CN102204520A - Method for breeding soft-shelled turtles artificially - Google Patents
Method for breeding soft-shelled turtles artificially Download PDFInfo
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- CN102204520A CN102204520A CN 201110046380 CN201110046380A CN102204520A CN 102204520 A CN102204520 A CN 102204520A CN 201110046380 CN201110046380 CN 201110046380 CN 201110046380 A CN201110046380 A CN 201110046380A CN 102204520 A CN102204520 A CN 102204520A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for breeding soft-shelled turtles artificially. Soft-shelled turtles are put in a pool with adequate water, good water quality, fresh air and non-polluted soil, and bred together with tilapia mossambica, tarpons, bighead carps and the like; the soft-shelled turtles are bred in an imitated living environment of wild soft-shelled turtles; fresh water is refilled regularly; the water quality is good; the air is fresh; a certain amount of sand is stocked at each pool for the activities of the soft-shelled turtles; non-polluted breeding is implemented; the key links such as regulation and control of water quality, selecting and purchasing of seedlings, usage of feed, usage of disease control drugs and the like are mastered in an emphasized way; and the soft-shelled turtles are ensured to grow normally.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of aquaculture technology method, be specifically related to the artificial cultivating method of a kind of soft-shelled turtle.
Background technology:
Soft-shelled turtle (another name: the blue soft-shelled turtle, silverfish, the green soft-shelled turtle, the blue soft-shelled turtle, favus-infected head soft-shelled turtle, soft-shelled turtle spot), the Chordata CHORDATA → Vertebrate Vertebrata → Reptilia REPTILIA → Chelonia TESTUDINATA → neck tortoise suborder Cryptodira → Trionychidae Trionychidae → soft-shelled turtle of diving belongs to Pelochelys → soft-shelled turtle Pelochelys cantorii.Soft-shelled turtle belongs to country-level focused protection animal, have the title of " panda waterborne ", geographical distribution: Yunnan, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan Island, Guangxi.
Soft-shelled turtle, reptile, outer image tortoise lives in the water, short-tail, the carapace dirty-green, subcircular, length has many goose pimples.Bodily form maximum is a kind of in the fresh water terrapin, and body length is 80～120 centimetres, about the about 50～double centner of body weight, and the maximum double centner that surpasses.The medical value of soft-shelled turtle, according to Song, the famous pharmacy Su Song of man of bright two generations, Li Shizhen (1518-1593 A.D.) checking, its soft skin can be controlled diseases such as disliking sore, hemorrhoid complicated by anal fistula, stupid scabies after soaking with yellow rice wine; Its internal organ can kill hundred worms, antidote poison, continuous muscles and bones, control women's blood-head; Its fat can be controlled the evil sore; Though the courage bitter is poisonous, can control larynx numbness with ginger peppermint juice clothes; Soft-shelled turtle meat is sweet flat, and tonic effect is arranged, and cures mainly damp evil, also controls parasites.
Soft-shelled turtle inhabits in rivers, the lake, is good at sludge sand.With the aquatic animal is food.Be slow in action, metabolism is low, and anti-famine is very capable, and temperature is too high, mistake is hanged down and all carried out dormancy.Soft-shelled turtle inhabits water quality clarification, flow velocity slow rivers or reservoir depths, and seldom migration is liked perching at the bottom. and when only changing, just can be forced to migration, and the knot group phenomena is arranged in its habitat.Soft-shelled turtle is the nocturnal habit animal, swim over to the shoal animals such as spiral shell, a species of small clam living in fresh water, the frog, shrimp, fish of looking for food the evening of being everlasting, and appetite is very big, and it can once eat the food that into is equivalent to body weight 5% usually, can no longer take food in the two weeks then.During predation, soft-shelled turtle can hide in limit, shoal, waters, in a retraction crust, only exposes eye and beak, when treating that prey is close, sends deadly attack.Soft-shelled turtle could not only be used pulmonary respiration, can also use skin, even the throat oxygen uptake, breathes, and this just special physiological function has guaranteed that soft-shelled turtle is not drowned when water-bed hibernation! Every year, November, soft-shelled turtle all can begin on time in water-bed hibernation, until reach half a year April in next year, was " Morpheus ".And summer and autumn soft-shelled turtle can emerge at set intervals and take a breath.
In recent years because river pollution, barrage is built a dam and the people for factor such as catching and killing, wild soft-shelled turtle both domestic and external is endangered, data show 300 of present global soft-shelled turtle lazy weights, it has been survived 1.75 hundred million years on earth; 200 of China's less thaies, quantity is far away from panda (annotate: surplus national wild Giant Panda Population quantity has reached 1590, artificial house's Giant Panda Population quantity reaches 161).Mainly live in ground such as Guangdong and Guangxi Provinces, Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces, the expert claims " concentrating on very remote area ".The protection soft-shelled turtle has become international question, and is very urgent, otherwise will become extinct.
At present, basically can not find the wild soft-shelled turtle that catches both at home and abroad, put back to the Nature again after having only fragmentary several soft-shelled turtles to be caught by people, extremely indivedual tourist attractions adopt bath of glass bunch rearing in box breeding wild soft-shelled turtle to view and admire for the visitor, but occurring death soon, mainly is the living environment that the glass aquarium is not suitable for wild soft-shelled turtle, does not more have entity and individual to carry out the artificial culture technology research of soft-shelled turtle, therefore, the research aspect the artificial culture technology of soft-shelled turtle is still blank both at home and abroad.We were in beginning in 2003, agree through fish-farming operation department, from the fisherman, receive 4 wild soft-shelled turtles that catch, be put in and carry out artificial culture technology research in the pond, simulate the living environment of wild soft-shelled turtle and raise, purpose is to inquire into artificial culture technology measure, method and the effect of soft-shelled turtle, facts have proved, effect is that significantly method is feasible, is worth promoting.
Summary of the invention:
The artificial culture technology measure method that the purpose of this invention is to provide soft-shelled turtle, the method small investment, simple and practical, effect are obviously, promote easily.Be to save soft-shelled turtle, the protection soft-shelled turtle, the development soft-shelled turtle, the environment of saving human survival is especially made should contribution.
Soft-shelled turtle artificial culture technology measure method of the present invention is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps: (1) pond addressing, and the one, to have abundant water resources, water quality is good, with fresh air, soil is pollution-free; The 2nd, ambient conditions is good, no industrial pollution, pesticide pollution and domestic pollution; (2) pond facility adopts native pond culture, and 3～8 mu of every mouthful of pool areas are smooth at the bottom of the pond, mud≤20CM, 1.5～1.8 meters of the depth of waters.Around the fish pond 1 meter high enclosure wall is arranged, prevent that outer race of soft-shelled turtle and stranger from entering.Some sand are stacked on every mouthful of pool, are used for the activity of soft-shelled turtle; (3) sterilization of cleaning up the pond, fish pond are done after the pond shines the end, before putting seedling with quicklime clean up the pond sterilization, adjusting water quality; (4) water body monitoring, implement strict control measure to culturing waters and surrounding environment thereof, regularly detect culturing waters and surrounding environment thereof, (5) kind is selected, the one, from the fisherman, receive the wild soft-shelled turtle that catches, select healthy anosis soft-shelled turtle seedling to put in a suitable place to breed.The 2nd, select seedlings such as healthy anosis Tilapia mossambica, silver carp, flathead to put in a suitable place to breed; (6) breeding density owing to receive that from the fisherman the wild soft-shelled turtle that catches is put in the pond: the breeding density of Tilapia mossambica, silver carp, flathead carries out routinely, carry out catch stay greatly little; (7) feeding manner, wild soft-shelled turtle all are put in the pond, raise together with Tilapia mossambica, silver carp, flathead etc., regularly annotate to renew water; (8) nuisanceless breed is implemented in daily management measure, and emphasis grasp regulating and controlling water quality, seedling are chosen, key links such as feed uses, disease control drug use.As periodic monitoring breeding water matter, adhere to carrying out " aquaculture production record ", correctly use fishing with feed, feed addictive and aquaculture medication, pay attention to insulation and survive the winter.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is that soft-shelled turtle of the present invention is propagated schematic flow sheet artificially.
Embodiment:
Below be to further specify to of the present invention, rather than limitation of the present invention.
Embodiment 1: the artificial cultivating method of a kind of soft-shelled turtle
(1) pond addressing.The one, to have abundant water resources, water quality is good, with fresh air, soil is pollution-free.The 2nd, ambient conditions is good, no industrial pollution, pesticide pollution and domestic pollution.The agricultural of periphery meets pollution-free, nuisanceless breed requirement fully based on pollution-free vegetable, flowers and pollution-free aquaculture etc.
(2) pond facility.Adopt native pond culture, 3～8 mu of every mouthful of pool areas, smooth at the bottom of the pond, mud≤20CM, 1.5～1.8 meters of the depth of waters.Around the fish pond 1 meter high enclosure wall is arranged, prevent that outer race of soft-shelled turtle and stranger from entering.Some sand are stacked on every mouthful of pool, are used for the activity of soft-shelled turtle.
(3) sterilization of cleaning up the pond.Do after the pond shines the end in the fish pond, before putting seedling with quicklime clean up the pond sterilization, adjusting water quality.
(4) water body monitoring.If the quality control work group is responsible for the quality safety monitoring.Particularly implement strict control measure to culturing waters and surrounding environment thereof, around the personnel of Quality Control group must pay close attention to spray insecticide in the farmland, water source, change of water quality have and do not endanger the base breeding production, fish-farming operation, environmental administration actively cooperate, in case discovery contamination accident, in time take the remediation measure, prevent to influence the cultivation base and produce.Regularly detect culturing waters and surrounding environment thereof, the breeding water water quality in this pond meets " pollution-free food aquiculture fresh water water quality " requirement (NY5051-2001).
(5) kind is selected.1. from the fisherman, receive the wild soft-shelled turtle that catches, select healthy anosis soft-shelled turtle seedling to put in a suitable place to breed.2. select seedlings such as healthy anosis Tilapia mossambica, silver carp, flathead to put in a suitable place to breed.
(6) breeding density.Owing to receive that from the fisherman the wild soft-shelled turtle that catches has only 4, all is put in the pond; The breeding density of Tilapia mossambica, silver carp, flathead carries out routinely, carry out catch stay greatly little.
(7) feeding manner.1. 4 wild soft-shelled turtles all are put in the pond, raise together with Tilapia mossambica, silver carp, flathead etc., regularly annotate to renew water.2. the feed of Tilapia mossambica, silver carp, flathead is based on mixed feed, corn, wheat skin etc., and science is thrown something and fed, and regularly uses quicklime, beneficial microbe bacterium and improver of water quality, and water is changed in outfit aerator, water pump oxygenation.Tilapia mossambica, silver carp, flathead are carried out to catch and stay for a short time greatly, promptly are to reach catching of feed specification to offer other fish (as crocodile etc.) and make feed, and the then continuation classification that does not reach specification is cultured.
(8) daily management measure.We carry out the training of healthy aquaculture production technology regulation to the staff, provide the technological guidance to serve, and emphasis grasp regulating and controlling water quality, seedling are chosen, key links such as feed uses, disease control drug use, and the daily management measure has:
1., periodic monitoring breeding water matter, wherein source quality detected once every 10 days, culturing pool matter detected once every 15 days, adopted the NY5051-2001 standard, required pH value 7-8.5, about transparency 30CM, more than the dissolved oxygen 4MG/L.This culturing pool matter is through sampling inspection, and 12 projects of detection comprise look, smelly, flavor, total coli group, mercury, cadmium, lead, chromium, arsenic, copper, fluoride, petroleum-type, hexachlorcyclohexane, dichloro-diphenyl-dichlorothane etc., all meet " pollution-free food aquiculture fresh water water quality " requirement (NY5051-2001).
2., producers should adhere to carrying out " aquaculture production record ", contents such as record breed kind, seed source and growing state, feed resource and the situation of throwing something and feeding, change of water quality, the plan of formulation scientific culture, promotion breed object healthy growth.
3., correctly use fishing feed, feed addictive and aquaculture medication.Soft-shelled turtle is the nocturnal habit animal, swim over to the animals such as spiral shell, a species of small clam living in fresh water, the frog, shrimp, fish of looking for food in the shallow water beach evening of being everlasting, and appetite is very big, and it can once eat the food that into is equivalent to body weight 5% usually, can no longer take food in the two weeks then.According to this situation, some spiral shells of input, a species of small clam living in fresh water eat for it in cultivating pool, because Tilapia mossambica can breed the small fish son in the pond, also have its small fish son, shrimp etc. to eat for it in the pond.Thereby, need not throw in the soft-shelled turtle feed especially.For the Tilapia mossambica in this breed pond, silver carp, flathead etc., undertaken rationally evenly throwing in by each vegetative stage aequum of fish, accomplish to observe every day the fish movement situation, variation of water, and the weather quality determines to throw in every day forage volume flexibly, accomplish to eat, do not waste and be as the criterion, forbid throwing in rotten feed; Ban use of " three do not have " feed, feedstuff additive product.Prevent that feed is rotten, expired; Do not use forbidden drug to be used for fish disease prevention and cure." rely mainly on prevention, control in conjunction with " policy is taked in disease control, based on biologic product, reduces chemicals and uses, and prevention fish disease aggregate measures comprise: the one, select healthy anosis, put in a suitable place to breed through the wild soft-shelled turtle seedling that is up to the standards; The 2nd, select seedlings such as healthy anosis Tilapia mossambica, silver carp, flathead to put in a suitable place to breed.Sterilization degerming earlier before the fry lower storage reservoir; Select high-quality feed for use; Regularly with biologic products such as photosynthetic bacteria, improver of water quality regulation and control water quality.Simultaneously, employing is constantly annotated and is renewed water and cycling use of water, promptly the pond is constantly annotated to renew water, guarantees that pond water is pure and fresh, guarantees the ecological balance, assanation.
4., paying attention to insulation survives the winter.Under the natural environment, annual November, soft-shelled turtle all can begin to stop action in water-bed hibernation on time, until reach half a year in April in next year, during poor growth even stop.We during cold snap, cover the pond with film in the winter time, and inject the pond from the higher water of deep-well water intaking temperature, guarantee soft-shelled turtle and other fish safe overwintering, and it is active to increase soft-shelled turtle simultaneously, and the opening material feeding also can be grown it in the winter time.
We all are put in the pond since 2003 with 4 wild soft-shelled turtles, raise together with Tilapia mossambica, silver carp, flathead etc., through cultural technique research for many years, every two years do the pool and check that effect is fine; Check in October, 2010,4 wild soft-shelled turtles all survive, survival rate 100%, No. 1 soft-shelled turtle when putting in a suitable place to breed 40.5 kilograms increase weight 75.6 kilograms, No. 2 soft-shelled turtles when putting in a suitable place to breed 2.5 kilograms increase weight 22.5 kilograms, No. 3 soft-shelled turtles when putting in a suitable place to breed 2.4 kilograms increase weight 21.6 kilograms, No. 4 soft-shelled turtles when putting in a suitable place to breed 1.8 kilograms increase weight 12.8 kilograms, disease does not take place in soft-shelled turtle and Tilapia mossambica, silver carp, the equal well-grown of flathead basically, output height, quality better, economic benefit height.
Claims (2)
1. the artificial cultivating method of a soft-shelled turtle is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps: (1) pond addressing, and the one, to have abundant water resources, water quality is good, with fresh air, soil is pollution-free; The 2nd, ambient conditions is good, no industrial pollution, pesticide pollution and domestic pollution; (2) pond facility adopts native pond culture, and 3～8 mu of every mouthful of pool areas are smooth at the bottom of the pond, mud≤20CM, 1.5～1.8 meters of the depth of waters.Around the fish pond 1 meter high enclosure wall is arranged, prevent that outer race of soft-shelled turtle and stranger from entering.Some sand are stacked on every mouthful of pool, are used for the activity of soft-shelled turtle; (3) sterilization of cleaning up the pond, fish pond are done after the pond shines the end, before putting seedling with quicklime clean up the pond sterilization, adjusting water quality; (4) water body monitoring is implemented strict control measure to culturing waters and surrounding environment thereof, regularly detects culturing waters and surrounding environment thereof; (5) kind is selected, and the one, from the fisherman, receive the wild soft-shelled turtle that catches, select healthy anosis soft-shelled turtle seedling to put in a suitable place to breed.The 2nd, select seedlings such as healthy anosis Tilapia mossambica, silver carp, flathead to put in a suitable place to breed; (6) breeding density is owing to receive that from the fisherman the wild soft-shelled turtle that catches is put in the pond; The breeding density of Tilapia mossambica, silver carp, flathead carries out routinely, carry out catch stay greatly little; (7) feeding manner, wild soft-shelled turtle all are put in the pond, raise together with Tilapia mossambica, silver carp, flathead etc., regularly annotate to renew water; (8) nuisanceless breed is implemented in daily management measure, and emphasis grasp regulating and controlling water quality, seedling are chosen, key links such as feed uses, disease control drug use.As periodic monitoring breeding water matter, adhere to carrying out " aquaculture production record ", correctly use fishing with feed, feed addictive and aquaculture medication, pay attention to insulation and survive the winter.
2. the artificial cultivating method of soft-shelled turtle according to claim 1 is characterized in that, soft-shelled turtle is put in the pond, raise together with Tilapia mossambica, silver carp, flathead etc., simulate the living environment of wild soft-shelled turtle and raise, regularly notes renew water, and water quality is good, with fresh air, some sand are stacked on every mouthful of pool, are used for the activity of soft-shelled turtle, implement nuisanceless breed, emphasis grasp regulating and controlling water quality, seedling are chosen, key links such as feed uses, disease control drug use, guarantee the normal growth of soft-shelled turtle.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102972349A (en) * | 2012-12-23 | 2013-03-20 | 陈献君 | Crocodile ecological-breeding method |
| CN106259054A (en) * | 2015-05-18 | 2017-01-04 | 冯梓成 | A kind of cultural method of soft-shelled turtle |
| CN106260531A (en) * | 2015-05-18 | 2017-01-04 | 冯梓成 | A kind of soft-shelled turtle feedstuff and preparation method thereof |
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| CN1120387A (en) * | 1995-04-14 | 1996-04-17 | 张福全 | Method for quickly breeding soft-shelled turtle |
| CN1895034A (en) * | 2005-07-14 | 2007-01-17 | 杨月兰 | Non-pollution and ecological large-scale soft-shelled turtle culturing method |
| CN101069491A (en) * | 2006-05-08 | 2007-11-14 | 雍福扣 | Ecological culturing method for adult Chinese soft-shelled turtle |
| CN101878749A (en) * | 2010-06-11 | 2010-11-10 | 杭州萧山天福生物科技有限公司 | Ecological controllable healthy cultivation method for pelodiscus sinensis |
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2011
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1120387A (en) * | 1995-04-14 | 1996-04-17 | 张福全 | Method for quickly breeding soft-shelled turtle |
| CN1895034A (en) * | 2005-07-14 | 2007-01-17 | 杨月兰 | Non-pollution and ecological large-scale soft-shelled turtle culturing method |
| CN101069491A (en) * | 2006-05-08 | 2007-11-14 | 雍福扣 | Ecological culturing method for adult Chinese soft-shelled turtle |
| CN101878749A (en) * | 2010-06-11 | 2010-11-10 | 杭州萧山天福生物科技有限公司 | Ecological controllable healthy cultivation method for pelodiscus sinensis |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102972349A (en) * | 2012-12-23 | 2013-03-20 | 陈献君 | Crocodile ecological-breeding method |
| CN106259054A (en) * | 2015-05-18 | 2017-01-04 | 冯梓成 | A kind of cultural method of soft-shelled turtle |
| CN106260531A (en) * | 2015-05-18 | 2017-01-04 | 冯梓成 | A kind of soft-shelled turtle feedstuff and preparation method thereof |
| CN106259054B (en) * | 2015-05-18 | 2019-01-18 | 冯梓成 | A kind of cultural method of soft-shelled turtle |
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Application publication date: 20111005 |