14%, feedstuff feeding amount every day is divided into three parts in the ratio of 3:4:3 throw something and feed early, middle and late, described granular bait for fish protein content requirement more than 35%, vitamin content require more than 3%;
(5) management of the shrimp pool and seizure: drove aerator every 3 ~ 5 days oxygenation at night 8 ~ 10 hours, carry out daytime and patrol pool work, find face, the pool has rubbish floating object or dead shrimp will salvage in time, Mosquito killer lamp is brought into use after shrimp seedling is thrown in, 20 to unlatching next day 6 at night, when nocturnal temperature is lower than 15 DEG C, open sunlamp; Every day, water more than 30% was changed in maintenance, topdressed every 15 ~ 30 days prawn pools, and carried out purification of water quality every 30 days at the mixture be made up of by 5:1 mass ratio medical stone and carbon of splashing, and can catch after waiting Macrobrachium rosenbergii shaping, prepared next group seedling.
Further, step (2) described sealing and fermenting be temperature 28 ~ 35 DEG C, humidity be 70 ~ 80%, pressure be 0.12 ~ 0.15MPa fermenting cellar in carry out.
Further, the preparation method of step (3) described insecticidal solution is: by fructus ulmi, Chinese torreyanut, pumpkin seeds, granatum, the fruit of Rangoon creeper, stone-like omphalia, gloomy several skin, phoenix-tail fern, Bin youth, cortex acanthopanacis and water are put in pressure cooker and are boiled 30 ~ 40 minutes, in pressure cooker, the mass ratio of material and water is 1:8, then all pour out in pot, want 20 ~ 30 minutes at a simmer, liquid filtering is gone out, rejoin water, the mass ratio of material and water is 1:4, after boiling with high heat, use 15 ~ 25 minutes at a simmer instead, liquid filtering is gone out, then cool after twice liquid being mixed, add alcohol to stir, .
Further, described fructus ulmi, Chinese torreyanut, pumpkin seeds, granatum, the fruit of Rangoon creeper, stone-like omphalia, gloomy several skin, phoenix-tail fern, Bin youth, cortex acanthopanacis are with the pretreatment of high pressure pan boiling advance row, described pretreatment refers to and first kills virus 1 ~ 2 hour with the high temperature of 110 ~ 130 DEG C with infrared rays, fry 5 ~ 10 minutes with high heat again, stewing 2 ~ 6 minutes, cool.
Further, topdress described in step (5) and refer to fertilizer by " 50 ~ 90g/m
2" standard splash to the shrimp pool; described fertilizer refer to by ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, superphosphate, apple skin, river silt, pumpkin seeds, the dried rhizome of rehmannia, deseed FRUCTUS FORSYTHIAE, broad bean powder by 10:10:5:4:5:3:2:0.5:2 mass ratio mixing after, fermentation material.
Further, described fermentation refers to and is encased in plastic sack by material, and opening is statically placed in the spontaneous fermentation in 5 ~ 10 days of shady and cool place and forms.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) shrimp bacteria infection probability is low: before the water filling on the shrimp pool and after water filling, all has and takes the living environment of certain measure prawn to kill virus comprehensively, and killed by the germ existed in the shrimp pool and pool water, ensure that shrimp grows up healthy and sound, survival rate is high; (2) feed intake science: according to the growth characteristic of progressively growing of shrimp, first carry out feeding with rich proteinaceous liquid, wait shrimp to grow into certain phase, then drop into granular bait for fish feeding, can ensure that shrimp can better absorb, also avoid because shrimp causes waste to the inadaptable of feed; (3) shrimp living environment is good: carry out topdressing and purification work in the prawn pool in time, and ensure that in the shrimp pool, nutrient is sufficient, pool water is limpid, is of value to shrimp existence.
Embodiment
Below the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described, should be appreciated that preferred embodiment described herein is only for instruction and explanation of the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A method for efficient cultivation Macrobrachium rosenbergii, comprises the following steps:
(1) the shrimp pool arranges: selection specification is 180 ~ 200m2, the degree of depth is that multiple Tu Chi of 1.8 ~ 2m are as the shrimp pool, first the water in native pond is drained, the foreign material such as bulk stone, deadwood, plastic sack, house refuse in the shrimp pool are walked clearly, Exposure to Sunlight is after 7 days, spray with the anti-virus solution prawn pool mixed together by 1:001:30 by pulverized limestone, 84 thimerosals and water, spraying consumption is " 100ml/m
2", sprayed the 3rd day, in the shrimp pool, injected water, water filling height 30cm, after 10 hours, drained by water, refill water, water injection rate is 20cm, after 5 hours, is drained by water; Enclose surrounding at shrimp pool base and Mosquito killer lamp and sunlamp are set;
(2) shrimp pool fertilising, planting: apply fertilizer with splashing in face, the fertilizer prawn pool, fertilizer refers to that sealing and fermenting forms for 7 days by chicken manure, sheep excrement, pig manure, soya-bean milk slag, ash, cinder, eggshell, melon skin, high bamboo shoot head, gumbo, vinegar, people's urine, rice washing water by after the mass ratio mixing of 20:15:30:6:5:8:2:7:3:3:0.5:10:12; After fertilising the 3rd day, in the shrimp pool, lay straw, inject the water of 10cm height, sowing eel grass seed, wait after seeing that eel grass grows to and surfaces, add water, be filled to height 1.3m dark;
(3) shrimp pool water virus killing: pour insecticidal solution in the shrimp pool, by every m
3water drops into the standard of 0.1kg insecticidal solution, and the making raw material of insecticidal solution comprises: fructus ulmi 10 parts, Chinese torreyanut 15 parts, pumpkin seeds 11 parts, granatum 3 parts, the fruit of Rangoon creeper 4 parts, stone-like omphalia 15 parts, gloomy several skin 1 part, phoenix-tail fern 13 parts, Bin youth 6 parts, cortex acanthopanacis 9 parts, alcohol 5 parts; After abundant dissolving, carry out oxygenation 3 hours with aerator;
(4) shrimp seedling is thrown in and is fed: after confirming that shrimp pool water is nontoxic, on the fine date, each shrimp pool selects 2500 ~ 3000 tail sizes shrimp seedling that is even, that have vigor, body to grow 0.9 ~ 1.3cm to throw in, in 20 days after the input of shrimp seedling, to throw something and feed every 4 days a slurry, feeding volume calculates by shrimp body weight 6%, and slurry, after being mixed by the mass ratio of 10:5:3:8:0.5:30 by soya bean, peanut, the seed of Job's tears, wheat, orange peel and water, stirs form for 20 minutes by soy bean milk making machine; Shrimp seedling throw in after 20 days in, the particle that starts to throw something and feed lures material, and feeding volume calculates by shrimp body weight 10%, throws something and feeds once every 2 days; After shrimp seedling throws in 40 days, the particle that carries out every day throwing something and feeding lures material, feeding volume calculates by shrimp body weight 12%, feedstuff feeding amount every day is divided into three parts in the ratio of 3:4:3 and throws something and feeds early, middle and late, and granular bait for fish protein content requirement more than 35%, vitamin content require more than 3%;
(5) management of the shrimp pool and seizure: drove aerator every 3 days oxygenation at night 8 hours, carry out daytime and patrol pool work, find face, the pool has rubbish floating object or dead shrimp will salvage in time, Mosquito killer lamp is brought into use after shrimp seedling is thrown in, 20 to unlatching next day 6 at night, when nocturnal temperature is lower than 15 DEG C, open sunlamp; Every day, water more than 30% was changed in maintenance, topdressed every 15 days prawn pools, and carried out purification of water quality every 30 days at the mixture be made up of by 5:1 mass ratio medical stone and carbon of splashing, and can catch after waiting Macrobrachium rosenbergii shaping, prepared next group seedling.
Further, step (2) sealing and fermenting be temperature 28 DEG C, humidity be 70%, pressure be 0.12MPa fermenting cellar in carry out.
Further, the preparation method of step (3) insecticidal solution is: by fructus ulmi, Chinese torreyanut, pumpkin seeds, granatum, the fruit of Rangoon creeper, stone-like omphalia, gloomy several skin, phoenix-tail fern, Bin youth, cortex acanthopanacis and water are put in pressure cooker and are boiled 30 minutes, in pressure cooker, the mass ratio of material and water is 1:8, then all pour out in pot, want 20 minutes at a simmer, liquid filtering is gone out, rejoin water, the mass ratio of material and water is 1:4, after boiling with high heat, use 15 minutes at a simmer instead, liquid filtering is gone out, then cool after twice liquid being mixed, add alcohol to stir, .
Further, fructus ulmi, Chinese torreyanut, pumpkin seeds, granatum, the fruit of Rangoon creeper, stone-like omphalia, gloomy several skin, phoenix-tail fern, Bin youth, cortex acanthopanacis are with the pretreatment of high pressure pan boiling advance row, and pretreatment refers to and first kills virus 1 hour with the high temperature of 110 DEG C with infrared rays, then fries 5 minutes with high heat, stewing 2 minutes, cool.
Further, step (5) is topdressed and is referred to fertilizer by " 50g/m
2" standard splash to the shrimp pool, fertilizer refer to by ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, superphosphate, apple skin, river silt, pumpkin seeds, the dried rhizome of rehmannia, deseed FRUCTUS FORSYTHIAE, broad bean powder by 10:10:5:4:5:3:2:0.5:2 mass ratio mixing after, fermentation material.
Further, fermentation refers to and is encased in plastic sack by material, and opening is statically placed in the spontaneous fermentation in 5 days of shady and cool place and forms.
Embodiment 2
A method for efficient cultivation Macrobrachium rosenbergii, comprises the following steps:
(1) the shrimp pool arranges: select specification to be 180 ~ 200m
2, the degree of depth is that multiple Tu Chi of 1.8 ~ 2m are as the shrimp pool, first the water in native pond is drained, the foreign material such as bulk stone, deadwood, plastic sack, house refuse in the shrimp pool are walked clearly, Exposure to Sunlight is after 10 days, spray with the anti-virus solution prawn pool mixed together by 1:001:30 by pulverized limestone, 84 thimerosals and water, spraying consumption is " 120ml/m
2", sprayed the 3rd day, in the shrimp pool, injected water, water filling height 40cm, after 15 hours, drained by water, refill water, water injection rate is 30cm, after 8 hours, is drained by water; Enclose surrounding at shrimp pool base and Mosquito killer lamp and sunlamp are set;
(2) shrimp pool fertilising, planting: apply fertilizer with splashing in face, the fertilizer prawn pool, described fertilizer refers to that sealing and fermenting forms for 11 days by chicken manure, sheep excrement, pig manure, soya-bean milk slag, ash, cinder, eggshell, melon skin, high bamboo shoot head, gumbo, vinegar, people's urine, rice washing water by after the mass ratio mixing of 20:15:30:6:5:8:2:7:3:3:0.5:10:12; After fertilising the 5th day, in the shrimp pool, lay straw, inject the water of 15cm height, sowing eel grass seed, wait after seeing that eel grass grows to and surfaces, add water, be filled to height 1.6m dark;
(3) shrimp pool water virus killing: pour insecticidal solution in the shrimp pool, by every m
3water drops into the standard of 0.3kg insecticidal solution, and the making raw material of insecticidal solution comprises: fructus ulmi 17 parts, Chinese torreyanut 22 parts, pumpkin seeds 6 parts, granatum 8 parts, the fruit of Rangoon creeper 13 parts, stone-like omphalia 22 parts, gloomy several skin 6 parts, phoenix-tail fern 21 parts, Bin youth 15 parts, cortex acanthopanacis 16 parts, alcohol 8 parts; After abundant dissolving, carry out oxygenation 6 hours with aerator;
(4) shrimp seedling is thrown in and is fed: after confirming that shrimp pool water is nontoxic, on the fine date, each shrimp pool selects 2500 ~ 3000 tail sizes shrimp seedling that is even, that have vigor, body to grow 0.9 ~ 1.3cm to throw in, in 20 days after the input of shrimp seedling, to throw something and feed every 4 days a slurry, feeding volume calculates by shrimp body weight 9%, and described slurry, after being mixed by the mass ratio of 10:5:3:8:0.5:30 by soya bean, peanut, the seed of Job's tears, wheat, orange peel and water, stirs form for 30 minutes by soy bean milk making machine; Shrimp seedling throw in after 40 days in, the particle that starts to throw something and feed lures material, and feeding volume calculates by shrimp body weight 13%, throws something and feeds once every 2 days; After shrimp seedling throws in 40 days, the particle that carries out every day throwing something and feeding lures material, feeding volume calculates by shrimp body weight 14%, feedstuff feeding amount every day is divided into three parts in the ratio of 3:4:3 and throws something and feeds early, middle and late, and described granular bait for fish protein content requirement more than 35%, vitamin content require more than 3%;
(5) management of the shrimp pool and seizure: drove aerator every 5 days oxygenation at night 10 hours, carry out daytime and patrol pool work, find face, the pool has rubbish floating object or dead shrimp will salvage in time, Mosquito killer lamp is brought into use after shrimp seedling is thrown in, 20 to unlatching next day 6 at night, when nocturnal temperature is lower than 15 DEG C, open sunlamp; Every day, water more than 30% was changed in maintenance, topdressed every 30 days prawn pools, and carried out purification of water quality every 30 days at the mixture be made up of by 5:1 mass ratio medical stone and carbon of splashing, and can catch after waiting Macrobrachium rosenbergii shaping, prepared next group seedling.
Further, step (2) described sealing and fermenting be temperature 35 DEG C, humidity be 80%, pressure be 0.15MPa fermenting cellar in carry out.
Further, the preparation method of step (3) described insecticidal solution is: by fructus ulmi, Chinese torreyanut, pumpkin seeds, granatum, the fruit of Rangoon creeper, stone-like omphalia, gloomy several skin, phoenix-tail fern, Bin youth, cortex acanthopanacis and water are put in pressure cooker and are boiled 40 minutes, in pressure cooker, the mass ratio of material and water is 1:8, then all pour out in pot, want 30 minutes at a simmer, liquid filtering is gone out, rejoin water, the mass ratio of material and water is 1:4, after boiling with high heat, use 25 minutes at a simmer instead, liquid filtering is gone out, then cool after twice liquid being mixed, add alcohol to stir, .
Further, described fructus ulmi, Chinese torreyanut, pumpkin seeds, granatum, the fruit of Rangoon creeper, stone-like omphalia, gloomy several skin, phoenix-tail fern, Bin youth, cortex acanthopanacis are with the pretreatment of high pressure pan boiling advance row, described pretreatment refers to and first kills virus 2 hours with the high temperature of 130 DEG C with infrared rays, fry 10 minutes with high heat again, stewing 6 minutes, cool.
Further, topdress described in step (5) and refer to fertilizer by " 90g/m
2" standard splash to the shrimp pool; described fertilizer refer to by ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, superphosphate, apple skin, river silt, pumpkin seeds, the dried rhizome of rehmannia, deseed FRUCTUS FORSYTHIAE, broad bean powder by 10:10:5:4:5:3:2:0.5:2 mass ratio mixing after, fermentation material.
Further, described fermentation refers to and is encased in plastic sack by material, and opening is statically placed in the spontaneous fermentation in 10 days of shady and cool place and forms.
Embodiment 3
A method for efficient cultivation Macrobrachium rosenbergii, comprises the following steps:
(1) the shrimp pool arranges: select specification to be 180 ~ 200m
2, the degree of depth is that multiple Tu Chi of 1.8 ~ 2m are as the shrimp pool, first the water in native pond is drained, the foreign material such as bulk stone, deadwood, plastic sack, house refuse in the shrimp pool are walked clearly, Exposure to Sunlight is after 8 days, spray with the anti-virus solution prawn pool mixed together by 1:001:30 by pulverized limestone, 84 thimerosals and water, spraying consumption is " 110ml/m
2", sprayed the 3rd day, in the shrimp pool, injected water, water filling height 35cm, after 12 hours, drained by water, refill water, water injection rate is 25cm, after 6.5 hours, is drained by water; Enclose surrounding at shrimp pool base and Mosquito killer lamp and sunlamp are set;
(2) shrimp pool fertilising, planting: apply fertilizer with splashing in face, the fertilizer prawn pool, described fertilizer refers to that sealing and fermenting forms for 9 days by chicken manure, sheep excrement, pig manure, soya-bean milk slag, ash, cinder, eggshell, melon skin, high bamboo shoot head, gumbo, vinegar, people's urine, rice washing water by after the mass ratio mixing of 20:15:30:6:5:8:2:7:3:3:0.5:10:12; After fertilising the 4th day, in the shrimp pool, lay straw, inject the water of 12cm height, sowing eel grass seed, wait after seeing that eel grass grows to and surfaces, add water, be filled to height 1.4m dark;
(3) shrimp pool water virus killing: pour insecticidal solution in the shrimp pool, by every m
3water drops into the standard of 0.2kg insecticidal solution, and the making raw material of insecticidal solution comprises: fructus ulmi 13 parts, Chinese torreyanut 18 parts, pumpkin seeds 14 parts, granatum 5 parts, the fruit of Rangoon creeper 8 parts, stone-like omphalia 18 parts, gloomy several skin 4 parts, phoenix-tail fern 16 parts, Bin youth 9 parts, cortex acanthopanacis 12 parts, alcohol 6 parts; After abundant dissolving, carry out oxygenation 4.5 hours with aerator;
(4) shrimp seedling is thrown in and is fed: after confirming that shrimp pool water is nontoxic, on the fine date, each shrimp pool selects 2500 ~ 3000 tail sizes shrimp seedling that is even, that have vigor, body to grow 0.9 ~ 1.3cm to throw in, in 20 days after the input of shrimp seedling, to throw something and feed every 4 days a slurry, feeding volume calculates by shrimp body weight 7%, and described slurry, after being mixed by the mass ratio of 10:5:3:8:0.5:30 by soya bean, peanut, the seed of Job's tears, wheat, orange peel and water, stirs form for 25 minutes by soy bean milk making machine; Shrimp seedling throw in after 20 ~ 40 days in, the particle that starts to throw something and feed lures material, and feeding volume calculates by shrimp body weight 12%, throws something and feeds once every 2 days; After shrimp seedling throws in 40 days, the particle that carries out every day throwing something and feeding lures material, feeding volume calculates by shrimp body weight 13%, feedstuff feeding amount every day is divided into three parts in the ratio of 3:4:3 and throws something and feeds early, middle and late, and described granular bait for fish protein content requirement more than 35%, vitamin content require more than 3%;
(5) management of the shrimp pool and seizure: drove aerator every 4 days oxygenation at night 9 hours, carry out daytime and patrol pool work, find face, the pool has rubbish floating object or dead shrimp will salvage in time, Mosquito killer lamp is brought into use after shrimp seedling is thrown in, 20 to unlatching next day 6 at night, when nocturnal temperature is lower than 15 DEG C, open sunlamp; Every day, water more than 30% was changed in maintenance, topdressed every 22 days prawn pools, and carried out purification of water quality every 30 days at the mixture be made up of by 5:1 mass ratio medical stone and carbon of splashing, and can catch after waiting Macrobrachium rosenbergii shaping, prepared next group seedling.
Further, step (2) described sealing and fermenting be temperature 32 DEG C, humidity be 75%, pressure be 0.13MPa fermenting cellar in carry out.
Further, the preparation method of step (3) described insecticidal solution is: by fructus ulmi, Chinese torreyanut, pumpkin seeds, granatum, the fruit of Rangoon creeper, stone-like omphalia, gloomy several skin, phoenix-tail fern, Bin youth, cortex acanthopanacis and water are put in pressure cooker and are boiled 35 minutes, in pressure cooker, the mass ratio of material and water is 1:8, then all pour out in pot, want 25 minutes at a simmer, liquid filtering is gone out, rejoin water, the mass ratio of material and water is 1:4, after boiling with high heat, use 20 minutes at a simmer instead, liquid filtering is gone out, then cool after twice liquid being mixed, add alcohol to stir, .
Further, described fructus ulmi, Chinese torreyanut, pumpkin seeds, granatum, the fruit of Rangoon creeper, stone-like omphalia, gloomy several skin, phoenix-tail fern, Bin youth, cortex acanthopanacis are with the pretreatment of high pressure pan boiling advance row, described pretreatment refers to and first kills virus 1.5 hours with the high temperature of 120 DEG C with infrared rays, fry 8 minutes with high heat again, stewing 4 minutes, cool.
Further, topdress described in step (5) and refer to fertilizer by " 70g/m
2" standard splash to the shrimp pool; described fertilizer refer to by ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, superphosphate, apple skin, river silt, pumpkin seeds, the dried rhizome of rehmannia, deseed FRUCTUS FORSYTHIAE, broad bean powder by 10:10:5:4:5:3:2:0.5:2 mass ratio mixing after, fermentation material.
Further, described fermentation refers to and is encased in plastic sack by material, and opening is statically placed in the spontaneous fermentation in 8 days of shady and cool place and forms.
Experimental Comparison:
The Macrobrachium rosenbergii of fishing for sale adopting the inventive method cultivation and conventional method to cultivate is randomly drawed 100 contrast, comparing result is as follows:
| Average weight (g) | Outward appearance | Color | Freshness | |
| The inventive method is cultivated | 48.5 | Four limbs are complete | Meat is transparent | Liveness is high |
| Conventional method is cultivated | 42.3 | There is deformed limb in part | Part is pitch-black, spottiness | Liveness is low |
Last it is noted that these are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention; be not limited to the present invention; although with reference to embodiment to invention has been detailed description; for a person skilled in the art; it still can be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments; or equivalent replacement is carried out to wherein portion of techniques feature; but it is within the spirit and principles in the present invention all; any amendment of doing, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a method for efficient cultivation Macrobrachium rosenbergii, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) the shrimp pool arranges: select specification to be 180 ~ 200m
2, the degree of depth is that multiple Tu Chi of 1.8 ~ 2m are as the shrimp pool, first the water in native pond is drained, the foreign material such as bulk stone, deadwood, plastic sack, house refuse in the shrimp pool are walked clearly, Exposure to Sunlight is after 7 ~ 10 days, spray with the anti-virus solution prawn pool mixed together by 1:001:30 by pulverized limestone, 84 thimerosals and water, spraying consumption is " 100 ~ 120ml/m
2", sprayed the 3rd day, in the shrimp pool, injected water, water filling height 30 ~ 40cm, after 10 ~ 15 hours, drained by water, refill water, water injection rate is 20 ~ 30cm, after 5 ~ 8 hours, is drained by water; Enclose surrounding at shrimp pool base and Mosquito killer lamp and sunlamp are set;
(2) shrimp pool fertilising, planting: apply fertilizer with splashing in face, the fertilizer prawn pool, described fertilizer refers to that sealing and fermenting forms for 7 ~ 11 days by chicken manure, sheep excrement, pig manure, soya-bean milk slag, ash, cinder, eggshell, melon skin, high bamboo shoot head, gumbo, vinegar, people's urine, rice washing water by after the mass ratio mixing of 20:15:30:6:5:8:2:7:3:3:0.5:10:12; After fertilising 3rd ~ 5 days, in the shrimp pool, lay straw, inject the water of 10 ~ 15cm height, sowing eel grass seed, wait after seeing that eel grass grows to and surfaces, add water, be filled to height 1.3 ~ 1.6m dark;
(3) shrimp pool water virus killing: pour insecticidal solution in the shrimp pool, by every m
3water drops into the standard of 0.1 ~ 0.3kg insecticidal solution, and the making raw material of insecticidal solution comprises: fructus ulmi 10 ~ 17 parts, Chinese torreyanut 15 ~ 22 parts, pumpkin seeds 11 ~ 16 parts, granatum 3 ~ 8 parts, the fruit of Rangoon creeper 4 ~ 13 parts, stone-like omphalia 15 ~ 22 parts, gloomy several skin 1 ~ 6 part, phoenix-tail fern 13 ~ 21 parts, Bin youth 6 ~ 15 parts, cortex acanthopanacis 9 ~ 16 parts, alcohol 5 ~ 8 parts; After abundant dissolving, carry out oxygenation 3 ~ 6 hours with aerator;
(4) shrimp seedling is thrown in and is fed: after confirming that shrimp pool water is nontoxic, on the fine date, each shrimp pool selects 2500 ~ 3000 tail sizes shrimp seedling that is even, that have vigor, body to grow 0.9 ~ 1.3cm to throw in, in 20 days after the input of shrimp seedling, to throw something and feed every 4 days a slurry, feeding volume calculates by shrimp body weight 6 ~ 9%, described slurry, after being mixed by the mass ratio of 10:5:3:8:0.5:30 by soya bean, peanut, the seed of Job's tears, wheat, orange peel and water, stirs form for 20 ~ 30 minutes by soy bean milk making machine; Shrimp seedling throw in after 20 ~ 40 days in, the particle that starts to throw something and feed lures material, and feeding volume calculates by shrimp body weight 10 ~ 13%, throws something and feeds once every 2 days; After shrimp seedling throws in 40 days, the particle that carries out every day throwing something and feeding lures material, feeding volume calculates by shrimp body weight 12 ~ 14%, feedstuff feeding amount every day is divided into three parts in the ratio of 3:4:3 throw something and feed early, middle and late, described granular bait for fish protein content requirement more than 35%, vitamin content require more than 3%;
(5) management of the shrimp pool and seizure: drove aerator every 3 ~ 5 days oxygenation at night 8 ~ 10 hours, carry out daytime and patrol pool work, find face, the pool has rubbish floating object or dead shrimp will salvage in time, Mosquito killer lamp is brought into use after shrimp seedling is thrown in, 20 to unlatching next day 6 at night, when nocturnal temperature is lower than 15 DEG C, open sunlamp; Every day, water more than 30% was changed in maintenance, topdressed every 15 ~ 30 days prawn pools, and carried out purification of water quality every 30 days at the mixture be made up of by 5:1 mass ratio medical stone and carbon of splashing, and can catch after waiting Macrobrachium rosenbergii shaping, prepared next group seedling.
2. the method for a kind of efficient cultivation Macrobrachium rosenbergii according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step (2) described sealing and fermenting be temperature 28 ~ 35 DEG C, humidity be 70 ~ 80%, pressure be 0.12 ~ 0.15MPa fermenting cellar in carry out.
3. the method for a kind of efficient cultivation Macrobrachium rosenbergii according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the preparation method of step (3) described insecticidal solution is: by fructus ulmi, Chinese torreyanut, pumpkin seeds, granatum, the fruit of Rangoon creeper, stone-like omphalia, gloomy several skin, phoenix-tail fern, Bin youth, cortex acanthopanacis and water are put in pressure cooker and are boiled 30 ~ 40 minutes, in pressure cooker, the mass ratio of material and water is 1:8, then all pour out in pot, want 20 ~ 30 minutes at a simmer, liquid filtering is gone out, rejoin water, the mass ratio of material and water is 1:4, after boiling with high heat, use 15 ~ 25 minutes at a simmer instead, liquid filtering is gone out, then cool after twice liquid being mixed, add alcohol to stir, .
4. the method for a kind of efficient cultivation Macrobrachium rosenbergii according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, described fructus ulmi, Chinese torreyanut, pumpkin seeds, granatum, the fruit of Rangoon creeper, stone-like omphalia, gloomy several skin, phoenix-tail fern, Bin youth, cortex acanthopanacis are with the pretreatment of high pressure pan boiling advance row, described pretreatment refers to and first kills virus 1 ~ 2 hour with the high temperature of 110 ~ 130 DEG C with infrared rays, fry 5 ~ 10 minutes with high heat again, stewing 2 ~ 6 minutes, cool.
5. the method for a kind of efficient cultivation Macrobrachium rosenbergii according to claim 1, is characterized in that, topdressing described in step (5) refers to fertilizer by " 50 ~ 90g/m
2" standard splash to the shrimp pool; described fertilizer refer to by ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, superphosphate, apple skin, river silt, pumpkin seeds, the dried rhizome of rehmannia, deseed FRUCTUS FORSYTHIAE, broad bean powder by 10:10:5:4:5:3:2:0.5:2 mass ratio mixing after, fermentation material.
6. the method for a kind of efficient cultivation Macrobrachium rosenbergii according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described fermentation refers to and is encased in plastic sack by material, and opening is statically placed in the spontaneous fermentation in 5 ~ 10 days of shady and cool place and forms.
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