CN103314894A - Method for breeding bluefin tunas in net cages - Google Patents
Method for breeding bluefin tunas in net cages Download PDFInfo
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- CN103314894A CN103314894A CN2013102369957A CN201310236995A CN103314894A CN 103314894 A CN103314894 A CN 103314894A CN 2013102369957 A CN2013102369957 A CN 2013102369957A CN 201310236995 A CN201310236995 A CN 201310236995A CN 103314894 A CN103314894 A CN 103314894A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 241000269838 Thunnus thynnus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 235000019688 fish Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 241000252234 Hypophthalmichthys nobilis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000269908 Platichthys flesus Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000218682 Pseudolarix amabilis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000700141 Rotifera Species 0.000 claims description 3
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000001397 quillaja saponaria molina bark Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930182490 saponin Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 3
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
Disclosed is a method for breeding bluefin tunas in net cages. Water is clean, the depth of a pond is 2.0-2.5m, the pH (potential of hydrogen) value of the pond is 7.0-8.5, the net cages are made of polyethylene meshes, adult bluefin tunas are thrown into the pond with the temperature of 15-20 DEG C in the early morning from the middle of March to the middle of April, 10-12cm 2250-3000 silver carp fingerlings and 375 spotted silver carps are intercropped per hm<2>, compound feed is combined with animal feed, the crude protein content of the compound feed is 35%, the animal feed mainly includes fresh or frozen silver carps, carps, miscellaneous fishes and animal livers, more animal feed is fed, and both the animal feed and the compound feed are fed by 1-4% of the weight of the bluefin tunas.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for aquaculture, especially a kind of method of bluefin tuna cage culture.
Background technology
Bluefin tuna (Bluefin Tuna) is fingerling largest in the Tuna--like Fishes.The body that health is short and solid, taper is elongated, tail fin becomes cross-like; The body bottom is bright to the color of side, and upper body then is navy blue, and fin is deep dark, and finlet then is to present little yellow, and the caudal peduncle protruded ridge is black.Whole body is by squama, and mouth is quite large, and eye is little, and pectoral fin is short, terminal central authorities less than first dorsal, and this is the maximum characteristics of this kind.Long general 1-3 meters of body, large person reaches more than 3 meters more than 700 kilogram of body weight.
Bluefin tuna also has the above shoal of fish of 1000 tails often with 50-60 tails in groups.Perch water layer from top layer to 50 meter deep layer, 10-20 ℃ of optimum water temperatures, bait is take catfish, sardine, mackerel, squid and shell-fish as main, because the industry development time is short, the practitioner is uneven, exist at present distinct issues to be that culture diseases increases, medication is lack of standardization even minority unit's abuse forbidden drug is arranged, to such an extent as to the phenomenon of non-conformity article fish listing occurs.Become the bottleneck of restriction bluefin tuna production and sales by the exceed standard quality security problem that causes of aquatic products medicament residue.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of method of bluefin tuna cage culture is provided, broken through the key technology bottleneck of bluefin tuna net cage.
According to technical scheme provided by the invention, a kind of method of bluefin tuna cage culture may further comprise the steps:
(1) breeding environment: cultivating the pond is circle or square water mud sump, area 12 ~ 20m2, dark 0. 7 ~ 1. 0 m; The intermediate rearing pond is circle or square water mud sump, area 30 ~ 50 m2, and dark 0. 8 ~ 1. 0 m in pond require water circulation and dirt eliminating function good; Water quality is transparent, limpid, does not contain the harmful heavy metal ion, and sulphide is no more than 0.02mg/L, and total coliform count is less than 5000/L, and salinity is more than 20; Illumination: 500lx ~ 1500lx, even, soft, not dazzling; Water temperature: 15 ℃ ~ 18 ℃; Salinity: suitable salinity is 25 ~ 30; PH maintains between 7.6 ~ 8.2; Dissolved oxygen: greater than 6 m g/L; Net cage selects the polythene net sheet to make tank material, net cage is double-deck, specification 6.0m * 10.0m * 6m, internal layer mesh 3.5cm, outer mesh 4.0cm with large mao bamboon colligation, is fixed on gang rope on the pile of four jiaos of tank towers around the net cage top, also available foamed plastics ball float or old metal bucket are as buoyancy, framework is fixed in the waters with anchor, and the net cage bottom is tied the sandstone bag and made sinker, and four jiaos are strengthened sinker weight, make the abundant flare up tetragonal body of net cage, net cage entry 2m, the 0.5m that surfaces jumps out outside the case for preventing fish, seam one cover net above the net cage, cover net will be propped up with bamboo pole, in order to avoid the depression entry affects ingesting of the interior fish of case, 7d installs net cage before the fingerling cartonning, allow periphtic algae on the etting, to reduce the hatching of the injured fertilized egg of friction after the cartonning of fish body:
(2) seed is thrown in: put selection of time in a suitable place to breed in the 5-6 month, general every net cage can be thrown in about the fingerling 100-200 tail of 30g/ tail, and about flower silver carp 200 tails of the 50g/ tail of can arranging in pairs or groups, the fingerling of putting should require neat specification, lovely luster, body surface smooth, anosis without hinder, fin without incomplete, physique is healthy and strong;
(3) feeding method: get the way that manufactured feed and feed of animal origin combine, throw in and tame and docile the food feed, composed of the following components by weight: fresh or freezing wild fishes 10-12 part, animal's liver 8-10 part, lupulus 2-3, Tea Saponin 3-5, frutus cnidii 2-3, fructus ulmi 3-4, Golden Larch Bark 1-2 part; 1-4% by body weight throws something and feeds; The manufactured feed particle diameter is respectively 250 ~ 400,400 ~ 600,800 mm, and requiring manufactured feed day throwing amount is 5% ~ 15% of fish body weight; The feed granules size is agreeable to the taste, throws something and feeds in time, should lack throwing, the diligent throwing; Quantity of exchanged water is 8 ~ 10 times/d; The fish feeding volume of 3 grams～1000 gram body weight is 6%～0.4%, should increase the number of times of throwing something and feeding in the seed phase as far as possible, throws something and feeds every day 6 times～10 times, reduces gradually later on the number of times of throwing something and feeding along with growth; Long to about 100 grams, throw something and feed every day 4 times; Long to about 300 grams, throw something and feed every day 2 times～3 times; Long to 500 grams, throw something and feed every day 2 times; Long more than 500 grams, throw something and feed every day 1 time～2 times; In the high water temperature phase in summer, to throw something and feed every day 1 time, or threw something and fed 1 time in 2 days～3 days, daily ration, feeding quantity is controlled at 50%～60% of the amount of being satiated with food; Number of times is raised in throwing and rate is raised in throwing;
(4) disease prevention and cure: breeding water is through strictly filtering or disinfect to guarantee water cleaning; Reduce cultivation density, strengthen quantity of exchanged water, in time the clear end of soil pick-up and the dead fry of removing; Use composite antibiosis element " happy No. two of flounder seedling " 5 * 10
-6Throw something and feed wheel animalcule or halogen worm makes it to carry medicine and becomes " property of medicine biological feed ", collects the fry of throwing something and feeding behind 5 ~ 6 h; With " happy No. two of flounder seedling " 5 * 10
-6Full pool spilling head carries out dipping, processes continuously 3 d, and dipping time every day is more than 8 h; The fin rot method of preventing and treating comprises: reduce cultivation density, to improve premunition, reduce the morbidity chance; Strengthen soil pick-up, strengthen quantity of exchanged water, with cleaning and good water quality at the bottom of the maintenance pond; Divide the pond, careful operation and carrying prevent scratch in good time; The easy level of fin rot infects, and finds that the disease fish should isolate as early as possible, bury or burning disposal; When minute pond and disease generation, use " happy No. two of flounder " carries out oral and dipping is processed.Oral dose 2 ~ 5 g/ kg feeds, twice, 5 ~ 7 d that throw something and feed every day are a course for the treatment of; Dipping is then with 10 * 10
-6Dosage, soak 8 h every day, process continuously 3 d.Adopt method of the present invention to carry out scientific, the raising that becomes more meticulous, effect of increasing production is obvious in the short time, the life rate is high, be fit to industrialization develops on a large scale.
Embodiment
Below will be described in detail the preferred embodiments of the present invention; Should be appreciated that preferred embodiment only for the present invention is described, rather than in order to limit protection scope of the present invention.
A kind of method of bluefin tuna cage culture may further comprise the steps:
(1) breeding environment: cultivating the pond is circle or square water mud sump, area 12 ~ 20m2, dark 0. 7 ~ 1. 0 m; The intermediate rearing pond is circle or square water mud sump, area 30 ~ 50 m2, and dark 0. 8 ~ 1. 0 m in pond require water circulation and dirt eliminating function good; Water quality is transparent, limpid, does not contain the harmful heavy metal ion, and sulphide is no more than 0.02mg/L, and total coliform count is less than 5000/L, and salinity is more than 20; Illumination: 500lx ~ 1500lx, even, soft, not dazzling; Water temperature: 15 ℃ ~ 18 ℃; Salinity: suitable salinity is 25 ~ 30; PH maintains between 7.6 ~ 8.2; Dissolved oxygen: greater than 6 m g/L; Net cage selects the polythene net sheet to make tank material, net cage is double-deck, specification 6.0m * 10.0m * 6m, internal layer mesh 3.5cm, outer mesh 4.0cm with large mao bamboon colligation, is fixed on gang rope on the pile of four jiaos of tank towers around the net cage top, also available foamed plastics ball float or old metal bucket are as buoyancy, framework is fixed in the waters with anchor, and the net cage bottom is tied the sandstone bag and made sinker, and four jiaos are strengthened sinker weight, make the abundant flare up tetragonal body of net cage, net cage entry 2m, the 0.5m that surfaces jumps out outside the case for preventing fish, seam one cover net above the net cage, cover net will be propped up with bamboo pole, in order to avoid the depression entry affects ingesting of the interior fish of case, 7d installs net cage before the fingerling cartonning, allow periphtic algae on the etting, to reduce the hatching of the injured fertilized egg of friction after the cartonning of fish body:
(2) seed is thrown in: put selection of time in a suitable place to breed in the 5-6 month, general every net cage can be thrown in about the yellow cartfish kind 100-200 tail of 30g/ tail, and about flower silver carp 200 tails of the 50g/ tail of can arranging in pairs or groups, the fingerling of putting should require neat specification, lovely luster, body surface smooth, anosis without hinder, fin without incomplete, physique is healthy and strong;
(3) feeding method: get the way that manufactured feed and feed of animal origin combine, throw in and tame and docile the food feed, composed of the following components by weight: fresh or freezing wild fishes 10-12 part, animal's liver 8-10 part, lupulus 2-3, Tea Saponin 3-5, frutus cnidii 2-3, fructus ulmi 3-4, Golden Larch Bark 1-2 part; 1-4% by body weight throws something and feeds; The manufactured feed particle diameter is respectively 250 ~ 400,400 ~ 600,800 mm, and requiring manufactured feed day throwing amount is 5% ~ 15% of fish body weight; The feed granules size is agreeable to the taste, throws something and feeds in time, should lack throwing, the diligent throwing; Quantity of exchanged water is 8 ~ 10 times/d; The fish feeding volume of 3 grams～1000 gram body weight is 6%～0.4%, should increase the number of times of throwing something and feeding in the seed phase as far as possible, throws something and feeds every day 6 times～10 times, reduces gradually later on the number of times of throwing something and feeding along with growth; Long to about 100 grams, throw something and feed every day 4 times; Long to about 300 grams, throw something and feed every day 2 times～3 times; Long to 500 grams, throw something and feed every day 2 times; Long more than 500 grams, throw something and feed every day 1 time～2 times; In the high water temperature phase in summer, to throw something and feed every day 1 time, or threw something and fed 1 time in 2 days～3 days, daily ration, feeding quantity is controlled at 50%～60% of the amount of being satiated with food; Number of times is raised in throwing and rate is raised in throwing;
(4) disease prevention and cure: breeding water is through strictly filtering or disinfect to guarantee water cleaning; Reduce cultivation density, strengthen quantity of exchanged water, in time the clear end of soil pick-up and the dead fry of removing; Use composite antibiosis element " happy No. two of flounder seedling " 5 * 10
-6Throw something and feed wheel animalcule or halogen worm makes it to carry medicine and becomes " property of medicine biological feed ", collects the fry of throwing something and feeding behind 5 ~ 6 h; With " happy No. two of flounder seedling " 5 * 10
-6Full pool spilling head carries out dipping, processes continuously 3 d, and dipping time every day is more than 8 h; The fin rot method of preventing and treating comprises: reduce cultivation density, to improve premunition, reduce the morbidity chance; Strengthen soil pick-up, strengthen quantity of exchanged water, with cleaning and good water quality at the bottom of the maintenance pond; Divide the pond, careful operation and carrying prevent scratch in good time; The easy level of fin rot infects, and finds that the disease fish should isolate as early as possible, bury or burning disposal; When minute pond and disease generation, use " happy No. two of flounder " carries out oral and dipping is processed.Oral dose 2 ~ 5 g/ kg feeds, twice, 5 ~ 7 d that throw something and feed every day are a course for the treatment of; Dipping is then with 10 * 10
-6Dosage, soak 8 h every day, process continuously 3 d.
Through budget, the fry that this fry is cultivated than usual increases by 1 yuan/tail, and survival rate of fish fry is high, reaches 35%, has improved 11% than general cultivations factory, and the absolute growth rate that this method and conventional method group fish body body are grown is respectively 0.42mmd
-1And 0.43mmd
-1, the weight absolute growth rate is respectively 0.04gd
-10.032 gd
-1, visible this method can promote the bluefin tuna growth.
Claims (2)
1. the method for a bluefin tuna cage culture may further comprise the steps:
(1) breeding environment: cultivating the pond is circle or square water mud sump, area 12 ~ 20m2, dark 0. 7 ~ 1. 0 m; The intermediate rearing pond is circle or square water mud sump, area 30 ~ 50 m2, and dark 0. 8 ~ 1. 0 m in pond require water circulation and dirt eliminating function good; Water quality is transparent, limpid, does not contain the harmful heavy metal ion, and sulphide is no more than 0.02mg/L, and total coliform count is less than 5000/L, and salinity is more than 20; Illumination: 500lx ~ 1500lx, even, soft, not dazzling; Water temperature: 15 ℃ ~ 18 ℃; Salinity: suitable salinity is 25 ~ 30; PH maintains between 7.6 ~ 8.2; Dissolved oxygen: greater than 6 m g/L; Net cage selects the polythene net sheet to make tank material, net cage is double-deck, specification 6.0m * 10.0m * 6m, internal layer mesh 3.5cm, outer mesh 4.0cm with large mao bamboon colligation, is fixed on gang rope on the pile of four jiaos of tank towers around the net cage top, also available foamed plastics ball float or old metal bucket are as buoyancy, framework is fixed in the waters with anchor, and the net cage bottom is tied the sandstone bag and made sinker, and four jiaos are strengthened sinker weight, make the abundant flare up tetragonal body of net cage, net cage entry 2m, the 0.5m that surfaces jumps out outside the case for preventing fish, seam one cover net above the net cage, cover net will be propped up with bamboo pole, in order to avoid the depression entry affects ingesting of the interior fish of case, 7d installs net cage before the fingerling cartonning, allow periphtic algae on the etting, to reduce the hatching of the injured fertilized egg of friction after the cartonning of fish body:
(2) seed is thrown in: put selection of time in a suitable place to breed in the 5-6 month, general every net cage can be thrown in about the fingerling 100-200 tail of 30g/ tail, and about flower silver carp 200 tails of the 50g/ tail of can arranging in pairs or groups, the fingerling of putting should require neat specification, lovely luster, body surface smooth, anosis without hinder, fin without incomplete, physique is healthy and strong;
(3) feeding method: get the way that manufactured feed and feed of animal origin combine, throw in and tame and docile the food feed, composed of the following components by weight: fresh or freezing wild fishes 10-12 part, animal's liver 8-10 part, lupulus 2-3, Tea Saponin 3-5, frutus cnidii 2-3, fructus ulmi 3-4, Golden Larch Bark 1-2 part; 1-4% by body weight throws something and feeds; The manufactured feed particle diameter is respectively 250 ~ 400,400 ~ 600,800 mm, and requiring manufactured feed day throwing amount is 5% ~ 15% of fish body weight; The feed granules size is agreeable to the taste, throws something and feeds in time, should lack throwing, the diligent throwing; Quantity of exchanged water is 8 ~ 10 times/d; The fish feeding volume of 3 grams～1000 gram body weight is 6%～0.4%, should increase the number of times of throwing something and feeding in the seed phase as far as possible, throws something and feeds every day 6 times～10 times, reduces gradually later on the number of times of throwing something and feeding along with growth; Long to about 100 grams, throw something and feed every day 4 times; Long to about 300 grams, throw something and feed every day 2 times～3 times; Long to 500 grams, throw something and feed every day 2 times; Long more than 500 grams, throw something and feed every day 1 time～2 times; In the high water temperature phase in summer, to throw something and feed every day 1 time, or threw something and fed 1 time in 2 days～3 days, daily ration, feeding quantity is controlled at 50%～60% of the amount of being satiated with food; Number of times is raised in throwing and rate is raised in throwing;
(4) disease prevention and cure: breeding water is through strictly filtering or disinfect to guarantee water cleaning; Reduce cultivation density, strengthen quantity of exchanged water, in time the clear end of soil pick-up and the dead fry of removing; Use composite antibiosis element " happy No. two of flounder seedling " 5 * 10
-6Throw something and feed wheel animalcule or halogen worm makes it to carry medicine and becomes " property of medicine biological feed ", collects the fry of throwing something and feeding behind 5 ~ 6 h; With " happy No. two of flounder seedling " 5 * 10
-6Full pool spilling head carries out dipping, processes continuously 3 d, and dipping time every day is more than 8 h; The fin rot method of preventing and treating comprises: reduce cultivation density, to improve premunition, reduce the morbidity chance; Strengthen soil pick-up, strengthen quantity of exchanged water, with cleaning and good water quality at the bottom of the maintenance pond; Divide the pond, careful operation and carrying prevent scratch in good time; The easy level of fin rot infects, and finds that the disease fish should isolate as early as possible, bury or burning disposal; When minute pond and disease generation, use " happy No. two of flounder " carries out oral and dipping is processed.
2. oral dose 2 ~ 5 g/ kg feeds, twice, 5 ~ 7 d that throw something and feed every day are a course for the treatment of; Dipping is then with 10 * 10
-6Dosage, soak 8 h every day, process continuously 3 d.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103478050A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-01-01 | 苏州市相城区盛胡特种养殖专业合作社 | Method for breeding bluefin tuna by nano slow-release carrier feeds |
| CN103478503A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-01-01 | 苏州市相城区盛胡特种养殖专业合作社 | Special nano slow-release fish guano for silver carps and preparation method thereof |
| CN103503810A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-01-15 | 苏州市相城区盛胡特种养殖专业合作社 | Method for artificial cultivation of Songjiang perches by utilization of nano-porous materials |
| CN103503811A (en) * | 2013-10-15 | 2014-01-15 | 苏州市相城区盛胡特种养殖专业合作社 | Method for feeding myxocyprinus asiaticus by adoption of nano controlled-release feed |
| CN103563803A (en) * | 2013-10-17 | 2014-02-12 | 苏州市阳澄湖渔业科技中心有限公司 | Feeding method of reducing disease and insect pest occurrence of stichopus japonicus |
| CN103651217A (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2014-03-26 | 苏州市阳澄湖现代农业发展有限公司 | Traditional Chinese medicine additive taming food conversion method for adult channel catfish |
| CN105494209A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-04-20 | 黄群好 | Method for cage culture of bluefin tuna |
| CN116267735A (en) * | 2023-02-24 | 2023-06-23 | 海南昌江元道养殖有限公司 | A kind of fish culture system based on deep water net cage |
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| JP3012485B2 (en) * | 1995-05-25 | 2000-02-21 | 壽 市原 | Firefly aquaculture equipment |
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| CN105494209A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-04-20 | 黄群好 | Method for cage culture of bluefin tuna |
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