CN112931320A - Perch fry pond-passing-without-water separation method - Google Patents
Perch fry pond-passing-without-water separation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sculpin fry pond-passing-free method, which comprises the following steps: treating the water bodies of the sublaters before pond division; carrying out anti-stress treatment on female pond fries before pond division; fry no water pond-passing pond; and (5) feeding and managing the fry of the pond after pond division. After the weever fry is anesthetized, waterless weighing and transportation are adopted during pond division and pond passing, so that the accuracy of fry quantity calculation can be effectively improved, the stress reaction of the fry in the fry division process is reduced, and the survival rate of the fry after pond division is improved; simultaneously, the number of the fries weighed and transported at a time is increased, so that the working efficiency is effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to a pond-passing-free method for lateolabrax japonicus fry.
Background
Lateolabrax japonicus, school name: lateolabrax japonica, a fish of Lateolabrax genus of Lateolabrax family. Long body, flat side, large mouth, and slant. The lower jaw is longer than the upper jaw, which is long and ends at the posterior inferior border of the eye. The two enarious, pear bone and palate bone have villous teeth. The rear edge of the anterior branchial cover bone is provided with fine sawteeth, the rear corner is provided with a large spine, the lower edge is provided with 3 large spines towards the rear lower part, and the branchial cover bone is provided with a large spine. Two dorsal fins are provided, the first dorsal fin being longest at the 5 th fin spine. At present, the culture range of the lateolabrax japonicus in China is wide, but the lateolabrax japonicus is mainly bred in Guangdong.
The cultivation of the lateolabrax japonicus can be divided into two stages, namely a seedling marking initial stage and a pond-dividing cultivation stage. The standard seedling is generally 800-900 weever seedlings/jin (namely 0.56-0.63 g/tail) and is put into 1 pond, the putting density is about 4 ten thousand per mu, weever seedling seeds are fed, the standard seedling is about 20-40 g/tail after 3-4 months, and the standard survival rate is generally about 80%. And carrying out pond-by-pond cultivation after the initial marking is finished, wherein the pond-by-pond stocking density is 7000 plus 1000 tails/mu.
According to the traditional perch fry classification method, when the perch fry mark in a mother pond reaches 20-40 g/tail, fry is collected through a net, the fry is sampled firstly, and the accurate specification of the fry is calculated. Fishing the fry, weighing, estimating the number of the fry, and then putting the fry in a pond. In the current pond-crossing method, fry weighing is carried out with water, namely barreled water is used and then placed in an electronic platform scale for peeling, then the collected fry is fished to a barrel with peeled water, placed in the electronic platform scale for weighing, and then transported to a sub-pond to be poured into a culture water body.
However, this conventional method has three disadvantages: 1. the lateolabrax japonicus is provided with long and sharp fin spines and large thorns on the rear edge of a gill cover, so that the lateolabrax japonicus fry has large stress response when being fished into a water bucket and weighed, and the fish bodies are easy to stab mutually, and the mechanical damage easily causes bacterial infection of the fish bodies and great negative influence on the survival rate in the later period; 2. the method estimates the number of seedlings thrown into the aquaculture pond according to the total fish weight and the fry specification calculated by early-stage sampling, but the error of a calculation result is large due to weighing with water in the pond dividing process, so that the thrown number cannot be accurately calculated; 3. the pond dividing process is water transportation, so that the number of the fish fries weighed and transported at each time is not easy to be excessive (the fish fries are too many and oxygen deficiency is easy to cause), the whole workload is very large, and the working efficiency is very low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of large error in calculation of the quantity of lateolabrax japonicus, low survival rate of the fries after being divided into ponds and low working efficiency caused by water-carrying weighing and transportation in the pond dividing process of the lateolabrax japonicus in the prior art, and provides a non-water pond dividing-passing method of the lateolabrax japonicus, wherein after the lateolabrax japonicus is anesthetized, the non-water weighing and transportation are adopted in the pond dividing-passing process, so that the accuracy of the calculation of the quantity of the fries can be effectively improved, the stress reaction of the fries in the pond dividing process is reduced, and the survival rate of the fries after being divided into ponds is improved; simultaneously, the number of the fries weighed and transported at a time is increased, so that the working efficiency is effectively improved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a perch fry no-pond-passing method comprises the following steps:
s1, treating the water bodies of the sublaters before pond division;
s2, performing anti-stress treatment on the female pond fries before pond division;
s3, fry pond-passing without water: sampling and weighing the fry subjected to the anti-stress treatment in the step S2, and calculating the specification of the fry; performing anesthesia treatment on the fry; fishing out the anesthetized fry, draining and weighing; then, the weighed fish fry is put into a sub-pond through the pond;
and S4, feeding and managing the pond fries after pond division.
Preferably, in step S1, the method for treating the water bodies of the daughter ponds before pond division includes: and (4) disinfecting the pond water body by using bleaching powder, and then culturing algae and bacteria.
Preferably, in step S2, the anti-stress treatment method for the fry in the mother pond before pond division includes: sprinkling vitamin C preparation and glucose in the mother pond for 1 time every day for 3-5 days.
Preferably, feeding of the fry in the parent pond before the branch pond is stopped for 1-2 days.
Preferably, in step S3, the method for performing anesthesia treatment on the fry includes: an anesthesia bag is arranged in the water body of the mother pond and is filled with 0.8-1m3Adding an anesthetic into the anesthesia bag, and then putting the fry into the anesthesia bag for anesthesia for 10-15 minutes.
More preferably, the anesthetic is m-aminobenzoic acid ethyl ester methanesulfonate with a molecular formula of C10H15NO5S, the working concentration of the anesthetic is 30-40g/m3。
Further preferably, the temperature of the water body in the anesthesia bag is controlled to be 15-20 ℃.
Further preferably, in step S3, the method for fishing out and draining the anesthetized fry and weighing the fry includes: fishing out the anesthetized fry by using a screen basket for draining, wherein the draining time is 2-3 minutes, and weighing the screen basket containing the fry after draining.
More preferably, in step S4, the method for feeding and managing the pond fries after pond division comprises: and splashing the iodine in the sub-pond for disinfection, and splashing the vitamin C preparation in the aquaculture water body with the dosage of 200-300 g/mu for 3 days.
Further preferably, feeding of the pond fry after the pond division for 1 day is prohibited.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
firstly), in the process of dividing the lateolabrax japonicus fry into ponds and passing the ponds, waterless weighing is adopted, so that the error of the weighing result caused by water is avoided, and the accuracy of calculating the quantity of the lateolabrax japonicus fry is effectively improved;
secondly), the invention uses anesthetic in the whole pond separating-passing to anaesthetize the lateolabrax japonicus, which can effectively reduce the stress reaction of the lateolabrax japonicus in the pond separating-passing, reduce the damage of the fry body and improve the survival rate of the fry after the pond separating;
thirdly), in the whole pond dividing-pond passing process, waterless weighing and transportation are adopted, so that the number of fish fries weighed and transported at a time can be increased, the working efficiency is effectively increased, the working time is saved, and the labor intensity of workers is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the state of experimental groups of lateolabrax japonicus after anaesthetizing in the test of the influence of the non-pond-crossing method and the traditional pond-dividing method on lateolabrax japonicus fry;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a test group of micropterus salmoides fry anhydrous transportation process in an influence test of a pond-passing-through-free method and a traditional pond dividing method on micropterus salmoides fry;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the process of weighing lateolabrax japonicus fry with water in the test of the influence of the non-pond-passing method and the traditional pond separating method on lateolabrax japonicus fry;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the water carrying transportation process of the control group lateolabrax japonicus fry in the test of the influence of the pond-passing-without-pond method and the traditional pond-separating method on the lateolabrax japonicus fry.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments.
Example 1
Treating the water bodies of the sublaters before pond division: the depth of the sub-pond water body is 1.5 m, the sub-pond water body is disinfected by bleaching powder, and then algae cultivation and bacterium cultivation are carried out. The culture algae is chlorella, and the culture bacteria is lactobacillus and bacillus.
After the water body treatment of the sublance is finished, carrying out anti-stress treatment on the parent pond fries before the sublance: and (3) sprinkling a vitamin C preparation and glucose in the water body of the mother pond for 1 time every day, continuously sprinkling for 3 days, and stopping feeding the fry in the mother pond for 2 days before the branch pond.
Fry no-pond separation-pond passage: collecting the female pond fries subjected to anti-stress treatment in a small-range water body after netting, then performing sample making and weighing on the collected fries, wherein the sample making times are 3 times, and 50 tails are made in each time, and calculating the accurate specification of the fries. An anesthesia bag is arranged in the water body of the mother pond and is filled with 0.8m3The pond water is prepared by placing ice bag or ice block in the anesthesia bag, controlling the temperature of water in the anesthesia bag at 15-20 deg.C, adding anesthetic ethyl m-aminobenzoate methanesulfonate into the anesthesia bag, wherein the working concentration of the ethyl m-aminobenzoate methanesulfonate is 30g/m3And then, feeding the fry into an anesthesia bag for anesthesia for 15 minutes, wherein after the anesthesia is completed, more than 95% of the fry have anesthesia reaction, namely the fry turn over. Fishing the anesthetized fry by using a screen basket for draining, wherein the draining time is 2 minutes, the screen basket does not drip water any more after draining is finished, but the fish body is still wet, weighing the screen basket filled with the fry together, transporting the screen basket filled with the fry to a sub-pond, placing the whole screen basket in the water of the sub-pond, and slowly pouring the fry into the sub-pondAnd (6) pouring out.
The number of the fries put into the sub-pond can be accurately calculated according to the fry specification obtained when the fries are sampled and weighed and the total weight weighed when the fries are classified into the pond.
And (3) feeding and managing the fry of the pond after pond division: sprinkling iodine on the sub-ponds for disinfection treatment, killing pathogenic microorganisms in the water body, and preventing bacterial infection caused by low immunity of the fries in the pond dividing process; and the vitamin C preparation is sprinkled in the aquaculture water body, the dosage is 200 g/mu, and 3 days of sprinkling are continuously carried out, so that the immunity of the fish body can be effectively enhanced. And meanwhile, feeding the fry of the child pond after the pond for 1 day, and observing the snatching condition of the fry after 1 day.
Example 2
Treating the water bodies of the sublaters before pond division: the depth of the sub-pond water body is 1.5 m, the sub-pond water body is disinfected by bleaching powder, and then algae cultivation and bacterium cultivation are carried out. The culture algae are chlorella and scenedesmus, and the culture bacteria are lactobacillus, bacillus, saccharomycetes and photosynthetic bacteria.
After the water body treatment of the sublance is finished, carrying out anti-stress treatment on the parent pond fries before the sublance: and (3) sprinkling a vitamin C preparation and glucose in the water body of the mother pond for 1 time every day, continuously sprinkling for 4 days, and stopping feeding the fry in the mother pond for 1 day before the branch pond.
Fry no-pond separation-pond passage: collecting the female pond fries subjected to anti-stress treatment in a small-range water body after netting, then performing sample making and weighing on the collected fries, wherein the sample making times are 3 times, and 60 tails are made in each time, and calculating the accurate specification of the fries. An anesthesia bag is arranged in the water body of the mother pond and is filled with 0.9m3The pond water is prepared by placing ice bag or ice block in the anesthesia bag, controlling the temperature of water in the anesthesia bag at 15-20 deg.C, adding anesthetic ethyl m-aminobenzoate methanesulfonate into the anesthesia bag, wherein the working concentration of the ethyl m-aminobenzoate methanesulfonate is 35g/m3Then 900 fries are put into the anesthesia bag for anesthesia, the anesthesia time is 13 minutes, after the anesthesia is completed, more than 95 percent of fries have anesthesia reaction, namely, the fries turn over laterally. Fishing the anesthetized fry by using a screen basket for draining,fishing 150 fish fries each time, draining for 2 minutes, after draining, the screen basket does not drip water any more, but the fish body is still wet, weighing the screen baskets containing the fish fries together, transporting the screen baskets containing the fish fries to a sub-pond, placing the whole screen basket in the water of the sub-pond, and slowly pouring the fish fries out.
The number of the fries put into the sub-pond can be accurately calculated according to the fry specification obtained when the fries are sampled and weighed and the total weight weighed when the fries are classified into the pond.
And (3) feeding and managing the fry of the pond after pond division: sprinkling iodine on the sub-ponds for disinfection treatment, killing pathogenic microorganisms in the water body, and preventing bacterial infection caused by low immunity of the fries in the pond dividing process; and the vitamin C preparation is sprinkled in the aquaculture water body, the dose is 260 g/mu, and the sprinkling is continued for 3 days, so that the immunity of the fish body can be effectively enhanced. And meanwhile, feeding the fry of the child pond after the pond for 1 day, and observing the snatching condition of the fry after 1 day.
Example 3
Treating the water bodies of the sublaters before pond division: the depth of the sub-pond water body is 1.5 m, the sub-pond water body is disinfected by bleaching powder, and then algae cultivation and bacterium cultivation are carried out. The culture algae are chlorella and scenedesmus, and the culture bacteria are lactobacillus, bacillus, saccharomycetes and photosynthetic bacteria.
After the water body treatment of the sublance is finished, carrying out anti-stress treatment on the parent pond fries before the sublance: and (3) sprinkling a vitamin C preparation and glucose in the water body of the mother pond for 1 time every day, continuously sprinkling for 5 days, and stopping feeding the fry in the mother pond for 2 days before the branch pond.
Fry no-pond separation-pond passage: collecting the female pond fries subjected to anti-stress treatment in a small-range water body after netting, then performing sampling weighing on the collected fries, wherein the sampling times are 3 times, and 70 tails are sampled each time, and calculating the accurate specification of the fries. An anesthesia bag is arranged in the water body of the mother pond and is filled with 1m3The pond water is prepared by placing ice bag or ice block into the anesthesia bag, controlling the temperature of water in the anesthesia bag at 15-20 deg.C, and adding anesthetic ethyl m-aminobenzoate methanesulfonate and ethyl m-aminobenzoate methanesulfonate into the anesthesia bagWorking concentration is 40g/m3And then 1000 fries are put into the anesthesia bag for anesthesia, the anesthesia time is 10 minutes, and after the anesthesia is completed, more than 95 percent of fries have anesthesia reaction, namely the fries turn over laterally. Fishing the anesthetized fry for draining by using a screen basket, fishing 200 fish fries for draining each time, wherein the draining time is 3 minutes, the screen basket does not drip water any more after draining, but the fish body is still wet, weighing the screen basket filled with the fry together, transporting the screen basket filled with the fry to a sub-pond after weighing, placing the whole screen basket in the water of the sub-pond, and slowly pouring the fry out.
The number of the fries put into the sub-pond can be accurately calculated according to the fry specification obtained when the fries are sampled and weighed and the total weight weighed when the fries are classified into the pond.
And (3) feeding and managing the fry of the pond after pond division: sprinkling iodine on the sub-ponds for disinfection treatment, killing pathogenic microorganisms in the water body, and preventing bacterial infection caused by low immunity of the fries in the pond dividing process; and the vitamin C preparation is sprinkled in the aquaculture water body with the dosage of 300 g/mu for 3 days, so that the immunity of the fish body can be effectively enhanced. And meanwhile, feeding the fry of the child pond after the pond for 1 day, and observing the snatching condition of the fry after 1 day.
Test for influence of pond-free pond-passing method and traditional pond-dividing method on lateolabrax japonicus fry
The test method comprises the following steps: selecting about 240 (14.4kg) healthy and deformity-free lateolabrax japonicus, sampling about 60g, randomly and evenly dividing into a test group and a control group, wherein the test group and the control group respectively have about 120(7.2kg) fries. The test group adopts the method of no pond separation and pond passing in the embodiment 1 of the invention; the control group was prepared by a conventional method with a water pond. Recording the weighing times of the lateolabrax japonicus fry of the control group and the test group, and calculating the accuracy of the single weighing tail and the fry input quantity of the lateolabrax japonicus fry of the test group and the control group. The lateolabrax japonicus fry of the test group and the lateolabrax japonicus fry of the control group are cultured for 15 days after being divided into ponds, and the same feed is fed for 2 times a day during the culture period (5: 30-6:00 in the morning and 19:00-19:30 in the afternoon). The water temperature is kept at 29 plus or minus 2 ℃, the ammonia nitrogen is less than 0.6mg/L, and the nitrite is less than 0.2 mg/L. And (4) calculating the survival rate of the lateolabrax japonicus fry of the test group and the control group after 15 days of culture.
The test is repeated 8 times, and totally about 1920 lateolabrax japonicus fry (115.2kg) are used in the test.
The calculation formula is as follows:
single weighing mantissa total mantissa/number of weighing
Survival (%) < 100 × (last/first mantissa)
Fry tail deviation ratio (%) < 100 × [ (fry tail estimated by weight-actually thrown fry tail)/fry tail estimated by weight ]
And (3) test results: the data from 8 trials were averaged and are detailed in table 1. The state of the weever fry in the test group after anesthesia is shown in the attached figure 1; the waterless transportation process of the lateolabrax japonicus fry in the test group is shown in the attached figure 2; the process of weighing the weever fry with water in the control group is shown in the attached figure 3; the water carrying transportation process of the lateolabrax japonicus fry in the control group is shown in the attached figure 4.
TABLE 1 test results of the influence of the pond-passing-through-no-water method and the traditional pond-separating method on lateolabrax japonicus fry
| Grouping | Test group | Control group |
| Deviation ratio of fry number (%) | 0.83 | 9.38 |
| Fry survival rate (%) | 98.42 | 92.08 |
| Number of times of weighing | 2 | 4 |
| Single weighing fry mantissa | 59.50 | 27.19 |
The test data in table 1 show that the deviation rate of the number of fries of the test group is obviously smaller than that of the control group, and the deviation rate of the number of fries of the test group is only 0.83% and is less than 1%, which fully indicates that the pond-passing-without-water method can obviously improve the accuracy of the number calculation of the weever fries in pond division; the survival rate of the fry in the test group is obviously higher than that of the control group, which shows that the anesthetic is adopted to reduce the stress reaction of the fry in the pond dividing process (as shown in figure 1, figure 2, figure 3 and figure 4), so that the damage of the fish body can be effectively reduced, and the survival rate of the fry after the fry are divided into the ponds is improved. The number of times of weighing the fry in the test group is 2, and the tail number of the fry weighed in one time is 59.9; the fry weighing times of the control group are 4 times, the fry weighing tail number of the single fry weighing is 27.19, so that the fry weighing times of the test group are 2 times of that of the control group, the fry weighing times of the test group are only 50% of that of the control group, the working time is greatly saved, the labor intensity is reduced, and the working efficiency of pond separation and pond passing of the lateolabrax japonicus is improved (as shown in attached figures 2 and 4).
The present specification and figures are to be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive, and it is intended that all such alterations and modifications that fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention, and that all such modifications and variations are included within the scope of the invention as determined by the appended claims without the use of inventive faculty.
Claims (10)
1. A perch fry no-pond-passing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, treating the water bodies of the sublaters before pond division;
s2, performing anti-stress treatment on the female pond fries before pond division;
s3, fry pond-passing without water: sampling and weighing the fry subjected to the anti-stress treatment in the step S2, and calculating the specification of the fry; performing anesthesia treatment on the fry; fishing out the anesthetized fry, draining and weighing; then, the weighed fish fry is put into a sub-pond through the pond;
and S4, feeding and managing the pond fries after pond division.
2. The pond-passing-free method for lateolabrax japonicus fry according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the method for treating the water bodies in the sublevel pond comprises the following steps: and (4) disinfecting the pond water body by using bleaching powder, and then culturing algae and bacteria.
3. The pond-free sculpin fry passing-through method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the anti-stress treatment method for the mother pond fry before pond division comprises the following steps: sprinkling vitamin C preparation and glucose in the mother pond for 1 time every day for 3-5 days.
4. The pond-free weever fry passing-through method according to claim 3, wherein the fry in the mother pond before the branch pond is stopped from being fed with feed for 1 to 2 days.
5. The pond-free pond-passing method for lateolabrax japonicus fry according to claim 1, wherein the method for performing anesthesia treatment on the fry in the step S3 comprises the following steps: an anesthesia bag is arranged in the water body of the mother pond and is filled with 0.8-1m3Adding an anesthetic into the anesthesia bag, and then putting the fry into the anesthesia bag for anesthesia for 10-15 minutes.
6. The pond-free pond-passing method of lateolabrax japonicus fry according to claim 5, wherein the anesthetic is m-aminobenzoate mesylate with a molecular formula C10H15NO5S, the working concentration of the anesthetic is 30-40g/m3。
7. The pond-free sculpin fry passing-through method according to claim 5, wherein the temperature of the water in the anesthesia bag is controlled to be 15-20 ℃.
8. The pond-free sculpin fry passing method according to claim 1, wherein the method for fishing out, draining and weighing the narcotized fries in step S3 comprises: fishing out the anesthetized fry by using a screen basket for draining, wherein the draining time is 2-3 minutes, and weighing the screen basket containing the fry after draining.
9. The pond-free sculpin fry passing-through method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the pond fry feeding management method after pond division comprises the following steps: and splashing the iodine in the sub-pond for disinfection, and splashing the vitamin C preparation in the aquaculture water body with the dosage of 200-300 g/mu for 3 days.
10. The pond-free sculpin fry passing method according to claim 9, wherein feeding of the sculpin fry after the pond division is prohibited for 1 day.
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