CN102524135B - Pool mixed culture method for takifugu obscurus offspring seeds and paracanthobrama guichenoti offspring seeds - Google Patents
Pool mixed culture method for takifugu obscurus offspring seeds and paracanthobrama guichenoti offspring seeds Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pool mixed culture method for takifugu obscurus offspring seeds and paracanthobrama guichenoti offspring seeds. Paracanthobrama guichenoti offspring seeds artificially propagated in early April and the takifugu obscurus offspring seeds bred at the end of April are placed into a pool for breeding to be subjected to the pool mixed culture; then, feeding steps of rotifers, blood worms and batch materials are adopted until the takifugu obscurus initial feed batch materials are directly adopted for feeding; and meanwhile, the whole culture process is subjected to daily management. The culture method for the takifugu obscurus offspring seeds provided by the invention does not have obvious differences from major culture on the culture specification, the unit yield, the survival rate and the like. Residue baits of the takifugu obscurus can be utilized by the paracanthobrama guichenoti on the basis of not increasing the feed cost or influencing the major culture varieties, a water quality purification effect is reached, in addition, the natural baits at the bottom layer of the water body can also be sufficiently eaten, the feed conversion rate is improved, the integral yield is improved, and great popularization values are realized. A new high-efficient large-scale culture path for brand-name and high-quality fishes such as takifugu obscurus offspring seeds and paracanthobrama guichenoti is successfully opened up.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fugu obscurus seed with like the pond mixing cultivation technology of Ci Bian Minnow seed.
Background technology
Fugu obscurus (Takifugu obscurus), be commonly called as the river Puffer, because of fast growth, being of high nutritive value enjoys favor, now become Jiangsu, Shanghai from THE LOWER YANGTZE VALLEY and expanded to the good freshwater aquiculture kind that economize in Zhejiang, Anhui, Guangdong, Fujian, river, Henan, Hubei Province etc.And like Ci Bian Minnow (Paracanthobrama guichenoti); be commonly called as the stone crucian carp; also because of fine and tender taste, delicious flavour, be subjected to consumer's favor deeply; and the tackling key problem through China Aquatic Science Research Academy Fresh Water Fishery Research Center; realize the seed breeding of scale, become the popular kind that THE LOWER YANGTZE VALLEY is propagated artificially just gradually.
Therefore, develop a kind of fugu obscurus seed with like pond the mixings cultivation technology of Ci Bian Minnow seed, the efficient scale fishery of active response policy is explored a new way for the efficient large-scale development of famous-brand and high-quality fish such as Ci Bian Minnow seemingly again.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of making rational use of resources, the fugu obscurus seed of the conversion ratio of raising feed and the pond mixing breeding method like Ci Bian Minnow seed.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme for achieving the above object:
A kind of fugu obscurus seed with like the pond mixing breeding method of Ci Bian Minnow seed, comprise the steps:
(1) seed is put in a suitable place to breed:
The beginning of April seemingly stings bream Minnow fertilized egg behind indoor hatching system incubation of membrane through what artificial induced spawning, insemination obtained, with the ripe yolk opening of after 200 eye mesh screens filter, throwing something and feeding, and selection wheel animalcule peak period, pond Xia Tang after 7-10 days, breeding density is 10000 tails prelarva/mu;
Fugu obscurus fry artificial breeding fry at the bottom of April, wheel animalcule opening and the preliminary white young eel material of food of taming and dociling through the greenhouse; Through 1 month growth, the fry specification reached 1.0 centimetres～1.5 centimetres/tail, can go out greenhouse Xia Tang, reduced indoor and the temperature difference outer pool, reduced the stress reaction of fry, increased survival rate, and breeding density is 12000 tail/mus;
(2) feedstuff feeding:
Like namely beginning the soya-bean milk of splashing behind the pool under the Ci Bian Minnow prelarva, cultivate wheel animalcule, rich water is cultivated; Still adhere to the soya-bean milk of splashing the last week behind the pool under the fugu obscurus fry, following several days is to throw something and feed in turn with red worm and fugu obscurus opening batch, along with fry food stops the soya-bean milk of splashing after normal, increase the opening material amount, until directly moving on to fugu obscurus opening batch;
(3) daily management:
Water quality is dense partially in spring, and filling in every month is new water once, and water injection rate is each 15 centimetres; It is moderate that the water concentration in summer, autumn keeps, and transparency is 35 centimetres, and index is tender, alive, refreshing, the new water of annotating once every 7～10 days, and amount of water is each 10 centimetres; If water quality degenerates, should change water immediately and throw in biologic product regulation and control water quality, keep more than the water-soluble oxygen amount 6mg/L of pond, afternoon, the oxygenation of one o'clock to three was 2 hours, and oxygenation in morning was 2～3 hours in sultry day; To in time handle blue-green algae simultaneously, guard against the ammonia nitrogen poisoning and take place; For preventing fugu obscurus generation saprolegniasis, ich, high temperature season will strengthen quantity of exchanged water, opens aerator in good time, uses 0.4 mg/litre concentration chlorine dioxide full pool spilling head with sterilizing prevent disease every other month.
It is further characterized in that: described step (2) feedstuff feeding is selected apart from 1 meter of bank the food platform to be set around the pond, establishes 4 food platforms altogether for every mouthful, throw something and feed every day and sooner or later throw something and feed twice, morning 7:00-8:00, afternoon 4:00-5:00; " four fixed " principle is followed in the bait strictness of throwing something and feeding, and feeding volume control was eaten up at 1 hour and is as the criterion, and a general day feeding volume is 5～8% of the fry scale of construction, looks fish ingests, active situation suitably increases and decreases daily ration, feeding quantity.
The inventive method does not have notable difference to the forming specification of fugu obscurus fingerling, per unit area yield, survival rate etc. and main supporting.Need not increase feed cost and not influence on the basis of main foster variety yield, not only can utilize the residual bait of fugu obscurus like Ci Bian Minnow, reach the effect that purifies water, and the natural bait of the water bottom of fully ingesting, improved the conversion ratio of feed, increase comprehensive output, have promotional value.Successfully open up the fugu obscurus seed, like a new way of the efficient large-scale cultivations of the famous-brand and high-quality fish of Ci Bian Minnow.
Embodiment
One, cultivating condition and method
1) cultivating condition
The Tang Chi ridge is firm does not seep water, and near the water source, water quality is good.Every mouthful of pool to digging a ditch, is lower than at the bottom of the pond about 0.3 meter in the pond central longitudinal, and fish in the dried pond when being convenient to gather in the crops, the bottom micropore oxygenation of supporting aerator.Pool mouth is removed mud, behind the smooth Chi Geng through the air-dry solarization pool in winter, put kind previous month, and intake 0.2 meter～0.3 meter, with quicklime clean up the pond (70～90 kilograms every mu), to remove wild fishes at the bottom of the pond and to kill causal organism, soaking disinfection drains and shines the pool after 3 days～4 days.Put in a suitable place to breed preceding 10 days, dark 1.2～1.3 meters of water filling, water inlet all arranges 60 purpose bolting silks and prevents that wild fishes from entering, and execute through 50～80 kilograms of the fertilizers of fermentation on every mouthful of pool.
2) seed is put in a suitable place to breed
Seemingly sting bream Minnow fertilized egg behind indoor hatching system incubation of membrane through what artificial induced spawning, insemination obtained, with the ripe yolk opening of after 200 eye mesh screens filter, throwing something and feeding, selection wheel animalcule peak period, pond Xia Tang after 7-10 days, breeding density is 10000 tails prelarva/mu.
Fugu obscurus fry artificial breeding fry, wheel animalcule opening and the preliminary white young eel material of food of taming and dociling through the greenhouse; Through 1 month growth, the fry specification reached 1.0 centimetres～1.5 centimetres/tail, can go out greenhouse Xia Tang, noted indoor and the temperature difference outer pool, reduced the stress reaction of fry, increased survival rate, and breeding density is 12000 tail/mus.
3) feedstuff feeding
Like namely beginning the soya-bean milk of splashing behind the pool under the Ci Bian Minnow prelarva, cultivate wheel animalcule, rich water is cultivated.Behind the pool under the fugu obscurus fry, just begun a week still to adhere to the soya-bean milk of splashing, following several days is to throw something and feed in turn with " red worm " and fugu obscurus opening batch, along with fry food stops the soya-bean milk of splashing after normal, increase the opening material amount, until directly moving on to fugu obscurus opening batch (white young eel material).
Select to locate to arrange according to a certain percentage the food platform around the pond apart from about bank 1m, establish 4 food platforms altogether for every mouthful, throw something and feed twice every day, the time of throwing something and feeding normally is 7:00-8:00 in morning, afternoon 4:00-5:00.
Seemingly sting bream Minnow and belong to ominivore-fish, in early days based on natural bait (benthon, red worm), also carried out seemingly stinging the tame and docile food of bream Minnow fry when taming and dociling the food fugu obscurus.In the ordinary course of things, the bait of throwing something and feeding wants strictness to follow " four fixed " principle, and a day feeding volume is 5～8% of the fry scale of construction, and feeding volume control was eaten up at 1 hour and is as the criterion, and will look also in addition fish ingests, active situation suitably increases and decreases daily ration, feeding quantity.
4) daily management
Water quality is dense partially in spring, and filling in every month is new water once, and water injection rate is each 15 centimetres; It is moderate that the water concentration in summer, autumn keeps, and transparency is 35 centimetres, and index is tender, alive, refreshing, the new water of annotating once every 7～10 days, and amount of water is each 10 centimetres.If water quality degenerates, should change water immediately and throw in biologic product regulation and control water quality, keep the higher dissolved oxygen amount of pond water, afternoon, the oxygenation of one o'clock to three was 2 hours, and oxygenation in morning was 2～3 hours in sultry day.To in time handle blue-green algae simultaneously, guard against the ammonia nitrogen poisoning and take place.
Every day early, respectively patrol the pool 1 evening, observes pond water colour, SEA LEVEL VARIATION early morning, has or not situation such as floating head, and checking fugu obscurus and seemingly stinging bream Minnow has situations such as disease-free generation; The situation of change of claire liquid manure degree, bait at dusk emphatically, and determine time of whether dashing, adding water or drive aerator according to weather condition.
Typhoon eve, when storm causes up and down the rapid convection current of water layer, all can cause pond water anoxic, cause fugu obscurus and raise the nose above water to breathe like Ci Bian Minnow; The pond phytoplankton bloom when zooplankton falls sharply, also can cause fugu obscurus and raises the nose above water to breathe or general pond like Ci Bian Minnow.Because of both equal lower oxygen concentration resistances not, when anoxic is serious in the pond, with oxygenation agent full pond float.
In breeding process, seemingly the infection of the disease of Ci Bian Minnow is lower than other fish, and is disease-free substantially.Fugu obscurus mainly contains saprolegniasis, ich etc. in the comparatively common disease of seed pond culture, adhere to the policy of " putting prevention first; the control combination ", note careful management at ordinary times, strengthen water quality management, particularly high temperature season and descend because of dissolved oxygen, pH value in the pond, easily draw the dead fish in general pond, therefore to strengthen quantity of exchanged water, open aerator in good time.In addition, use 0.4 mg/litre concentration chlorine dioxide full pool spilling head with sterilizing prevent disease every other month.
Two, fish for
Consider to fish for fugu obscurus and enter the greenhouse and cultivate when water temperature is lower than 20 ℃, catching net is 80 purpose polythene nets, draws three net back fugu obscurus to fish for substantially and finishes; Rise and catch and must do the pool like Ci Bian Minnow, utilize vertical ditch to fish for.
Three, culture efficiency
To the test two mouthfuls totally 8 mu pond fish for.Through 5 to 6 months meticulous breed, cultivate 4000 jin/mu of the fugu obscurus high-quality fingerlings of specification 80g/ tail～150g/ tail, survival rate reaches more than 90%; The seemingly Ci Bian Minnow fingerling 3120 tail/mus of 25g/ tail～60g/ tail, survival rate is 31.2%, has obtained culture benefit preferably.
From culture efficiency as can be seen, the survival rate of fish fry of mixing breeding method provided by the invention is higher, and per mu yield is high and comprehensive output is big, successfully opens up the fugu obscurus seed, like a new way of the efficient large-scale cultivations of the famous-brand and high-quality fish of Ci Bian Minnow.
Below by specific embodiment the present invention is described in more details.
Embodiment
4 mu of test pool open area, 1.7 meters of mean depth of water, every mouthful of pool to digging a ditch, is lower than at the bottom of the pond about 0.3 meter in the pond central longitudinal, and water pump was 1 in supporting 8 o'clock, 2.5 kilowatts of aerators bottom micropore oxygenation.Pool mouth is removed mud through the air-dry solarization pool in winter, behind the smooth Chi Geng,
Put kind of a previous moon, intake 0.2 meter, clean up the pond (70 kilograms every mu) with quicklime, to remove wild fishes at the bottom of the pond and to kill causal organism, soaking disinfection drained and shines the pool after 3 days.Put in a suitable place to breed preceding 10 days, dark 1.2 meters of water filling, water inlet all arranges 60 purpose bolting silks and prevents that wild fishes from entering, and execute through 50 kilograms of the fertilizers of fermentation on every mouthful of pool.
What April 3 in 2011 Nikkei artificial induced spawning, insemination obtained seemingly stings bream Minnow fertilized egg behind indoor hatching system incubation of membrane, with the ripe yolk opening of throwing something and feeding after 200 eye mesh screens filter, descends the pool after 7 days, and breeding density is 10000 tails prelarva/mu.
The fugu obscurus fry is artificial breeding fry on April 15th, 2011, wheel animalcule opening and the preliminary white young eel material of food of taming and dociling through the greenhouse; Through 1 month growth, the fry specification reached 1.2 centimetres/tail, namely went out greenhouse Xia Tang, and breeding density is 12000 tail/mus.
In addition, also can overlap the silver carp of supporting a small amount of filter-feeding, breeding density is 200 tail/mus.
Like namely beginning the soya-bean milk of splashing behind the pool under the Ci Bian Minnow prelarva, cultivate wheel animalcule, rich water is cultivated.Behind the pool under the fugu obscurus fry, just begun a week still to adhere to the soya-bean milk of splashing, following several days is to throw something and feed in turn with " red worm " and fugu obscurus opening batch, along with fry food stops the soya-bean milk of splashing after normal, increase the opening material amount, until directly moving on to fugu obscurus opening batch (white young eel material).
Throw something and feed twice every day, the time of throwing something and feeding normally is 7:00 in morning, afternoon 4:00.
On October 25th, 2011 respectively to the test two mouthfuls totally 8 mu pond fish for.Through 6 months meticulous breed, with 80 purpose polyethylene catching nets, draw three net back fugu obscurus to fish for substantially and finish; Rise and catch and must do the pool like Ci Bian Minnow, utilize vertical ditch to fish for.Fish for 4000 jin of/mu trainings of fugu obscurus high-quality fingerling, body weight is between 80g/ tail～150g/ tail, and survival rate reaches 92%; The seemingly Ci Bian Minnow fingerling 3120 tail/mus of 25g/ tail～60g/ tail, survival rate is 31.2%, has obtained culture benefit preferably.
The contrast experiment has been carried out in 4 mu of ponds in another next door.Experiment condition and embodiment 1 are much the same, and difference is: throwing in grows seedlings only is the fugu obscurus fry.After the fugu obscurus fry is thrown in the pond, throw something and feed in turn with " red worm " and fugu obscurus opening batch, along with the fry food normal after, increase the opening material amount, until directly moving on to fugu obscurus opening batch (white young eel material).Simultaneously fugu obscurus is fished for embodiment, fish for 4030 jin of/mu trainings of fugu obscurus high-quality fingerling, body weight is between 90g/ tail～165g/ tail, and survival rate reaches 92.7%.
The result draws: mix cultivating forming specification to the fugu obscurus fingerling, per unit area yield, survival rate etc. does not have notable difference with main supporting.Need not increase feed cost and not influence on the basis of main foster variety yield, not only can utilize the residual bait of fugu obscurus like Ci Bian Minnow, reach the effect that purifies water, and the natural bait of the water bottom of fully ingesting, improved the conversion ratio of feed, increase comprehensive output, have promotional value.Successfully open up the fugu obscurus seed, like a new way of the efficient large-scale cultivations of the famous-brand and high-quality fish of Ci Bian Minnow.
Claims (2)
1. a fugu obscurus seed and the pond mixing breeding method that seemingly stings bream Minnow seed comprise the steps:
(1) seed is put in a suitable place to breed:
The beginning of April seemingly stings bream Minnow fertilized egg behind indoor hatching system incubation of membrane through what artificial induced spawning, insemination obtained, with the ripe yolk opening of after 200 eye mesh screens filter, throwing something and feeding, and selection wheel animalcule peak period, pond Xia Tang after 7-10 days, breeding density is 10000 tails prelarva/mu;
Fugu obscurus fry artificial breeding fry at the bottom of April, wheel animalcule opening and the preliminary white young eel material of food of taming and dociling through the greenhouse; Through 1 month growth, the fry specification reached 1.0 centimetres ~ 1.5 centimetres/tail, can go out greenhouse Xia Tang, reduced indoor and the temperature difference outer pool, reduced the stress reaction of fry, increased survival rate, and breeding density is 12000 tail/mus;
(2) feedstuff feeding:
Like namely beginning the soya-bean milk of splashing behind the pool under the Ci Bian Minnow prelarva, cultivate wheel animalcule, rich water is cultivated; Still adhere to the soya-bean milk of splashing the last week behind the pool under the fugu obscurus fry, and then 7 days is to throw something and feed in turn with red worm and white young eel material, along with the fry food stops the soya-bean milk of splashing after normal, increases white young eel material material amount, expects until directly moving on to white young eel;
(3) daily management:
Water quality is dense partially in spring, and filling in every month is new water once, and water injection rate is each 15 centimetres; It is moderate that the water concentration in summer, autumn keeps, and transparency is 35 centimetres, and index is tender, alive, refreshing, the new water of annotating once every 7 ~ 10 days, and amount of water is each 10 centimetres; If water quality degenerates, should change water immediately and throw in biologic product regulation and control water quality, keep more than the water-soluble oxygen amount 6mg/L of pond, afternoon, the oxygenation of one o'clock to three was 2 hours, and oxygenation in morning was 2～3 hours in sultry day; To in time handle blue-green algae simultaneously, guard against the ammonia nitrogen poisoning and take place; For preventing fugu obscurus generation saprolegniasis, ich, high temperature season will strengthen quantity of exchanged water, opens aerator in good time, uses 0.4 mg/litre concentration chlorine dioxide full pool spilling head with sterilizing prevent disease every other month.
A kind of fugu obscurus seed according to claim 1 with like the pond mixing breeding method of Ci Bian Minnow seed, it is characterized in that: described step (2) feedstuff feeding is selected apart from 1 meter of bank the food platform to be set around the pond, establish 4 food platforms altogether for every mouthful, throw something and feed every day and sooner or later throw something and feed twice, morning 7:00-8:00, afternoon 4:00-5:00; The bait of throwing something and feeding is followed " four fixed " principle, and feeding volume control was eaten up at 1 hour and is as the criterion, and a day feeding volume is 5～8% of the fry scale of construction, looks fish ingests, active situation suitably increases and decreases daily ration, feeding quantity.
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| CN101032231A (en) * | 2006-03-09 | 2007-09-12 | 上海能正渔业科技开发有限公司 | Techniques for the artificial propagation and larval rearing of fugu obscurus |
| CN101032230A (en) * | 2006-03-09 | 2007-09-12 | 上海能正渔业科技开发有限公司 | Stepped culture selecting method for breeding fugu obscurus |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101032231A (en) * | 2006-03-09 | 2007-09-12 | 上海能正渔业科技开发有限公司 | Techniques for the artificial propagation and larval rearing of fugu obscurus |
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