CN103461250B - A kind of method of paddy field aquaculture yellow cartfish - Google Patents
A kind of method of paddy field aquaculture yellow cartfish Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of method of paddy field aquaculture yellow cartfish, select that ground is open, physical features is smooth, field that good water-retaining property, hidding and sunny side, environment quiet, traffic convenience, electric power are supporting, substrate is clay, bottom sludge 15 about cm, enter draining convenient, dig out in discharge outlet bottom portion than other local dark about 20cm sizes, be convenient to use when draining is fished for adult fish, pond drainage mouth is installed 40 orders and is prevented escaping net; 10d before input fingerling, sterilization of cleaning up the pond, puts selection of time in a suitable place to breed in the 5-6 month, generally every mu can throw in the yellow cartfish kind 1500-2500 tail of 30g/ tail about, and about flower silver carp 200 tail of 50g/ tail of can arranging in pairs or groups.Fingerling of putting should require neat specification, lovely luster, body surface smooth, anosis nothing is hindered, fin is healthy and strong without incompleteness, physique, enters Chi Qianxu 3%-4% saline solution and embathes 10min.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for aquaculture, the method for especially a kind of paddy field aquaculture yellow cartfish.
Background technology
Yellow cartfish is a kind of small-sized economic freshwater fish.Although its individuality is less, because of its fine and tender taste, delicious flavour, nutritious, the few dark favor by consumer without squama of thorn.At present, one of the most potential famous-particular-excellent breed variety has been become.In rice field, cultivate yellow cartfish is utilize ecological principle, Rice Cropping and aquaculture is organically combined, realizes rice fish mutualism, the mode of production of rice fish bumper harvests.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of method of paddy field aquaculture yellow cartfish, comprises the following steps:
Rice field is selected: select that ground is open, physical features is smooth, field that good water-retaining property, hidding and sunny side, environment quiet, traffic convenience, electric power are supporting, substrate is clay, bottom sludge 15 about cm, enter draining convenient, dig out than other local dark about 20 cm sizes in discharge outlet bottom portion, be convenient to use when draining and adult fish are fished for, pond drainage mouth installs that 40 orders are anti-escapes net; For the rice field of yellow cartfish cultivation, visual field size selects excavation sphere of movements for the elephants shape or " well " font field ditch.Field furrow width is 3 ~ 5m, and ditch depth is 0.8 ~ 1m.Will build up into drainage ditch, enter the close eye net of discharge outlet and seal, base portion will be tamped simultaneously.The ditch depth at discharge outlet place will reach more than 1.5m, fishes in order to the concentrated of yellow cartfish.
10 d before input fingerling, the first dry pool by removings such as weeds in pond, to clean up the pond sterilization with quicklime 1 125 kg/hm2, every mu of area executes pig, the cow dung 1000kg of the semi-wet that becomes thoroughly decomposed, and is sprinkling upon equably at the bottom of pond by fertilizer, is imbedded in mud with rake, keep permanent to allow fertilizer efficiency, to cultivate macrozooplankton, to have agreeable to the taste biological feed behind the pool under fingerling, after zooplanktons a large amount of in pond waters occurs, throw in fingerling;
Seed is thrown in: put selection of time in a suitable place to breed in the 5-6 month, generally every mu can throw in the yellow cartfish kind 1500-2500 tail of 30g/ tail about, and about flower silver carp 200 tail of 50g/ tail of can arranging in pairs or groups.Fingerling of putting should require neat specification, lovely luster, body surface smooth, anosis nothing is hindered, fin is healthy and strong without incompleteness, physique, enters Chi Qianxu 3%-4% saline solution and embathes 10min;
Bait feeding, arranges 2 ~ 3 food platforms, and carries out taming and dociling food, makes the shoal of fish concentratedly to fixed location rob food in the set time, before cabrage 20g, mixes powdery compound feed with the flesh of fish, adds water to pinch into bulk and throw something and feed; Cabrage 20 ~ 50g, the manufactured feed of throw something and feed particle diameter 1.5mm, crude protein content 35% ~ 40%; More than cabrage 50g, changes the manufactured feed throwing particle diameter 2.5mm, crude protein content about 30%, batching is fish meal, meat and bone meal, blood meal, dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice, dry worm for fishing coordinate with feed addictive, early stage protein content more than 34%, fatty 4%; Later stage can use small fish Substitute For Partial fish meal, protein content 30%, fat 6%, every morning 7 ~ 8 feed day bait amount 1/3, at 5 ~ 6 in afternoon feeds 2/3, each feeds 30 minutes, when general water temperature is 10 ~ 15 DEG C feeding volume percentage of liveweight 1.5% ~ 1.8%, when water temperature is 15 ~ 20 DEG C, Yuan feeds 2.0% ~ 2.5% of amount percentage of liveweight, and when water temperature rises to 20 ~ 30 DEG C, feeding volume is increased to 4% ~ 5% of percentage of liveweight;
Rice seedling is planted: rice field requires to turn at the end of of 5 months usually, rice seedling was planted before June 10, rice seedling is transplanted to large Tanaka after being first bred as seedlings in seedling furrow again, rice seedling is planted front 2 ~ 3d and is used 1 highly effective pesticide, in case rice pest is propagated, the growing method of usual employing shallow water, wide row, more seedlings, and suitably increase inside ridge, the Planting Densities of ditch both sides, field, to play Edge advantages;
Daily management: the regulation and control mainly doing a good job of it water level and water quality: one is adjust water level according to seasonal variation and paddy rice different growing stages, general at 50 ~ 80cm at the beginning of 5-6 month fingerling stocking, after farming terminates, be increased to by water level and exceed 10cm place, face, field, July, paddy rice was anti-blue or green to group joint, and face, field keeps 5 ~ 10cm depth of water, after August, paddy rice dialled joint, water level can be adjusted to maximum, water level progressively be reduced until field is showed out again before paddy rice harvesting, prepare harvesting paddy rice.Two be according to paddy rice dry field, control worm require regulate and control water level, for making air enter soil in growth process of riceplant, need face, solar radiation field, increase improving activity of root system, simultaneously for sterilization heats, need dry field be carried out.Usual employing is gently shone and is baked field method with short-term, not fall into pin, Tian Bianbiao soil not crack and turning white in the middle of field, sees the whiting of paddy rice floating root for appropriateness, after paddy rice dry field terminates, returns to former water level immediately, monthly water filling 1 time in 5-June, injects new water 20cm at every turn; The 7-9 month, every first quarter moon changed water 1 time, changed water 15cm at every turn, and the 7-9 month every 15 ~ 20d, with 10kg/667m
2the quicklime of left and right adds water and to be deployed into after solution full pool spilling head 1 time;
Disease control: regularly add Chinese herbal medicine, photosynthetic bacteria, immune polysaccharide, B B-complex medicine in feed; make bait feeding; body premunition can be strengthened; reduce the generation of disease; medicine that is efficient, low toxicity is selected in rice disease medication, and takes spray pattern to prevent and treat, new water of annotating in time after medication; guarantee the safety of yellow cartfish, insecticide.Splash with sulfuric acid ketone mixture of ferrous sulfate 0.7g/m3, better to Dactylogyrus, Trichodina desinsection, but can not overdose; Antibacterial anti-inflammatory agent.Available oral penicillin capsule, adds in pan feeding and feeds 3d continuously, and day feeds 2 times; Immersion 10min is concentrated to the sterilization of fish body 0.25% bleaching fluid or penicillin powder dilution.Above oral medicinal materials, preferably now joins existing feeding, joins and once feed 3d, must guard against and put for a long time.Mainly for the sick fish of bacteriological infection.Use C5H6Br2N2O2 0.3 ~ 0.4g/m3 full pool spilling head to the pond of hemorrhage, continuous 2 times, add anti-violence spirit or fish blood health in feed, addition is 4 ‰ ~ 5 ‰, connects and feeds 3 ~ 5 days.If throw something and feed, fish starches fish block, then adds the salt of 1%, and result for the treatment of is better.Control yellow cartfish fish disease should stop to use chlorophos medicament desinsection.
Embodiment
Below will be described in detail the preferred embodiments of the present invention; Should be appreciated that preferred embodiment only in order to the present invention is described, instead of in order to limit the scope of the invention.
A method for paddy field aquaculture yellow cartfish, comprises the following steps
1. rice field is selected
Select that ground is open, physical features is smooth, field that good water-retaining property, hidding and sunny side, environment quiet, traffic convenience, electric power are supporting, substrate is clay, bottom sludge 15 about cm, enter draining convenient, dig out than other local dark about 20 cm sizes in discharge outlet bottom portion, be convenient to use when draining and adult fish are fished for, pond drainage mouth installs that 40 orders are anti-escapes net; 10 d before input fingerling, the first dry pool by removings such as weeds in pond, to clean up the pond sterilization with quicklime 1 125 kg/hm2, every mu of area executes pig, the cow dung 1000kg of the semi-wet that becomes thoroughly decomposed, and is sprinkling upon equably at the bottom of pond by fertilizer, is imbedded in mud with rake, keep permanent to allow fertilizer efficiency, to cultivate macrozooplankton, to have agreeable to the taste biological feed behind the pool under fingerling, after zooplanktons a large amount of in pond waters occurs, throw in fingerling;
2. seed is thrown in
Put selection of time in a suitable place to breed in the 5-6 month, generally every mu can throw in the yellow cartfish kind 1500-2500 tail of 30g/ tail about, and about flower silver carp 200 tail of 50g/ tail of can arranging in pairs or groups.Fingerling of putting should require neat specification, lovely luster, body surface smooth, anosis nothing is hindered, fin is healthy and strong without incompleteness, physique, enters Chi Qianxu 3%-4% saline solution and embathes 10min; Bait feeding, arranges 2 ~ 3 food platforms, and carries out taming and dociling food, makes the shoal of fish concentratedly to fixed location rob food in the set time, before cabrage 20g, mixes powdery compound feed with the flesh of fish, adds water to pinch into bulk and throw something and feed; Cabrage 20 ~ 50g, the manufactured feed of throw something and feed particle diameter 1.5mm, crude protein content 35% ~ 40%; More than cabrage 50g, changes the manufactured feed throwing particle diameter 2.5mm, crude protein content about 30%, batching is fish meal, meat and bone meal, blood meal, dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice, dry worm for fishing coordinate with feed addictive, early stage protein content more than 34%, fatty 4%; Later stage can use small fish Substitute For Partial fish meal, protein content 30%, fat 6%, every morning 7 ~ 8 feed day bait amount 1/3, at 5 ~ 6 in afternoon feeds 2/3, each feeds 30 minutes, when general water temperature is 10 ~ 15 DEG C feeding volume percentage of liveweight 1.5% ~ 1.8%, when water temperature is 15 ~ 20 DEG C, Yuan feeds 2.0% ~ 2.5% of amount percentage of liveweight, and when water temperature rises to 20 ~ 30 DEG C, feeding volume is increased to 4% ~ 5% of percentage of liveweight; 3
3. rice seedling is planted
Rice field requires to turn at the end of of 5 months usually, rice seedling was planted before June 10, rice seedling is transplanted to large Tanaka after being first bred as seedlings in seedling furrow again, rice seedling is planted front 2 ~ 3d and is used 1 highly effective pesticide, in case rice pest is propagated, the growing method of usual employing shallow water, wide row, more seedlings, and suitably increase inside ridge, the Planting Densities of ditch both sides, field, to play Edge advantages;
4. daily management
Mainly do a good job of it the regulation and control of water level and water quality: one is adjust water level according to seasonal variation and paddy rice different growing stages, general at 50 ~ 80cm at the beginning of 5-6 month fingerling stocking, after farming terminates, be increased to by water level and exceed 10cm place, face, field, July, paddy rice was anti-blue or green to group joint, and face, field keeps 5 ~ 10cm depth of water, after August, paddy rice dialled joint, water level can be adjusted to maximum, water level progressively be reduced until field is showed out again before paddy rice harvesting, prepare harvesting paddy rice.Two be according to paddy rice dry field, control worm require regulate and control water level, for making air enter soil in growth process of riceplant, need face, solar radiation field, increase improving activity of root system, simultaneously for sterilization heats, need dry field be carried out.Usual employing is gently shone and is baked field method with short-term, not fall into pin, Tian Bianbiao soil not crack and turning white in the middle of field, sees the whiting of paddy rice floating root for appropriateness, after paddy rice dry field terminates, returns to former water level immediately, monthly water filling 1 time in 5-June, injects new water 20cm at every turn; The 7-9 month, every first quarter moon changed water 1 time, changed water 15cm at every turn, and the 7-9 month every 15 ~ 20d, with 10kg/667m
2the quicklime of left and right adds water and to be deployed into after solution full pool spilling head 1 time;
5. disease control
Regularly in feed, add Chinese herbal medicine, photosynthetic bacteria, immune polysaccharide, B B-complex medicine; make bait feeding; body premunition can be strengthened; reduce the generation of disease; medicine that is efficient, low toxicity is selected in rice disease medication, and takes spray pattern to prevent and treat, new water of annotating in time after medication; guarantee the safety of yellow cartfish, insecticide.Splash with sulfuric acid ketone mixture of ferrous sulfate 0.7g/m3, better to Dactylogyrus, Trichodina desinsection, but can not overdose; Antibacterial anti-inflammatory agent.Available oral penicillin capsule, adds in pan feeding and feeds 3d continuously, and day feeds 2 times; Immersion 10min is concentrated to the sterilization of fish body 0.25% bleaching fluid or penicillin powder dilution.Above oral medicinal materials, preferably now joins existing feeding, joins and once feed 3d, must guard against and put for a long time.Mainly for the sick fish of bacteriological infection.Use C5H6Br2N2O2 0.3 ~ 0.4g/m3 full pool spilling head to the pond of hemorrhage, continuous 2 times, add anti-violence spirit or fish blood health in feed, addition is 4 ‰ ~ 5 ‰, connects and feeds 3 ~ 5 days.If throw something and feed, fish starches fish block, then adds the salt of 1%, and result for the treatment of is better.Control yellow cartfish fish disease should stop to use chlorophos medicament desinsection.
Claims (1)
1. a method for paddy field aquaculture yellow cartfish, comprises the following steps: rice field is selected, seed is thrown in, rice seedling plants, daily management and disease control, and it is characterized in that, described each step particular content is as follows:
Rice field is selected: select that ground is open, physical features is smooth, field that good water-retaining property, hidding and sunny side, environment quiet, traffic convenience, electric power are supporting, substrate is clay, bottom sludge 15cm, enter draining convenient, the pond of dark 20 cms more local than other is dug out in discharge outlet bottom portion, be convenient to use when draining and adult fish are fished for, pond drainage mouth installs that 40 orders are anti-escapes net;
10d before input fingerling, first does field and is removed by Tanaka weeds, using quicklime 1125kg/hm
2the sterilization of clear field, every mu of area executes pig, the cow dung 1000kg of the semi-wet that becomes thoroughly decomposed, fertilizer is sprinkling upon at the bottom of field equably, imbedded in mud with rake, keep permanent to allow fertilizer efficiency, to cultivate macrozooplankton, so that fingerling has agreeable to the taste biological feed after going to the field, after zooplanktons a large amount of in paddyfield water occurs, throw in fingerling;
Seed is thrown in: put selection of time in a suitable place to breed in the 5-6 month, the yellow cartfish kind 1500-2500 tail of every mu of input 30g/ tail, and flower silver carp 200 tail of 50g/ tail of arranging in pairs or groups; Fingerling of putting should require neat specification, lovely luster, body surface smooth, anosis nothing is hindered, fin is healthy and strong without incompleteness, physique, enters Chi Qianxu 3%-4% saline solution and embathes 10min;
Bait feeding, arranges 2 ~ 3 food platforms, and carries out taming and dociling food, makes the shoal of fish concentratedly to fixed location rob food in the set time, before cabrage 20g, mixes powdery compound feed with the flesh of fish, adds water to pinch into bulk and throw something and feed; Cabrage 20 ~ 50g, the manufactured feed of throw something and feed particle diameter 1.5mm, crude protein content 35% ~ 40%; More than cabrage 50g, changes the manufactured feed throwing particle diameter 2.5mm, crude protein content 30%; Batching is fish meal, meat and bone meal, blood meal, dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice, dry worm for fishing coordinate with feed addictive, in earlier stage protein content more than 34%, fat 4%, later stage can use small fish Substitute For Partial fish meal, crude protein content 30%, fat 6%, every morning 7 ~ 8 feed day bait amount 1/3, at 5 ~ 6 in afternoon feeds 2/3, feed 30 minutes at every turn, when water temperature is 10 ~ 15 DEG C feeding volume percentage of liveweight 1.5% ~ 1.8%, when water temperature is 15 ~ 20 DEG C feeding volume percentage of liveweight 2.0% ~ 2.5%, when water temperature rises to 20 ~ 30 DEG C, feeding volume is increased to 4% ~ 5% of percentage of liveweight;
Rice seedling is planted: rice field requires to turn at the end of May usually, rice seedling was planted before June 10, rice seedling is transplanted to large Tanaka after being first bred as seedlings in seedling furrow again, rice seedling is planted front 2 ~ 3d and is used 1 highly effective pesticide, in case rice pest is propagated, the growing method of usual employing shallow water, wide row, more seedlings, and suitably increase inside ridge, the Planting Densities of ditch both sides, field, to play Edge advantages;
Daily management: the regulation and control mainly doing a good job of it water level and water quality: one is adjust water level according to seasonal variation and paddy rice different growing stages, at 50 ~ 80cm at the beginning of 5-6 month fingerling stocking, after farming terminates, be adjusted to by water level and exceed 10cm place, face, field, July, paddy rice was anti-blue or green to group joint, and face, field keeps 5 ~ 10cm depth of water, after August, paddy rice dialled joint, water level is adjusted to maximum, water level is progressively reduced until field is showed out again before paddy rice harvesting, prepare harvesting paddy rice; Two be according to paddy rice dry field, control worm require regulate and control water level, for making air enter soil in growth process of riceplant, need face, solar radiation field, increase improving activity of root system, simultaneously for sterilization heats, need dry field be carried out; Usual employing is gently shone and is baked field method with short-term, not fall into pin, Tian Bianbiao soil not crack and turning white in the middle of field, sees the whiting of paddy rice floating root for appropriateness, after paddy rice dry field terminates, returns to former water level immediately, the monthly water filling 1 time of the 5-6 month, injects new water 20cm at every turn; The 7-9 month, every first quarter moon changed water 1 time, changed water 15cm at every turn, and the 7-9 month every 15 ~ 20d, uses 10kg/667m
2quicklime add water and to be deployed into after solution full pool spilling head 1 time;
Disease control: regularly add Chinese herbal medicine, photosynthetic bacteria, immune polysaccharide, B B-complex medicine in feed, make bait feeding, strengthen body premunition, reduce the generation of disease, medicine that is efficient, low toxicity is selected in rice disease medication, and takes spray pattern to prevent and treat, new water of annotating in time after medication, guarantee the safety of yellow cartfish, insecticide; With sulfuric acid ketone mixture of ferrous sulfate 0.7g/m
3splash, better to Dactylogyrus, Trichodina desinsection, but can not overdose; Antibacterial anti-inflammatory agent; Use oral penicillin capsule, add in pan feeding and feed 3d continuously, day feeds 2 times; Immersion 10min is concentrated to the sterilization of fish body 0.25% bleaching fluid or penicillin powder dilution; Above oral medicinal materials, now joins existing feeding, joins and once feed 3d, must guard against and put for a long time; Mainly for the sick fish of bacteriological infection; C5H6Br2N2O2 0.3 ~ 0.4g/m is used to the pond of hemorrhage
3full pool spilling head, continuous 2 times, add anti-violence spirit or fish blood health in feed, addition is 4 ‰ ~ 5 ‰, connects and feeds 3 ~ 5 days; If throw something and feed, fish starches fish block, then adds the salt of 1%, and result for the treatment of is better; Control yellow cartfish fish disease should stop to use chlorophos medicament desinsection.
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