CN105218232A - A kind of longan and Specialized fertilizer for litchi and production method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of longan and Specialized fertilizer for litchi and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN105218232A CN105218232A CN201510625421.8A CN201510625421A CN105218232A CN 105218232 A CN105218232 A CN 105218232A CN 201510625421 A CN201510625421 A CN 201510625421A CN 105218232 A CN105218232 A CN 105218232A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of longan and Specialized fertilizer for litchi and production method thereof, its raw material comprises inorganic fertilizer, organic matter, moderate-element, trace element, blooming promoter and insects repellant; The weight percent of its each component is (representation is referring to GB18877-2009 organic-inorganic complex fertilizer national standard): total nutrient (N+P
2o
5+ K
2o)>=30%, organic>=8%, moderate-element 0.1% ~ 0.5%, trace element 0.04% ~ 0.1%, plant-growth regulator 0.04% ~ 0.1% and insects repellant 0.5 ~ 3%.After using this special fertilizer, lichee, longan root system are dark, flourishing, and bloom early, ability of bearing fruit is strong, simultaneously containing insects repellant, effectively the smelly wind worm of control and subterranean pest-insect causing harm to root, improve the yield and quality.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Crop fertilizer field, be specifically related to special fertilizer and the production method thereof of a kind of longan and lichee.
Background technology
Longan (
dimocarpuslonganLour), also known as longan, intelligence development, evergreen megaphanerophyte, tree height is large.Pluck when 7 ~ August, fruit maturation was tawny.For sapindaceous plant, fruit is eaten raw or is processed into dry products, and meat, core, skin and root all can be done medicinal.Originate in SOUTHERN CHINA and the west and south, have multiple countries and regions to cultivate longan in the world, as: China, Thailand, Indonesia, the Queensland state of Australia, the Hawaii of the U.S. and Florida State etc.
Lichee and banana, pineapple, longan are together known as " the large fruit in the southern part of the country four ".Lichee originates in SOUTHERN CHINA, is subtropical fruit tree, aiphyllium, height about 10 meters.Pericarp has fish-scale shape projection, scarlet, purplish red.Translucent congealed fat shape when pulp produces fresh, taste is fragrant beautiful.But not storage endurance.Lichee is well-known because of poplar highest-ranking imperial concubine eating, makes Du Mu write eternal well-known phrase of " rides human society cv. Feizixiao, and nobody knows it is lichee ".In addition, respectively a large amount of poem about lichee has also been write for the men of literature and writing.Lichee is hot in nature, and many foods are easily got angry, and can cause " litchi sickness ".Timber is solid, dark reddish brown, and texture is graceful, corrosion resistant, is always first-class name material.Hua Duo, is rich in nectary, is important nectariferous plant.Litchi flavor is sweet, sour, warm in nature, enters the heart, spleen, Liver Channel; Pulp has tonifying spleen benefit liver, regulate the flow of vital energy enrich blood, effect of warming middle-JIAO to relieve pain, heart tonifying and tranquilizing; Core have regulate the flow of vital energy, dissipating bind, pain relieving effect; Can stop hiccup, only diarrhoea, be the dietotherapy good merchantable brand of intractable singultus and diarrhea before dawn person, have benefit brain and enhancing fitness simultaneously, whet the appetite beneficial spleen, has the effect promoting appetite.
At present, longan and lichee plantation use inorganic composite fertilizer to be master mostly, cultivation step is there is for a long time unreasonable in whole cultivation management, extensive management, excessively single use inorganic fertilizer, easily causes soil compaction, microorganism reduces, soil fertility declines, and Root Absorption nutritional capacity declines, and biennial bearing phenomenon is serious; The deterioration of edatope causes the generation of disease and pest, and longan, lichee root are easily caused harm by soil subterranean pest-insect, causes root to be destroyed, affects output.
1, [autograph] Gaozhou City typical case Litchi Garden situation of fertilization study and analysis [author] Guo Yuting lies prostrate wide agriculture Zhang Xinming room and flies testing station of [mechanism] Guangxi Research Inst. of Subtropics Corps [periodical name] Guangxi tropical agriculture .2006.1:4-6[digest by the emperor himself] in order to investigate the situation of fertilization of Gaozhou City orchard worker in lichee planting process, result shows, the usage quantity average out to 1.079 of typical lichee garden fertilizer nitrogen phosphorus potassium, 0.631,0.974kg/(strain year), chemical fertilizer N P and K proportioning is 1.00:0.58:0.90; The usage quantity average out to 0.212 of fertilizer N P and K, 0.069,0.097kg/(strain year), fertilizer N P and K proportioning is 1.00:0.33:0.46, finally reaches a conclusion, and Gaozhou county Litchi Garden is to use chemical fertilizer, and organic fertilizer application is supplied.The use of visible chemical fertilizer is still occupied an leading position, and the edatope that phenomenon causes thus worsens more and more serious.
2, what testing station of [mechanism] Guangxi Research Inst. of Subtropics Corps [periodical name] Guangxi, Mo Qing road up to standard tropical agriculture .2006.1:4-6[digest of the application of [autograph] biological organic complex fertilizer in YEAST IN LONGAN PRODUCTION [author]] article biological organic complex fertilizer mainly with urea, monoammonium phosphate, area synergist, potassium primary phosphate for inorganic fertilizer, compost after straw, stalk, bagasse, Caulis Sacchari sinensis leaf, peanut press pulp, cassava skin and pig cow dung, sheep excrement are attached is fertilizer, obtains biological organic fertilizer after both mixing.Described biological organic complex fertilizer inorganic fertilizer N P and K proportioning is relatively single, not too meets with the demand rule of longan, meanwhile, is conventional compostation in fertilizer, containing growth regulatory substance and nutritive substance all less, and can not subterranean pest-insect be walked quickly and kept away, still defectiveness.
3, Chinese patent (CN100448817C) special controlled-release fertilizer for resin film coated leechee and preparation method thereof, Specialized fertilizer for litchi disclosed in patent is composite obtained with components such as 5% thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping saltpetre, 7% thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping saltpetre, 4% thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping ammonium phosphate, 6% thermoplastic membrane wrapping ammonium phosphate, 4% thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea, 6% thermoplastic resin membrane wrapping urea, 8% thermoplastic membrane wrapping urea, compound potassium sulfate fertilizers, need not topdress after once applying, effect of increasing production is good.Described in patent, special-purpose control-release fertilizer is mainly based on Co ntrolled release, and main body is mineral manure, and not containing middle and trace element and organic matter, little to edatope improvement result.
As can be seen here, longan and lichee fertilising large be main mainly with chemical fertilizer, fertilizer also has a small amount of application, but all do not relate to the interpolation of middle and trace element, a kind of organic and inorganic fertile composite fertilizer of exploitation, can urge to spend short fruit, the fertilizer market potential walking quickly and keeping away subterranean pest-insect is huge simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of longan and Specialized fertilizer for litchi and production method thereof, N P and K proportioning content is reasonable, and containing organic, medium trace element is fertile, simultaneously containing blooming promoter and insects repellant, few to overcome existing special fertilizer organic content, easily cause soil deterioration, simultaneously the shortcoming such as functional difference.
technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
Longan of the present invention and Specialized fertilizer for litchi and production method thereof, its raw material comprises inorganic fertilizer, organic matter, moderate-element, trace element, blooming promoter and insects repellant; The weight percent that its each component accounts for longan and Specialized fertilizer for litchi gross weight is: total nutrient (N+P
2o
5+ K
2o)>=30%, organic>=8%, moderate-element 0.1% ~ 0.5%, trace element 0.04% ~ 0.1%, blooming promoter 0.04% ~ 0.1% and insects repellant 0.5 ~ 3%;
Described inorganic fertilizer element is nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, element N>=15%, P containing following mass percent in described inorganic fertilizer
2o
5>=5%, K
2o>=10%;
Described organic matter tobacco, marine alga, manioc waste and pond or bottom silt is piled up the product adding and obtain after zymophyte is fermented;
1. the tobacco in organic matter is a kind of important functional organic fertilizer, containing a large amount of alkaline matter in tobacco, not only edatope can be improved, also containing a large amount of nicotinoids materials, can effectively walk quickly and keep away longan and lichee subterranean pest-insect stings root, simultaneously by can prevent and treat after root Uptake and translocation smelly wind worm invasion and cause harm;
2. plant regulator and other effective constituent is contained in marine alga, these compositions comprise Sargassum polysaccharides, phenols polymer, trimethyl-glycine, endogenous hormones mainly containing cytokinins such as t-zeatin, dihydro zeatin, riboprine purine and t-ribosylzeatins, in addition, also containing Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins and the growth hormone such as indolylacetic acid, indolebutyric acid, can breaking dormancy, Promoting plant growth, induced flowering; Promote the differentiation of xylem, phloem cell, stimulate the formation of new root, promote cutting root of hair, regulate the morphogenesis of callus.
3. manioc waste is by the by product of cassava after processing, cultivate in a large number in Guangxi District, aboundresources, and the materials such as the regulatory enzyme of the fertilizer manioc waste of cassava after processing containing a large amount of amino acid, plant indispensability in the fertilizer of gained after the fermentation of this technique, have and promote that longan and lichee absorb nutrition, improve the features such as photosynthesis.
Described moderate-element is calcium, magnesium, sulphur; Element M g0.5% ~ 2.0%, Ca2.0% ~ 10.00%, S1.0% ~ 5.00% containing following mass percent in described moderate-element;
Described trace element is boron, zinc, copper, element B 0.010% ~ 0.20%, Zn0.010% ~ 0.20% containing following mass percent in described trace element, Cu0.010% ~ 0.20%, Mo0.010% ~ 0.20%;
Described blooming promoter be Potcrate, Lalgine, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins, indolebutyric acid and or naphthylacetic acid in one or more;
Potcrate has an impact to the carbohydrate in longan and lichee after using, comprising total reducing sugar, starch and soluble sugar etc., phytokinin in plant total nitrogen content and tender shoots, endogenous gibberellins, Endogenous Abscisic Acid Content, Endogenous auxin etc. are changed simultaneously, induction shifts to an earlier date or off-season flowering, promote reproductive growth, suppress biennial bearing phenomenon, improve output.
Lalgine has following effect: the multiple anti-adversity abilities such as 1. in stimulating plant body, Enzymes is active, and enhancing crop is drought-resistant, cold, saline and alkaline.2. well-balanced adjustment plant-growth, promotes bud differentiation, improves fruit-setting rate, reduces shedding, dehiscent fruit.3. promote plant root system development, improve soil nutrient, the absorbing of moisture; Increase chlorophyll content, improve photosynthetic efficiency, increase substantially output, oil recovery enhancement.4. Lalgine is a kind of natural biological preparation, nontoxic to people and animals, environmentally safe, is the superior prod of producing nuisanceless longan and lichee.
Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins, indolebutyric acid and naphthylacetic acid are common plant growth regulating substances, can promote cell fission, urge to bloom, and improve fruit-setting rate, finally improve output.
One or more in described insect repellent agent pamorusa oil, Oleum lavandula angustifolia, turps, Oleum Cinnamomi, nicotine, MTI-446, clothianidin, Diacloden.
Containing materials such as citronellic acid, geranial, citronellene, geraniol, citronellyl acrylates in pamorusa oil, these materials have volatile flavor, effectively can walk quickly and keep away mosquito, fly, cockroach and subterranean pest-insect etc., safety and environmental protection, pollution-free.
Oleum lavandula angustifolia is colourless yellow-green liquid, there is happy smell, be mainly used in preparing cosmetics and soap compound, also be used to do insect repellent simultaneously, its main component has about 68 kinds of compounds, mainly contain the materials such as methyl vinyl ketone, methacrolein, 5-hexene-2-ketone, 3,3-dimethylpentanes, 1-methyl-2-isopropyl benzene, 7-octene-4-alcohol.
Turps is the pine tree (Pinus) of being rich in rosin is raw material, and the terpenes mixed solution that the volatility obtained by different processing modes has aromatic odour is called turps.Terebinthine composition is different from the difference in seeds, the age of tree and the place of production, and with top grade and the one-level turps of Pinus massoniana Lamb pine gum processing, its main component is a-firpene, next is b-firpene, limonene etc., empirical tests, turps has active function to Multiple Pesticides insect, as red spider, aphid, grub etc.
Main containing phenylacrolein in Oleum Cinnamomi, verified, phenylacrolein has the multiple sanitary insect pests such as sewage ditch mosquito larvae (wriggler), aphid, trialeurodes vaporariorum, beet armyworm and agricultural chemicals insect walks quickly and keeps away or contact toxicity.
Saline and alkaline, MTI-446, clothianidin and Diacloden are nicotinoids agricultural insecticide, cross resistance is not had with common insecticides, it not only has efficiently, absorption in wide spectrum and good root, tag and stomach poison function, and low to mammalian toxicity, environmentally safe.Can effectively preventing and treating the insects such as Homoptera, Coleoptera, Diptera and lepidopteran, also having good activity to preventing and treating by conventional pesticides the insect developed immunity to drugs.Both can be used for cauline leaf process, also can be used for soil, seed treatment.
Described organic matter zymophyte used is the SUKAAgri-C3008/C zymophyte that Su Kehan (Weifang) biotechnology company limited produces, and every 1000 kilograms to add zymophyte amounts be 0.8 ~ 2.5kg.
Zymophyte is the SUKAAgri-C3008/C zymophyte that Su Kehan (Weifang) biotechnology company limited produces, and every 1000 kilograms of interpolation zymophyte amounts are 0.8 ~ 2.5kg, and network address is:
http:// wfzhulunming.cn.china.cn/supply/2166431119.html, SUKAAgri-C3008/C is a kind of microniological proudcts, the non-virulent beneficial microorganism containing high density, and with the addition of the multiple enzyme that can decompose various macromolecular substance.Microorganism in this product can produce digestive ferment to decompose organic matter in compost and cellulose family carbohydrate in composting process.In composting process, add this concentrated product with supplementary original strain, and strengthen the decomposition of organic matter to utilize Mierocrystalline cellulose and agricultural solid waste to produce soil ulmin compost.SUKAAgri-C3008/C is containing the aerobic microbiological with special efficacy capacity of decomposition, and they can grow and decomposing organic matter in composting process.Compound strain in SUKAAgri-C3008/C product can decompose rapidly the organic substance in industry, city and agricultural waste.
Contriver is to above-mentioned zymophyte before use first through the enlarged culturing of bacterial classification, and substratum consists of: 5-8% Semen Maydis powder, 35-55% molasses, 0.03-0.15% Repone K; Cultural method is: by strain inoculation in seed fermentation tank, seed fermentation tank fermentation condition: temperature 30-35 DEG C, pH8.0-9.0, inoculum size 1-4%, stirring velocity 150-225r/min, ventilation 0.3-0.53/h, fermentation time 48-60h.Carry out enlarged culturing to zymophyte, expanding numerous rear effective bacterial content obviously increases, and bacterial classification rate of utilization significantly improves, and greatly can shorten fermentation time, reduces production cost.
The production technique of organic fertilizer fermentation of the present invention is: first as stated above fermented bacterium is carried out enlarged culturing; Organic fertilizer raw material be laid in bottom fermenter, mix, adjustment moisture content, stirs, and while be evenly sprayed in organic goods, materials and equipments by the bacterium liquid after above-mentioned fermentation, humidity adjustment is about 55%-60%(hand and pinches and agglomeratingly not drip, and namely unclamping falls apart is advisable); Compost height is about 0.8-1.5 rice, and length can make slivering buttress type, coating film, then plugs permeability cell and ferments; After temperature reaches 70 degree or one week of fermentation, carry out turning during compost, fermentation 7-15 days, to obtain final product.
By in urea, ammonium chloride, diammonium phosphate, one or more provide N element in described inorganic fertilizer element; P
2o
5for fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, calcium superphosphate, diammonium phosphate provide in one or both provide; K
2o provides for Repone K or potassium sulfate; Mg element in described moderate-element by fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, magnesium sulfate containing crystal water, magnesium chloride, one or more material magnesian mixes provides; Ca element is mixed by one or more material of fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, Calucium Silicate powder, white lime, gypsum to be provided; S element provides by mixing containing one or more the material in the magnesium sulfate of crystal water, zinc sulfate, potassium sulfate, gypsum, sulphur; B element in described trace element is mixed by one or more material of borax, boric acid to be provided; Zn element is provided by the zinc sulfate containing crystal water; Cu element is provided by copper sulfate; Mo element is provided by ammonium molybdate.
This special fertilizer production process divides two kinds:
1. when insects repellant is pressed powder, during as MTI-446, clothianidin or Diacloden, working method is: insects repellant composition is crushed to 325 orders through micronizer mill, for subsequent use, after moderate-element, trace element, fertilizer are mixed, finally mix with inorganic fertilizer again, above-mentioned solid material is pulverized through gravity system, abundant blending evenly, by the granulation of drum granulating method, granule sieving, is sprayed onto on particle by insects repellant in seed-coating machine, even dressing, automatic measuring packing, after the assay was approved and get final product;
2. when insects repellant is liquid, as pamorusa oil, Oleum lavandula angustifolia, turps, Oleum Cinnamomi, saline and alkaline time, working method is: insects repellant composition is pre-mixed evenly, and suction automatic spraying system is for subsequent use; Moderate-element, trace element and fertilizer are pre-mixed evenly, mix with inorganic fertilizer again, pulverize through gravity system, abundant blending evenly, by the granulation of drum granulating method, after granule sieving, evenly be sprayed onto on particle by liquid botanical fungicide automatic spraying system, automatic dosage is packed, after the assay was approved and get final product.
This fertilizer formula is reasonable, containing organic, also have short material of blooming, can promote that fruit tree blooms, bear fruit many, well developed root system, empirical tests, can also application in apple, mango, banana fertilising.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, in longan and Specialized fertilizer for litchi containing the organic matter such as saline and alkaline, effectively can improve soil ph, make that the soil is porous, good permeability, also has the effect of walking quickly and keeping away insect, makes the root of longan and lichee exempt from harm.
Fertilizer is obtained through fermentation in the marine alga organic matter of 2, longan and Specialized fertilizer for litchi, containing plant growth regulating substance, as Sargassum polysaccharides, phenols polymer, trimethyl-glycine, there is the guiding of conveying up and down promoting organism and inorganics in plant materials, regulate the osmosis of cell, promote plant growth.Zymophyte is the SUKAAgri-C3008/C zymophyte that Su Kehan (Weifang) biotechnology company limited produces, and every 1000 kilograms of interpolation zymophyte amounts are 0.8 ~ 2.5kg, the enlarged culturing first through bacterial classification before using.Substratum consists of: 3-5% Semen Maydis powder, 20-60% molasses, 0.01-0.15% Repone K.Its effect is better played at the fermenting process of bacterial classification and molasses alcohol waste liquid, filter mud of sugar refinery and sugarcane marrow; Bacterial classification and tobacco, marine alga, manioc waste and pond or bottom silt are piled deposition fermenting process and are better played its effect.
3, the short of special fertilizer kind blooms material after a procedure, can promote longan and lichee off-season flowering, promotes bud differentiation and bears fruit, and reduces biennial bearing phenomenon.
4, the medium trace element fertilizer in longan and Specialized fertilizer for litchi can supplement nutritive substance required in longan and lichee vegetative period in time, and promote that stem stalk grows in time, stem stalk is sturdy, and lodging tolerance is strong.
5, the use of manioc waste effectively make use of the waste material waste residue produced in cassava process of manufacture, turns waste into wealth, and the fertilizer obtained after fermentation contains amino acid, can promote Crop nutrition, improves resistance.
6, insects repellant is contained in special fertilizer, good avoidance effect is had to the subterranean pest-insect such as grub, cutworm, wireworm, mole cricket of longan and lichee, and prophylactic effect is had to the smelly wind worm in process of growth after Uptake and translocation, reduce later stage laxative number of times, alleviate peasant household's labour intensity and burden, embody the fertilizer application mode of " single-dose application, whole process is sorrow not ".
7, applied range, longan and Specialized fertilizer for litchi removing outside application, can also be applied on longan and lichee on the fruit trees such as apple, mango, banana, equal energy Accelerate bloom, average mu volume increase more than 17%, uses rear loosing soil, preserve moisture and fertility, is beneficial to absorption nutrition, improves crop quality.
Embodiment
embodiment 1
Preparation N P and K total nutrient 30%(15-5-10), longan and the Specialized fertilizer for litchi (15-5-10) of organic 10% refer to N, P respectively
2o
5, K
2the nutrient percentage composition of O, as follows).
Composition of raw materials compares: 350 kilograms, urea (containing N by 46.0%), diammonium phosphate 120 kg is (containing N by 16%, containing P
2o
5by 46.0%) 8 kilograms, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate is (containing P
2o
5by 18.0%, containing Mg by 9%, containing Ca by 28.4%, containing Si by 12.7%), potassium sulfate 200 kilograms is (containing K
2o is by 50.0%, containing S by 17.0%), borax 1.5 kilograms (containing B by 11%), Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate 0.5 kilogram (containing Zn by 23%), ammonium molybdate 1 kilogram (containing Mo by 54%), 1 kilogram, copper sulfate (containing Cu by 23%), fertilizer 200 kilograms, 1 kilogram, Potcrate, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins 1 kilogram, 20 kilograms, turps, pamorusa oil 50 kilograms, Oleum Cinnamomi 50 kilograms.
Zymophyte is the SUKAAgri-C3008/C zymophyte that Su Kehan (Weifang) biotechnology company limited produces, and every 1000 kilograms of interpolation zymophyte amounts are 0.8 ~ 2.5kg, the enlarged culturing first through bacterial classification before using.Substratum consists of: 3-5% Semen Maydis powder, 20-60% molasses, 0.01-0.15% Repone K.
Production process is: fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, borax, Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate, ammonium molybdate, copper sulfate, Potcrate, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins are taken rear input stirring tank by above-mentioned dosage, stir and drop into fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer after 15 minutes, premix was pulverized through gravity system after 20 minutes, by the granulation of drum granulating method, particle sub-sieve, sprays into particle by antomobile sprayer, discharging after turps, pamorusa oil and Oleum Cinnamomi being mixed, automatic measuring packing, after the assay was approved and get final product.
embodiment 2
Preparation N P and K total nutrient 40%(15-10-15), longan and the Specialized fertilizer for litchi (15-10-15) of organic 8% refer to N, P respectively
2o
5, K
2the nutrient percentage composition of O, as follows).
Composition of raw materials compares: 250 kilograms, urea (containing N by 46.0%), diammonium phosphate 220 kilograms is (containing N by 16%, containing P
2o
5by 46.0%) 15 kilograms, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate is (containing P
2o
5by 18.0%, containing Mg by 9%, containing Ca by 28.4%, containing Si by 12.7%), 250 kilograms, Repone K is (containing K
2o is by 60.0%), borax 1 kilogram (containing B by 11%), Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate 1 kilogram (containing Zn by 23%), ammonium molybdate 1 kilogram (containing Mo by 54%), 2 kilograms, copper sulfate (containing Cu by 23%), fertilizer 245 kilograms, Lalgine 1 kilogram, indolebutyric acid 0.5 kilogram, Oleum lavandula angustifolia 10 kilograms, saline and alkaline 2 kilograms, MTI-446 2 kilograms.
Zymophyte is the SUKAAgri-C3008/C zymophyte that Su Kehan (Weifang) biotechnology company limited produces, and every 1000 kilograms of interpolation zymophyte amounts are 0.8 ~ 2.5kg, the enlarged culturing first through bacterial classification before using.Substratum consists of: 3-5% Semen Maydis powder, 20-60% molasses, 0.01-0.15% Repone K.
Production process is:
1. by 10 kilograms of Oleum lavandula angustifolias, in 2 kilograms of saline and alkaline 50 kilograms of buckets, 10 minutes are stirred in advance, vacuum suction automatic spraying system, for subsequent use;
2. MTI-446 is crushed to 325 orders through micronizer mill, for subsequent use;
3. by fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, borax, Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate, ammonium molybdate, copper sulfate, Lalgine, indolebutyric acid takes rear input stirring tank by above-mentioned dosage, stirs and drops into fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer after 15 minutes, premix was pulverized through gravity system after 20 minutes, by the granulation of drum granulating method, particle sub-sieve, 1. amounts to 80 kilograms and sprays into particle by mixed in advance by antomobile sprayer, then 2. material is sprayed onto on particle through automatic powder blower, discharging, automatic measuring packing, after the assay was approved and get final product.
embodiment 3
Preparation N P and K total nutrient 44%(17-10-17), longan and the Specialized fertilizer for litchi (17-10-17) of organic 8% refer to N, P respectively
2o
5, K
2the nutrient percentage composition of O, as follows).
Composition of raw materials compares: 300 kilograms, urea (containing N by 46.0%), diammonium phosphate 220 kilograms is (containing N by 16%, containing P
2o
5by 46.0%) 5 kilograms, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate is (containing P
2o
5by 18.0%, containing Mg by 9%, containing Ca by 28.4%, containing Si by 12.7%), 285 kilograms, Repone K is (containing K
2o is by 60.0%), borax 1 kilogram (containing B by 11%), Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate 1 kilogram (containing Zn by 23%), ammonium molybdate 1 kilogram (containing Mo by 54%), 1 kilogram, copper sulfate (containing Cu by 23%), indolebutyric acid 0.5 kilogram, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins 0.5 kilogram, 1 kilogram, Potcrate, fertilizer 160 kilograms, clothianidin 1 kilogram, Diacloden 25 kilograms.
Zymophyte is the SUKAAgri-C3008/C zymophyte that Su Kehan (Weifang) biotechnology company limited produces, and every 1000 kilograms of interpolation zymophyte amounts are 0.8 ~ 2.5kg, the enlarged culturing first through bacterial classification before using.Substratum consists of: 3-5% Semen Maydis powder, 20-60% molasses, 0.01-0.15% Repone K.
Production process is:
1. clothianidin and Diacloden are crushed to 325 orders through micronizer mill, for subsequent use;
2. by fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, borax, Zinc Sulphate Heptahydrate, ammonium molybdate, copper sulfate, indolebutyric acid, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins, Potcrate takes rear input stirring tank by above-mentioned dosage, and stir and drop into fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer after 15 minutes, premix was pulverized through gravity system after 20 minutes, by the granulation of drum granulating method, particle sub-sieve, 1. amounts to 31 kilograms spray into particle by antomobile sprayer, discharging by mixed in advance, automatic measuring packing, after the assay was approved and get final product.
embodiment 4
the impact of after longan and Specialized fertilizer for litchi use, longan and lichee being bloomed and being beared fruit
For further illustrating advantage of the present invention, contriver has carried out the impact experiment that longan and Specialized fertilizer for litchi are bloomed on it and beared fruit in the Lingshan, Qinzhou.
crop: longan, lichee
2 test period: on March 9th, 2013
3 test process and community arrangement
longan:
1. CK-uses 15-15-15 composite fertilizer, 3kg/, co-processing 50
2. 1-30%(15-5-10 is processed) longan and Specialized fertilizer for litchi (embodiment 1), 3kg/, processes 50
3. 2-40%(15-10-15 is processed) longan and Specialized fertilizer for litchi (embodiment 2), 3kg/, processes 50
4. 3-44%(17-10-17 is processed) longan and Specialized fertilizer for litchi (embodiment 3), 3kg/, processes 50
lichee:
1. CK-uses 15-15-15 composite fertilizer, 3kg/, co-processing 50
2. 1-30%(15-5-10 is processed) longan and Specialized fertilizer for litchi (embodiment 1), 3kg/, processes 50
3. 2-40%(15-10-15 is processed) longan and Specialized fertilizer for litchi (embodiment 2), 3kg/, processes 50
4. 3-44%(17-10-17 is processed) longan and Specialized fertilizer for litchi (embodiment 3), 3kg/, processes 50
4 results
In fertilising latter 50 days, the chlorophyll content in leaf blades of longan and lichee is detected, the results are shown in following table:
Chlorophyll is the place of photosynthesis of plant, and chlorophyll content height directly affects intensity of photosynthesis.And after longan and lichee use special fertilizer of the present invention, obviously can promote the chlorophyll a of blade and the content of b, blade is more dark green, photosynthetic efficiency can be significantly improved, photosynthate increases more, thus promote longan and Flower Bud Initiation of Litchi, improve into rate and fruit-setting rate, finally improve output.
Meanwhile, contriver also investigates the subterranean pest-insect grub of longan and lichee root, cutworm and wireworm, follows the tracks of smelly causing harm of wind worm in later stage.Each process statistics 20 tree, the results are shown in following table:
Can find out, use longan and Specialized fertilizer for litchi in the present invention, have very great help in prevention subterranean pest-insect and smelly wind worm, the special fertilizer of contrast does not have the effect of walking quickly and keeping away subterranean pest-insect, and embodiment 1-3 all has very strong avoidance effect, especially to cutworm, in the longan and lichee of investigation, after using special fertilizer, cutworm is respectively 0 and 1, contrast then has 11 and 23, simultaneously, to grub, wireworm also has good preventive effect, and to the smelly wind worm in later stage, there is prophylactic effect equally, do not reach index for control, make longan and lichee in planting process, not need control, greatly reduce pollution and the labour intensity of chemical pesticide, reduce production cost, simultaneously, output is improved a lot, see the following form:
embodiment 5
For advantage of the present invention is better described, contriver, except except longan and lichee, also tests on apple, mango and banana.
for studying thingapple, mango, banana
2 test treatment processsbottom application before planting, and impose twice in vegetative period
3 test sites
Apple-Weinan City Dali County, Shaanxi Province
Mango-Tiandong County, City: A Case Study in Baise
Banana-gold fringe banana base, Nanning
4 test process
Apple: 1. CK-uses 15-15-15 composite fertilizer, 100kg/ mu
2. 1-25%(13-6-6 is processed) special fertilizer (embodiment 1), 100kg/ mu, imposes 2kg/, twice
3. 2-30%(15-7-8 is processed) special fertilizer (embodiment 2), 100kg/ mu, imposes 2kg/, twice
4. 3-40%(20-10-10 is processed) special fertilizer (embodiment 3) 100kg/ mu, impose 2kg/, twice
Mango: 1. CK-uses 15-15-15 composite fertilizer, 100kg/ mu
2. 1-25%(13-6-6 is processed) special fertilizer (embodiment 1), 100kg/ mu, imposes 1kg/, twice
3. 2-30%(15-7-8 is processed) special fertilizer (embodiment 2), 100kg/ mu, imposes 1kg/, twice
4. 3-40%(20-10-10 is processed) special fertilizer (embodiment 3), 100kg/ mu, imposes 1kg/, twice
Banana: 1. CK-uses 15-15-15 composite fertilizer, 60kg/ mu
2. 1-25%(13-6-6 is processed) special fertilizer (embodiment 1), 60kg/ mu, imposes 3kg/, twice
3. 2-30%(15-7-8 is processed) special fertilizer (embodiment 2), 60kg/ mu, imposes 3kg/, twice
4. 3-40%(20-10-10 is processed) special fertilizer (embodiment 3), 60kg/ mu imposes 3kg/, twice
4 test-results
From above-mentioned test-results, invention special fertilizer all has production-increasing function in various degree to apple, mango and banana, and apple every is volume increase 73-100 kilogram on average, and effect of increasing production is the most remarkable; Mango is every volume increase 40-87 kilogram on average; Every, banana volume increase 2-5 kilogram; Significantly improve economic benefit to plantation peasant household.
In the process using special fertilizer, crop growing state is obviously better than contrast, blooms early, reproductive growth is fast, and the fruit in later stage is neat, substance is obviously heavy than contrast, and can effective repellent subterranean pest-insect, spray insecticide less, reduce agricultural chemicals and drop into and labour cost, improve economic and social benefit.
Claims (6)
1. longan and a Specialized fertilizer for litchi, is characterized in that: its raw material comprises inorganic fertilizer, organic matter, moderate-element, trace element, blooming promoter and insects repellant; The weight percent that its each component accounts for longan and Specialized fertilizer for litchi gross weight is: total nutrient (N+P
2o
5+ K
2o)>=30%, organic>=8%, moderate-element 0.1% ~ 0.5%, trace element 0.04% ~ 0.1%, blooming promoter 0.04% ~ 0.1% and insects repellant 0.5 ~ 3%;
Described inorganic fertilizer element is nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, element N>=15%, P containing following mass percent in described inorganic fertilizer
2o
5>=5%, K
2o>=10%;
Described organic matter is the product will obtained behind tobacco, marine alga, manioc waste and pond or bottom silt heap fermentation;
Described moderate-element is calcium, magnesium, sulphur; Element M g0.5% ~ 2.0%, Ca2.0% ~ 10.00%, S1.0% ~ 5.00% containing following mass percent in described moderate-element;
Described trace element is boron, zinc, copper, element B 0.010% ~ 0.20%, Zn0.010% ~ 0.20% containing following mass percent in described trace element, Cu0.010% ~ 0.20%, Mo0.010% ~ 0.20%;
Described blooming promoter be Potcrate, Lalgine, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins, indolebutyric acid and or naphthylacetic acid in one or more;
One or more in described insect repellent agent pamorusa oil, Oleum lavandula angustifolia, turps, Oleum Cinnamomi, nicotine, MTI-446, clothianidin, Diacloden.
2. longan according to claim 1 and Specialized fertilizer for litchi, it is characterized in that: described organic matter zymophyte used is the SUKAAgri-C3008/C zymophyte that Su Kehan (Weifang) biotechnology company limited produces, every 1000 kilograms to add zymophyte amounts be 0.8 ~ 2.5kg.
3. special sugarcane composite fertilizer according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described zymophyte is before use first through the enlarged culturing of bacterial classification, and substratum consists of: 5-8% Semen Maydis powder, 35-55% molasses, 0.03-0.15% Repone K; Cultural method is: by strain inoculation in seed fermentation tank, seed fermentation tank fermentation condition: temperature 30-35 DEG C, pH8.0-9.0, inoculum size 1-4%, stirring velocity 150-225r/min, ventilation 0.3-0.53/h, fermentation time 48-60h.
4. longan according to claim 1 and Specialized fertilizer for litchi, is characterized in that: by urea, ammonium chloride, diammonium phosphate, one or more provide the N element in described inorganic fertilizer element; P
2o
5for fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, calcium superphosphate, diammonium phosphate provide in one or both provide; K
2o provides for Repone K or potassium sulfate; Mg element in described moderate-element by fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, magnesium sulfate containing crystal water, magnesium chloride, one or more material magnesian mixes provides; Ca element is mixed by one or more material of fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, Calucium Silicate powder, white lime, gypsum to be provided; S element provides by mixing containing one or more the material in the magnesium sulfate of crystal water, zinc sulfate, potassium sulfate, gypsum, sulphur; B element in described trace element is mixed by one or more material of borax, boric acid to be provided; Zn element is provided by the zinc sulfate containing crystal water; Cu element is provided by copper sulfate; Mo element is provided by ammonium molybdate.
5. longan according to claim 1 and Specialized fertilizer for litchi, is characterized in that: production process divides two kinds:
1. when insects repellant is pressed powder, working method is: insects repellant composition is crushed to 325 orders through micronizer mill, for subsequent use, after moderate-element, trace element, fertilizer being mixed, finally mix with inorganic fertilizer again, above-mentioned solid material is pulverized through gravity system, fully blending evenly, by the granulation of drum granulating method, granule sieving, in seed-coating machine, insects repellant is sprayed onto on particle, even dressing, automatic measuring packing, after the assay was approved and get final product;
2. when insects repellant is liquid, working method is: insects repellant composition is pre-mixed evenly, and suction automatic spraying system is for subsequent use; Moderate-element, trace element and fertilizer are pre-mixed evenly, mix with inorganic fertilizer again, pulverize through gravity system, abundant blending evenly, by the granulation of drum granulating method, after granule sieving, evenly be sprayed onto on particle by liquid botanical fungicide automatic spraying system, automatic dosage is packed, after the assay was approved and get final product.
6. longan according to claim 1 and Specialized fertilizer for litchi, is characterized in that: this fertilizer can also apple, mango, banana fertilising in application.
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