CN101032231A - Techniques for the artificial propagation and larval rearing of fugu obscurus - Google Patents
Techniques for the artificial propagation and larval rearing of fugu obscurus Download PDFInfo
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- CN101032231A CN101032231A CNA200610024524XA CN200610024524A CN101032231A CN 101032231 A CN101032231 A CN 101032231A CN A200610024524X A CNA200610024524X A CN A200610024524XA CN 200610024524 A CN200610024524 A CN 200610024524A CN 101032231 A CN101032231 A CN 101032231A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The technological process of artificial propagation and seed culturing of cultivated Fugu obscurus includes the following steps: 1. overwintering cultivation from salty water to fresh water of cultivated Fugu obscurus in the winters and springs for 3-4 years to select parent fishes artificially on the basis of controlling the ecological environment and growth rule of Fugu obscurus; 2. promoting the growth of parent fish gonad and ovulation in simulated natural condition by means of hormone regulation and other measures; and 3. management and ecological control in fry cultivating stage to raise the survival rate and successful artificial propagation. The present invention reduces the dependence on natural resource of Fugu obscurus, and is favorable to the population proliferation of Fugu obscurus.
Description
Technical field the present invention relates to the whole artificial propagation and the seed rearing technology of a kind of river Puffer, particularly a kind of whole artificial propagation and seed rearing technology of culturing fugu obscurus.
Background technology fugu obscurus (Fugu obseurus) is that Tetraodontiformes Molidae Fugu belongs to fish, its meat flavour deliciousness, and the East Asia Region people always like food, have great economic worth, are a kind of new, special products of famous brands, of extra fine quality aquatic products that very high exploitation is worth that have.
Because the variation of natural environment and the influence of economical activities of mankind, the natural resources of fugu obscurus reduces sharply, and the natural world population is very rare, can't obtain the required parent population of artificial propagation by the nature population.Because fugu obscurus is a kind of river property of tracing back fish that lay eggs, must and desalinate two processes and just can reach maturity through evolution, single seawater and freshwater aquiculture environment can't satisfy the needs of gonadal maturation.The report of river Puffer artificial propagation of fish such as existing fugu ocellatus Puffer, fugu obscurus, Fugu rubripes, false eyeball Fugu, plumbous some Fugu, tun kusafugu Puffer, the yellow Fugu of chrysanthemum, two spot Fugus in the Molidae fish, but the spawning rate fertilization rate is not high, and the seed rearing survival rate is low.
Fish whole artificial propagation and seed rearing are to save that natural resources sharply descends and the important technical of fish species in imminent danger continuity, fish protect plant and the population breeding in have great importance.Though domestic fish whole artificial propagation has been obtained very big achievement, but the patent that relates to fugu obscurus both at home and abroad has only artificial propagation CN98111600.0 and control poison to culture two patents of CN02138614.5, does not also relate to perfect culture the efficiently whole artificial propagation of fugu obscurus and the patent report of seed rearing technology.
Summary of the invention the present invention has carried out the improvement and the innovation of science to the technology contents of five basic links (cultivating of total man worker parent population and selection, the cultivation of accelerating the ripening, the fertilization and hatching of hastening parturition, the cultivation of seed one-level, seed secondary are cultivated) of the whole artificial propagation and the seed rearing of breed fugu obscurus, to the dependence of fugu obscurus natural resources, the guarantor who helps fugu obscurus plants and population propagation when having reduced artificial propagation.
Concrete technical scheme is: cultivating of described total man worker parent population and selection are meant with the artificial fry of fugu obscurus cultures three in freshwater or greenhouse, 4 years, when annual temperature drops to 13--18 ℃, with the fugu obscurus fingerling, marketable fish, move on in the temperature control breeding facility with reserve parent fish, annual selective body is great in average weight, the individual clearly directed cultivating of speckle is a reserve parent fish, parent population is put in a suitable place to breed separately, disposable salinity is transferred to 5--10 ‰, pond depth of water 1.0-1.5M, water temperature 10-18 ℃, every cubic metre of 1-100 tail of breeding density, every day is with high protein feed or the bait throwing in of shrimp crab class 1-3 time, at the beginning of 1 month coming year, parent population is moved in the fresh-water pool, the pond water temperature that progressively raises is to 18-20 ℃, to satisfy last ripe growth of parent population sexual gland again.
Described accelerating the ripening cultivated the method that adopts physiological ecological to combine that is meant, before hastening parturition 7-30 days, the fish body is directly injected exogenous hormone to accelerate the ripening, exogenous hormone is luteinizing hormone releasing hormone analog LRH, dosage is that every kilogram of parent population is used the 0.5-4 microgram, divides 2-3 injection, makes sexual gland transit to the IV end of term in fresh water, every day is with high protein feed or the bait throwing in of shrimp crab class 1-3 time, water temperature 20-22 ℃.
The described fertilization and hatching of hastening parturition is meant that the time is to carry out the 2-5 month in cement pit, 20-24 ℃ of control water temperature, more than the dissolved oxygen 6mg/L, injection luteinizing hormone releasing hormone analog LRH, accumulated dose is that every kilogram of parent population is used the 10-80 microgram, divide one to three injection, 20-48 hour injecting effect time, adopt wet method or dry method of artificial fertilization; Hatching is in cone shape incubator (hatching net cage or hatching pail), and water temperature 20-24 ℃, more than the dissolved oxygen 6mg/L, salinity is less than 1 ‰, fertilized egg is spilt in incubator flowing water or water hatching, brooding time 4-5 days are changed in inflation.
After described seed one-level is cultivated and is meant that the fry that hatches is cultivated 1-3 days in incubator; be with water to move in 10-100 square metre the cement pit; temperature control 20-24 ℃; open-mouthed bait is yellow particle of birds, beasts and eggs or wheel animalcule; the yellow particle diameter of birds, beasts and eggs greater than 200 orders less than 100 mesh sieve thin,tough silk apertures; open-mouthed bait was thrown something and fed 3-8 days, and throw something and feed subsequently the fairy shrimp young or little copepoda are cultivated salinity less than 1 ‰.
Described seed secondary is cultivated and is meant that when seed length arrived greater than 0.4--0.5 centimetre, band water was moved in big cement pit or the Tu Chi pond, and water temperature 15--20 ℃, the fairy shrimp that bait feeding is cultivated or bought, copepoda, cladocera etc.
Embodiment
1. cultivating of total man worker parent population and selection: artificial fry 100000 tails with fugu obscurus culture three in fresh water Tu Chi pond, 4 years, when annual temperature drops to 13--18 ℃, with the fugu obscurus fingerling, marketable fish, move on in the temperature control breeding facility with reserve parent fish, the great individual directed cultivating in average weight of selective body is a reserve parent fish, parent population is put in a suitable place to breed separately, disposable salinity is transferred to 5--10 ‰, pond depth of water 1.0-1.5M, water temperature 10-18 ℃, every cubic metre of 1-100 tail of breeding density, every day is with high protein feed or the bait throwing in of shrimp crab class 1-3 time, at the beginning of 1 month coming year, parent population is moved in the fresh-water pool, the pond water temperature that progressively raises is reached maturity to satisfy the parent population sexual gland at last to 18-20 ℃ again.In three to four years, annual winter-spring season is handled through the salinization desalination, and the ratio that total man worker parent population sexual gland reaches the IV phase reaches more than 95%, selects reserve parent fish 5000 tails.
2. the cultivation of accelerating the ripening: the method that adopts physiological ecological to combine, before hastening parturition 7-30 days, the fish body is directly injected exogenous hormone to accelerate the ripening, exogenous hormone is luteinizing hormone releasing hormone analog LRH, and dosage is that every kilogram of parent population is used the 0.5-4 microgram, divides 2-3 injection, water temperature 20-22 ℃, in fresh water make sexual gland transit to the IV end of term with high protein feed or the bait throwing in of shrimp crab class 1-3 time every day, and total man worker parent population sexual gland reaches the ratio in the IV end of term and reaches more than 100% after treatment.
3. the fertilization and hatching of hastening parturition: annually in cement pit, all can carry out in the scope at 2-5 month, 20-24 ℃ of control water temperature, more than the dissolved oxygen 6mg/L, when total man worker parent population sexual gland reaches IV during the end of term, injection luteinizing hormone releasing hormone analog LRH, accumulated dose is that every kilogram of parent population is used the 10-80 microgram, divides one to three injection, the 20-48 hour injecting effect time (spawning rate is more than 95%), adopt wet method or dry method of artificial fertilization's (fertilization rate is more than 80%); Hatching is in cone shape incubator (hatching net cage or hatching pail), and water temperature 20-24 ℃, more than the dissolved oxygen 6mg/L, salinity is less than 1 ‰, fertilized egg is spilt in incubator flowing water or water hatching, brooding time 4-5 days (incubation rate is more than 85%) are changed in inflation.
4. the seed one-level is cultivated: the fry that hatches is cultivated 1-3 days in incubator after; be with water to move in 10-100 square metre the cement pit; temperature control 20-24 ℃; open-mouthed bait is yellow particle of birds, beasts and eggs or wheel animalcule; the yellow particle diameter of birds, beasts and eggs greater than 200 orders less than 100 mesh sieve thin,tough silk apertures; open-mouthed bait is thrown something and fed 3-8 days (aperture opening ratio is more than 80%), and throw something and feed subsequently the fairy shrimp young or little copepoda are cultivated salinity less than 1 ‰.
5. the seed secondary is cultivated: when seed length arrives greater than 0.4--0.5 centimetre, band water is moved in big cement pit or Tu Chi pond (200-4000 square metre), water temperature 15--20 ℃, with agreeable to the taste bait feedings such as the fairy shrimp of cultivating or buy, copepoda, cladoceras, weed survival rate is more than 70%.
Advantage of the present invention is to have improved success rate and the spawning rate of parent fish rearing, has reached 100%, rate of fertilization, incubation rate, Aperture opening ratio has all reached more than 80%, to the dependence of natural resources, is conducive to when having reduced simultaneously the fugu obscurus artificial propagation The conservation of fugu obscurus and population augment. Relatively independent again each other interdependent between each link of the present invention, use a link all to be Infringement to this patent.
Claims (6)
1. the whole artificial propagation of fugu obscurus and seed rearing technology, comprise that (1) is on the basis of abundant grasp fugu obscurus breeding ecology environment and sexual gland growth-development law, in the first sexually matured 3-4 of fugu obscurus, annual winter, fugu obscurus to freshwater aquiculture passes through survive the winter breed, the cultivation of salinization to desalination, selects total man worker parent population.(2) simulating nature environment by means such as hormone regulating and controllings, promotes reaching maturity and discharging of parent population sexual gland when sexual maturity for the first time, strengthen ecology regulation and control, has improved spawning rate, fertilization rate and incubation rate.(3) strengthen management and the ecology regulation and control of seed rearing phase, improve the survival rate of seed rearing, successfully realized the whole artificial propagation of fugu obscurus.Concrete technical step is: cultivating and the selection of A. total man worker parent population: the artificial fry with fugu obscurus cultures three in freshwater or greenhouse, 4 years, when annual temperature drops to 13--18 ℃, with the fugu obscurus fingerling, marketable fish, move on in the temperature control breeding facility with reserve parent fish, the great individual directed cultivating in average weight of annual selective body is a reserve parent fish, parent population is put in a suitable place to breed separately, disposable salinity is transferred to 5--10 ‰, pond depth of water 1.0-1.5M, water temperature 10-18 ℃, every cubic metre of 1-20 tail of breeding density, every day is with high protein feed or the bait throwing in of shrimp crab class 1-3 time, at the beginning of 1 month coming year, parent population is moved in the fresh-water pool, the pond water temperature that progressively raises is reached maturity to satisfy the parent population sexual gland at last to 18-20 ℃ again.B. the cultivation of accelerating the ripening: the method that adopts physiological ecological to combine, before hastening parturition 7-30 days, the fish body is directly injected exogenous hormone to accelerate the ripening, exogenous hormone is luteinizing hormone releasing hormone analog LRH, dosage is that every kilogram of parent population is used the 0.5-4 microgram, but 2-3 injection makes sexual gland transit to the IV end of term in fresh water, every day is with high protein feed or the bait throwing in of shrimp crab class 1-3 time, water temperature 20-22 ℃.C. hasten parturition, ovulate, arrange smart, time is to carry out in cement pit the 2-5 month, 20-24 ℃ of control water temperature, more than the dissolved oxygen 6mg/L, injection luteinizing hormone releasing hormone analog LRH, accumulated dose is that every kilogram of parent population is used the 10-80 microgram, divides one to three injection, 20-48 hour injecting effect time, adopt wet method or dry method of artificial fertilization; Hatching is in cone shape incubator (hatching net cage or hatching pail), and water temperature 20-24 ℃, more than the dissolved oxygen 6mg/L, salinity is less than 1 ‰, fertilized egg is spilt in incubator flowing water or water hatching, brooding time 4-5 days are changed in inflation.D. the seed one-level is cultivated: the fry that hatches was cultivated in incubator 1-3 days; be with water to move in 10-100 square metre the cement pit; temperature control 20-24 ℃; open-mouthed bait is yellow particle of birds, beasts and eggs or wheel animalcule; the yellow particle diameter of birds, beasts and eggs greater than 200 orders less than 100 mesh sieve thin,tough silk apertures; open-mouthed bait was thrown something and fed 3-8 days, and throw something and feed subsequently the fairy shrimp young or little copepoda are cultivated salinity less than 1 ‰.E. the seed secondary is cultivated: seed is long to greater than 0.4-0.5 centimetre the time, and band water is moved in big cement pit or the Tu Chi pond, and water temperature 15--20 ℃, with bait feedings such as the fairy shrimp of cultivating or buy, copepoda, cladoceras.
2. according to the whole artificial propagation and the seed rearing technology of the described fugu obscurus of claim 1, it is characterized in that: cultivating of total man worker parent population and selection: in freshwater or greenhouse, culture three with the artificial fry of fugu obscurus, in 4 years, when annual temperature drops to 13--18 ℃, with the fugu obscurus fingerling, marketable fish, move on in the temperature control breeding facility with reserve parent fish, the great individual directed cultivating in average weight of annual selective body is a reserve parent fish, parent population is put in a suitable place to breed separately, disposable salinity is transferred to 5--10 ‰, pond depth of water 1.0-1.5M, water temperature 10-18 ℃, every cubic metre of 1-10 tail of breeding density,, the coming year 1 month at the beginning of move parent population fresh-water pool in high protein feed or the bait throwing in of shrimp crab class 1-3 time every day again, progressively raise the pond water temperature to 18-20 ℃, reach maturity at last to satisfy the parent population sexual gland.
3. according to the whole artificial propagation and the seed rearing technology of the described fugu obscurus of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the cultivation of accelerating the ripening: the method that adopts physiological ecological to combine, before hastening parturition 7-30 days, the fish body is directly injected exogenous hormone to accelerate the ripening, exogenous hormone is luteinizing hormone releasing hormone analog LRH, dosage is that every kilogram of parent population is used the 0.5-4 microgram, divide 2-3 injection, in fresh water, make sexual gland transit to the IV end of term, every day is with high protein feed or the bait throwing in of shrimp crab class 1-3 time, water temperature 20-22 ℃.
4. according to the whole artificial propagation and the seed rearing technology of the described fugu obscurus of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the fertilization and hatching of hastening parturition: the time is to carry out in cement pit the 2-5 month, 20-24 ℃ of control water temperature, more than the dissolved oxygen 6mg/L, injection luteinizing hormone releasing hormone analog LRH, accumulated dose is that every kilogram of parent population is used the 10-80 microgram, divides one to three injection, 20-48 hour injecting effect time, adopt wet method or dry method of artificial fertilization; Hatching is in cone shape incubator (hatching net cage or hatching pail), and water temperature 20-24 ℃, more than the dissolved oxygen 6mg/L, salinity is less than 1 ‰, fertilized egg is spilt in incubator flowing water or water hatching, brooding time 4-5 days are changed in inflation.
5. according to the whole artificial propagation and the seed rearing technology of the described fugu obscurus of claim 1; it is characterized in that: the seed one-level is cultivated: the fry that hatches was cultivated in incubator 1-3 days; be with water to move in 10-100 square metre the cement pit; temperature control 20-24 ℃; open-mouthed bait is yellow particle of birds, beasts and eggs or wheel animalcule, and less than 100 mesh sieve thin,tough silk apertures, threw something and fed 3-8 days by open-mouthed bait greater than 200 orders for the yellow particle diameter of birds, beasts and eggs; throw something and feed subsequently the fairy shrimp young or little copepoda are cultivated salinity less than 1 ‰.
6. according to the whole artificial propagation and the seed rearing technology of the described fugu obscurus of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the seed secondary is cultivated: when seed length arrives greater than 0.4-0.5 centimetre, band water is moved in big cement pit or the Tu Chi pond, water temperature 15-20 ℃, with bait feedings such as the fairy shrimp of cultivating or buy, copepoda, cladoceras.
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Cited By (24)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101785440A (en) * | 2010-03-12 | 2010-07-28 | 河北省水产研究所 | Method for improving growth trait of Fugu bimaculatus |
| CN101283677B (en) * | 2008-06-04 | 2010-12-08 | 厦门大学 | Artificial insemination process of large yellow croaker |
| CN101946743A (en) * | 2010-08-24 | 2011-01-19 | 浙江海洋学院 | Industrialized culture energy-saving filth suction device |
| CN101513172B (en) * | 2008-02-19 | 2011-04-20 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Method for propagating tridentiger trigonocephalus with artificial comprehensive regulation ecological factors |
| CN101647412B (en) * | 2008-08-11 | 2011-05-18 | 中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所 | Method for breeding tridentiger trigonocephalus by artificial induced spawning and insemination |
| CN102144601A (en) * | 2011-05-11 | 2011-08-10 | 山东省海水养殖研究所 | Method for all day feeding thamnaconus modestus early larvas by using shellfish early larvas |
| CN101248770B (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2011-09-28 | 河北省水产研究所 | Method for shortening cultivation period of Fugu flavidus |
| CN102273416A (en) * | 2011-06-02 | 2011-12-14 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Method for promoting synchronous development of sexual glands of takifugu obscurus male and female parent fishes |
| CN102524135A (en) * | 2012-02-17 | 2012-07-04 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Pool mixed culture method for takifugu obscurus offspring seeds and paracanthobrama guichenoti offspring seeds |
| CN102783439A (en) * | 2012-08-08 | 2012-11-21 | 钱晓明 | Takifugu obscurus three-stage type culture process |
| CN102860271A (en) * | 2011-07-04 | 2013-01-09 | 上海市水产研究所 | Fugu obscurus fry opening technology |
| CN102860270A (en) * | 2011-07-04 | 2013-01-09 | 上海市水产研究所 | Large-scale fingerling production technique for takifugu obscurus in brackish water |
| CN102893927A (en) * | 2011-07-26 | 2013-01-30 | 上海市水产研究所 | Feeding method of controllable bait for fries of Takifugu flavidus |
| CN102893926A (en) * | 2011-07-26 | 2013-01-30 | 上海市水产研究所 | Fertilized egg debonding technique for green pufferfish |
| CN102939927A (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2013-02-27 | 浙江海洋学院 | Method for improving fugu obscurus growing characters |
| CN103004651A (en) * | 2011-12-14 | 2013-04-03 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Reed-fish-shrimp-crab ecological polyculture method for inland soda saline-alkaline reed swamps |
| CN103416325A (en) * | 2012-05-15 | 2013-12-04 | 上海市水产研究所 | Technique of rearing fry of obscure puffer in low salinity sea water |
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| CN101248770B (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2011-09-28 | 河北省水产研究所 | Method for shortening cultivation period of Fugu flavidus |
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| CN101785440A (en) * | 2010-03-12 | 2010-07-28 | 河北省水产研究所 | Method for improving growth trait of Fugu bimaculatus |
| CN101946743A (en) * | 2010-08-24 | 2011-01-19 | 浙江海洋学院 | Industrialized culture energy-saving filth suction device |
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| CN102860271B (en) * | 2011-07-04 | 2014-04-30 | 上海市水产研究所 | Fugu obscurus fry opening technology |
| CN102860271A (en) * | 2011-07-04 | 2013-01-09 | 上海市水产研究所 | Fugu obscurus fry opening technology |
| CN102893926B (en) * | 2011-07-26 | 2014-01-15 | 上海市水产研究所 | Fertilized egg debonding technique for green pufferfish |
| CN102893927A (en) * | 2011-07-26 | 2013-01-30 | 上海市水产研究所 | Feeding method of controllable bait for fries of Takifugu flavidus |
| CN102893926A (en) * | 2011-07-26 | 2013-01-30 | 上海市水产研究所 | Fertilized egg debonding technique for green pufferfish |
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| CN102524135A (en) * | 2012-02-17 | 2012-07-04 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | Pool mixed culture method for takifugu obscurus offspring seeds and paracanthobrama guichenoti offspring seeds |
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| CN102783439B (en) * | 2012-08-08 | 2014-04-02 | 钱晓明 | Takifugu obscurus three-stage type culture process |
| CN102783439A (en) * | 2012-08-08 | 2012-11-21 | 钱晓明 | Takifugu obscurus three-stage type culture process |
| CN102939927B (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2014-12-31 | 浙江海洋学院 | Method for improving fugu obscurus growing characters |
| CN102939927A (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2013-02-27 | 浙江海洋学院 | Method for improving fugu obscurus growing characters |
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| CN103875554A (en) * | 2014-03-20 | 2014-06-25 | 苏州市阳澄湖现代农业产业园特种水产养殖有限公司 | Method for breeding white croaker |
| CN105724298A (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2016-07-06 | 李钟杰 | Method for factory puffer fish fry cultivation |
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| CN106172136B (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2019-10-11 | 江苏中洋集团股份有限公司 | A kind of fugu obscurus winter artificial fecundation method |
| CN107581106A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-01-16 | 海南晨海水产有限公司 | A kind of artificial fecundation method of platax orbicularis |
| CN114027229A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-02-11 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Novel method for cultivating takifugu rubripes fries |
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