CN107117995A - Improve the implantation methods of dry lotus root starch content - Google Patents
Improve the implantation methods of dry lotus root starch content Download PDFInfo
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- CN107117995A CN107117995A CN201710289240.1A CN201710289240A CN107117995A CN 107117995 A CN107117995 A CN 107117995A CN 201710289240 A CN201710289240 A CN 201710289240A CN 107117995 A CN107117995 A CN 107117995A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of implantation methods for improving dry lotus root starch content, including：Seed selection and seed treatment；Soil is selected；Site preparation is sowed；Field management, carries out first time ridging in 20~30 days after emerging to seedling strain root, carries out second to seedling strain root and earths up within 30~40 days after earthing up for the first time；Water and fertilizer management, applies first when earthing up for the first time and topdresses, and every plant is dissolved in water with urea and imposes on away from non-irrigated 3~5cm of lotus root root, applies second at away from non-irrigated 8~10cm of lotus root root during ridging for the second time and topdresses, second topdresses including following raw material：Urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, ammonium sulfate, manganese sulfate, ferrous sulfate, copper sulphate, zinc sulfate, boric acid, evodia rutaecarpa, santal, cordate houttuynia, cloves, the fruit of Cherokee rose, camphortree leaf, dark plum, felwort, wine, ox-hide, pigskin, acetum and water；And the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.The non-irrigated lotus root implantation methods of the present invention can effectively improve the content of starch of non-irrigated lotus root, with higher actual application value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to non-irrigated lotus root implantation methods field, specifically a kind of implantation methods for improving dry lotus root starch content.
Background technology
Non-irrigated lotus root, scientific name queensland arrowrood belongs to Cannaceae, originates in America subtropical zone, herbaceos perennial, suitable for height
Warm rain-belt growth, can also be planted in colder high and cold mountain area, be a kind of amylum crops slightly given birth to.Non-irrigated lotus root vitality pole
By force, adaptability is wider, and China various regions have general without using agricultural chemicals in plantation, cultivation, are really green without any pollution
Color health food.Non-irrigated lotus root is in addition to ornamental plant, feed is made, and because its stem root is rich in amylopectin, fresh taro content of starch typically exists
20%~25%, dry plate content of starch, up to more than 60%, is the high-quality original for producing alcohol fuel, processing and eating and medical starch
Material, the starch processed using its stem root has extensive use in terms of food, medicine.Recently as new countryside construction process
Quickening, the non-irrigated lotus root of part small towns peasant household scale plantation except beautifying the environment in addition to, uses stem root processing and eating starch, cauline leaf use after harvesting
Develop feed in herding, economic benefit and social benefit are considerable.The development of non-irrigated lotus root industry, to transforming agricultural production,
Pushed forward the industrialized operation of agriculture with Modern management form, promote increasing peasant income that there is very great meaning, the plantation of specification and science
Management, be improve dry lotus root starch content key.The reason for dry lotus root starch content is not high is varied, is typically all due to fertilizer
Material utilization rate is low and causes.In this case, it is necessary to rational implantation methods, but conventional method mostly can not
The content of starch of non-irrigated lotus root is improved, does not reach good effect.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve at least the above and/or defect, and provide at least will be described later excellent
Point.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide a kind of implantation methods for improving dry lotus root starch content, it is by choosing seeds and planting
Subprocessing, soil selection, site preparation sowing, field management, water and fertilizer management and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, the starch for effectively improving non-irrigated lotus root contain
Amount, with higher actual application value.
In order to realize that there is provided a kind of kind for improving dry lotus root starch content according to object of the present invention and further advantage
Plant method, comprises the following steps：
S1, seed selection and seed treatment：Selection is loose, root is more, complete sturdy, no disease and pests harm the non-irrigated lotus root of fresh full, seed bud
Underground stem tuber, cuts the small stem block with bud from the stem tuber of underground；By small stem block with 50% 500 times of liquid of carbendazol wettable powder
Soak seed 5~10min, and spread plant ash in wound and sealed, and then in drying 1 day under the sun, obtains ganoid konjaku taro；
S2, soil selection：Select illumination sufficient, day and night temperature is big, irrigation and drainage are convenient, soil layer is deep, loose fertile, it is neutral or
Meta-acid and the sand soil rich in organic matter and humus；
S3, site preparation sowing：First 30~40 days of plantation, by ploughing soil 1 time, applies general calcium, in the sun according to 20kg/ mus
Turned over again after shining 5 days, general calcium is applied according to 30kg/ mus, after shining 10 days in the sun, carried out third time and turn over, mu is applied organic
Fertile 2500kg carries out site preparation, thin rake of deep ploughing, and soil is broken to turn up soil carefully, plays furrow by north-south and waits to plant；In temperature is stable 12 in the daytime after the beginning of spring
Sowed at~16 DEG C, carry out digging bunch planting kind away from 60~70cm with 70~80cm of line-spacing, row in the furrow ditch held successfully, cave is deep
8~10cm, 6~8cm of diameter, put ganoid konjaku taro 2, eye is put upward, then earthing per cave, and thickness of earth-fill cover is not so that ganoid konjaku taro is outer
Dew；
S4, field management：Seedling is looked into seedling strain progress and filled a vacancy within 5~7 days after emerging；Once removed within 10~15 days after emerging
Grass；First time ridging was carried out to seedling strain root in 20~30 days after emerging；Seedling strain root was carried out in 30~40 days after earthing up for the first time
Second of ridging；Non-irrigated lotus root Post flowering immediately removes flower shears；
S5, water and fertilizer management：First is applied when earthing up for the first time to topdress, every plant is dissolved in 100g water with 30g urea and imposes on away from non-irrigated lotus root
At 3~5cm of root, second applies second at away from non-irrigated 8~10cm of lotus root root when earthing up topdresses 300~500g；Described second chases after
Fertilizer includes the raw material of following parts by weight：15~25 parts of urea, 10~15 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10~12 parts of potassium chloride, sulfuric acid
8~10 parts of ammonium, 1~3 part of manganese sulfate, 1~3 part of ferrous sulfate, 0.2~0.4 part of copper sulphate, 0.1~0.3 part of zinc sulfate, boric acid
0.1~0.3 part, 2~3 parts of evodia rutaecarpa, 2~3 parts of santal, 1~2 part of cordate houttuynia, 1~2 part of cloves, 1~2 part of the fruit of Cherokee rose, camphor tree
0.5~0.8 part of leaf, 0.8~1.0 part of dark plum, 0.5~0.6 part of felwort, 40~50 parts of wine, 4~6 parts of ox-hide, pigskin 2~4
Part, 25~35 parts of 20% acetum and appropriate amount of water；
Wherein, second preparation method topdressed comprises the following steps：
A. according to above-mentioned parts by weight, by ox-hide, pigskin cut it is rotten after be put into mass fraction be 20% acetum in, in
4~6h is hydrolyzed at 80~90 DEG C and obtains amino acid hydrolyticsolution, then adds manganese sulfate, ferrous sulfate, copper sulphate, zinc sulfate, boric acid
Enter amino acid hydrolyticsolution, stir 3~4h at 90~100 DEG C, obtain chelating amino acids fertilizer solution；
B. according to above-mentioned parts by weight, by evodia rutaecarpa, santal, cordate houttuynia, cloves, the fruit of Cherokee rose, camphortree leaf, dark plum, rough gentian
Grass is firstly placed in marmite with wine, then by marmite be placed on it is another bigger be filled with water in pot, pot reclaimed water temperature control system that is filled with water is 40
~50 DEG C carry out water-bath and stew 2~3h, then seal, stand after 12~24h, filter and remove residue obtains medicinal plant extraction while hot, then at
The water of 50~60 parts by weight is added in medicinal plant extraction, the alcohol in wine liquid is then evaporated off in 85 DEG C of backspins, diseases prevention is obtained
Insect pest bactericidal liquid；
C. according to above-mentioned parts by weight, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, ammonium sulfate are added into 500~600 parts by weight
Stirred in several water, obtain composite fertilizer's feed liquid；
D. preventing disease and pest bactericidal liquid and step c made from chelating amino acids fertilizer solution made from step a, step b are made
The mixing of composite fertilizer feed liquid, after being sufficiently stirred for, that is, be made described second and topdress；
S6, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：, there is bud rot, stem rot with 75% Bravo wettable powder in non-irrigated lotus root growth period
1000~1200 times of liquid are sprayed；There is virosis to be sprayed with 50% moroxydine wettable powder, 800~1000 times of liquid；There is rust
Clever 500~800 times of liquid of wettable powder that become rusty with 15% powder are sprayed；There is budworm to be carried out with 50% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate, 800~900 times of liquid
Spray；There is any of several broadleaf plants insect parasite which hurts rice plant to be sprayed with metrifonate, 1800~2000 times of liquid of Amitraz compounded cream preparation.
Preferably, the depth that three times are turned in S3 is 30~40cm.
Preferably, mushroom residue, cushaw stem, pulp of a pumpkin, rape cake, banana after organic fertilizer is dung polluted water and crushed in S3
Skin, Chinese waxgourd pulp and water are according to mass ratio 8:1.2:0.8:1.6:1.4:1.6:1.1:Become thoroughly decomposed and be made after 4 mixing.
Preferably, a water was poured after being emerged in S4 every 7~10 days, soil moisture is kept between 60%~70%.
Preferably, the biphosphate for being also 3% in seedling mass fraction of strain foliage-spray when being earthed up for the first time in S4
The mixed solution of potassium and 2% ammonium hydrogen carbonate.
Preferably, evodia rutaecarpa, santal, cordate houttuynia, cloves, the fruit of Cherokee rose, camphortree leaf, dark plum, felwort are new in S5
Fresh plant.
Preferably, metrifonate, Amitraz compounded cream preparation include the raw material and auxiliary material of following parts by weight in S6：Enemy
Hundred 25~30 parts of worm active compounds, 10~12 parts of Amitraz active compound, 8~10 parts of emulsifying agent NPE, solvent xylene
80 parts.
The present invention at least includes following beneficial effect：
Firstth, site preparation sowing in three times to soil carry out plough deeply cultivated Exposure to Sunlight, plough deeply plough can thicken active soil stratum, non-irrigated lotus root root system one
As be distributed in 10~20cm arable layer, therefore tilth should in 30~40cm, can thus make active soil stratum thickness keep
In 10~20cm, break plough sole, be conducive to retain water and nutrients, again will not the excessively outstanding void of soil, influence water retention property, moreover it is possible to increase
Soil air capacity, solves the soil water, gas contradiction well, is conducive to the growth of non-irrigated lotus root seedling strain root system；
Secondth, according to non-irrigated lotus root in whole mid-early stage in growth period slow-growing, the characteristics of late growing stage is very fast, using sufficient base manure
On the premise of, early stage answers Shaoshi when topdressing, and the later stage should apply more；Mushroom residue, cushaw stem, pulp of a pumpkin, dish after dung polluted water and crushing
The organic fertilizer that seedcake, banana skin, Chinese waxgourd pulp and water mixing are made after becoming thoroughly decomposed can discharge mass efficient nutrient as base manure,
Abundant humus is also formed, is conducive to non-irrigated lotus root seedling strain growth；First, which topdresses, only applies urea and water, non-irrigated lotus root growth early stage consumption
Fertilizer less, can Shaoshi save fertilizer, the later stage, which applies, substantial amounts of second topdresses, and greatly improves utilization rate of fertilizer, supplement growth institute
All kinds of nutrition needed, promote the accumulation of dry lotus root starch, improve non-irrigated lotus root quality；
3rd, by ox-hide, pigskin cut it is rotten after be put into acetum reclaimed water and solve amino acid hydrolyticsolution, then add sulfuric acid
Manganese, ferrous sulfate, copper sulphate, zinc sulfate, boric acid are made chelating amino acids fertilizer solutions, and the chelating amino acids fertilizer of gained is used as the
Two raw materials topdressed put on non-irrigated lotus root root, are different from spraying on seedling strain blade face for conventional art, can be more prone to non-irrigated lotus root
Ground is absorbed, and effectively increases the utilization rate of fertilizer, improves the accumulation of starch in non-irrigated lotus root body；
4th, the anti-disease pest being made up of evodia rutaecarpa, santal, cordate houttuynia, cloves, the fruit of Cherokee rose, camphortree leaf, dark plum, felwort
Evil bactericidal liquid has preferable insect prevention bactericidal effect, for the sickle-like bacteria in soil in planting pit, Pseudomonas solanacearum, anthrax bar
The harmful levels of pathogens such as bacterium carry out sterilization sterilizing, effectively suppress the growth and breeding of harmful levels of pathogens, prevent disease；
5th, metrifonate, Amitraz compounded cream preparation have the effect that is mutually improved, and can prevent to delay for any of several broadleaf plants insect parasite which hurts rice plant
It develops immunity to drugs.
Further advantage, target and the feature of the present invention embodies part by following explanation, and part will also be by this
The research and practice of invention and be understood by the person skilled in the art.
Embodiment
The present invention is elaborated with reference to embodiment, to make those of ordinary skill in the art refer to after this specification
It can implement according to this.
It should be appreciated that such as " having ", "comprising" and " comprising " term used herein do not allot one or many
The presence or addition of individual other elements or its combination.
It should be noted that experimental method described in following embodiments, is conventional method unless otherwise specified, institute
Reagent and material are stated, unless otherwise specified, is commercially obtained.
<Embodiment 1>
A kind of implantation methods for improving dry lotus root starch content, comprise the following steps：
S1, seed selection and seed treatment：Selection is loose, root is more, complete sturdy, no disease and pests harm the non-irrigated lotus root of fresh full, seed bud
Underground stem tuber, cuts the small stem block with bud from the stem tuber of underground；By small stem block with 50% 500 times of liquid of carbendazol wettable powder
Soak seed 5min, and spread plant ash in wound and sealed, and then in drying 1 day under the sun, obtains ganoid konjaku taro；
S2, soil selection：Select illumination sufficient, day and night temperature is big, irrigation and drainage are convenient, soil layer is deep, loose fertile, it is neutral or
Meta-acid and the sand soil rich in organic matter and humus；
S3, site preparation sowing：First 30 days of plantation, by ploughing soil 1 time, applies general calcium according to 20kg/ mus, 5 is shone in the sun
Turned over again after it, general calcium is applied according to 30kg/ mus, after shining 10 days in the sun, carried out third time and turn over, the depth turned over for three times
Degree is 30cm, and mu organic fertilizer 2500kg carries out site preparation, thin rake of deep ploughing, and soil is broken to turn up soil carefully, plays furrow by north-south and waits to plant；In the beginning of spring
Temperature is stable in the daytime afterwards is sowed at 12 DEG C, and digging bunch planting is carried out away from 60cm with line-spacing 70cm, row in the furrow ditch held successfully
Kind, cave depth 8cm, diameter 6cm put ganoid konjaku taro 2, eye is put upward, then earthing per cave, and thickness of earth-fill cover is not so that ganoid konjaku taro is outer
Dew；The organic fertilizer be dung polluted water and crush after mushroom residue, cushaw stem, pulp of a pumpkin, rape cake, banana skin, Chinese waxgourd pulp and
Water is according to mass ratio 8:1.2:0.8:1.6:1.4:1.6:1.1:Become thoroughly decomposed and be made after 4 mixing；
S4, field management：Seedling is looked into seedling strain progress and filled a vacancy within 5 days after emerging；A water was poured after emerging every 7 days, soil is kept
Earth humidity is 60%；Carry out a weeding within 10 days after emerging；First time ridging was carried out to seedling strain root in 20 days after emerging, and in seedling
Mass fraction of strain foliage-spray is 3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and the mixed solution of 2% ammonium hydrogen carbonate；After earthing up for the first time
Second is carried out to seedling strain root within 30 days to earth up；Non-irrigated lotus root Post flowering immediately removes flower shears；
S5, water and fertilizer management：First is applied when earthing up for the first time to topdress, every plant is dissolved in 100g water with 30g urea and imposes on away from non-irrigated lotus root
At the 3cm of root, second applies second at away from non-irrigated 8~10cm of lotus root root when earthing up topdresses 300g；Described second topdress including with
The raw material of lower parts by weight：15 parts of urea, 10 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10 parts of potassium chloride, 8 parts of ammonium sulfate, 1 part of manganese sulfate, sulfuric acid
Ferrous 1 part, 0.2 part of copper sulphate, 0.1 part of zinc sulfate, 0.1~0.3 part of boric acid, 2 parts of evodia rutaecarpa, 2 parts of santal, 1 part of cordate houttuynia, fourth
Fragrant 1 part, 1 part of the fruit of Cherokee rose, 0.5 part of camphortree leaf, 0.8 part of dark plum, 0.5 part of felwort, 40 parts of wine, 4 parts of ox-hide, 2 parts of pigskin, 20%
25 parts of acetum and appropriate amount of water；
Wherein, second preparation method topdressed comprises the following steps：
A. according to above-mentioned parts by weight, by ox-hide, pigskin cut it is rotten after be put into mass fraction be 20% acetum in, in
4h is hydrolyzed at 80 DEG C and obtains amino acid hydrolyticsolution, manganese sulfate, ferrous sulfate, copper sulphate, zinc sulfate, boric acid are then added into amino acid
Hydrolyzate, stirs 3h at 90 DEG C, obtains chelating amino acids fertilizer solution；
B. according to above-mentioned parts by weight, by fresh evodia rutaecarpa, santal, cordate houttuynia, cloves, the fruit of Cherokee rose, camphortree leaf, dark plum
And felwort plant and wine are firstly placed in marmite, then by marmite be placed on it is another bigger be filled with water in pot, be filled with water in pot
Water temperature control carries out water-bath at 40 DEG C and stews 2h, then seals while hot, stands after 12h, filter and remove residue obtains medicinal plant extraction, then at
The water of 50 parts by weight is added in medicinal plant extraction, the alcohol in wine liquid is then evaporated off in 85 DEG C of backspins, preventing disease and pest is obtained
Bactericidal liquid；
C. according to above-mentioned parts by weight, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, ammonium sulfate are added to the water of 500 parts by weight
In stir, obtain composite fertilizer's feed liquid；
D. preventing disease and pest bactericidal liquid and step c made from chelating amino acids fertilizer solution made from step a, step b are made
The mixing of composite fertilizer feed liquid, after being sufficiently stirred for, that is, be made described second and topdress；
S6, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：, there is bud rot, stem rot with 75% Bravo wettable powder in non-irrigated lotus root growth period
1000 times of liquid are sprayed；There is virosis to be sprayed with 50% moroxydine wettable powder, 800 times of liquid；There is rust 15% powder rust spirit
500 times of liquid of wettable powder are sprayed；There is budworm to be sprayed with 50% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate, 800 times of liquid；There is any of several broadleaf plants insect parasite which hurts rice plant with enemy hundred
Worm, 1800 times of liquid of Amitraz compounded cream preparation are sprayed；The metrifonate, Amitraz compounded cream preparation include following heavy
Measure the raw material and auxiliary material of number：It is 25 parts of trichlorfon technical, 10 parts of Amitraz active compound, 8 parts of emulsifying agent NPE, molten
80 parts of agent dimethylbenzene.
<Embodiment 2>
A kind of implantation methods for improving dry lotus root starch content, comprise the following steps：
S1, seed selection and seed treatment：Selection is loose, root is more, complete sturdy, no disease and pests harm the non-irrigated lotus root of fresh full, seed bud
Underground stem tuber, cuts the small stem block with bud from the stem tuber of underground；By small stem block with 50% 500 times of liquid of carbendazol wettable powder
Soak seed 10min, and spread plant ash in wound and sealed, and then in drying 1 day under the sun, obtains ganoid konjaku taro；
S2, soil selection：Select illumination sufficient, day and night temperature is big, irrigation and drainage are convenient, soil layer is deep, loose fertile, it is neutral or
Meta-acid and the sand soil rich in organic matter and humus；
S3, site preparation sowing：First 40 days of plantation, by ploughing soil 1 time, applies general calcium according to 20kg/ mus, 5 is shone in the sun
Turned over again after it, general calcium is applied according to 30kg/ mus, after shining 10 days in the sun, carried out third time and turn over, the depth turned over for three times
Degree is 40cm, and mu organic fertilizer 2500kg carries out site preparation, thin rake of deep ploughing, and soil is broken to turn up soil carefully, plays furrow by north-south and waits to plant；In the beginning of spring
Temperature is stable in the daytime afterwards is sowed at 16 DEG C, and digging bunch planting is carried out away from 70cm with line-spacing 80cm, row in the furrow ditch held successfully
Kind, cave depth 10cm, diameter 8cm put ganoid konjaku taro 2, eye is put upward, then earthing per cave, and thickness of earth-fill cover is not so that ganoid konjaku taro is outer
Dew；The organic fertilizer be dung polluted water and crush after mushroom residue, cushaw stem, pulp of a pumpkin, rape cake, banana skin, Chinese waxgourd pulp and
Water is according to mass ratio 8:1.2:0.8:1.6:1.4:1.6:1.1:Become thoroughly decomposed and be made after 4 mixing；
S4, field management：Seedling is looked into seedling strain progress and filled a vacancy within 7 days after emerging；A water was poured after emerging every 10 days, soil is kept
Earth humidity is 70%；Carry out a weeding within 15 days after emerging；First time ridging was carried out to seedling strain root in 30 days after emerging, and in seedling
Mass fraction of strain foliage-spray is 3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and the mixed solution of 2% ammonium hydrogen carbonate；After earthing up for the first time
Second is carried out to seedling strain root within 40 days to earth up；Non-irrigated lotus root Post flowering immediately removes flower shears；
S5, water and fertilizer management：First is applied when earthing up for the first time to topdress, every plant is dissolved in 100g water with 30g urea and imposes on away from non-irrigated lotus root
At the 5cm of root, second applies second at away from non-irrigated lotus root root 10cm when earthing up topdresses 500g；Described second topdresses including following heavy
Measure the raw material of number：25 parts of urea, 15 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 12 parts of potassium chloride, 10 parts of ammonium sulfate, 3 parts of manganese sulfate, ferrous sulfate
3 parts, 0.4 part of copper sulphate, 0.3 part of zinc sulfate, 0.3 part of boric acid, 3 parts of evodia rutaecarpa, 3 parts of santal, 2 parts of cordate houttuynia, 2 parts of cloves, gold
2 parts of cherry, 0.8 part of camphortree leaf, 1.0 parts of dark plum, 0.6 part of felwort, 50 parts of wine, 6 parts of ox-hide, 4 parts of pigskin, 20% acetum
35 parts and appropriate amount of water；
Wherein, second preparation method topdressed comprises the following steps：
A. according to above-mentioned parts by weight, by ox-hide, pigskin cut it is rotten after be put into mass fraction be 20% acetum in, in
6h is hydrolyzed at 90 DEG C and obtains amino acid hydrolyticsolution, manganese sulfate, ferrous sulfate, copper sulphate, zinc sulfate, boric acid are then added into amino acid
Hydrolyzate, stirs 4h at 100 DEG C, obtains chelating amino acids fertilizer solution；
B. according to above-mentioned parts by weight, by fresh evodia rutaecarpa, santal, cordate houttuynia, cloves, the fruit of Cherokee rose, camphortree leaf, dark plum
And felwort plant and wine are firstly placed in marmite, then by marmite be placed on it is another bigger be filled with water in pot, be filled with water in pot
Water temperature control carries out water-bath at 50 DEG C and stews 3h, then seals while hot, stands after 24h, filter and remove residue obtains medicinal plant extraction, then at
The water of 60 parts by weight is added in medicinal plant extraction, the alcohol in wine liquid is then evaporated off in 85 DEG C of backspins, preventing disease and pest is obtained
Bactericidal liquid；
C. according to above-mentioned parts by weight, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, ammonium sulfate are added to the water of 600 parts by weight
In stir, obtain composite fertilizer's feed liquid；
D. preventing disease and pest bactericidal liquid and step c made from chelating amino acids fertilizer solution made from step a, step b are made
The mixing of composite fertilizer feed liquid, after being sufficiently stirred for, that is, be made described second and topdress；
S6, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：, there is bud rot, stem rot with 75% Bravo wettable powder in non-irrigated lotus root growth period
1200 times of liquid are sprayed；There is virosis to be sprayed with 50% moroxydine wettable powder, 1000 times of liquid；There is rust to be become rusty with 15% powder
Clever 800 times of liquid of wettable powder are sprayed；There is budworm to be sprayed with 50% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate, 900 times of liquid；There is any of several broadleaf plants insect parasite which hurts rice plant enemy
Hundred worms, 2000 times of liquid of Amitraz compounded cream preparation are sprayed；The metrifonate, Amitraz compounded cream preparation include following
The raw material and auxiliary material of parts by weight：30 parts of trichlorfon technical, 12 parts of Amitraz active compound, emulsifying agent NPE 10
Part, 80 parts of solvent xylene.
<Embodiment 3>
A kind of implantation methods for improving dry lotus root starch content, comprise the following steps：
S1, seed selection and seed treatment：Selection is loose, root is more, complete sturdy, no disease and pests harm the non-irrigated lotus root of fresh full, seed bud
Underground stem tuber, cuts the small stem block with bud from the stem tuber of underground；By small stem block with 50% 500 times of liquid of carbendazol wettable powder
Soak seed 8min, and spread plant ash in wound and sealed, and then in drying 1 day under the sun, obtains ganoid konjaku taro；
S2, soil selection：Select illumination sufficient, day and night temperature is big, irrigation and drainage are convenient, soil layer is deep, loose fertile, it is neutral or
Meta-acid and the sand soil rich in organic matter and humus；
S3, site preparation sowing：First 35 days of plantation, by ploughing soil 1 time, applies general calcium according to 20kg/ mus, 5 is shone in the sun
Turned over again after it, general calcium is applied according to 30kg/ mus, after shining 10 days in the sun, carried out third time and turn over, the depth turned over for three times
Degree is 35cm, and mu organic fertilizer 2500kg carries out site preparation, thin rake of deep ploughing, and soil is broken to turn up soil carefully, plays furrow by north-south and waits to plant；In the beginning of spring
Temperature is stable in the daytime afterwards is sowed at 14 DEG C, and digging bunch planting is carried out away from 65cm with line-spacing 75cm, row in the furrow ditch held successfully
Kind, cave depth 9cm, diameter 7cm put ganoid konjaku taro 2, eye is put upward, then earthing per cave, and thickness of earth-fill cover is not so that ganoid konjaku taro is outer
Dew；The organic fertilizer be dung polluted water and crush after mushroom residue, cushaw stem, pulp of a pumpkin, rape cake, banana skin, Chinese waxgourd pulp and
Water is according to mass ratio 8:1.2:0.8:1.6:1.4:1.6:1.1:Become thoroughly decomposed and be made after 4 mixing；
S4, field management：Seedling is looked into seedling strain progress and filled a vacancy within 5~7 days after emerging；A water was poured after emerging every 8 days, is kept
Soil moisture is 65%；Carry out a weeding within 12 days after emerging；After emerging 25 days to seedling strain root carry out first time ridging, and in
Seedling mass fraction of strain foliage-spray is 3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and the mixed solution of 2% ammonium hydrogen carbonate；Earth up for the first time
Second is carried out to seedling strain root within 35 days afterwards to earth up；Non-irrigated lotus root Post flowering immediately removes flower shears；
S5, water and fertilizer management：First is applied when earthing up for the first time to topdress, every plant is dissolved in 100g water with 30g urea and imposes on away from non-irrigated lotus root
At the 4cm of root, second applies second at away from non-irrigated lotus root root 9cm when earthing up topdresses 400g；Described second topdresses including following heavy
Measure the raw material of number：20 parts of urea, 12 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 11 parts of potassium chloride, 9 parts of ammonium sulfate, 2 parts of manganese sulfate, ferrous sulfate 2
Part, 0.3 part of copper sulphate, 0.2 part of zinc sulfate, 0.2 part of boric acid, 2.5 parts of evodia rutaecarpa, 2.5 parts of santal, 1.5 parts of cordate houttuynia, cloves
1.5 parts, 1.5 parts of the fruit of Cherokee rose, 0.6 part of camphortree leaf, 0.9 part of dark plum, 0.5 part of felwort, 45 parts of wine, 5 parts of ox-hide, 3 parts of pigskin,
20% 30 parts of acetum and appropriate amount of water；
Wherein, second preparation method topdressed comprises the following steps：
A. according to above-mentioned parts by weight, by ox-hide, pigskin cut it is rotten after be put into mass fraction be 20% acetum in, in
5h is hydrolyzed at 85 DEG C and obtains amino acid hydrolyticsolution, manganese sulfate, ferrous sulfate, copper sulphate, zinc sulfate, boric acid are then added into amino acid
Hydrolyzate, stirs 3.5h at 95 DEG C, obtains chelating amino acids fertilizer solution；
B. according to above-mentioned parts by weight, by fresh evodia rutaecarpa, santal, cordate houttuynia, cloves, the fruit of Cherokee rose, camphortree leaf, dark plum
And felwort plant and wine are firstly placed in marmite, then by marmite be placed on it is another bigger be filled with water in pot, be filled with water in pot
Water temperature control carries out water-bath at 45 DEG C and stews 2.5h, then seals while hot, stands after 18h, filter and remove residue obtains medicinal plant extraction, then
The water of 55 parts by weight is added in medicinal plant extraction, the alcohol in wine liquid is then evaporated off in 85 DEG C of backspins, anti-disease pest is obtained
Evil bactericidal liquid；
C. according to above-mentioned parts by weight, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, ammonium sulfate are added to the water of 550 parts by weight
In stir, obtain composite fertilizer's feed liquid；
D. preventing disease and pest bactericidal liquid and step c made from chelating amino acids fertilizer solution made from step a, step b are made
The mixing of composite fertilizer feed liquid, after being sufficiently stirred for, that is, be made described second and topdress；
S6, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：, there is bud rot, stem rot with 75% Bravo wettable powder in non-irrigated lotus root growth period
1100 times of liquid are sprayed；There is virosis to be sprayed with 50% moroxydine wettable powder, 900 times of liquid；There is rust 15% powder rust spirit
600 times of liquid of wettable powder are sprayed；There is budworm to be sprayed with 50% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate, 850 times of liquid；There is any of several broadleaf plants insect parasite which hurts rice plant with enemy hundred
Worm, 1900 times of liquid of Amitraz compounded cream preparation are sprayed；The metrifonate, Amitraz compounded cream preparation include following heavy
Measure the raw material and auxiliary material of number：It is 28 parts of trichlorfon technical, 11 parts of Amitraz active compound, 9 parts of emulsifying agent NPE, molten
80 parts of agent dimethylbenzene.
<Contrast test>
Non-irrigated lotus root is planted using conventional method, site preparation is turned over before plantation, using common base fertilizer 2500kg, then plants into ganoid konjaku taro,
Growth period fertilising and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control are carried out according still further to conventional method, the non-irrigated lotus root that the method is planted as a comparison case 1, by right
The average starch content and embodiment 1~3 of the emergence rate of non-irrigated lotus root, the per mu yield of non-irrigated lotus root and non-irrigated lotus root are contrasted (average starch
Content test method is：3 plants of non-irrigated lotus roots are respectively taken in embodiment 1~3 and comparative example 1, the non-irrigated lotus roots of 10g of the non-irrigated lotus root of each strain are then taken respectively
Stem tuber does test experiments, using GB/T 5009.9-2008《The measure of starch in food》In the non-irrigated lotus root stem tuber of enzyme hydrolysis method detection
The content of starch of fresh weight, takes the tuber starch content average value of 3 plants of non-irrigated lotus roots, as average starch content), draw following data：
Influence of each embodiment of table 1 to the emergence rate of non-irrigated lotus root, the per mu yield of non-irrigated lotus root and the content of starch of non-irrigated lotus root
| Comparative example 1 | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | |
| Emergence rate (%) | 87.3 | 93.8 | 94.5 | 95.2 |
| Per mu yield (kg) | 2814 | 3756 | 3821 | 3885 |
| Average starch content (%) | 17.7 | 20.8 | 21.3 | 21.8 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the non-irrigated lotus root planted by the present invention, emergence rate is 93.8%~95.2%, more than conventional method
87.3%；The per mu yield of drought lotus root of the invention is up to 3756~3885kg, higher than the 2814kg of conventional method plantation；Drought lotus root of the invention
Average starch content is 20.8%~21.8%, and higher than the 17.7% of conventional method, average starch content is significantly increased, tool
There is higher actual application value.
Number of devices and treatment scale described herein are the explanations for simplifying the present invention.To the present invention application,
Modifications and variations will be readily apparent to persons skilled in the art.
Although embodiment of the present invention is disclosed as above, it is not restricted in specification and embodiment listed
With it can be applied to various suitable the field of the invention completely, can be easily for those skilled in the art
Other modification is realized, therefore under the universal limited without departing substantially from claim and equivalency range, the present invention is not limited
In specific details and shown here as the embodiment with description.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of implantation methods for improving dry lotus root starch content, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
S1, seed selection and seed treatment：Selection is loose, root is more, complete sturdy, no disease and pests harm the non-irrigated lotus root underground of fresh full, seed bud
Stem tuber, cuts the small stem block with bud from the stem tuber of underground；By small stem block with 50% 500 times of immersion kinds of carbendazol wettable powder
5~10min, and spread plant ash in wound and sealed, then in being dried 1 day under the sun, obtain ganoid konjaku taro；
S2, soil selection：Select illumination sufficient, day and night temperature is big, irrigation and drainage are convenient, soil layer is deep, loose fertile, neutral or meta-acid
And the sand soil rich in organic matter and humus；
S3, site preparation sowing：First 30~40 days of plantation, by ploughing soil 1 time, applies general calcium according to 20kg/ mus, 5 is shone in the sun
Turned over again after it, general calcium is applied according to 30kg/ mus, after shining 10 days in the sun, carried out third time and turn over, mu organic fertilizer
2500kg carries out site preparation, thin rake of deep ploughing, and soil is broken to turn up soil carefully, plays furrow by north-south and waits to plant；In after the beginning of spring in the daytime temperature it is stable 12~
Sowed at 16 DEG C, carry out digging bunch planting kind, cave deep 8 away from 60~70cm with 70~80cm of line-spacing, row in the furrow ditch held successfully
~10cm, 6~8cm of diameter, put ganoid konjaku taro 2, eye is put upward, then earthing, and thickness of earth-fill cover is not so that ganoid konjaku taro is exposed per cave；
S4, field management：Seedling is looked into seedling strain progress and filled a vacancy within 5~7 days after emerging；Carry out a weeding within 10~15 days after emerging；Go out
After seedling carries out first time ridging in 20~30 days to seedling strain root；Seedling strain root was carried out second in 30~40 days after earthing up for the first time
Ridging；Non-irrigated lotus root Post flowering immediately removes flower shears；
S5, water and fertilizer management：First is applied when earthing up for the first time to topdress, every plant is dissolved in 100g water with 30g urea and imposes on away from non-irrigated lotus root root 3
At~5cm, second applies second at away from non-irrigated 8~10cm of lotus root root when earthing up topdresses 300~500g；Described second topdress including
The raw material of following parts by weight：15~25 parts of urea, 10~15 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10~12 parts of potassium chloride, ammonium sulfate 8~10
Part, 1~3 part of manganese sulfate, 1~3 part of ferrous sulfate, 0.2~0.4 part of copper sulphate, 0.1~0.3 part of zinc sulfate, boric acid 0.1~0.3
Part, 2~3 parts of evodia rutaecarpa, 2~3 parts of santal, 1~2 part of cordate houttuynia, 1~2 part of cloves, 1~2 part of the fruit of Cherokee rose, camphortree leaf 0.5~
0.8 part, 0.8~1.0 part of dark plum, 0.5~0.6 part of felwort, 40~50 parts of wine, 4~6 parts of ox-hide, 2~4 parts of pigskin, 20% vinegar
25~35 parts of acid solution and appropriate amount of water；
Wherein, second preparation method topdressed comprises the following steps：
A. according to above-mentioned parts by weight, by ox-hide, pigskin cut it is rotten after be put into the acetum that mass fraction is 20%, in 80~
4~6h is hydrolyzed at 90 DEG C and obtains amino acid hydrolyticsolution, manganese sulfate, ferrous sulfate, copper sulphate, zinc sulfate, boric acid are then added into ammonia
Base acid hydrolysis liquid, stirs 3~4h at 90~100 DEG C, obtains chelating amino acids fertilizer solution；
B. according to above-mentioned parts by weight, by evodia rutaecarpa, santal, cordate houttuynia, cloves, the fruit of Cherokee rose, camphortree leaf, dark plum, felwort with
Wine is firstly placed in marmite, then by marmite be placed on it is another bigger be filled with water in pot, pot reclaimed water temperature control system that is filled with water is 40~50
DEG C carry out water-bath stew 2~3h, then seal while hot, stand 12~24h after, filter and remove residue obtains medicinal plant extraction, then at Chinese medicine
The water of 50~60 parts by weight is added in leaching liquor, the alcohol in wine liquid is then evaporated off in 85 DEG C of backspins, preventing disease and pest is obtained
Bactericidal liquid；
C. according to above-mentioned parts by weight, urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, ammonium sulfate are added into 500~600 parts by weight
Stirred in water, obtain composite fertilizer's feed liquid；
D. will be multiple made from preventing disease and pest bactericidal liquid made from chelating amino acids fertilizer solution made from step a, step b and step c
Hefei feed liquid mixing, after being sufficiently stirred for, that is, is made described second and topdresses；
S6, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Non-irrigated lotus root growth period, occur bud rot, stem rot with 75% Bravo wettable powder 1000~
1200 times of liquid are sprayed；There is virosis to be sprayed with 50% moroxydine wettable powder, 800~1000 times of liquid；There is rust and use 15%
Clever 500~800 times of liquid of wettable powder of powder rust are sprayed；There is budworm to be sprayed with 50% dimethoate emulsifiable concentrate, 800~900 times of liquid；
There is any of several broadleaf plants insect parasite which hurts rice plant to be sprayed with metrifonate, 1800~2000 times of liquid of Amitraz compounded cream preparation.
2. the implantation methods of dry lotus root starch content are improved as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the depth that three times are turned in S3
Degree is 30~40cm.
3. the implantation methods of dry lotus root starch content are improved as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that organic fertilizer is people and animals in S3
Mushroom residue, cushaw stem, pulp of a pumpkin, rape cake, banana skin, Chinese waxgourd pulp and water after excrement and crushing is according to mass ratio 8:1.2:
0.8:1.6:1.4:1.6:1.1:Become thoroughly decomposed and be made after 4 mixing.
4. the implantation methods of dry lotus root starch content are improved as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that every 7 after being emerged in S4
A water is poured within~10 days, soil moisture is kept between 60%~70%.
5. the implantation methods of dry lotus root starch content are improved as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that when being earthed up for the first time in S4
Also in seedling strain foliage-spray mass fraction for 3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and the mixed solution of 2% ammonium hydrogen carbonate.
6. improve the implantation methods of dry lotus root starch content as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that evodia rutaecarpa in S5, santal,
Cordate houttuynia, cloves, the fruit of Cherokee rose, camphortree leaf, dark plum, felwort are Fresh Plants.
7. the implantation methods of dry lotus root starch content are improved as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that metrifonate, Shuan Jia in S6
Amidine compounded cream preparation includes the raw material and auxiliary material of following parts by weight：25~30 parts of trichlorfon technical, Amitraz active compound 10~
12 parts, 8~10 parts of emulsifying agent NPE, 80 parts of solvent xylene.
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| CN111602486A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2020-09-01 | 贵州省亚热带作物研究所 | Seedling transplanting method for canna edulis ker seedling seeds |
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