CN103314898B - Method for breeding carps in large-scale net cages - Google Patents

Method for breeding carps in large-scale net cages Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103314898B
CN103314898B CN201310237281.8A CN201310237281A CN103314898B CN 103314898 B CN103314898 B CN 103314898B CN 201310237281 A CN201310237281 A CN 201310237281A CN 103314898 B CN103314898 B CN 103314898B
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fish
carp
feed
water
pond
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CN103314898A (en
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张铖
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Suzhou Yangchenghu Modern Agriculture Development Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

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Abstract

Disclosed is a novel method for breeding carps in large-scale net cages. A rectangular pond is in an east-west direction, embankments and banks of the pond are firm and water-tight, the double-layer net cages are made of polyethylene meshes, the pond is cleaned and disinfected 10d before fingerlings are thrown into the pond, 5-6 months are selected as breeding time, generally, about 150-200 carp fingerlings and about 200 spotted silver carps can be thrown into each net cage in a matched manner, each carp fingerling is 30g, and each spotted silver carp is 50g. The fingerlings need to be uniform in specification and bright in color, have smooth body surfaces, have no diseases or injury, have no incomplete fins, are physically healthy, and need to be rinsed with 3%-4% of salt solution for 10min before entering the pond.

Description

A kind of method of scale cage culture carp
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for aquaculture, the method for especially a kind of scale cage culture carp.
Background technology
Carp, has and claims carp cripple, be under the jurisdiction of Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae.Its kind is many, has wild carp, squama carp. mirror carp, red carp, pocket carp etc.Carp, to water body environment strong adaptability, is the traditional improved seeds of China's freshwater aquiculture.For many years, domestic many R&D institutions utilize new technology, set about seed selection and the cultivation work of carrying out carp, by methods such as domestication, hybridization, have cultivated many improved seeds, in the fish production of various places, obtained significant effect.Carp often perches the bottom at water body.Adult fish is the ominivore-fish based on mollusk.Under field conditions (factors), Major Foods is spiral shell, a species of small clam living in fresh water, aquatic insect larva, water earthworm and thread algae, water plants and organic detritus.Carp is warm in nature suitable, and growth is fast, and disease is few, easily breeds.Manually taking good care of under condition, its growth is faster, and output is very high.Carp meat is good, and marketable fish has wide market, and especially northern China likes edible carp, the delicacies of Chang Zuowei guests.Carp can lay eggs voluntarily at natural water area and incubate seedling.Majority one fish accessibility in age is ripe, and concentrate year 4-5 month reproduction period, ovum is viscosity, in batches output, and liking is having the phytal zone of pasture and water to lay eggs, and ovum sticks on pasture and water grows.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of method of scale cage culture carp, comprises the following steps:
Fish pond is rebuild: pond is east-west, rectangle, its earth dyke is firm, water-tight, pond bottom flat, substrate is clay, bottom sludge 15 about cm, enter draining convenient, dig out in discharge outlet bottom portion than other local dark about 20 cm sizes, be convenient to use when draining is fished for adult fish, pond drainage mouth is installed 40 orders and is prevented escaping net, net cage selects polyethylene mesh sheet to make tank material, net cage is double-deck, specification 3.0m × 5.0m × 2.5m, internal layer mesh 3.5cm, outer mesh 4.0cm, the large mao bamboon colligation of net cage top surrounding, be fixed on the pile of tank tower corner by gang rope, also usable foam plastic floating ball or old metal bucket are as buoyancy, framework anchor is fixed in waters, tie sandstone bag bottom net cage and make sinker, sinker weight is strengthened in corner, make the abundant flare up tetragonal body of net cage, net cage enters water 2m, surface 0.5m, jump out outside case for preventing fish, a cover net is stitched above net cage, cover net bamboo pole is propped up, in order to avoid dent into water to affect ingesting of fish in case, before fingerling cartonning, 7d installs net cage, allow periphtic algae on etting, injured to rub after reducing the cartonning of fish body,
Seed is thrown in: put selection of time in a suitable place to breed in the 5-6 month, about general every net cage can throw in the yellow cartfish kind 100-200 tail of 30g/ tail, and about flower silver carp 200 tail of 50g/ tail of can arranging in pairs or groups, fingerling of putting should require neat specification, lovely luster, body surface smooth, anosis nothing is hindered, fin is healthy and strong without incompleteness, physique;
Bait feeding, arranges 2 ~ 3 food platforms, and carries out taming and dociling food, makes the shoal of fish concentratedly to fixed location rob food in the set time, before cabrage 20g, mixes powdery compound feed with the flesh of fish, adds water to pinch into bulk and throw something and feed; Cabrage 20 ~ 50g, the manufactured feed of throw something and feed particle diameter 1.5mm, crude protein content 35% ~ 40%; More than cabrage 50g, changes the manufactured feed throwing particle diameter 2.5mm, crude protein content about 30%, batching is fish meal, meat and bone meal, blood meal, dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice, dry worm for fishing coordinate with feed addictive, early stage protein content more than 34%, fatty 4%; Later stage can use small fish Substitute For Partial fish meal, protein content 30%, fat 6%, every morning 7 ~ 8 feed day bait amount 1/3, at 5 ~ 6 in afternoon feeds 2/3, each feeds 30 minutes, when general water temperature is 10 ~ 15 DEG C feeding volume percentage of liveweight 1.5% ~ 1.8%, when water temperature is 15 ~ 20 DEG C, Yuan feeds 2.0% ~ 2.5% of amount percentage of liveweight, and when water temperature rises to 20 ~ 30 DEG C, feeding volume is increased to 4% ~ 5% of percentage of liveweight; 3 grams of cobalt chlorides are added in carp feed per ton, in carp feed, add 3ppm copper, to the good facilitation of having grown of fish body, in carp feed, add the manganese of 13ppm, growth rate can be improved, prevent bone formation to be obstructed; In carp feed, add the iron of 80ppm, can ensure that Carp grows fast;
Daily management: the regulation and control mainly doing a good job of it water level and water quality: monthly water filling 1 time in 5-June, injects new water 20cm at every turn; The 7-9 month, every first quarter moon changed water 1 time, changed water 15cm at every turn, and the 7-9 month every 15 ~ 20d, with 10kg/667m 2the quicklime of left and right adds water and to be deployed into after solution full pool spilling head 1 time; Also will accomplish " four early ", namely early level fishpond, early put fingerling in a suitable place to breed, early bait throwing in is opened food and is early determined special messenger's pipe pool; " four see ", namely sees the active situation of fish, sees the change of water quality, sees weather condition, sees season at that time; " four is diligent ", namely duty patrols pool observation, and duty checks growth and the health condition of fish, and duty carries out clean, the pre-disease prevention in fishpond, is diligent in research; " four prevent ", namely prevent floating head, general pond, preventing and curing of fish disease, takes precautions against natural calamities, antitheft; " four is fixed ", namely bait throwing in is determined matter, quantitatively, regularly, is located." four disappear ", i.e. fingerling sterilization, bait is sterilized, and instrument is sterilized, and regularly sterilizes in food field;
Disease control: regularly add Chinese herbal medicine, photosynthetic bacteria, immune polysaccharide, B B-complex medicine in feed; make bait feeding; body premunition can be strengthened; reduce the generation of disease; medicine that is efficient, low toxicity is selected in rice disease medication, and takes spray pattern to prevent and treat, new water of annotating in time after medication; guarantee the safety of yellow cartfish, insecticide.Splash with sulfuric acid ketone mixture of ferrous sulfate 0.7g/m3, better to Dactylogyrus, Trichodina desinsection, but can not overdose; Antibacterial anti-inflammatory agent.Available oral penicillin capsule, adds in pan feeding and feeds 3d continuously, and day feeds 2 times; Immersion 10min is concentrated to the sterilization of fish body 0.25% bleaching fluid or penicillin powder dilution.Above oral medicinal materials, preferably now joins existing feeding, joins and once feed 3d, must guard against and put for a long time.Mainly for the sick fish of bacteriological infection.Use C5H6Br2N2O2 0.3 ~ 0.4g/m3 full pool spilling head to the pond of hemorrhage, continuous 2 times, add anti-violence spirit or fish blood health in feed, addition is 4 ‰ ~ 5 ‰, connects and feeds 3 ~ 5 days.If throw something and feed, fish starches fish block, then adds the salt of 1%, and result for the treatment of is better.Control yellow cartfish fish disease should stop to use chlorophos medicament desinsection.
Embodiment
Below will be described in detail the preferred embodiments of the present invention; Should be appreciated that preferred embodiment only in order to the present invention is described, instead of in order to limit the scope of the invention.
A new method for scale cage culture carp, comprises the following steps:
1. fish pond trimming
Pond is east-west, rectangle, its earth dyke is firm, water-tight, pond bottom flat, substrate is clay, bottom sludge 15 about cm, enter draining convenient, dig out in discharge outlet bottom portion than other local dark about 20 cm sizes, be convenient to use when draining is fished for adult fish, pond drainage mouth is installed 40 orders and is prevented escaping net, net cage selects polyethylene mesh sheet to make tank material, net cage is double-deck, specification 3.0m × 5.0m × 2.5m, internal layer mesh 3.5cm, outer mesh 4.0cm, the large mao bamboon colligation of net cage top surrounding, be fixed on the pile of tank tower corner by gang rope, also usable foam plastic floating ball or old metal bucket are as buoyancy, framework anchor is fixed in waters, tie sandstone bag bottom net cage and make sinker, sinker weight is strengthened in corner, make the abundant flare up tetragonal body of net cage, net cage enters water 2m, surface 0.5m, jump out outside case for preventing fish, a cover net is stitched above net cage, cover net bamboo pole is propped up, in order to avoid dent into water to affect ingesting of fish in case, before fingerling cartonning, 7d installs net cage, allow periphtic algae on etting, injured to rub after reducing the cartonning of fish body,
2. seed is thrown in
Put selection of time in a suitable place to breed in the 5-6 month, about general every net cage can throw in the yellow cartfish kind 100-200 tail of 30g/ tail, and about flower silver carp 200 tail of 50g/ tail of can arranging in pairs or groups, fingerling of putting should require neat specification, lovely luster, body surface smooth, anosis nothing is hindered, fin is healthy and strong without incompleteness, physique;
3. bait feeding
2 ~ 3 food platforms are set, and carry out taming and dociling food, make the shoal of fish concentratedly to fixed location rob food in the set time, before cabrage 20g, mix powdery compound feed with the flesh of fish, add water and pinch into bulk and throw something and feed; Cabrage 20 ~ 50g, the manufactured feed of throw something and feed particle diameter 1.5mm, crude protein content 35% ~ 40%; More than cabrage 50g, changes the manufactured feed throwing particle diameter 2.5mm, crude protein content about 30%, batching is fish meal, meat and bone meal, blood meal, dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice, dry worm for fishing coordinate with feed addictive, early stage protein content more than 34%, fatty 4%; Later stage can use small fish Substitute For Partial fish meal, protein content 30%, fat 6%, every morning 7 ~ 8 feed day bait amount 1/3, at 5 ~ 6 in afternoon feeds 2/3, each feeds 30 minutes, when general water temperature is 10 ~ 15 DEG C feeding volume percentage of liveweight 1.5% ~ 1.8%, when water temperature is 15 ~ 20 DEG C, Yuan feeds 2.0% ~ 2.5% of amount percentage of liveweight, and when water temperature rises to 20 ~ 30 DEG C, feeding volume is increased to 4% ~ 5% of percentage of liveweight; 3 grams of cobalt chlorides are added in carp feed per ton, in carp feed, add 3ppm copper, to the good facilitation of having grown of fish body, in carp feed, add the manganese of 13ppm, growth rate can be improved, prevent bone formation to be obstructed; In carp feed, add the iron of 80ppm, can ensure that Carp grows fast;
4. daily management
Mainly do a good job of it the regulation and control of water level and water quality: monthly water filling 1 time in 5-June, inject new water 20cm at every turn; The 7-9 month, every first quarter moon changed water 1 time, changed water 15cm at every turn, and the 7-9 month every 15 ~ 20d, with 10kg/667m 2the quicklime of left and right adds water and to be deployed into after solution full pool spilling head 1 time; Also will accomplish " four early ", namely early level fishpond, early put fingerling in a suitable place to breed, early bait throwing in is opened food and is early determined special messenger's pipe pool; " four see ", namely sees the active situation of fish, sees the change of water quality, sees weather condition, sees season at that time; " four is diligent ", namely duty patrols pool observation, and duty checks growth and the health condition of fish, and duty carries out clean, the pre-disease prevention in fishpond, is diligent in research; " four prevent ", namely prevent floating head, general pond, preventing and curing of fish disease, takes precautions against natural calamities, antitheft; " four is fixed ", namely bait throwing in is determined matter, quantitatively, regularly, is located." four disappear ", i.e. fingerling sterilization, bait is sterilized, and instrument is sterilized, and regularly sterilizes in food field;
5. disease control
Regularly in feed, add Chinese herbal medicine, photosynthetic bacteria, immune polysaccharide, B B-complex medicine; make bait feeding; body premunition can be strengthened; reduce the generation of disease; medicine that is efficient, low toxicity is selected in rice disease medication, and takes spray pattern to prevent and treat, new water of annotating in time after medication; guarantee the safety of yellow cartfish, insecticide.Splash with sulfuric acid ketone mixture of ferrous sulfate 0.7g/m3, better to Dactylogyrus, Trichodina desinsection, but can not overdose; Antibacterial anti-inflammatory agent.Available oral penicillin capsule, adds in pan feeding and feeds 3d continuously, and day feeds 2 times; Immersion 10min is concentrated to the sterilization of fish body 0.25% bleaching fluid or penicillin powder dilution.Above oral medicinal materials, preferably now joins existing feeding, joins and once feed 3d, must guard against and put for a long time.Mainly for the sick fish of bacteriological infection.Use C5H6Br2N2O2 0.3 ~ 0.4g/m3 full pool spilling head to the pond of hemorrhage, continuous 2 times, add anti-violence spirit or fish blood health in feed, addition is 4 ‰ ~ 5 ‰, connects and feeds 3 ~ 5 days.If throw something and feed, fish starches fish block, then adds the salt of 1%, and result for the treatment of is better.Control yellow cartfish fish disease should stop to use chlorophos medicament desinsection.

Claims (8)

1. a method for scale cage culture carp, comprises the following steps:
Fish pond is rebuild: pond is east-west, rectangle, its earth dyke is firm, water-tight, pond bottom flat, substrate is clay, about bottom sludge 15cm, enter draining convenient, dig out in discharge outlet bottom portion than other local dark about 20cm sizes, be convenient to use when draining is fished for adult fish, pond drainage mouth is installed 40 orders and is prevented escaping net, net cage selects polyethylene mesh sheet to make tank material, net cage is double-deck, specification 3.0m × 5.0m × 2.5m, internal layer mesh 3.5cm, outer mesh 4.0cm, the large mao bamboon colligation of net cage top surrounding, be fixed on the pile of tank tower corner by gang rope, with foamed plastics ball float or old metal bucket as buoyancy, framework anchor is fixed in waters, tie sandstone bag bottom net cage and make sinker, sinker weight is strengthened in corner, make the abundant flare up tetragonal body of net cage, net cage enters water 2m, surface 0.5m, jump out outside case for preventing fish, a cover net is stitched above net cage, cover net bamboo pole is propped up, in order to avoid dent into water to affect ingesting of fish in case, before fingerling cartonning, 7d installs net cage, allow periphtic algae on etting, injured to rub after reducing the cartonning of fish body,
Seed is thrown in: put selection of time in a suitable place to breed in the 5-6 month, about the carp fingerling 100-200 tail of 30g/ tail thrown in by every net cage, and about flower silver carp 200 tail of 50g/ tail of arranging in pairs or groups, fingerling of putting should require neat specification, lovely luster, body surface smooth, anosis nothing is hindered, fin is healthy and strong without incompleteness, physique;
Bait feeding: arrange 2 ~ 3 food platforms, and carry out taming and dociling food, makes the shoal of fish concentratedly to fixed location rob food in the set time, before cabrage 20g, mixes powdery compound feed with the flesh of fish, adds water to pinch into bulk and throw something and feed; Cabrage 20 ~ 50g, the manufactured feed of throw something and feed particle diameter 1.5mm, crude protein content 35% ~ 40%; More than cabrage 50g, changes the manufactured feed throwing particle diameter 2.5mm, crude protein content about 30%, batching is fish meal, meat and bone meal, blood meal, dregs of beans, the dish dregs of rice, dry worm for fishing coordinate with feed addictive, early stage protein content more than 34%, fatty 4%; Later stage is with small fish Substitute For Partial fish meal, protein content 30%, fat 6%, every morning 7 ~ 8 feed day bait amount 1/3, at 5 ~ 6 in afternoon feeds 2/3, each feeds 30 minutes, when water temperature is 10 ~ 15 DEG C feeding volume percentage of liveweight 1.5% ~ 1.8%, when water temperature is 15 ~ 20 DEG C feeding volume percentage of liveweight 2.0% ~ 2.5%, when water temperature rises to 20 ~ 30 DEG C, feeding volume is increased to 4% ~ 5% of percentage of liveweight; In carp feed per ton, add 3 grams of cobalt chlorides, in carp feed, add 3ppm copper, to the good facilitation of having grown of fish body, in carp feed, add the manganese of 13ppm, growth rate can be improved, prevent bone formation to be obstructed; In carp feed, add the iron of 80ppm, can ensure that Carp grows fast;
Daily management: the regulation and control mainly doing a good job of it water level and water quality: monthly water filling 1 time in 5-June, injects new water 20cm at every turn; The 7-9 month, every first quarter moon changed water 1 time, changed water 15cm at every turn, and the 7-9 month every 15 ~ 20d, with 10kg/667m 2the quicklime of left and right adds water and to be deployed into after solution full pool spilling head 1 time; Also will accomplish " four early ", namely early level fishpond, early put fingerling in a suitable place to breed, early bait throwing in is opened food and is early determined special messenger's pipe pool; " four see ", namely sees the active situation of fish, sees the change of water quality, sees weather condition, sees season at that time; " four is diligent ", namely duty patrols pool observation, and duty checks growth and the health condition of fish, and duty carries out clean, the pre-disease prevention in fishpond, is diligent in research; " four prevent ", namely prevent floating head, general pond, preventing and curing of fish disease, takes precautions against natural calamities, antitheft; " four is fixed ", namely bait throwing in is determined matter, quantitatively, regularly, is located; " four disappear ", i.e. fingerling sterilization, bait is sterilized, and instrument is sterilized, and regularly sterilizes in food field;
Disease control: regularly add Chinese herbal medicine, photosynthetic bacteria, immune polysaccharide, B B-complex medicine in feed, make bait feeding, body premunition can be strengthened, reduce the generation of disease, medicine that is efficient, low toxicity is selected in rice disease medication, and take spray pattern to prevent and treat, new water of annotating in time after medication, guarantees the safety of carp.
2. the method for scale cage culture carp according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described disease control, and insecticide sulfuric acid ketone mixture of ferrous sulfate 0.7g/m 3splash, to Dactylogyrus, Trichodina desinsection better, but can not overdose.
3. the method for scale cage culture carp according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described disease control, antibacterial anti-inflammatory agent oral penicillin capsule, adds in pan feeding and feed 3d continuously, and day feeds 2 times; Immersion 10min is concentrated to the sterilization of fish body 0.25% bleaching fluid or penicillin powder dilution.
4. the method for scale cage culture carp according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described oral medicinal materials, now joins existing feeding, joins and once feed 3d, must guard against and put for a long time.
5. the method for the scale cage culture carp according to Claims 2 or 3, is characterized in that, mainly for the sick fish of bacteriological infection.
6. the method for scale cage culture carp according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described disease control, for the pond of hemorrhage, uses C5H6Br2N2O2 0.3 ~ 0.4g/m 3full pool spilling head, continuous 2 times, add anti-violence spirit or fish blood health in feed, addition is 4 ‰ ~ 5 ‰, connects and feeds 3 ~ 5 days.
7. the method for scale cage culture carp according to claim 6, is characterized in that, for the pond of hemorrhage, and fish of throwing something and feeding slurry fish block, then add the salt of 1%, result for the treatment of is better.
8. the method for scale cage culture carp according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described disease control, controls carp fish disease and should stop to use chlorophos medicament desinsection.
CN201310237281.8A 2013-06-17 2013-06-17 Method for breeding carps in large-scale net cages Expired - Fee Related CN103314898B (en)

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CN103688887B (en) * 2013-12-18 2015-10-07 华中农业大学 A kind of yellow cartfish opening seedling directly cultivates the method for large size fingerling in ordinary pond
CN103749368B (en) * 2014-02-11 2015-07-29 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 A kind of method of carp pairing breeding seed
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