CN103503811A - Method for feeding myxocyprinus asiaticus by adoption of nano controlled-release feed - Google Patents
Method for feeding myxocyprinus asiaticus by adoption of nano controlled-release feed Download PDFInfo
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- CN103503811A CN103503811A CN201310479532.3A CN201310479532A CN103503811A CN 103503811 A CN103503811 A CN 103503811A CN 201310479532 A CN201310479532 A CN 201310479532A CN 103503811 A CN103503811 A CN 103503811A
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Abstract
Provided is a method for feeding myxocyprinus asiaticus by the adoption of nano controlled-release feed. A cultivating pool is a circular or square cement pool, the area of the cultivating pool is 12-20m<2>, and the depth of the cultivating pool is 0.7-1m; the method needs to meet the requirements for good water circulation and pollution discharge functions; water is transparent and clear and does not contain harmful heavy metal ions, water of 70-100cm depth flows into the pool for the first time, dbdmh of 0.3mg/L is used for disinfecting the water, and healthy individuals without disease are chosen to be placed in the cultivating pool. By the adoption of the method, scientific and refined feeding is carried out, the yield-increasing effect is obvious and survival rate is high within a short time, and the method is suitable for industrialized and large-scale development.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for aquaculture, especially a kind of method that adopts nano controlled-release forage feed mullet.
Background technology
Mullet (Myxocyprinus asiaticus) belongs to Cypriniformes, Catostomidae, Myxocyprinus.Be commonly called as: burn bream, yellow row, wooden leaf dish, snapper, purple bream, brambling fish, blood row, powder row.Distribute: the ground such as the Changjiang river, Jinsha jiang River.Habitat: live in lake, river, the young and adult, come in every shape, habitat and biological habit are not quite similar, and juvenile fish happiness cluster is between the more slow gravel of current, and multi-activity is in water body upper strata, subadult Ze Zhong lower floor, adult is liked in the spacious pool of rivers, and its action is quick rapidly.Predation and food: staple food invertebrate and insect larvae, also absorb water the organic substance at the end, on the water-bed gravel of being also everlasting, suck diatom and the phytoclasts adhering to.Recognition feature and habit: height and flat-sided, be rhomboid, head point is and short and small, young, and pachychilia is sucker shape to turning up, dorsal fin Gao Erchang, adult fish side axis has 1 carminate line of indulging, milter bright-colored, raun is faint in color.Raun is generally pure and fresh in water quality, and oxygen content is high, and water level and water temperature are bred in more stable torrent shoal, and the 3-4 month lays eggs.Ovum is light yellow, and viscosity sticks on water-bed gravel or algae, at 16-18 ℃.Suitable water temperature under within 7-8 days, can hatch juvenile fish.The features such as it is large that mullet has build, and growth is fast, and meat is thick, delicious.These piscinity feelings are docile, and vitality is strong, and feeding habits are extensively the ideal objects in aquaculture, and the young is good pet fish.Grade in imminent danger: easily endanger.China national II level saves the wild animals.By mullet resources development and utilization early, lack again scientific management, over nearly 10 years, this stock number obviously reduces, and catching intensity increases again, and output also almost no longer increases, and causes on the contrary decline in benefits.At present, the natural resources of mullet can not meet market demand, carries out the artificial breeding of mullet, and carrying out releases breeds and propagate artificially is the effective way of dealing with problems.The domestic research that mullet is grown seedlings is less.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of method that adopts nano controlled-release forage feed mullet is provided.
A method that adopts nano controlled-release forage feed mullet, comprises the following steps:
(1) breeding environment: cultivating pond is circle or square water mud sump, area 12 ~ 20m
2, dark 0. 7 ~ 1. 0 m; Require water circulation and dirt eliminating function good; Water quality is transparent, limpid, and or not containing harmful heavy metal ion, sulphide is not no more than 0.02mg/L, and total coliform count is less than 5000/L, and salinity is 21～28, and adds EDTA3. 0* 10
-6, add terramycin 2. 0* 10 simultaneously
-6or furazolidone 1. 0* 10
-6pre-anti-bacteria; If there is trash fish, with 35mg/L tea bran, kill; If there is assorted shrimp, with 2.5mg/L trichlorphon, kill.High-order pond or ground membrane cisterna, with the sterilization of 0.4mg/L C5H6Br2N2O2, illumination: 500lx ~ 1500lx is even, soft, not dazzling; Water temperature: 15 ℃ ~ 18 ℃; PH maintains between 7.6 ~ 8.2; Dissolved oxygen: be greater than 6 m g/L; Grow seedlings water after sand filtration, then after 200 order mesh bags filter, use the white door curtain made of cloth of shading, 5, the every pond of gas exhausting stone; Net cage selects 3 * 2,3 * 4 polyethylene to manufacture without joint net sheet without joint net sheet or pure white spun yarn, cage size is 3 meters * 2 meters * 1.5 meters, 2 meters * 2 meters * 1.5 meters, net cage density of setting is the 1/3-1/2 of total water surface, net cage underwater penetration 50-80 centimetre, and freeboard is not less than 50 centimetres; Fixing timber and the iron wire of adopting of net cage, also can use bamboo pole, exaggerated tightening, infraclass is loose, put kind of a front 7-10 days, water soaking under net cage, makes its periphtic algae, rubs injured while avoiding yellow eel cartonning, in eel case, to transplant the pasture and water such as water peanut, timothy, its area coverage reaches 90% left and right of net cage area, before pasture and water inlet, with 2-3% salt or 10ppm bleaching powder, pasture and water is carried out to soaking disinfection, removes leech;
(2) in the 3 early mornings middle of the month in the middle of the month to 4, now water temperature is 15～20 ℃, its stocking rate is 16 500～19 500 tails/hm2, simultaneously, cover is supported filter-feeding fish to control planktonic breeding amount and regulating water quality, as overlapped silver carp fingerling 2 250～3 000 tails/hm2, the variegated carp 375 tails/hm2 that supports 10～12cm; Fingerling inlet sterilization: fingerling is through long-distance transport, and body surface exists injured in various degree, and soaking disinfection is very necessary, common disinfecting drug salt and potassium permanganate, the saline solution with 4% soaks 20～30 minutes or soaks 15～20 minutes with 20g/m3 potassium permanganate;
(3) parent fish rearing feed with throw something and feed: get the way that manufactured feed and feed of animal origin combine, throw in and tame and docile food feed, composed of the following components by weight: fresh or freezing wild fishes 10-18 part, animal's liver 8-10 part, lupulus 2-3 part, Chinese Stellera Root 1-1.5 part, lupulus 0.5-1.0 Fen, South America wedelia chinensis 1.0-2.0 part, nano controlled-release carrier 2.0-2.5 part;
The preparation method of described nano controlled-release carrier is:
(a) silicon hydroxyapatite, concave convex rod, hydrotalcite, imvite, titanium dioxide, calcite, kaolin are mixed according to the mass fraction proportioning of 35-45:10-15: 10-15:8-10:8-10:7-8:5-7, join in the mixed solution of 230 parts of methyl-sulfoxides (DMSO) and 50 parts of methyl alcohol, in 65 ℃, stir 60 hours, filter, and wash and remove excessive methyl-sulfoxide (DMSO) for 3 times with the hot ethanol of 60 ℃ of temperature, put into vacuum drying chamber, 60 ℃ of temperature, be dried 24 hours, grinding is sieved, and obtains modified composite one time;
(b) 1 part of modified composite, 15 parts of potassium acetates and 25 parts of distilled water are mixed, in temperature 50 C, stir more than 10 hours, in 30 ℃ of temperature, first under ultrasonic electric power 350W condition, disperse 3.5 hours, and then disperse 4 hours under ultrasonic electric power 250W condition.Filter, and wash 3 times with distillation, 80 ℃ of vacuum drying 24 hours, grinding is sieved, and obtains twice-modified compound; (c) above-mentioned 1 part of twice-modified compound is disperseed to 60min at 600W power ultrasonic, with constant temperature heating device, be heated to 90 ℃, and stir (1200r/min) 60 minutes with mechanical agitator; Obtain nano controlled-release carrier complexes; 4-8% by body weight throws something and feeds;
(4) throw something and feed number of times according to water temperature height, Changes in weather and determining, ordinary circumstance water temperature is high, weather is fine, throw something and feed every day 2～3 times, otherwise throw something and feed 1～2 time or do not feed, Feeding time ﹕ 00～8 ﹕ 00 in mornings 7, noon 1 ﹕ 00～2 ﹕ 00, afternoons 6 ﹕ 00～7 ﹕ 00, every case Feeding time must not be less than 40 minutes, evenly throw something and feed, the quantity of throwing something and feeding is according to water temperature height, fish body varies in size and determines, 25 ℃ of above feeding volumes of water temperature account for fish body weight 3%～4%, 20 ℃ of left and right feeding volumes of water temperature account for fish body weight 1%～2%, also will observe fish specifically eats food situation and determines simultaneously, feeding volume can not be eaten food because of fish just on the high side, easily cause fish indigestion, cause enteritis, feed coefficient also can be higher, altogether throw something and feed the whole year 258 tons, feed, every day in busy season is thrown something and fed at most 2 tons in growth,
(5) fish disease prevention and cure: fry, fingerling enter before the pool, strictly carry out the sterilization of fish body, that is: with 2%-4% saline solution dipping bath 5 m in, or 20mg/L (20 ℃) liquor potassic permanganate dipping bath 20-30min.Under fry, fingerling after the two weeks of the pool, with splash water body 1 time of 1-2 g/m3 bleaching powder (28% available chlorine), to kill the pathogenic microorganism in water.High temperature season, for strengthening the immunity of fish body, reduces the M & M of fish, can in feed, admix 5.00 g/ kg garlics or 0. 47g/kg allicin, adds appropriate salt to throw something and feed simultaneously, and general continuous 6 d are 1 course for the treatment of.While patrolling the pool, find that dead fish should pull out in time, be buried in the earth.In sick fishpond, used fishing gear will embathe sterilization, the saline solution dipping bath 5m in of available 2%-4%, or with the liquor potassic permanganate dipping bath 20-30 m in of 20mg/L (20 ℃).5-October, every first quarter moon, with 250 g bleaching powder, add water-solubleization, splash food and around, 3 d that splash continuously, when during the transhipment of fish body, the temperature difference can not surpass 3 ℃， ponds and change water, quantity of exchanged water is unsuitable excessive, in order to avoid fish body produces stress reaction, reduce the premunition of fish body: bacteriosis: thoroughly clear pond Yao filters the reasonable density of setting of reasonable bait throwing in Yao of Yao to water strict sterilization, and treatment is 2 ~ 3 mg/kg chloramphenicol or 3 ~ 5 mg/kg terramycin for measure institute, full pool spilling head, in young bait, deep pool is kidd and is added 1 g/kg terramycin or chloramphenicol as soya-bean milk Yao yolk, connects and feeds 3 d, with this full pool spilling head in 0.5 ~ 1.5 mg/kg nitrofurazone Yao furazolidone Yao furans, sprinkle continuously 3 d, with 2 ~ 3 mg/kg sulfasomizoles or sulphathiazole full pool spilling head, mycosis, cause of disease mainly contains chain vibrios Yao arc of recess bacterium Yao sea vibrios, and methods for the treatment of institute full pool spilling head peacock protects, general 1 time, with nystatin, full pool spilling head 1 ~ 2 time, use trefanocide full pool spilling head, echinid class balantidiasis, cause of disease mainly contains the singly tired branch of contracting worm Yao worm of campanularian Yao Zoothamnium Yao, swim slow Yao of symptom institute hinders Yao's decreased growth Yao that ingests to slough off not lower casing, finally sink dead, while preventing and treating the early detection of method institute, more renew rapidly water thoroughly, filamentous bacterial disease, cause of disease be take a Mucor appearance bacterium as common, after this bacterium of symptom institute adheres to, make ovum can not continue to grow, young vigor weakens, finally sink to the bottom death, the method institute of control should keep water quality peace and quiet, between nursery stage, also has the downright bad sick Yao baculoviral disease of abnormality disease deep pool seta wasting disease injustice Yao bubble illness Yao's mid intestinal gland etc.
Adopt method of the present invention to carry out scientific, the raising that becomes more meticulous, in the short time, effect of increasing production is obvious, life rate is high, be applicable to industrialization develops on a large scale.Utilize hydroxyapatite etc. itself to there is the character of loose structure, fertilizer components is adsorbed in the inner mesh of carrier, reach the object of slow release.Hydroxyapatite also has biodegradable characteristic, and gained catabolite is various trace elements ion, and these elements can be absorbed again.Nano controlled-release additive has good biocompatibility, gastrointestinal tract mucous compatibility, each component that makes it load has controlled-release function, through twice-modified nano-complex medicine carrying amount and adsorbing capacity, all improve a lot, fertilizer efficiency time lengthening is more than 3 months, effectively suppress the increment of animal pathogen, improve the producer's benefit.
Embodiment
Below will be described in detail the preferred embodiments of the present invention; Should be appreciated that preferred embodiment is only for the present invention is described, rather than in order to limit the scope of the invention.
A method that adopts nano controlled-release forage feed mullet, comprises the following steps:
(1) breeding environment: cultivating pond is circle or square water mud sump, area 12 ~ 20m2, dark 0. 7 ~ 1. 0 m; Require water circulation and dirt eliminating function good; Water quality is transparent, limpid, and or not containing harmful heavy metal ion, sulphide is not no more than 0.02mg/L, total coliform count is less than 5000/L, salinity is 21～28, and adds EDTA3. 0* 10-6, adds terramycin 2. 0* 10-6 or the pre-anti-bacteria of furazolidone 1. 0* 10-6 simultaneously; If there is trash fish, with 35mg/L tea bran, kill; If there is assorted shrimp, with 2.5mg/L trichlorphon, kill.High-order pond or ground membrane cisterna, with the sterilization of 0.4mg/L C5H6Br2N2O2, illumination: 500lx ~ 1500lx is even, soft, not dazzling; Water temperature: 15 ℃ ~ 18 ℃; PH maintains between 7.6 ~ 8.2; Dissolved oxygen: be greater than 6 m g/L; Grow seedlings water after sand filtration, then after 200 order mesh bags filter, use the white door curtain made of cloth of shading, 5, the every pond of gas exhausting stone; Net cage selects 3 * 2,3 * 4 polyethylene to manufacture without joint net sheet without joint net sheet or pure white spun yarn, cage size is 3 meters * 2 meters * 1.5 meters, 2 meters * 2 meters * 1.5 meters, net cage density of setting is the 1/3-1/2 of total water surface, net cage underwater penetration 50-80 centimetre, and freeboard is not less than 50 centimetres; Fixing timber and the iron wire of adopting of net cage, also can use bamboo pole, exaggerated tightening, infraclass is loose, put kind of a front 7-10 days, water soaking under net cage, makes its periphtic algae, rubs injured while avoiding yellow eel cartonning, in eel case, to transplant the pasture and water such as water peanut, timothy, its area coverage reaches 90% left and right of net cage area, before pasture and water inlet, with 2-3% salt or 10ppm bleaching powder, pasture and water is carried out to soaking disinfection, removes leech;
(2) in the 3 early mornings middle of the month in the middle of the month to 4, now water temperature is 15～20 ℃, its stocking rate is 16 500～19 500 tails/hm2, simultaneously, cover is supported filter-feeding fish to control planktonic breeding amount and regulating water quality, as overlapped silver carp fingerling 2 250～3 000 tails/hm2, the variegated carp 375 tails/hm2 that supports 10～12cm; Fingerling inlet sterilization: fingerling is through long-distance transport, and body surface exists injured in various degree, and soaking disinfection is very necessary, common disinfecting drug salt and potassium permanganate, the saline solution with 4% soaks 20～30 minutes or soaks 15～20 minutes with 20g/m3 potassium permanganate;
(3) parent fish rearing feed with throw something and feed: get the way that manufactured feed and feed of animal origin combine, throw in and tame and docile food feed, composed of the following components by weight: fresh or freezing wild fishes 10-18 part, animal's liver 8-10 part, lupulus 2-3 part, Chinese Stellera Root 1-1.5 part, lupulus 0.5-1.0 Fen, South America wedelia chinensis 1.0-2.0 part, nano controlled-release carrier 2.0-2.5 part;
The preparation method of described nano controlled-release carrier is:
(a) silicon hydroxyapatite, concave convex rod, hydrotalcite, imvite, titanium dioxide, calcite, kaolin are mixed according to the mass fraction proportioning of 35-45:10-15: 10-15:8-10:8-10:7-8:5-7, join in the mixed solution of 230 parts of methyl-sulfoxides (DMSO) and 50 parts of methyl alcohol, in 65 ℃, stir 60 hours, filter, and wash and remove excessive methyl-sulfoxide (DMSO) for 3 times with the hot ethanol of 60 ℃ of temperature, put into vacuum drying chamber, 60 ℃ of temperature, be dried 24 hours, grinding is sieved, and obtains modified composite one time;
(b) 1 part of modified composite, 15 parts of potassium acetates and 25 parts of distilled water are mixed, in temperature 50 C, stir more than 10 hours, in 30 ℃ of temperature, first under ultrasonic electric power 350W condition, disperse 3.5 hours, and then disperse 4 hours under ultrasonic electric power 250W condition.Filter, and wash 3 times with distillation, 80 ℃ of vacuum drying 24 hours, grinding is sieved, and obtains twice-modified compound; (c) above-mentioned 1 part of twice-modified compound is disperseed to 60min at 600W power ultrasonic, with constant temperature heating device, be heated to 90 ℃, and stir (1200r/min) 60 minutes with mechanical agitator; Obtain nano controlled-release carrier complexes; 4-8% by body weight throws something and feeds;
(4) throw something and feed number of times according to water temperature height, Changes in weather and determining, ordinary circumstance water temperature is high, weather is fine, throw something and feed every day 2～3 times, otherwise throw something and feed 1～2 time or do not feed, Feeding time ﹕ 00～8 ﹕ 00 in mornings 7, noon 1 ﹕ 00～2 ﹕ 00, afternoons 6 ﹕ 00～7 ﹕ 00, every case Feeding time must not be less than 40 minutes, evenly throw something and feed, the quantity of throwing something and feeding is according to water temperature height, fish body varies in size and determines, 25 ℃ of above feeding volumes of water temperature account for fish body weight 3%～4%, 20 ℃ of left and right feeding volumes of water temperature account for fish body weight 1%～2%, also will observe fish specifically eats food situation and determines simultaneously, feeding volume can not be eaten food because of fish just on the high side, easily cause fish indigestion, cause enteritis, feed coefficient also can be higher, altogether throw something and feed the whole year 258 tons, feed, every day in busy season is thrown something and fed at most 2 tons in growth,
(5) fish disease prevention and cure: fry, fingerling enter before the pool, strictly carry out the sterilization of fish body, that is: with 2%-4% saline solution dipping bath 5 m in, or 20mg/L (20 ℃) liquor potassic permanganate dipping bath 20-30min.Under fry, fingerling after the two weeks of the pool, with splash water body 1 time of 1-2 g/m3 bleaching powder (28% available chlorine), to kill the pathogenic microorganism in water.High temperature season, for strengthening the immunity of fish body, reduces the M & M of fish, can in feed, admix 5.00 g/ kg garlics or 0. 47g/kg allicin, adds appropriate salt to throw something and feed simultaneously, and general continuous 6 d are 1 course for the treatment of.While patrolling the pool, find that dead fish should pull out in time, be buried in the earth.In sick fishpond, used fishing gear will embathe sterilization, the saline solution dipping bath 5m in of available 2%-4%, or with the liquor potassic permanganate dipping bath 20-30 m in of 20mg/L (20 ℃).5-October, every first quarter moon, with 250 g bleaching powder, add water-solubleization, splash food and around, 3 d that splash continuously, when during the transhipment of fish body, the temperature difference can not surpass 3 ℃， ponds and change water, quantity of exchanged water is unsuitable excessive, in order to avoid fish body produces stress reaction, reduce the premunition of fish body: bacteriosis: thoroughly clear pond Yao filters the reasonable density of setting of reasonable bait throwing in Yao of Yao to water strict sterilization, and treatment is 2 ~ 3 mg/kg chloramphenicol or 3 ~ 5 mg/kg terramycin for measure institute, full pool spilling head, in young bait, deep pool is kidd and is added 1 g/kg terramycin or chloramphenicol as soya-bean milk Yao yolk, connects and feeds 3 d, with this full pool spilling head in 0.5 ~ 1.5 mg/kg nitrofurazone Yao furazolidone Yao furans, sprinkle continuously 3 d, with 2 ~ 3 mg/kg sulfasomizoles or sulphathiazole full pool spilling head, mycosis, cause of disease mainly contains chain vibrios Yao arc of recess bacterium Yao sea vibrios, and methods for the treatment of institute full pool spilling head peacock protects, general 1 time, with nystatin, full pool spilling head 1 ~ 2 time, use trefanocide full pool spilling head, echinid class balantidiasis, cause of disease mainly contains the singly tired branch of contracting worm Yao worm of campanularian Yao Zoothamnium Yao, swim slow Yao of symptom institute hinders Yao's decreased growth Yao that ingests to slough off not lower casing, finally sink dead, while preventing and treating the early detection of method institute, more renew rapidly water thoroughly, filamentous bacterial disease, cause of disease be take a Mucor appearance bacterium as common, after this bacterium of symptom institute adheres to, make ovum can not continue to grow, young vigor weakens, finally sink to the bottom death, the method institute of control should keep water quality peace and quiet, between nursery stage, also has the downright bad sick Yao baculoviral disease of abnormality disease deep pool seta wasting disease injustice Yao bubble illness Yao's mid intestinal gland etc.
Nauplius is through the cultivation of 35 d, and seed rearing survival rate is 86.56%, has obtained good nursery effect.Utilize hydroxyapatite etc. itself to there is the character of loose structure, fertilizer components is adsorbed in the inner mesh of carrier, reach the object of slow release.Hydroxyapatite also has biodegradable characteristic, and gained catabolite is various trace elements ion, and these elements can be absorbed again.Nano controlled-release additive has good biocompatibility, gastrointestinal tract mucous compatibility, each component that makes it load has controlled-release function, through twice-modified nano-complex medicine carrying amount and adsorbing capacity, all improve a lot, fertilizer efficiency time lengthening is more than 3 months, effectively suppress the increment of animal pathogen, improve the producer's benefit.Adopt method of the present invention to carry out scientific, the raising that becomes more meticulous, in the short time, effect of increasing production is obvious, life rate is high, be applicable to industrialization develops on a large scale.
Claims (1)
1. a method that adopts nano controlled-release forage feed mullet, comprises the following steps:
(1) breeding environment: cultivating pond is circle or square water mud sump, area 12 ~ 20m
2, dark 0. 7 ~ 1. 0 m; Require water circulation and dirt eliminating function good; Water quality is transparent, limpid, and or not containing harmful heavy metal ion, sulphide is not no more than 0.02mg/L, and total coliform count is less than 5000/L, and salinity is 21～28, and adds EDTA3. 0* 10
-6, add terramycin 2. 0* 10 simultaneously
-6or furazolidone 1. 0* 10
-6pre-anti-bacteria; If there is trash fish, with 35mg/L tea bran, kill; If there is assorted shrimp, with 2.5mg/L trichlorphon, kill, high-order pond or ground membrane cisterna, with the sterilization of 0.4mg/L C5H6Br2N2O2, illumination: 500lx ~ 1500lx is even, soft, not dazzling; Water temperature: 15 ℃ ~ 18 ℃; PH maintains between 7.6 ~ 8.2; Dissolved oxygen: be greater than 6 m g/L; Grow seedlings water after sand filtration, then after 200 order mesh bags filter, use the white door curtain made of cloth of shading, 5, the every pond of gas exhausting stone; Net cage selects 3 * 2,3 * 4 polyethylene to manufacture without joint net sheet without joint net sheet or pure white spun yarn, cage size is 3 meters * 2 meters * 1.5 meters, 2 meters * 2 meters * 1.5 meters, net cage density of setting is the 1/3-1/2 of total water surface, net cage underwater penetration 50-80 centimetre, and freeboard is not less than 50 centimetres; Fixing timber and the iron wire of adopting of net cage, also can use bamboo pole, exaggerated tightening, infraclass is loose, put kind of a front 7-10 days, water soaking under net cage, makes its periphtic algae, rubs injured while avoiding yellow eel cartonning, in eel case, to transplant the pasture and water such as water peanut, timothy, its area coverage reaches 90% left and right of net cage area, before pasture and water inlet, with 2-3% salt or 10ppm bleaching powder, pasture and water is carried out to soaking disinfection, removes leech;
(2) in the 3 early mornings middle of the month in the middle of the month to 4, now water temperature is 15～20 ℃, its stocking rate is 16 500～19 500 tails/hm2, simultaneously, cover is supported filter-feeding fish to control planktonic breeding amount and regulating water quality, as overlapped silver carp fingerling 2 250～3 000 tails/hm2, the variegated carp 375 tails/hm2 that supports 10～12cm; Fingerling inlet sterilization: fingerling is through long-distance transport, and body surface exists injured in various degree, and soaking disinfection is very necessary, common disinfecting drug salt and potassium permanganate, the saline solution with 4% soaks 20～30 minutes or soaks 15～20 minutes with 20g/m3 potassium permanganate;
(3) parent fish rearing feed with throw something and feed: get the way that manufactured feed and feed of animal origin combine, throw in and tame and docile food feed, composed of the following components by weight: fresh or freezing wild fishes 10-18 part, animal's liver 8-10 part, lupulus 2-3 part, Chinese Stellera Root 1-1.5 part, lupulus 0.5-1.0 Fen, South America wedelia chinensis 1.0-2.0 part, nano controlled-release carrier 2.0-2.5 part;
The preparation method of described nano controlled-release carrier is:
(a) silicon hydroxyapatite, concave convex rod, hydrotalcite, imvite, titanium dioxide, calcite, kaolin are mixed according to the mass fraction proportioning of 35-45:10-15: 10-15:8-10:8-10:7-8:5-7, join in the mixed solution of 230 parts of methyl-sulfoxides (DMSO) and 50 parts of methyl alcohol, in 65 ℃, stir 60 hours, filter, and wash and remove excessive methyl-sulfoxide (DMSO) for 3 times with the hot ethanol of 60 ℃ of temperature, put into vacuum drying chamber, 60 ℃ of temperature, be dried 24 hours, grinding is sieved, and obtains modified composite one time;
(b) 1 part of modified composite, 15 parts of potassium acetates and 25 parts of distilled water are mixed, in temperature 50 C, stir more than 10 hours, in 30 ℃ of temperature, first under ultrasonic electric power 350W condition, disperse 3.5 hours, and then disperse 4 hours under ultrasonic electric power 250W condition, filter, and wash 3 times with distillation, 80 ℃ of vacuum drying 24 hours, grinding is sieved, and obtains twice-modified compound; (c) above-mentioned 1 part of twice-modified compound is disperseed to 60min at 600W power ultrasonic, with constant temperature heating device, be heated to 90 ℃, and stir (1200r/min) 60 minutes with mechanical agitator; Obtain nano controlled-release carrier complexes; 4-8% by body weight throws something and feeds;
(4) throw something and feed number of times according to water temperature height, Changes in weather and determining, ordinary circumstance water temperature is high, weather is fine, throw something and feed every day 2～3 times, otherwise throw something and feed 1～2 time or do not feed, Feeding time ﹕ 00～8 ﹕ 00 in mornings 7, noon 1 ﹕ 00～2 ﹕ 00, afternoons 6 ﹕ 00～7 ﹕ 00, every case Feeding time must not be less than 40 minutes, evenly throw something and feed, the quantity of throwing something and feeding is according to water temperature height, fish body varies in size and determines, 25 ℃ of above feeding volumes of water temperature account for fish body weight 3%～4%, 20 ℃ of left and right feeding volumes of water temperature account for fish body weight 1%～2%, also will observe fish specifically eats food situation and determines simultaneously, feeding volume can not be eaten food because of fish just on the high side, easily cause fish indigestion, cause enteritis, feed coefficient also can be higher, altogether throw something and feed the whole year 258 tons, feed, every day in busy season is thrown something and fed at most 2 tons in growth,
(5) fish disease prevention and cure: fry, fingerling enters before the pool, to strictly carry out the sterilization of fish body, that is: with 2%-4% saline solution dipping bath 5 m in, or 20mg/L (20 ℃) liquor potassic permanganate dipping bath 20-30min, fry, under fingerling after the two weeks of the pool, with splash water body 1 time of 1-2 g/m3 bleaching powder (28% available chlorine), to kill the pathogenic microorganism in water, high temperature season, for strengthening the immunity of fish body, reduce the M & M of fish, can in feed, admix 5.00 g/ kg garlics or 0. 47g/kg allicin, add appropriate salt to throw something and feed simultaneously, general continuous 6 d are 1 course for the treatment of, while patrolling the pool, find that dead fish should pull out in time, be buried in the earth, in sick fishpond, used fishing gear will embathe sterilization, the saline solution dipping bath 5m in of available 2%-4%, or with the liquor potassic permanganate dipping bath 20-30 m in of 20mg/L (20 ℃), 5-October, every first quarter moon, with 250 g bleaching powder, add water-solubleization, splash food and around, 3 d continuously splash, during the transhipment of fish body, the temperature difference can not be over 3 ℃, when water is changed in pond, quantity of exchanged water is unsuitable excessive, in order to avoid fish body produces stress reaction, reduce the premunition of fish body: bacteriosis: thoroughly clear pond Yao filters the reasonable density of setting of reasonable bait throwing in Yao of Yao to water strict sterilization, 2 ~ 3 mg/kg chloramphenicol or 3 ~ 5 mg/kg terramycin for treatment measure institute, full pool spilling head, in young bait, deep pool is kidd and is added 1 g/kg terramycin or chloramphenicol as soya-bean milk Yao yolk, connects and feeds 3 d, with this full pool spilling head in 0.5 ~ 1.5 mg/kg nitrofurazone Yao furazolidone Yao furans, sprinkle continuously 3 d, with 2 ~ 3 mg/kg sulfasomizoles or sulphathiazole full pool spilling head, mycosis, cause of disease mainly contains chain vibrios Yao arc of recess bacterium Yao sea vibrios, and methods for the treatment of institute full pool spilling head peacock protects, general 1 time, with nystatin, full pool spilling head 1 ~ 2 time, use trefanocide full pool spilling head, echinid class balantidiasis, cause of disease mainly contains the singly tired branch of contracting worm Yao worm of campanularian Yao Zoothamnium Yao, swim slow Yao of symptom institute hinders Yao's decreased growth Yao that ingests to slough off not lower casing, finally sink dead, while preventing and treating the early detection of method institute, more renew rapidly water thoroughly, filamentous bacterial disease, cause of disease be take a Mucor appearance bacterium as common, after this bacterium of symptom institute adheres to, make ovum can not continue to grow, young vigor weakens, finally sink to the bottom death, the method institute of control should keep water quality peace and quiet, between nursery stage, also has the downright bad sick Yao baculoviral disease of abnormality disease deep pool seta wasting disease injustice Yao bubble illness Yao's mid intestinal gland etc.
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