CN103416325A - Technique of rearing fry of obscure puffer in low salinity sea water - Google Patents
Technique of rearing fry of obscure puffer in low salinity sea water Download PDFInfo
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- CN103416325A CN103416325A CN201210148774XA CN201210148774A CN103416325A CN 103416325 A CN103416325 A CN 103416325A CN 201210148774X A CN201210148774X A CN 201210148774XA CN 201210148774 A CN201210148774 A CN 201210148774A CN 103416325 A CN103416325 A CN 103416325A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention relates to cultivation of freshwater fishes, in particular to a technique of rearing fry of the obscure puffer in low salinity sea water. The technique includes: selecting a pond; sterilizing the pond; cleaning the pond; injecting water and applying fertilizer; preparing for use of oxygenation facilities, and stocking the fry; managing rearing; spreading a net for exercise, distributing the fry to more ponds, and domesticating and feeding. The technique is characterized in that fry bags are allowed to float in the ponds before estuary soil ponds are selected and the fry are put in; pond water is then injected into the bags; the fry bags are shaken and stocked until interior salinity and water temperature of the fry bags and the pond water are moderate; fry stocking density is 8000-10000/mu; the water indexes include 5-15%. of sea water salinity, 16-28 DEG C of natural water temperature, larger than 5mg/L of dissolved oxygen, 7.5-8.5 of pH, and 30-50cm of transparency; when growing to 2.8cm long, the fry are domesticated with artificial feed; when growing to 3cm long, the fry are distributed into the ponds; the net is spread for exercise 1-2 days before distribution; stocking density of summerlings in each pond is 1500-5000/mu.
Description
Technical field
The freshwater fish the present invention relates in aquaculture is propagated artificially, the send out pool technology of especially a kind of fugu obscurus in the Low-salinity seawater.
Background technology
Fugu obscurus (Takifugu obscurus) belongs to Tetraodontiformes, the Puffer suborder, Molidae, Fugu belongs to, mainly being distributed in the yellow Bohai Sea and the East Sea of China, is a kind of anadromous migration fish that lay eggs, annual 4-5 month in groups parent population trace back in You Ru river, river and lay eggs, juvenile fish is fattened in rivers or lake, Tongjiang, and return marine spring in next year.It is food that fugu obscurus mainly be take the invertebrates such as shell-fish, shellfish and small fish in natural surroundings.Fugu obscurus meat flavour fat is beautiful, the fresh and tender good to eat protein that is rich in, and fat content that to be fatty,fiss content minimum is a kind of, also contain abundant vitamin, mineral matter and the multiple trace element useful to human body, there is very high nutritive value, real is the health delicious of modern, and element is described as first of " the Changjiang river three delicacies ".In addition, its internal organs are that the medical value of fugutoxin (TTX) is higher containing hypertoxic nerve element.In the river Puffer fingerling class of domestic cultivation, fugu obscurus market sale channel is unimpeded, and sales volume is large, and price steadiness is at 60-100 unit/kilogram, and the culture-cycle is relatively short.In view of good economic benefit, practical value, just day by day be subject to the welcome of industry as a kind of famous and precious aquaculture kind.The conventional cultivation of fugu obscurus comprises that the young pool (i.e. the young seedling of crow of the total length 0.7-1.0cm out summer flower fingerling that to cultivate to total length be 3-3.5cm from nursery pond) of sending out of crow selects the inland fresh water area to carry out, exist large-scale farming and be subject to the effects limit such as region, fingerling quantity, the cultivation scope is narrow, waste valuable freshwater resources, cannibalism causes the wound inflammation, the problems such as mould, nurture of fish fingerlings survival rate low (survival rate is 50-70% only) of easily flooding.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the send out pool technology of a kind of fugu obscurus in the Low-salinity seawater.
The outfit of the selection that technical scheme of the present invention comprises pond, the sterilization in pond, wash pool, water inlet and fertilising, oxygenation facility is used, fry is put in a suitable place to breed, feeding and management, draw in the net to take exercise, every steps such as minute pool and tame and docile food, it is characterized in that selecting at the bottom of pond smooth, the Hekou Area Tu Chi into pumping equipment is arranged; Before putting seedling, with quicklime 75-100Kg/ mu or 20ppm bleaching efflorescence water, at full pool spilling head, sterilize in advance, until pond disinfection after 2 days, water inlet is at the bottom of flooding pond, soak after 48h drain tan by the sun standby; According to putting the seedling time, water inlet in advance, it is 5-15 ‰ Low-salinity seawater that water inlet adopts salinity, intake to water level 50cm, basal dressing subsequently: fermentation fertilizer 100Kg/ mu or inorganic composite fertilizer 2.5Kg/ mu, then add water until be added to the 100-150cm water level, double-deck 60 eye mesh screen bag filtrations for water inlet, 30 order lock nets for discharge outlet, nearly pond face prevents the fry escape with 20 order circular arc purse seines; Every 3-5 mu is equipped with 1,1.5KW aerator, and the fine weather 1h that starts shooting noon during rich water is put that seedling prerequisite front opening aerator stirs water so that pond is waterborne and evenly put after seedling the fine day 1h that starts shooting noon down, the 5h that starts shooting the time after midnight, and weather condition badly increases the available machine time; Select fine weather, the uptake in pond breeds fish fry, before putting seedling, 15-30 minute in pond first wafts the seedling bag, then open the seedling bag and slowly pour into Chi Shui and rock the seedling bag in bag, fry is progressively adapted to, until salinity, water temperature and pond water in the seedling bag ought just can be put in a suitable place to breed; Fry will fully have been cultivated food organisms before putting in a suitable place to breed, and preferably can guarantee that there are again a certain amount of large-scale food organisms (nauplius of various cyclopss, cladocera and other middle-size and small-size zooplankton) the higher while of accounting of middle-size and small-size food organisms in pond, fry just has sufficient agreeable to the taste bait can guarantee again the breeding of follow-up food organisms and supplement in the pool once like this; In pond, the mensuration of diet biomass can be with 250ml beaker multidraw in pond, and every glass reaches 5-30 and is advisable, and is less than 5 by fishing for the food organisms inoculation in the pond from other; Reach every glass of 5-30 diet biomass in pond according to abovementioned steps, corresponding fry breeding density is 8000-10000 tail/mu, water quality conventional index: seawater salinity 5-15 ‰, natural temperature 16-28 ℃, dissolved oxygen is greater than 5mg/L, PH7.5-8.5, transparency 30-50cm; During fry rearing, when natural bait is not enough, the soya-bean milk that make early morning every day by the soya bean consumption of 0.25-0.5Kg/ mu carries out full pool spilling head, or directly throw something and feed after the filtering wild fishes from fishing for food organisms in other sea pond, in addition, also can adopt down the method in pond to be about to fry draws in the net to move into another and has cultivated in the pond that enough food organisms are arranged and continue to cultivate; When the fry total length is grown to 2.8cm and just can start to be tamed with artitificial food when in pond, diet biomass obviously reduces, domesticating method is to mix slurries with eel feed to splash along the pool side waters, the dough made from eel feed after 1-2 days is twisted into little group and throws one along pool side 0.5-1m waters interval 2-3m, first throw on four limits, and then Stepwize Shrink is to normal bait throwing in district; When fry grows to total length 3cm, should shift to an earlier date 1-2 days before should minute ，Fen pool, the pool and be drawn in the net to take exercise, as started to tame and docile food, should stop eating the previous day drawing in the net; Minute pool breeding density of summer flower fingerling is 1500-5000 tail/mu.
Outstanding feature of the present invention is to have created a kind ofly to be different from existing fugu obscurus freshwater and to send out pool technology, by having taked a series of technical measures, utilizes the Low-salinity seawater of Hekou Area to send out the pool.The young seedling of fugu obscurus crow can be sent out the pool through the Low-salinity seawater of 25-40 days by 0.7-1cm and cultivate the summer flower fingerling that reaches 3-5cm to total length, freshwater resources have been saved, expanded the cultivation scope of this fish, wound inflammation and water mo(u)ld due to fry disease and cannibalism have been reduced, improved significantly the survival rate of fugu obscurus summer flower nurture of fish fingerlings simultaneously, survival rate has reached the 75-85%(freshwater and has sent out the survival rate 50-70% that cultivate on the pool), be the guarantee of large-scale farming the providing the foundation property of fugu obscurus.
Embodiment
Implementation step:
(1), the selection in pond: select at the bottom of pond smoothly, the complete Hekou Area Tu Chi that advances pumping equipment is arranged; Preferably water level reaches the above East and West direction rectangle Tu Chi of 150cm, and area be take 5-20 mu as good.
(2), the sterilization in pond and wash pool: according to put the seedling time advance with quicklime 75-100Kg/ mu or 20ppm bleaching efflorescence water to the pond sterilization of being splashed, be installed into draining screen cloth bag before sterilization, the double-deck 60 mesh sieve tulle bag filtrations of water inlet muzzle, 30 order lock nets for discharge outlet, nearly pond face prevents the fry escape with 20 order arc purse seines, until pond disinfection after 2 days, water inlet is soaked at the bottom of flooding pond, soak after 48 hours thoroughly drain tan by the sun stand-by.
(3), water inlet and fertilising: according to putting the seedling time, water inlet in advance, it is 5-15 ‰ Low-salinity seawater that water inlet adopts salinity, normal condition shifts to an earlier date water inlet in 15-20 days, the 50cm of first intaking, then apply base manure: fertilizer adopts 100Kg/ mu or the inorganic composite fertilizer 2.5Kg/ mus such as fermented-fertilizer cow dung, pig manure, during use, along the pool side multiple spot, throws in, and according to water colour situation and diet biomass etc., progressively repeatedly topdresses on a small quantity and adds water until water level reaches 1-1.5m.
(4), configuration and the use of oxygenation facility: aerator is installed after water inlet, according to every 3-5 mu, is equipped with 1,1.5KW aerator, the fine weather 1h that starts shooting noon during rich water, substantially do not start shooting evening.Before the pool, open aerator in advance so that pond water is not stratified and food organisms are evenly distributed under fry.After putting seedling, the fine day 1h that starts shooting noon, the 5h that starts shooting the time after midnight, bad weather increases the available machine time.
(5), putting in a suitable place to breed of fry: select fine weather to put seedling at the weather in pond.More than the conventional seedbed system of fugu obscurus, in fresh water, carry out, therefore, to progressively desalinate transition before the pool under fry, concrete grammar is: 15-30 minute in pond first wafts the seedling bag, then open the seedling bag and slowly pour into Chi Shui (on a small quantity repeatedly) in bag, and rock the seedling bag, just can put seedling while making in water temperature in the seedling bag, salinity etc. and pond quite.Breeding density is generally 8000-10000 tail/mu according to diet biomass in pond.
(6), feeding and management: fry will fully have been cultivated food organisms before putting in a suitable place to breed, and preferably can guarantee that there are again a certain amount of large-scale food organisms (nauplius of various cyclopss, cladocera and other middle-size and small-size zooplankton) the higher while of accounting of middle-size and small-size food organisms in pond, fry just has sufficient agreeable to the taste bait can guarantee again the breeding of follow-up food organisms and supplement in the pool once like this.The grasp of putting diet biomass in the seedling forebay can be with 250ml beaker multidraw in pond, and every glass reaches 5-30 and is advisable, and be less than 5 can be by fishing for and inoculated in the more rich pond of other food organisms.Owing to sending out a pool water, be the Low-salinity seawater, its food organisms often be take cyclops as many, therefore when water colour is denseer (algal bloom), can be inoculated from fishing for some medium-and-large-sized planktons such as cladocera in other fish pond.Water quality management mainly keeps enough food organisms, can maintain certain water colour again, in case of harsh weather increases available machine time of aerator.Water quality conventional index: seawater salinity: 5-15 ‰, natural temperature 16-28 ℃, dissolved oxygen is greater than 5mg/L, pH value 7.5-8.5, transparency 30-50cm.Add and change water according to pond water water colour, diet biomass at ordinary times; During fry rearing, when natural bait is not enough, early morning every day, the soya-bean milk by the soya bean amount of 0.25-0.5Kg/ mu carried out full pool spilling head, or directly throw something and feed after the filtering wild fishes from fishing for food organisms in other sea pond, can adopt down in addition the method in pond to be about to fry and draw in the net to move into another and cultivated in the pond that enough food organisms are arranged and continue to cultivate.
(7), draw in the net to take exercise and minute pool: through feeding and management, fry grows to total length 30mm, and just should reach the time-division pool when in pond, diet biomass obviously reduces.Before minute pool as started to tame and docile food, should carry and stopping eating the previous day, will be drawn in the net to take exercise to fry simultaneously, the damage that when this can reduce minute pool, counting, transportation etc. operate.And the time-division pool is through the cultivation overall process of fugu obscurus, the size that can reduce like this pond fish is irregular, can guarantee again to ingest evenly, improve survival rate simultaneously.Therefore minute pool breeding density of summer flower fingerling can be grasped flexibly according to follow-up minute pool number of times and empty pool quantity, is generally 1500-5000 tail/mu.
(8), tame and docile food: when the fry total length is grown to the 2.8cm left and right, and, diet biomass obviously reduces and fry while starting to seek trip along pool side in the pond in, just can start tame and docile the food.Concrete grammar is: artitificial food is selected eel feed, first with eel feed, mix slurries and splash along pool side, then with eel feed, make little dough, along pool side 0.5-1m waters, every 2-3m, throw a little group, first throw four limits, after progressively be reduced to normal cultivation bait throwing in district (Shi Tai district).After some fish obviously turns anthropophagy's work bait, must reach the time-division pool, otherwise the size differentiation of fish has a strong impact on the small fish growth, cannibalism easily occurs again.General by the domestication of 7-10 days, the domestication rate can reach 85-95%.
Said method was implemented in Hai Lingxi field, base, Fengxian, Shanghai Aquatic Product Institute's Technique of Raising Seeedling center respectively at 2009,2010, obtained following effect recording:
Pool area culturing time is put the average specification survival rate of quantity results fingerling number in a suitable place to breed
99 mu of 20 days 250,000 tail 22.2 ten thousand tail 3cm 88.8%
15 21 mu of 28 days 320,000 tail 25.8 ten thousand tail 4.5cm 80.6%
10 10.1 mu of 27 days 10.8 ten thousand tail 9.8 ten thousand tail 4.5cm 90.8%
The 11 11 mu of 36 days 10.8 ten thousand tail 90,000 tail 4.8cm 83.3% in east
The 11 9.5 mu of 37 days 10.8 ten thousand tail 9.3 ten thousand tail 4.7cm 86.1% in west.
Claims (2)
1. the send out pool technology of fugu obscurus in the Low-salinity seawater, the outfit of the selection that comprises pond, the sterilization in pond, wash pool, water inlet and fertilising, oxygenation facility is used, fry is put in a suitable place to breed, feeding and management, draw in the net to take exercise, minute pool and tame and docile and eat step, it is characterized in that selecting at the bottom of pond smooth, the Hekou Area Tu Chi into pumping equipment is arranged; Put before seedling and sterilize at full pool spilling head with quicklime 75-100Kg/ mu or 20ppm bleaching efflorescence water in advance, until pond disinfection after 2 days, water inlet is at the bottom of flooding pond, soak after 48h drain tan by the sun standby; According to putting the seedling time, water inlet in advance, it is 5-15 ‰ Low-salinity seawater that water inlet adopts salinity, intake to water level 50cm, basal dressing subsequently: fermentation fertilizer 100Kg/ mu or inorganic composite fertilizer 2.5Kg/ mu, then add water until be added to the 100-150cm water level, double-deck 60 eye mesh screen bag filtrations for water inlet, 30 order lock nets for discharge outlet, nearly pond face prevents the fry escape with 20 order circular arc purse seines; Every 3-5 mu is equipped with 1,1.5KW aerator, and the fine weather 1h that starts shooting noon during rich water is put that seedling prerequisite front opening aerator stirs water so that pond is waterborne and evenly put after seedling the fine day 1h that starts shooting noon down, the 5h that starts shooting the time after midnight, and weather condition badly increases the available machine time; Select fine weather, the uptake in pond breeds fish fry, before putting seedling, 15-30 minute in pond first wafts the seedling bag, then open the seedling bag and slowly pour into Chi Shui and rock the seedling bag in bag, fry is progressively adapted to, until salinity, water temperature and pond water in the seedling bag ought just can be put in a suitable place to breed; Before fry is put in a suitable place to breed, 250ml beaker multidraw in pond for the mensuration of diet biomass in pond, every glass reaches 5-30 and is advisable, and is less than 5 by fishing for the food organisms inoculation in the pond from other; Reach every glass of 5-30 diet biomass in pond according to abovementioned steps, corresponding fry breeding density is 8000-10000 tail/mu, water quality conventional index: seawater salinity 5-15 ‰, natural temperature 16-28 ℃, dissolved oxygen is greater than 5mg/L, PH7.5-8.5, transparency 30-50cm; When the fry total length is grown to 2.8cm, start to be tamed with artitificial food, domesticating method is to mix slurries with eel feed to splash along the pool side waters, the dough made from eel feed after 1-2 days is twisted into little group and throws one along pool side 0.5-1m waters interval 2-3m, first throw on four limits, and then Stepwize Shrink is to normal bait throwing in district; When fry grows to total length 3cm, should shift to an earlier date 1-2 days before should minute ，Fen pool, the pool and be drawn in the net to take exercise, as started to tame and docile food, should stop eating the previous day drawing in the net; Minute pool breeding density of summer flower fingerling is 1500-5000 tail/mu.
2. the send out pool technology of fugu obscurus according to claim 1 in the Low-salinity seawater, during it is characterized in that fry rearing, when natural bait is not enough, the soya-bean milk that make early morning every day by the soya bean consumption of 0.25-0.5Kg/ mu carries out full pool spilling head, or directly throw something and feed after the filtering wild fishes from fishing for food organisms in other sea pond, or adopt the method in pond and fry is drawn in the net to move into another cultivated in the pond that enough food organisms are arranged and continue to cultivate.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103636544A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-03-19 | 上海市水产研究所 | Breeding method for jointly breeding fingerling in current year in takifugu flavidus commercial fish |
| CN105010193A (en) * | 2015-07-27 | 2015-11-04 | 上海市水产研究所 | Pond cultivation method for current-year fries of half-bred takifugu |
| CN106106295A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-11-16 | 江苏中洋集团股份有限公司 | A kind of Puffer fish marketable fish stereo ecological cultural method |
| CN107079849A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-08-22 | 扬中市水产技术研究所 | A kind of method that fugu obscurus fry Tu Chi is cultivated |
| CN107242160A (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2017-10-13 | 舟山市普陀兴海养殖优质种苗选育研究所 | A kind of feeding method of Bostrichthys sinensis cultivation and its application |
| CN108633788A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-10-12 | 南宁学院 | A kind of Pangasius sutchi low salinity stocking method |
| CN112931320A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-06-11 | 通威股份有限公司 | Perch fry pond-passing-without-water separation method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103636544A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-03-19 | 上海市水产研究所 | Breeding method for jointly breeding fingerling in current year in takifugu flavidus commercial fish |
| CN103636544B (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2017-09-15 | 上海市水产研究所 | The cultural method for supporting fingerling then is covered in a kind of takifugu flavidus marketable fish |
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| CN106106295A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-11-16 | 江苏中洋集团股份有限公司 | A kind of Puffer fish marketable fish stereo ecological cultural method |
| CN106106295B (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2019-10-11 | 江苏中洋集团股份有限公司 | A kind of fugu obscurus marketable fish stereo ecological cultural method |
| CN107242160A (en) * | 2017-06-05 | 2017-10-13 | 舟山市普陀兴海养殖优质种苗选育研究所 | A kind of feeding method of Bostrichthys sinensis cultivation and its application |
| CN107079849A (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2017-08-22 | 扬中市水产技术研究所 | A kind of method that fugu obscurus fry Tu Chi is cultivated |
| CN108633788A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-10-12 | 南宁学院 | A kind of Pangasius sutchi low salinity stocking method |
| CN112931320A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-06-11 | 通威股份有限公司 | Perch fry pond-passing-without-water separation method |
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| CN103416325B (en) | 2014-10-15 |
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