CN101057563B - Novel method for crab pond comprehensive ecological cultivation - Google Patents
Novel method for crab pond comprehensive ecological cultivation Download PDFInfo
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- CN101057563B CN101057563B CN200710023022XA CN200710023022A CN101057563B CN 101057563 B CN101057563 B CN 101057563B CN 200710023022X A CN200710023022X A CN 200710023022XA CN 200710023022 A CN200710023022 A CN 200710023022A CN 101057563 B CN101057563 B CN 101057563B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses a new comprehensive ecological method for cultivating crab in pond, comprising following steps: (1) choosing pond; (2)disinfecting pond; (3)planting aquatic weed; (4) establishing temporary cultivating area; (5) replanting snails; (6) stocking qualitative seed, stocking self-cultured crabs, shrimp, mandarin fish, Erythroculter ilishaeformis, yellow catfish, crucian and silver carp; (7) managing and paying attention on feedstuff supply, water quality moderation and disease preventing and treating. The crab yield is 60 kg per mu crab pond area, 30kg shrimp, 100kg high quality fish, and it is proved by real cultivation that the benefit per mu is increased by 500-600 yuan, and it is reliable technical support for farmers increasing their income. It is called '631'cultivation model.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to aquaculture method, relate in particular to the crab pond comprehensive ecological cultivation method.
Background technology:
At present, crab is pool cultivated still adopts traditional aquaculture model single, only carries out the breed of river crab, also has the prior art and the successful experience of integrated culture, the comprehensive utilization ratio in crab pond is very low, the economic benefit of unit are is not fully exerted, and along with popularizing of culture of Chinese mitten crab, the cultured area of river crab constantly increases, the market price of river crab progressively tends to be reasonable, quick-fried sharp phenomenon has not originally existed, if the pool cultivated pattern of crab is not improved, the pool cultivated profit of crab is difficult to improve.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to utilize more fully the crab pond water surface, increasing economic efficiency for aquaculture provides a kind of novel method for crab pond comprehensive ecological cultivation, and it comprises following content:
1. the pond is selected
Near the water source, to have abundant water resources, water quality is pure and fresh pollution-free, meets national fishery water standard, and the water filling draining is convenient, and dark 2 meters of pond, slope were than 1: 3, and 5 centimetres-10 centimetres in mud builds up the anti-facility of escaping with calcium-plastic board or polythene net;
2. the sterilization of cleaning up the pond
Clean up the pond winter, drains Chi Shui earlier, freezes to shine one month, eliminates too much mud, becomes silted up 5 centimetres-10 centimetres for well to stay, and is used to plant benthons such as pasture and water and cultivation spiral shell, adds 10 centimetres in water, and full pond is sprinkled and watered the quicklime breast, 150 kilograms-200 kilograms of mu consumptions;
3. plant pasture and water
2-3 is between the month, and the water temperature bottom out is planted pasture and water, based on waterweed in the crab pond, cut the stem segmentation and plant, it is capable planting with thing, between north and south is, behind 5 meters * 4 meters of the line spaces, pasture and water plantations, execute 3 kilograms-5 kilograms of 20 kilograms-25 kilograms of biological organic fertilizers or composite fertilizers for every mu;
4. be provided with and support the district temporarily
Net blocks a waters in the pond, sets up above net blocks and prevents escaping facility, is used for the crab kind and concentrates reinforced cultivating, supports temporarily and distinguishes the 20%-30% that area accounts for big pool area;
5. move and grow spiral shell
Before and after the Ching Ming Festival, throw in the spiral shell of living, be used for breeding, for river crab provides active bait, it is fertile to be beneficial to suction, purifies pond water quality, and every mu of water surface moves grows 300 kilograms on spiral shell alive, and in 7-8 month, every mu is replenished 150 kilograms-200 kilograms again;
6. put high quality seedling in a suitable place to breed
(1) puts self-fertile crab kind in a suitable place to breed
Put 600 of self-fertile crab kinds in a suitable place to breed for every mu, put into earlier and support district's reinforced cultivating temporarily, after May, freshwater shrimp is fished for basic end, and pasture and water also grow up in the pond, complete again pond bulk storage;
(2) alternate culture freshwater shrimp
The crab pond is idle before May, the water body fish loading amount is little, main purpose is the growth pasture and water, utilize one season of this stage alternate culture freshwater shrimp, can effectively improve the crab pond comprehensive benefit, concrete operations: 1-2 month, after the preparation of ponds sterilization property of medicine disappears, mu is put 10 kilograms of the freshwater shrimp kinds of crossing pond or local cultivation about specification 2000 tail/kilograms, directly puts into Da Tang;
(3) cover is supported mandarin fish, erythroculter ilishaeformis, yellow cartfish
By the end of April-5 month, mu is put large-sized Erythroculter ilishaeformis fingerling 20 tails of long 10 centimetres of body, at the beginning of 6 months by the end of May, mu put body long more than 5 centimetres through mandarin fish kind 20 tails of reinforced cultivating, can directly utilize water bottom small fish class; Also can overlap and support the yellow cartfish kind, the time of putting in a suitable place to breed is the 2-3 month, is advisable about every mu 50 tail of stocking rate;
(4) reasonably combined hybridized prussian carp, flower silver carp
Put in a suitable place to breed every mu of 2-3 month about big specification hybridized prussian carp kind 50 tails, one can obtain part crucian output, but two egg reproductions, for mandarin fish, erythroculter ilishaeformis provide agreeable to the taste living bait continuously; The 6-7 month, every mu of cover silver carp fingerling 50 tails of growing flower, when obtaining flower silver carp output, also can be by the filter food effect of flower silver carp, the plankton in the picked-up water reduces water body fertilizer degree;
7. tighten management
(1) feedstuff feeding
River crab is adopted manufactured feed, and feeding volume calculates by the river crab body weight, early stage 3-5%, mid-term 5-6%, later stage 6-8%.The pond crucian carp feed is thrown something and fed to throw in preceding 2 hours at feed for river crab and is raised, to improve the feed for river crab availability.As the small crucian lazy weight of wild fishes class and breeding in the water body, the expanded pellet diet of then should throwing something and feeding to satisfy the demand of ingesting of erythroculter ilishaeformis, also can avoid erythroculter ilishaeformis and mandarin fish to strive food, cannibalisation.
(2) regulation and control water quality
Notes renew water, use probioticses such as photosynthetic bacteria, the former dew of EM, open aerator.
(3) prevent and cure diseases
Follow the principle of " put prevention first, prevent and treat in conjunction with ", adhere to walking the road of environmental health breeds, take the method for " cure the disease with control worm combine ", " disappear with take orally combine ", " Chinese medicine combines with Western medicine " outward, the generation of active prevention disease.Catch " prevent, control, protect " three phases emphatically: the 4-5 month, adopt the zinc sulphate compound medicine to kill infusorian once, after being separated by 1-2 days, use BCDMH or Operand to carry out water body disinfection, and make particle bait with 1% Chinese herbal medicine, and threw something and fed continuously 5-7 days, prevent that disease from taking place; Before high temperature arrives after the bai-u rainy period, slaughter infusorian once more, in conjunction with water body disinfection and pharmaceutical chemistry for oral administration.Simultaneously, strengthen throwing something and feeding, strengthen river crab physique, improve resistance against diseases, guarantee to increase weight and fatten until listing.
Adopt comprehensive breeding method of the present invention, 60 kilograms of river crabs can be produced in every mu of crab pond, 30 kilograms of freshwater shrimps, 100 kilograms of unblemished fish, prove through actual culture experiment, but 500～600 yuan of every mu of crab pond new returns, remarkable in economical benefits, the robust techniques that is new period fishery synergy increasing peasant income supports, and is called for short crab pond " 631 " aquaculture model.
Claims (1)
1. crab pond comprehensive ecological cultivation method, it comprises following content:
1. the pond is selected
Near the water source, to have abundant water resources, water quality is pure and fresh pollution-free, meets national fishery water standard, and the water filling draining is convenient, and dark 2 meters of crab pond, slope were than 1: 3, and 5 centimetres-10 centimetres in mud builds up the anti-facility of escaping with calcium-plastic board or polythene net;
2. the sterilization of cleaning up the pond
Clean up the pond winter, drains Chi Shui earlier, freezes to shine one month, eliminates too much mud, becomes silted up 5 centimetres-10 centimetres for well to stay, and is used to plant pasture and water and cultivates the spiral shell benthon, adds 10 centimetres in water, and full pond is sprinkled and watered the quicklime breast, 150 kilograms-200 kilograms of mu consumptions;
3. plant pasture and water
2-3 is between the month, and the water temperature bottom out is planted pasture and water, based on waterweed in the crab pond, cut the stem segmentation and plant, it is capable planting with thing, between north and south is, behind 5 meters * 4 meters of the line spaces, pasture and water plantations, execute 3 kilograms-5 kilograms of 20 kilograms-25 kilograms of biological organic fertilizers or composite fertilizers for every mu;
4. be provided with and support the district temporarily
Net blocks a waters in the pond, sets up above net blocks and prevents escaping facility, is used for the crab kind and concentrates reinforced cultivating, supports temporarily and distinguishes the 20%-30% that area accounts for big pool area;
5. move and grow spiral shell
Before and after the Ching Ming Festival, throw in the spiral shell of living, be used for breeding, for river crab provides active bait, it is fertile to be beneficial to suction, purifies pond water quality, and every mu of water surface moves grows 300 kilograms on spiral shell alive, and in 7-8 month, every mu is replenished 150 kilograms-200 kilograms again;
6. put high quality seedling in a suitable place to breed
(1) puts self-fertile crab kind in a suitable place to breed
Put 600 of self-fertile crab kinds in a suitable place to breed for every mu, put into earlier and support district's reinforced cultivating temporarily, after May, freshwater shrimp is fished for basic end, and pasture and water also grow up in the pond, complete again pond bulk storage;
(2) alternate culture freshwater shrimp
The crab pond is idle before May, the water body fish loading amount is little, main purpose is the growth pasture and water, utilize one season of this stage alternate culture freshwater shrimp, concrete operations: 1-2 month, after the preparation of ponds sterilization property of medicine disappeared, mu was put 10 kilograms of the freshwater shrimp kinds of crossing pond or local cultivation of specification 2000 tail/kilograms, directly puts into Da Tang;
(3) cover is supported mandarin fish, erythroculter ilishaeformis, yellow cartfish
By the end of April-5 month, mu is put large-sized Erythroculter ilishaeformis fingerling 20 tails of long 10 centimetres of body, at the beginning of 6 months by the end of May, mu put body long more than 5 centimetres through mandarin fish kind 20 tails of reinforced cultivating, utilize water bottom small fish class, cover is supported the yellow cartfish kind, the time of putting in a suitable place to breed is the 2-3 month, and every mu 50 tail of stocking rate is advisable;
(4) reasonably combined hybridized prussian carp, flower silver carp
Every mu of 2-3 month put big specification hybridized prussian carp kind 50 tails in a suitable place to breed, both can obtain part crucian output, but egg reproduction again, for mandarin fish, erythroculter ilishaeformis provide agreeable to the taste living bait continuously; The 6-7 month, every mu of cover silver carp fingerling 50 tails of growing flower, when obtaining flower silver carp output, also can be by the filter food effect of flower silver carp, the plankton in the picked-up water reduces water body fertilizer degree;
7. tighten management
(1) feedstuff feeding
River crab is adopted manufactured feed, feeding volume calculates by the river crab body weight, the early stage 3-5%, mid-term 5-6%, later stage 6-8%, the pond crucian carp feed is thrown something and fed to throw in preceding 2 hours at feed for river crab and is raised, to improve the feed for river crab availability, as if the small crucian lazy weight of wild fishes class in the water body and breeding, the expanded pellet diet of then should throwing something and feeding, to satisfy the demand of ingesting of erythroculter ilishaeformis, also can avoid erythroculter ilishaeformis and mandarin fish to strive food, cannibalisation;
(2) regulation and control water quality
Notes renew water, use photosynthetic bacteria, the former dew probiotics of EM, open aerator;
(3) prevent and cure diseases
Follow the principle of " putting prevention first, prevent and treat combination ", take the method for " cure the disease with control worm combine ", " disappear and combine ", " Chinese medicine combines with Western medicine " outward with for oral administration, the generation of active prevention disease, catch " prevent, control, protect " three phases emphatically: the 4-5 month, adopt the zinc sulphate compound medicine to kill infusorian once, after being separated by 1-2 days, use BCDMH or Operand to carry out water body disinfection, and make particle bait with 1% Chinese herbal medicine, and threw something and fed continuously 5-7 days, prevent that disease from taking place; Before high temperature arrives after the bai-u rainy period, slaughter infusorian once more,, strengthen throwing something and feeding, strengthen river crab physique, improve resistance against diseases, guarantee to increase weight and fatten until listing in conjunction with water body disinfection and pharmaceutical chemistry for oral administration.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN200710023022XA CN101057563B (en) | 2007-05-31 | 2007-05-31 | Novel method for crab pond comprehensive ecological cultivation |
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| CN200710023022XA CN101057563B (en) | 2007-05-31 | 2007-05-31 | Novel method for crab pond comprehensive ecological cultivation |
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| CN101057563B true CN101057563B (en) | 2010-09-08 |
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