CN105248123A - Sugarcane cultivation method - Google Patents
Sugarcane cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105248123A CN105248123A CN201510758084.XA CN201510758084A CN105248123A CN 105248123 A CN105248123 A CN 105248123A CN 201510758084 A CN201510758084 A CN 201510758084A CN 105248123 A CN105248123 A CN 105248123A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/10—Aromatic or araliphatic carboxylic acids, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sugarcane cultivation method, comprising the following steps of A) spraying 50% carbendazol wettable powder 500-800 times solution to the whole orchard after seeding furrows are dug on ridges; B) spraying water to the seeding furrows, paving a layer of polyvinyl alcohol film in each seeding furrow, applying nutrient soil into the seeding furrows, and keeping the thickness of the nutrient soil to be 5-8 cm; C) spraying plant vinegar 10-30 times solution on the surface of the nutrient soil, and applying base fertilizers on the nutrient soil; D) immersing seed stems in a seed coating agent for 1-2 s, taking out the seed stems, cooling the seed stems till the seed coating agent is solidified, placing the seed stems on the base fertilizers, covering the seed stems with soil, spraying water, covering the ridges with a layer of mulching film after the soil moisture content is 40-60%, enabling the mulching film to cover the polyvinyl alcohol film at the outside of the seeding furrows, uncovering the mulching film every 1-2 days, and removing the mulching film when the room temperature in the daytime reaches above 20 DEG C. The sugarcane cultivation method has the advantages of capably improving the sugarcane sprouting ratio, the seedling survival rate, sugar content and the sugarcane yield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of plant growing technology.More particularly, the present invention relates to the cultivation method of a kind of sugarcane.
Background technology
Sugarcane is temperate zone and tropical crops, containing abundant sugar, moisture in sugarcane, also containing the material such as various vitamins, fat, protein, organic acid, calcium, iron be highly profitable to human metabolism, fruit sugarcane specializes in the sugarcane eaten raw, and it has features such as comparatively easily tearing, fiber is few, sugar is moderate, stem is crisp, juice multi-flavor beautiful, mouthfeel is good and stem is thick, joint is long, stem shape is attractive in appearance.Sugarcane sugar content is higher, is used to the raw material of refining sugar.Sugarcane can refine ethanol as energy substitution product, has very high economic worth.
The environmental factor affecting sugarcane germination is a lot, as temperature, moisture and air etc.For want of scientific and effective management in existing cultivation of sugar cane process, also exists kind of stem bud ratio low, and damage by disease and insect is serious, the problems such as sugar content is low.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the cultivation method of a kind of sugarcane, it can improve the output of the bud ratio of sugarcane, the survival rate of bud, sugar content and sugarcane.
In order to realize, according to these objects of the present invention and other advantage, providing the cultivation method of a kind of sugarcane, comprising:
Within 1-2 days, deep plough before A, sowing, the deep ploughing degree of depth is 28-30cm, after deep ploughing, be that 1.3-1.4m starts by line-spacing, mound Cheng Long slope in the ranks, slope, ridge being dug along its length dark is 25-30cm, and wide is after the seed furrow of 20-22cm, and 50% carbendazol wettable powder 500-800 times liquid is sprayed in full garden;
B, in seed furrow water spray after, length direction along seed furrow lays layer of polyethylene alcohol film, make bottom and the inwall of polyvinyl alcohol film cover-seeding ditch, and extend the inwall of described seed furrow, be the red heart soil of 10-20 part afterwards by parts by weight, the forest top soil of 5-7 part, the ash of 3-5 part, the peat of 2-3 part, the lysozyme of 0.02-0.04 part, the shitosan of 0.03-0.05 part, the water-loss reducer of 0.1-0.3 part and 0.01-0.02 part essence mixing of loosening the soil after make Nutrition Soil, apply in seed furrow, make the thickness of Nutrition Soil be 5-8cm;
C, spray plant vinegar liquid 10-30 times liquid to Nutrition Soil surface after, be the sodium nitrate of 10-20 part by parts by weight, make base manure after the mixing of the magnesium sulfate of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 5-10 part, the potassium sulfate of 10-15 part, the zinc sulphate of 1-2 part and 1-2 part and spread fertilizer over the fields on Nutrition Soil;
D, kind of a stem is placed in after seed coat agent soaks 1-2s, take out, be cooled to seed coat agent to solidify and be placed on base manure, build backfill soil afterwards, water spray, makes soil moisture content be after 40-60%, slope, ridge covers one deck mulch film, make the polyvinyl alcohol film outside plastic mulching seed furrow, opened mulch film once every 1-2 days afterwards, remove mulch film when daytime when room temperature reaches more than 20 DEG C; The preparation method of described seed coat agent is: to be parts by weight that the agar of 3-5 part is placed in 20-30 DEG C by parts by weight the be water of 100 parts, after placing 2-3h, 20min is boiled in heating, be cooled to 43-44 DEG C afterwards, obtain agar solution, in described agar solution, add methyl α-naphthyl acetate, the lysozyme of 0.001-0.002 part and the glycerine of 0.5-0.7 part that parts by weight are 0.01-0.03 part, stir, obtain described seed coat agent.
Preferably, in the cultivation method of described sugarcane, also comprise:
After sugarcane bud breaks through mulch film, by both ends open and the plastic bottle of inner hollow through inserting in soil after described sugarcane bud.
Preferably, in the cultivation method of described sugarcane, described plant vinegar liquid is any one or a few in pyroligneous liquor, careless vinegar liquid and bamboo vinegar.
Preferably, in the cultivation method of described sugarcane, described plastic bottle is made up of transparent material, described plastic bottle is made up of integrated upper part and lower part, described top is divided into reverse frustoconic, described bottom is divided into cylindrical, the equal diameters of the diameter of described lower part and the bottom of described upper part, the dead in line of described upper part and described lower part.
Preferably, in the cultivation method of described sugarcane, the diameter of described lower part is 3-5cm, and the diameter at the top of described upper part is 7-9cm, and the height of described lower part is 8-10cm, and the height of described upper part is 3-5cm.
Preferably, in the cultivation method of described sugarcane, also comprise:
After the seedling length of adjacent two sugarcanes contacts with each other entirely, remove described plastic bottle.
Preferably, in the cultivation method of described sugarcane, before described kind of stem being placed in the immersion of described seed coat agent, also comprise:
Described kind of stem is placed in the ozone water solution that ozone concentration is 5-8mg/L, soaks 5-10min.
The present invention at least comprises following beneficial effect:
50% carbendazol wettable powder 500-800 times liquid is sprayed in Xian Duiquan garden of the present invention, can carry out sterilization, prevent the generation of soil-borne disease to soil, is conducive to the survival rate improving young shoot.
The present invention is equipped with polyvinyl alcohol film in seed furrow, can prevent the loss of fertilizer, water etc., has saved resource, is conducive to effective utilization of fertilizer and water.
The present invention applies nutritious soil in seed furrow, Nutrition Soil nutrient component is high, and the soil is porous, plant stem to sow after on Nutrition Soil, both the organic nutrient in Absorbable rod Nutrition Soil, inorganic nutrients again in Absorbable rod base manure, combines inorganic fertilizer and organic manure, and the growth for seedling provides sufficient nutrient.
The present invention has seed coat agent at the Surface coating of kind of stem, containing methyl α-naphthyl acetate in seed coat agent, the cell division of kind of stem can be promoted, be conducive to the growth of root, lysozyme can the peptide glycan of hydrolytic bacteria cell wall effectively, causes cell wall rupture content overflow and make bacterolysis; Glycerine has good moistening effect, and kind of stem can be made to grow for a long time under suitable damp condition.Agar can make the active ingredient in seed coat agent be fixed on kind of stem.Seed coat agent can promote the growth of kind of stem, and the growth for kind of stem provides good environment.
The present invention's plastic bottle is protected young shoot, and soil-borne disease and insect etc. can be prevented the infringement of young shoot, also can play the guiding role to the growth of seedling after seedling grows; prevent seedling long askew; plastic bottle is made up of transparent material, can not affect the photosynthesis of bud and seedling, and can reuse.
Part is embodied by explanation below by other advantage of the present invention, target and feature, part also will by research and practice of the present invention by those skilled in the art is understood.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, can implement according to this with reference to specification word to make those skilled in the art.
Embodiment 1
A cultivation method for sugarcane, comprising:
A, sow first 1 day and deep plough, the deep ploughing degree of depth is 28cm, after deep ploughing, be that 1.3m starts by line-spacing, mound Cheng Long slope in the ranks, slope, ridge being dug along its length dark is 25cm, wide is after the seed furrow of 20cm, and 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 500 times of liquid are sprayed in full garden; Sterilization can be carried out to soil, prevent the generation of soil-borne disease, be conducive to the survival rate improving young shoot.
B, in seed furrow water spray after, length direction along seed furrow lays layer of polyethylene alcohol film, make bottom and the inwall of polyvinyl alcohol film cover-seeding ditch, and extend the inwall of described seed furrow, be the red heart soil of 10 parts afterwards by parts by weight, make Nutrition Soil after the essence mixing of loosening the soil of the forest top soil of 5 parts, the ash of 3 parts, the peat of 2 parts, the lysozyme of 0.02 part, the shitosan of 0.03 part, the water-loss reducer of 0.1 part and 0.01 part, apply in seed furrow, make the thickness of Nutrition Soil be 5cm; Red heart soil is not subject to the impact of earth's surface plow layer and growing plant substantially, and germ and worm's ovum are all fewer, and the incidence of damage by disease and insect can be made greatly to reduce.Forest top soil is the humus soil rotting after plant and microbial death and produce, and the content of organic matter is enriched, and can provide sufficient nutrient for kind of stem; Peat is aseptic, nontoxic, pollution-free, and venting capability is good, light weight, water holding, fertilizer conservation, is conducive to microbial activities, strengthen biological property, nutritious, be cultivation matrix, again good soil mediator agent, and containing very high organic matter, humus and nutrition.Metal ion in shitosan energy adsorption fertilizer, makes metal ion slow releasing, time fertilizer efficiency more permanent, and there is bacteriostatic activity; Lysozyme can the peptide glycan of hydrolytic bacteria cell wall effectively, causes cell wall rupture content overflow and make bacterolysis; Water-loss reducer is the functional high molecule material that a kind of water absorbing capacity is strong especially.Nontoxic, repeatedly release water, water suction, it can also absorb fertilizer, agricultural chemicals slow releasing, and increase fertilizer efficiency, drug effect, chesson, can provide good growing environment for sugarcane, also can economize on resources.Essence of loosening the soil is the highly active polymer of a kind of macromolecule, and stability is strong, can arbitrary proportion water-soluble, be adapted to the various soil such as acidity, neutrality, alkalescence, viscosity, Sha Xing, can with chemical fertilizer, rush apply fertilizer, hormone, insecticide mix and apply.Effectively can nurse one's health, improve soil aggregate, eliminate soil compaction, strengthen soil penetrability; Improve the shock-absorbing capacity of soil, soil secondary salinization because weed killer herbicide and excessive fertilization cause and continuous cropping can be alleviated to the harm of crop; Promote that in soil, beneficial microorganism grows, and improves utilization rate of fertilizer; Promote that plant growth, well developed root system, Miao Qimiao strengthen, resistance against diseases strengthens, and effect of increasing production is obvious.Polyvinyl alcohol is uniquely can by the polyvinyl of bacterium as carbon source and using energy source, and under the effect of bacterium and enzyme, 46 days degradables 75%, belong to a kind of Biodegradable polymer material.Along with the growth of kind of stem, the resistance grow of sugarcane, after growth is stable, polyvinyl alcohol is degraded gradually, does not pollute the environment.
C, spray pyroligneous liquor 10 times of liquid to Nutrition Soil surface after, be the sodium nitrate of 10 parts by parts by weight, make base manure after the mixing of the magnesium sulfate of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 5 parts, the potassium sulfate of 10 parts, the zinc sulphate of 1 part and 1 part and spread fertilizer over the fields on Nutrition Soil; Plant vinegar liquid main component is acetic acid, phenols, water, and wherein organic composition acetic acid accounts for more than 10%, also containing mineral matters such as K, Ca, Mg, Zn, Ge, Mn, Fe, in addition containing Aneurine and B2.Plant vinegar liquid can suppress the breeding of miscellaneous bacteria, has fungi-proofing, insect protected effect.Plant vinegar liquid and fertilizer use, and the absorbent properties of fertilizer can be made better, and effect is better, also can promote the growth of sugarcane root, promotes the breeding of useful organisms.
D, kind of a stem is placed in after seed coat agent soaks 1s, take out, be cooled to seed coat agent to solidify and be placed on base manure, build backfill soil afterwards, water spray, make soil moisture content be after 40%, slope, ridge covers one deck mulch film, make the polyvinyl alcohol film outside plastic mulching seed furrow, opened mulch film once every 1 day afterwards, remove mulch film when daytime when room temperature reaches more than 20 DEG C; The preparation method of described seed coat agent is: to be parts by weight that the agar of 3 parts is placed in 20-30 DEG C by parts by weight the be water of 100 parts, after placing 2h, 20min is boiled in heating, be cooled to 43 DEG C afterwards, obtain agar solution, in described agar solution, add the glycerine that parts by weight are the methyl α-naphthyl acetate of 0.01 part, the lysozyme of 0.001 part and 0.5 part, stir, obtain described seed coat agent.The Surface coating of kind of stem has seed coat agent, containing methyl α-naphthyl acetate in seed coat agent, can promote the cell division of kind stem, be conducive to the growth of root, and lysozyme can the peptide glycan of hydrolytic bacteria cell wall effectively, causes cell wall rupture content overflow and make bacterolysis; Glycerine has good moistening effect, and kind of stem can be made to grow for a long time under suitable damp condition.Agar can make the active ingredient in seed coat agent be fixed on kind of stem.Seed coat agent can promote the growth of kind of stem, and the growth for kind of stem provides good environment.Glycerine has good moistening effect, and kind of stem can be made to grow for a long time under suitable damp condition.
In the cultivation method of described sugarcane, also comprise:
After sugarcane bud breaks through mulch film, by both ends open and the plastic bottle of inner hollow through inserting in soil after described sugarcane bud.Plastic bottle is protected young shoot, and soil-borne disease and insect etc. can be prevented the infringement of young shoot.
In the cultivation method of described sugarcane, described plant vinegar liquid is careless vinegar liquid.
In the cultivation method of described sugarcane, described plastic bottle is made up of transparent material, described plastic bottle is made up of integrated upper part and lower part, described top is divided into reverse frustoconic, described bottom is divided into cylindrical, the equal diameters of the diameter of described lower part and the bottom of described upper part, the dead in line of described upper part and described lower part.Scatter in the top of seedling, plastic bottle upper part is reverse frustoconic, is conducive to the expansion of seedling, makes plastic bottle when shielding to seedling, also can make seedling self-sow.When seedling is long, after propping up plastic bottle inner wall, seedling starts long curved, manually upwards can be smoothed out with the fingers by seedling, seedling is grown along the direction of plastic bottle opening.
In the cultivation method of described sugarcane, the diameter of described lower part is 3cm, and the diameter at the top of described upper part is 7cm, and the height of described lower part is 8cm, and the height of described upper part is 3cm.
In the cultivation method of described sugarcane, also comprise:
After the seedling of adjacent two sugarcanes grows to and contacts with each other, remove described plastic bottle.After two offspring contacts, plastic bottle, for preventing the significance propagation of damage by disease and insect little, also can limit the growth of seedling, so remove.
In the cultivation method of described sugarcane, before described kind of stem being placed in the immersion of described seed coat agent, also comprise:
Described kind of stem is placed in the ozone water solution that ozone concentration is 5mg/L, soaks 5min.Can kill the bacterium on kind of stem, fungi and virus etc., prevent kind of stem from self carrying disease germs, and be lowered into motility rate.
Embodiment 2
A cultivation method for sugarcane, comprising:
A, sow first 2 days and deep plough, the deep ploughing degree of depth is 30cm, after deep ploughing, be that 1.4m starts by line-spacing, mound Cheng Long slope in the ranks, slope, ridge being dug along its length dark is 30cm, wide is after the seed furrow of 22cm, and 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 800 times of liquid are sprayed in full garden; Sterilization can be carried out to soil, prevent the generation of soil-borne disease, be conducive to the survival rate improving young shoot.
B, in seed furrow water spray after, length direction along seed furrow lays layer of polyethylene alcohol film, make bottom and the inwall of polyvinyl alcohol film cover-seeding ditch, and extend the inwall of described seed furrow, be the red heart soil of 20 parts afterwards by parts by weight, make Nutrition Soil after the essence mixing of loosening the soil of the forest top soil of 7 parts, the ash of 5 parts, the peat of 3 parts, the lysozyme of 0.04 part, the shitosan of 0.05 part, the water-loss reducer of 0.3 part and 0.02 part, apply in seed furrow, make the thickness of Nutrition Soil be 8cm; Red heart soil is not subject to the impact of earth's surface plow layer and growing plant substantially, and germ and worm's ovum are all fewer, and the incidence of damage by disease and insect can be made greatly to reduce.Forest top soil is the humus soil rotting after plant and microbial death and produce, and the content of organic matter is enriched, and can provide sufficient nutrient for kind of stem; Peat is aseptic, nontoxic, pollution-free, and venting capability is good, light weight, water holding, fertilizer conservation, is conducive to microbial activities, strengthen biological property, nutritious, be cultivation matrix, again good soil mediator agent, and containing very high organic matter, humus and nutrition.Metal ion in shitosan energy adsorption fertilizer, makes metal ion slow releasing, time fertilizer efficiency more permanent, and there is bacteriostatic activity; Lysozyme can the peptide glycan of hydrolytic bacteria cell wall effectively, causes cell wall rupture content overflow and make bacterolysis; Water-loss reducer is the functional high molecule material that a kind of water absorbing capacity is strong especially.Nontoxic, repeatedly release water, water suction, it can also absorb fertilizer, agricultural chemicals slow releasing, and increase fertilizer efficiency, drug effect, chesson, can provide good growing environment for sugarcane, also can economize on resources.Essence of loosening the soil is the highly active polymer of a kind of macromolecule, and stability is strong, can arbitrary proportion water-soluble, be adapted to the various soil such as acidity, neutrality, alkalescence, viscosity, Sha Xing, can with chemical fertilizer, rush apply fertilizer, hormone, insecticide mix and apply.Effectively can nurse one's health, improve soil aggregate, eliminate soil compaction, strengthen soil penetrability; Improve the shock-absorbing capacity of soil, soil secondary salinization because weed killer herbicide and excessive fertilization cause and continuous cropping can be alleviated to the harm of crop; Promote that in soil, beneficial microorganism grows, and improves utilization rate of fertilizer; Promote that plant growth, well developed root system, Miao Qimiao strengthen, resistance against diseases strengthens, and effect of increasing production is obvious.Polyvinyl alcohol is uniquely can by the polyvinyl of bacterium as carbon source and using energy source, and under the effect of bacterium and enzyme, 46 days degradables 75%, belong to a kind of Biodegradable polymer material.Along with the growth of kind of stem, the resistance grow of sugarcane, after growth is stable, polyvinyl alcohol is degraded gradually, does not pollute the environment.
C, spray bamboo vinegar 30 times of liquid to Nutrition Soil surface after, be the sodium nitrate of 20 parts by parts by weight, make base manure after the mixing of the magnesium sulfate of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 10 parts, the potassium sulfate of 15 parts, the zinc sulphate of 2 parts and 2 parts and spread fertilizer over the fields on Nutrition Soil; Plant vinegar liquid main component is acetic acid, phenols, water, and wherein organic composition acetic acid accounts for more than 10%, also containing mineral matters such as K, Ca, Mg, Zn, Ge, Mn, Fe, in addition containing Aneurine and B2.Plant vinegar liquid can suppress the breeding of miscellaneous bacteria, has fungi-proofing, insect protected effect.Plant vinegar liquid and fertilizer use, and the absorbent properties of fertilizer can be made better, and effect is better, also can promote the growth of sugarcane root, promotes the breeding of useful organisms.
D, kind of a stem is placed in after seed coat agent soaks 2s, take out, be cooled to seed coat agent to solidify and be placed on base manure, build backfill soil afterwards, water spray, make soil moisture content be after 60%, slope, ridge covers one deck mulch film, make the polyvinyl alcohol film outside plastic mulching seed furrow, opened mulch film once every 2 days afterwards, remove mulch film when daytime when room temperature reaches more than 20 DEG C; The preparation method of described seed coat agent is: to be parts by weight that the agar of 5 parts is placed in 30 DEG C by parts by weight the be water of 100 parts, after placing 3h, 20min is boiled in heating, be cooled to 44 DEG C afterwards, obtain agar solution, in described agar solution, add the glycerine that parts by weight are the methyl α-naphthyl acetate of 0.03 part, the lysozyme of 0.002 part and 0.7 part, stir, obtain described seed coat agent.The Surface coating of kind of stem has seed coat agent, containing methyl α-naphthyl acetate in seed coat agent, can promote the cell division of kind stem, be conducive to the growth of root, and lysozyme can the peptide glycan of hydrolytic bacteria cell wall effectively, causes cell wall rupture content overflow and make bacterolysis; Glycerine has good moistening effect, and kind of stem can be made to grow for a long time under suitable damp condition.Agar can make the active ingredient in seed coat agent be fixed on kind of stem.Seed coat agent can promote the growth of kind of stem, and the growth for kind of stem provides good environment.Glycerine has good moistening effect, and kind of stem can be made to grow for a long time under suitable damp condition.
In the cultivation method of described sugarcane, also comprise:
After sugarcane bud breaks through mulch film, by both ends open and the plastic bottle of inner hollow through inserting in soil after described sugarcane bud.Plastic bottle is protected young shoot, and soil-borne disease and insect etc. can be prevented the infringement of young shoot.
In the cultivation method of described sugarcane, described plant vinegar liquid is pyroligneous liquor.
In the cultivation method of described sugarcane, described plastic bottle is made up of transparent material, described plastic bottle is made up of integrated upper part and lower part, described top is divided into reverse frustoconic, described bottom is divided into cylindrical, the equal diameters of the diameter of described lower part and the bottom of described upper part, the dead in line of described upper part and described lower part.Scatter in the top of seedling, plastic bottle upper part is reverse frustoconic, is conducive to the expansion of seedling, makes plastic bottle when shielding to seedling, also can make seedling self-sow.When seedling is long, after propping up plastic bottle inner wall, seedling starts long curved, manually upwards can be smoothed out with the fingers by seedling, seedling is grown along the direction of plastic bottle opening.
In the cultivation method of described sugarcane, the diameter of described lower part is 5cm, and the diameter at the top of described upper part is 9cm, and the height of described lower part is 10cm, and the height of described upper part is 5cm.
In the cultivation method of described sugarcane, also comprise:
After the seedling of adjacent two sugarcanes grows to and contacts with each other, remove described plastic bottle.After two offspring contacts, plastic bottle, for preventing the significance propagation of damage by disease and insect little, also can limit the growth of seedling, so remove.
In the cultivation method of described sugarcane, before described kind of stem being placed in the immersion of described seed coat agent, also comprise:
Described kind of stem is placed in the ozone water solution that ozone concentration is 8mg/L, soaks 10min.Can kill the bacterium on kind of stem, fungi and virus etc., prevent kind of stem from self carrying disease germs, and be lowered into motility rate.
Embodiment 3
A cultivation method for sugarcane, comprising:
A, sow first 2 days and deep plough, the deep ploughing degree of depth is 29cm, after deep ploughing, be that 1.3m starts by line-spacing, mound Cheng Long slope in the ranks, slope, ridge being dug along its length dark is 27cm, wide is after the seed furrow of 21cm, and 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 650 times of liquid are sprayed in full garden; Sterilization can be carried out to soil, prevent the generation of soil-borne disease, be conducive to the survival rate improving young shoot.
B, in seed furrow water spray after, length direction along seed furrow lays layer of polyethylene alcohol film, make bottom and the inwall of polyvinyl alcohol film cover-seeding ditch, and extend the inwall of described seed furrow, be the red heart soil of 15 parts afterwards by parts by weight, make Nutrition Soil after the essence mixing of loosening the soil of the forest top soil of 6 parts, the ash of 4 parts, the peat of 2.5 parts, the lysozyme of 0.03 part, the shitosan of 0.04 part, the water-loss reducer of 0.2 part and 0.015 part, apply in seed furrow, make the thickness of Nutrition Soil be 6.5cm; Red heart soil is not subject to the impact of earth's surface plow layer and growing plant substantially, and germ and worm's ovum are all fewer, and the incidence of damage by disease and insect can be made greatly to reduce.Forest top soil is the humus soil rotting after plant and microbial death and produce, and the content of organic matter is enriched, and can provide sufficient nutrient for kind of stem; Peat is aseptic, nontoxic, pollution-free, and venting capability is good, light weight, water holding, fertilizer conservation, is conducive to microbial activities, strengthen biological property, nutritious, be cultivation matrix, again good soil mediator agent, and containing very high organic matter, humus and nutrition.Metal ion in shitosan energy adsorption fertilizer, makes metal ion slow releasing, time fertilizer efficiency more permanent, and there is bacteriostatic activity; Lysozyme can the peptide glycan of hydrolytic bacteria cell wall effectively, causes cell wall rupture content overflow and make bacterolysis; Water-loss reducer is the functional high molecule material that a kind of water absorbing capacity is strong especially.Nontoxic, repeatedly release water, water suction, it can also absorb fertilizer, agricultural chemicals slow releasing, and increase fertilizer efficiency, drug effect, chesson, can provide good growing environment for sugarcane, also can economize on resources.Essence of loosening the soil is the highly active polymer of a kind of macromolecule, and stability is strong, can arbitrary proportion water-soluble, be adapted to the various soil such as acidity, neutrality, alkalescence, viscosity, Sha Xing, can with chemical fertilizer, rush apply fertilizer, hormone, insecticide mix and apply.Effectively can nurse one's health, improve soil aggregate, eliminate soil compaction, strengthen soil penetrability; Improve the shock-absorbing capacity of soil, soil secondary salinization because weed killer herbicide and excessive fertilization cause and continuous cropping can be alleviated to the harm of crop; Promote that in soil, beneficial microorganism grows, and improves utilization rate of fertilizer; Promote that plant growth, well developed root system, Miao Qimiao strengthen, resistance against diseases strengthens, and effect of increasing production is obvious.Polyvinyl alcohol is uniquely can by the polyvinyl of bacterium as carbon source and using energy source, and under the effect of bacterium and enzyme, 46 days degradables 75%, belong to a kind of Biodegradable polymer material.Along with the growth of kind of stem, the resistance grow of sugarcane, after growth is stable, polyvinyl alcohol is degraded gradually, does not pollute the environment.
C, spray careless vinegar liquid 20 times of liquid to Nutrition Soil surface after, be the sodium nitrate of 15 parts by parts by weight, make base manure after the mixing of the magnesium sulfate of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 7.5 parts, the potassium sulfate of 12.5 parts, the zinc sulphate of 1.5 parts and 1.5 parts and spread fertilizer over the fields on Nutrition Soil; Plant vinegar liquid main component is acetic acid, phenols, water, and wherein organic composition acetic acid accounts for more than 10%, also containing mineral matters such as K, Ca, Mg, Zn, Ge, Mn, Fe, in addition containing Aneurine and B2.Plant vinegar liquid can suppress the breeding of miscellaneous bacteria, has fungi-proofing, insect protected effect.Plant vinegar liquid and fertilizer use, and the absorbent properties of fertilizer can be made better, and effect is better, also can promote the growth of sugarcane root, promotes the breeding of useful organisms.
D, kind of a stem is placed in after seed coat agent soaks 2s, take out, be cooled to seed coat agent to solidify and be placed on base manure, build backfill soil afterwards, water spray, make soil moisture content be after 50%, slope, ridge covers one deck mulch film, make the polyvinyl alcohol film outside plastic mulching seed furrow, opened mulch film once every 2 days afterwards, remove mulch film when daytime when room temperature reaches more than 20 DEG C; The preparation method of described seed coat agent is: to be parts by weight that the agar of 4 parts is placed in 25 DEG C by parts by weight the be water of 100 parts, after placing 2.5h, 20min is boiled in heating, be cooled to 44 DEG C afterwards, obtain agar solution, in described agar solution, add the glycerine that parts by weight are the methyl α-naphthyl acetate of 0.02 part, the lysozyme of 0.0015 part and 0.6 part, stir, obtain described seed coat agent.The Surface coating of kind of stem has seed coat agent, containing methyl α-naphthyl acetate in seed coat agent, can promote the cell division of kind stem, be conducive to the growth of root, and lysozyme can the peptide glycan of hydrolytic bacteria cell wall effectively, causes cell wall rupture content overflow and make bacterolysis; Glycerine has good moistening effect, and kind of stem can be made to grow for a long time under suitable damp condition.Agar can make the active ingredient in seed coat agent be fixed on kind of stem.Seed coat agent can promote the growth of kind of stem, and the growth for kind of stem provides good environment.Glycerine has good moistening effect, and kind of stem can be made to grow for a long time under suitable damp condition.
In the cultivation method of described sugarcane, also comprise:
After sugarcane bud breaks through mulch film, by both ends open and the plastic bottle of inner hollow through inserting in soil after described sugarcane bud.Plastic bottle is protected young shoot, and soil-borne disease and insect etc. can be prevented the infringement of young shoot.
In the cultivation method of described sugarcane, described plant vinegar liquid is pyroligneous liquor.
In the cultivation method of described sugarcane, described plastic bottle is made up of transparent material, described plastic bottle stops shaping upper part by one and lower part forms, described top is divided into reverse frustoconic, described bottom is divided into cylindrical, the equal diameters of the diameter of described lower part and the bottom of described upper part, the dead in line of described upper part and described lower part.Scatter in the top of seedling, plastic bottle upper part is reverse frustoconic, is conducive to the expansion of seedling, makes plastic bottle when shielding to seedling, also can make seedling self-sow.When seedling is long, after propping up plastic bottle inner wall, seedling starts long curved, manually upwards can be smoothed out with the fingers by seedling, seedling is grown along the direction of plastic bottle opening.
In the cultivation method of described sugarcane, the diameter of described lower part is 4cm, and the diameter at the top of described upper part is 8cm, and the height of described lower part is 9cm, and the height of described upper part is 4cm.
In the cultivation method of described sugarcane, also comprise:
After the seedling of adjacent two sugarcanes grows to and contacts with each other, remove described plastic bottle.After two offspring contacts, plastic bottle, for preventing the significance propagation of damage by disease and insect little, also can limit the growth of seedling, so remove.
In the cultivation method of described sugarcane, before described kind of stem being placed in the immersion of described seed coat agent, also comprise:
Described kind of stem is placed in the ozone water solution that ozone concentration is 7mg/L, soaks 7min.Can kill the bacterium on kind of stem, fungi and virus etc., prevent kind of stem from self carrying disease germs, and be lowered into motility rate.
Embodiment 4
A cultivation method for sugarcane, comprising:
A, sow first 2 days and deep plough, the deep ploughing degree of depth is 30cm, after deep ploughing, be that 1.4m starts by line-spacing, mound Cheng Long slope in the ranks, slope, ridge being dug along its length dark is 30cm, wide is after the seed furrow of 22cm, and 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 800 times of liquid are sprayed in full garden;
B, in seed furrow water spray after, length direction along seed furrow lays layer of polyethylene alcohol film, make bottom and the inwall of polyvinyl alcohol film cover-seeding ditch, and extend the inwall of described seed furrow, be the red heart soil of 20 parts afterwards by parts by weight, make Nutrition Soil after the essence mixing of loosening the soil of the forest top soil of 7 parts, the ash of 5 parts, the peat of 3 parts, the lysozyme of 0.04 part, the shitosan of 0.05 part, the water-loss reducer of 0.3 part and 0.02 part, apply in seed furrow, make the thickness of Nutrition Soil be 8cm;
C, spray bamboo vinegar 30 times of liquid to Nutrition Soil surface after, be the sodium nitrate of 20 parts by parts by weight, make base manure after the mixing of the magnesium sulfate of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 10 parts, the potassium sulfate of 15 parts, the zinc sulphate of 2 parts and 2 parts and spread fertilizer over the fields on Nutrition Soil;
D, kind of a stem is placed on base manure, builds backfill soil afterwards, water spray, make soil moisture content be after 60%, slope, ridge covers one deck mulch film, makes the polyvinyl alcohol film outside plastic mulching seed furrow, open mulch film once every 2 days afterwards, remove mulch film when daytime when room temperature reaches more than 20 DEG C;
In the cultivation method of described sugarcane, also comprise:
After sugarcane bud breaks through mulch film, by both ends open and the plastic bottle of inner hollow through inserting in soil after described sugarcane bud.
In the cultivation method of described sugarcane, described plastic bottle is made up of transparent material, described plastic bottle is made up of integrated upper part and lower part, described top is divided into reverse frustoconic, described bottom is divided into cylindrical, the equal diameters of the diameter of described lower part and the bottom of described upper part, the dead in line of described upper part and described lower part.
In the cultivation method of described sugarcane, the diameter of described lower part is 5cm, and the diameter at the top of described upper part is 9cm, and the height of described lower part is 10cm, and the height of described upper part is 5cm.
In the cultivation method of described sugarcane, also comprise:
After the seedling of adjacent two sugarcanes grows to and contacts with each other, remove described plastic bottle.
In the cultivation method of described sugarcane, before described kind of stem is placed on base manure, also comprise:
Described kind of stem is placed in the ozone water solution that ozone concentration is 8mg/L, soaks 10min.
Embodiment 5
A cultivation method for sugarcane, comprising:
A, sow first 2 days and deep plough, the deep ploughing degree of depth is 30cm, after deep ploughing, be that 1.4m starts by line-spacing, mound Cheng Long slope in the ranks, slope, ridge being dug along its length dark is 30cm, wide is after the seed furrow of 22cm, and 50% carbendazol wettable powder, 800 times of liquid are sprayed in full garden;
B, in seed furrow water spray after, length direction along seed furrow lays layer of polyethylene alcohol film, make bottom and the inwall of polyvinyl alcohol film cover-seeding ditch, and extend the inwall of described seed furrow, be the red heart soil of 20 parts afterwards by parts by weight, make Nutrition Soil after the essence mixing of loosening the soil of the forest top soil of 7 parts, the ash of 5 parts, the peat of 3 parts, the lysozyme of 0.04 part, the shitosan of 0.05 part, the water-loss reducer of 0.3 part and 0.02 part, apply in seed furrow, make the thickness of Nutrition Soil be 8cm;
C, spray bamboo vinegar 30 times of liquid to Nutrition Soil surface after, be the sodium nitrate of 20 parts by parts by weight, make base manure after the mixing of the magnesium sulfate of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 10 parts, the potassium sulfate of 15 parts, the zinc sulphate of 2 parts and 2 parts and spread fertilizer over the fields on Nutrition Soil;
D, kind of a stem is placed on base manure, builds backfill soil afterwards, water spray, make soil moisture content be after 60%, slope, ridge covers one deck mulch film, makes the polyvinyl alcohol film outside plastic mulching seed furrow, open mulch film once every 2 days afterwards, remove mulch film when daytime when room temperature reaches more than 20 DEG C;
In the cultivation method of described sugarcane, before described kind of stem is placed on described base manure, also comprise:
Described kind of stem is placed in the ozone water solution that ozone concentration is 8mg/L, soaks 10min.
Comparative example 1
Beneficial effect of the present invention is further illustrated by comparative example.Grow cane with the method for embodiment 1 to 5, the growing state of sugarcane is in table 1.
The growing state of sugarcane in table 1 embodiment 1 to 5
| Embodiment | Young shoot survival rate/% | Sugar/% | Per mu yield/t | Plant height/m | Length of internode/cm | Growth potential |
| Embodiment 1 | 96 | 17 | 8.2 | 2.7 | 15 | Stronger |
| Embodiment 2 | 98 | 18.5 | 8.7 | 3.3 | 18 | By force |
| Embodiment 3 | 98 | 18.2 | 8.5 | 3.1 | 17.3 | By force |
| Embodiment 4 | 90 | 14 | 7.7 | 2.4 | 16 | Generally |
| Embodiment 5 | 82 | 12.5 | 7.4 | 2.2 | 15.3 | Generally |
As can be seen from Table 1 by applying in seed furrow after kind of stem seed coat agent parcel, aseptic, moistening growing environment can be provided for kind of stem, being conducive to the growth of root, the survival rate of young shoot can be made higher, growing way is better, is thus conducive to organic accumulation, thus improves sugar content.With plastic bottle, the young shoot grown is protected, the survival rate of young shoot can be improved, thus improve the output of sugarcane.
Although embodiment of the present invention are open as above, but it is not restricted to listed in specification and embodiment utilization, it can be applied to various applicable the field of the invention completely, for those skilled in the art, can easily realize other amendment, therefore do not deviating under the universal that claim and equivalency range limit, the present invention is not limited to specific details and illustrates here and the embodiment described.
Claims (7)
1. a cultivation method for sugarcane, is characterized in that, comprising:
Within 1-2 days, deep plough before A, sowing, the deep ploughing degree of depth is 28-30cm, after deep ploughing, be that 1.3-1.4m starts by line-spacing, mound Cheng Long slope in the ranks, slope, ridge being dug along its length dark is 25-30cm, and wide is after the seed furrow of 20-22cm, and 50% carbendazol wettable powder 500-800 times liquid is sprayed in full garden;
B, in seed furrow water spray after, length direction along seed furrow lays layer of polyethylene alcohol film, make bottom and the inwall of polyvinyl alcohol film cover-seeding ditch, and extend the inwall of described seed furrow, be the red heart soil of 10-20 part afterwards by parts by weight, the forest top soil of 5-7 part, the ash of 3-5 part, the peat of 2-3 part, the lysozyme of 0.02-0.04 part, the shitosan of 0.03-0.05 part, the water-loss reducer of 0.1-0.3 part and 0.01-0.02 part essence mixing of loosening the soil after make Nutrition Soil, apply in seed furrow, make the thickness of Nutrition Soil be 5-8cm;
C, spray plant vinegar liquid 10-30 times liquid to Nutrition Soil surface after, be the sodium nitrate of 10-20 part by parts by weight, make base manure after the mixing of the magnesium sulfate of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 5-10 part, the potassium sulfate of 10-15 part, the zinc sulphate of 1-2 part and 1-2 part and spread fertilizer over the fields on Nutrition Soil;
D, kind of a stem is placed in after seed coat agent soaks 1-2s, take out, be cooled to seed coat agent to solidify and be placed on base manure, build backfill soil afterwards, water spray, makes soil moisture content be after 40-60%, slope, ridge covers one deck mulch film, make the polyvinyl alcohol film outside plastic mulching seed furrow, opened mulch film once every 1-2 days afterwards, remove mulch film when daytime when room temperature reaches more than 20 DEG C; The preparation method of described seed coat agent is: to be parts by weight that the agar of 3-5 part is placed in 20-30 DEG C by parts by weight the be water of 100 parts, after placing 2-3h, 20min is boiled in heating, be cooled to 43-44 DEG C afterwards, obtain agar solution, in described agar solution, add methyl α-naphthyl acetate, the lysozyme of 0.001-0.002 part and the glycerine of 0.5-0.7 part that parts by weight are 0.01-0.03 part, stir, obtain described seed coat agent.
2. the cultivation method of sugarcane as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprise:
After sugarcane bud breaks through mulch film, by both ends open and the plastic bottle of inner hollow through inserting in soil after described sugarcane bud.
3. the cultivation method of sugarcane as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described plant vinegar liquid is any one or a few in pyroligneous liquor, careless vinegar liquid and bamboo vinegar.
4. the cultivation method of sugarcane as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described plastic bottle is made up of transparent material, described plastic bottle is made up of integrated upper part and lower part, described top is divided into reverse frustoconic, described bottom is divided into cylindrical, the equal diameters of the diameter of described lower part and the bottom of described upper part, the dead in line of described upper part and described lower part.
5. the cultivation method of sugarcane as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, the diameter of described lower part is 3-5cm, and the diameter at the top of described upper part is 7-9cm, and the height of described lower part is 8-10cm, and the height of described upper part is 3-5cm.
6. the cultivation method of sugarcane as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, also comprise:
After the seedling of adjacent two sugarcanes grows to and contacts with each other, remove described plastic bottle.
7. the cultivation method of sugarcane as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, before described kind of stem being placed in the immersion of described seed coat agent, also comprises:
Described kind of stem is placed in the ozone water solution that ozone concentration is 5-8mg/L, soaks 5-10min.
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Application publication date: 20160120 |