CN106416776A - Planting method of litchi with extended shelf life - Google Patents
Planting method of litchi with extended shelf life Download PDFInfo
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- CN106416776A CN106416776A CN201610754991.1A CN201610754991A CN106416776A CN 106416776 A CN106416776 A CN 106416776A CN 201610754991 A CN201610754991 A CN 201610754991A CN 106416776 A CN106416776 A CN 106416776A
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- Prior art keywords
- parts
- litchi
- lichee
- life
- extended shelf
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N3/00—Preservation of plants or parts thereof, e.g. inhibiting evaporation, improvement of the appearance of leaves or protection against physical influences such as UV radiation using chemical compositions; Grafting wax
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
- C05F5/002—Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a planting method of litchi with extended shelf life. The planting method includes step 1: after picking litchi, cutting off the branches with diameter less than 1cm, and then crushing the branches into branch particles that are mixed with nano-selenium fertilizer, burying the mixture into a pit next to the lychee roots, wherein nano-rich fertilizer includes wood chips, cottonseed hull, corn flour, sodium selenite, black peanuts and black sesame; step 2, girdling the lychee tree trunk, spraying 95% of ethyl alcohol at the girdled site, and lime, plant vaccine, and sodium selenite solution to the leaves; step 3, in the litchi flower germination period, spraying the leaves with compound cytokinin once or twice, spraying the roots with sodium selenite solution once, wherein the mass concentration of sodium selenite solution is 0.2-0.3%; step 4, in the litchi flowering period, thinning flower, spraying sodium selenite solution to the roots once, wherein the mass concentration of sodium selenite solution is 0.2-0.3%; step 5, in the fruiting period, spraying 0.3-0.5% of sodium selenite solution to the leaves three times, once per 10 to 12 days.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of implantation methods of the lichee of extended shelf-life.
Background technology
Lichee (scientific name:Litchi chinensis Sonn.) Sapindaceae, lichee belongs to aiphyllium, high about 10 meters.Really
Skin has fish-scale shape projection, scarlet, purplish red.Maturation is up to cerise;Seed is all wrapped up by meat aril.Spring at florescence, really
Summer phase.Translucent congealed fat shape when pulp produces fresh, taste is fragrant beautiful, but not storage endurance.It is distributed in the west and south, south and the southeast of China
Portion, Guangdong and south Fujian cultivation are contained most.Also there is cultivation the Asia southeast, and there is the record introduced a fine variety in Africa, America and Oceania.Litchi
Branch and banana, pineapple, longan are together known as " the big fruit in the southern part of the country four ".Lichee is sweet, sour, warm in nature, enter the heart, spleen, Liver Channel;Can stop oh
Inverse, only suffer from diarrhoea, be intractable hiccup and the diet good food of diarrhea before dawn person, have benefit brain and enhancing fitness simultaneously, the beneficial spleen of appetizing, there is promotion appetite
The effect of.Because of property heat, eat more and easily get angry.Lichee timber is solid, and texture is graceful, and corrosion resistant, always for first-class name material.
General lichee is i.e. inedible after preserving 3 days, or taste deterioration, generally require preserved using ice cube although
The shelf-life of lichee can be extended to a certain extent, but because the demand of ice cube is big, cause larger economic loss.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solving at least the above and/or defect, and provide at least will be described later excellent
Point.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide a kind of implantation methods of the lichee of extended shelf-life.The skill that the present invention provides
Art scheme is:
A kind of implantation methods of the lichee of extended shelf-life, comprise the steps:
Step one, in lichee pluck after, cut diameter be less than 1cm branch, afterwards described branch is pulverized little for granularity
In the branch particle of 20 mesh, by this branch particle with nano biological fertilizer according to mass ratio 1:After 10~20 mix, imbed litchi
The other depth of root is in the hole of 1.5~2m, and the manufacturing process of described nano biological fertilizer is:In parts by weight, take 10~30 parts of wood chip,
6~10 parts of cotton seed hulls, 6~10 parts of corn flour, 5~10 parts of blueberry, 10~20 parts of lycium ruthenicum, 6~10 parts and 3~7 parts of Semen sesami nigrum,
It is placed in anaerobic closed, 37~50 DEG C of temperature and humidity 70%~80% condition bottom fermentation 30~50 days, be processed as nanoscale afterwards
Particle, obtains nano biological fertilizer;
Step 2, litchi trunk is carried out band girdle, and spray 95% alcohol, blade spraying lime simultaneously at band girdle
And plant vaccine;
Step 3, in lychee flower sprouting period, apply complex cell mitogen 1~2 time to foliar spray, to root sprinkling antistaling agent
1 time, described antistaling agent includes the component of following parts by weight:5~10 parts of dandelion extract, 3~5 parts of chitin, grape pip
3~7 parts of extract and 70~80 parts of magnetized water;
Step 4, carry out flower thinning at the lichee florescence, and to antistaling agent described in root sprinkling once;With
Step 5, spray described antistaling agent three times, every minor tick 10~12 days in fruit development period to fruit.
Preferably, in the implantation methods of the lichee of described extended shelf-life, in described step one, to every litchi
Apply nano biological fertilizer described in 50~80g.
Preferably, in the implantation methods of the lichee of described extended shelf-life, in described step 3, to every lichee
The antistaling agent described in root sprinkling 5~10L of tree.
Preferably, in the implantation methods of the lichee of described extended shelf-life, in described step 4, to every litchi
Antistaling agent described in root sprinkling 10~15L.
Preferably, in the implantation methods of the lichee of described extended shelf-life, in described step one, described hole and lichee
The horizontal range of tree is 50~60cm.
Preferably, in the implantation methods of the lichee of described extended shelf-life, with described step after described step 2
Between rapid three, also include:
Step A, annual 1~March, insulation material wrapped from interior to interior successively in every litchi outer wrapping one layer of heat preservation material
Include:Mineral wool, activated carbon and rock wool heat-preservation felt, the thickness of described insulation material is 3~5cm, and described insulation material is rectangle,
And it is provided with the VELCRO that can be connected to each other along its length.
Preferably, in the implantation methods of the lichee of described extended shelf-life, described nano biological fertilizer also includes:Nanometer
5~10 parts of activated carbon.
The present invention at least includes following beneficial effect:
The present invention adopts nano biological fertilizer to cultivate lichee, contains the oxidation resistance such as blueberry and lycium ruthenicum in nano biological fertilizer
Higher composition is so that after litchi absorption, can supply the more polyphenoils of litchi fruits, thus extending litchi fruits
Shelf-life;Meanwhile, before litchi result and after bearing fruit, all spray certain antistaling agent, be fruit accumulation and store
Preservation liquid, after lichee of receiving, the shelf-life that lichee can be extended to 12~15 days, method of the present invention Nonpoisonous, non-environmental-pollution, product
Matter is homogeneous, yield is high.
The present invention also using flower thinning and bears fruit simultaneously, ensures the stable yield of lichee.In cold season, in litchi
Outer layer covers insulation material it is ensured that the growth of litchi, carry out cold-proof process, so as not to impact spring bear fruit;In nano biological
It is added with active carbon nanoparticles, to improve the retain water and nutrients ability of nano biological fertilizer in fertilizer.
Part is embodied by the further advantage of the present invention, target and feature by description below, and part also will be by this
Invention research and practice and be understood by the person skilled in the art.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, to make those skilled in the art with reference to specification
Word can be implemented according to this.
It should be appreciated that used herein such as " have ", "comprising" and " inclusion " term do not allot one or many
The presence of individual other element or a combination thereof or interpolation.
The present invention provides a kind of implantation methods of the lichee of extended shelf-life, comprises the steps:Step one, adopt in lichee
After plucking, cut the branch that diameter is less than 1cm, afterwards described branch is pulverized the branch particle being less than 20 mesh for granularity, by this branch
Bar particle and nano biological fertilizer are according to mass ratio 1:After 10~20 mix, the other depth of embedment lichee tree root is in the hole of 1.5~2m,
The manufacturing process of described nano biological fertilizer is:In parts by weight, take 10~30 parts of wood chip, 6~10 parts of cotton seed hulls, corn flour 6~
10 parts, 5~10 parts of blueberry, 10~20 parts of lycium ruthenicum, 6~10 parts and 3~7 parts of Semen sesami nigrum, are placed in anaerobic closed, temperature 37~50
DEG C and humidity 70%~80% condition bottom fermentation 30~50 days, be processed as nano-scale particle afterwards, obtain nano biological fertilizer;
Step 2, litchi trunk is carried out band girdle, and spray 95% alcohol, blade spraying lime simultaneously at band girdle
And plant vaccine;
Step 3, in lychee flower sprouting period, apply complex cell mitogen 1~2 time to foliar spray, to root sprinkling antistaling agent
1 time, described antistaling agent includes the component of following parts by weight:5~10 parts of dandelion extract, 3~5 parts of chitin, grape pip
3~7 parts of extract and 70~80 parts of magnetized water;
Step 4, carry out flower thinning at the lichee florescence, and to antistaling agent described in root sprinkling once;With
Step 5, spray described antistaling agent three times, every minor tick 10~12 days in fruit development period to fruit.
In one of embodiment of the present invention, preferably, in described step one, every litchi is applied with 50~
Nano biological fertilizer described in 80g.
In one of embodiment of the present invention, preferably, the root in described step 3, to every litchi
Antistaling agent described in sprinkling 5~10L.
In one of embodiment of the present invention, preferably, in described step 4, drenching to the root of every litchi
Pour antistaling agent described in 10~15L.
In one of embodiment of the present invention, preferably, in described step one, the level of described hole and litchi
Distance is 50~60cm.
In one of embodiment of the present invention, preferably, after described step 2 and described step 3 between,
Also include:
Step A, annual 1~March, insulation material wrapped from interior to interior successively in every litchi outer wrapping one layer of heat preservation material
Include:Mineral wool, activated carbon and rock wool heat-preservation felt, the thickness of described insulation material is 3~5cm, and described insulation material is rectangle,
And it is provided with the VELCRO that can be connected to each other along its length.The outside of litchi, Ke Yichong can be easily wrapped in
Multiple use.
In one of embodiment of the present invention, preferably, described nano biological fertilizer also includes:Active carbon nanoparticles 5
~10 parts.Being capable of retain water and nutrients.
Embodiment 1
A kind of implantation methods of the lichee of extended shelf-life, comprise the steps:
Step one, in lichee pluck after, cut diameter be less than 1cm branch, afterwards described branch is pulverized little for granularity
In the branch particle of 20 mesh, by this branch particle with nano biological fertilizer according to mass ratio 1:After 10~20 mix, imbed litchi
The other depth of root is in the hole of 1.5~2m, and described hole is 50~60cm with the horizontal range of litchi, the system of described nano biological fertilizer
As process it is:In parts by weight, take 10~30 parts of wood chip, 6~10 parts of cotton seed hulls, 6~10 parts of corn flour, 5~10 parts of blueberry, black
10~20 parts of matrimony vine, 6~10 parts, 5~10 parts of active carbon nanoparticles and 3~7 parts of Semen sesami nigrum, are placed in anaerobic closed, temperature 37~50
DEG C and humidity 70%~80% condition bottom fermentation 30~50 days, be processed as nano-scale particle afterwards, obtain nano biological fertilizer;To every
Litchi applies nano biological fertilizer described in 50~80g.
Step 2, litchi trunk is carried out band girdle, and spray 95% alcohol, blade spraying lime simultaneously at band girdle
And plant vaccine;
Step A, annual 1~March, insulation material wrapped from interior to interior successively in every litchi outer wrapping one layer of heat preservation material
Include:Mineral wool, activated carbon and rock wool heat-preservation felt, the thickness of described insulation material is 3~5cm, and described insulation material is rectangle,
And it is provided with the VELCRO that can be connected to each other along its length.
Step 3, in lychee flower sprouting period, apply complex cell mitogen 1~2 time to foliar spray, to root sprinkling antistaling agent
1 time, described antistaling agent includes the component of following parts by weight:5~10 parts of dandelion extract, 3~5 parts of chitin, grape pip
3~7 parts of extract and 70~80 parts of magnetized water;Antistaling agent described in root sprinkling 5~10L to every litchi.
Step 4, carry out flower thinning at the lichee florescence, and to antistaling agent described in root sprinkling once;Root to every litchi
Antistaling agent described in portion sprinkling 10~15L;
Step 5, spray described antistaling agent three times, every minor tick 10~12 days in fruit development period to fruit.The litchi received
The shelf-life of branch can be to 15 days.
Embodiment 2
A kind of implantation methods of the lichee of extended shelf-life, comprise the steps:
Step one, in lichee pluck after, cut diameter be less than 1cm branch, afterwards described branch is pulverized little for granularity
In the branch particle of 20 mesh, by this branch particle with nano biological fertilizer according to mass ratio 1:After 10~20 mix, imbed litchi
The other depth of root is in the hole of 1.5~2m, and described hole is 50~60cm with the horizontal range of litchi, the system of described nano biological fertilizer
As process it is:In parts by weight, take 10~30 parts of wood chip, 6~10 parts of cotton seed hulls, 6~10 parts of corn flour, 5~10 parts of blueberry, black
10~20 parts of matrimony vine, 6~10 parts, 5~10 parts of active carbon nanoparticles and 3~7 parts of Semen sesami nigrum, are placed in anaerobic closed, temperature 37~50
DEG C and humidity 70%~80% condition bottom fermentation 30~50 days, be processed as nano-scale particle afterwards, obtain nano biological fertilizer;To every
Litchi applies nano biological fertilizer described in 50~80g.
Step 2, litchi trunk is carried out band girdle, and spray 95% alcohol, blade spraying lime simultaneously at band girdle
And plant vaccine;
Step A, annual 1~March, insulation material wrapped from interior to interior successively in every litchi outer wrapping one layer of heat preservation material
Include:Mineral wool, activated carbon and rock wool heat-preservation felt, the thickness of described insulation material is 3~5cm, and described insulation material is rectangle,
And it is provided with the VELCRO that can be connected to each other along its length.
Step 3, in lychee flower sprouting period, apply complex cell mitogen 1~2 time to foliar spray, to root sprinkling antistaling agent
1 time, described antistaling agent includes the component of following parts by weight:5~10 parts of dandelion extract, 3~5 parts of chitin, grape pip
3~7 parts of extract and 70~80 parts of magnetized water;Antistaling agent described in root sprinkling 5~10L to every litchi.
Step 4, carry out flower thinning at the lichee florescence, and to antistaling agent described in root sprinkling once;Root to every litchi
Antistaling agent described in portion sprinkling 10~15L;
Step 5, spray described antistaling agent three times, every minor tick 10~12 days in fruit development period to fruit.The litchi received
The shelf-life of branch can be to 12 days.
Embodiment 3
A kind of implantation methods of the lichee of extended shelf-life, comprise the steps:
Step one, in lichee pluck after, cut diameter be less than 1cm branch, afterwards described branch is pulverized little for granularity
In the branch particle of 20 mesh, by this branch particle with nano biological fertilizer according to mass ratio 1:After 10~20 mix, imbed litchi
The other depth of root is in the hole of 1.5~2m, and described hole is 50~60cm with the horizontal range of litchi, the system of described nano biological fertilizer
As process it is:In parts by weight, take 10~30 parts of wood chip, 6~10 parts of cotton seed hulls, 6~10 parts of corn flour, 5~10 parts of blueberry, black
10~20 parts of matrimony vine, 6~10 parts, 5~10 parts of active carbon nanoparticles and 3~7 parts of Semen sesami nigrum, are placed in anaerobic closed, temperature 37~50
DEG C and humidity 70%~80% condition bottom fermentation 30~50 days, be processed as nano-scale particle afterwards, obtain nano biological fertilizer;To every
Litchi applies nano biological fertilizer described in 50~80g.
Step 2, litchi trunk is carried out band girdle, and spray 95% alcohol, blade spraying lime simultaneously at band girdle
And plant vaccine;
Step A, annual 1~March, insulation material wrapped from interior to interior successively in every litchi outer wrapping one layer of heat preservation material
Include:Mineral wool, activated carbon and rock wool heat-preservation felt, the thickness of described insulation material is 3~5cm, and described insulation material is rectangle,
And it is provided with the VELCRO that can be connected to each other along its length.
Step 3, in lychee flower sprouting period, apply complex cell mitogen 1~2 time to foliar spray, to root sprinkling antistaling agent
1 time, described antistaling agent includes the component of following parts by weight:5~10 parts of dandelion extract, 3~5 parts of chitin, grape pip
3~7 parts of extract and 70~80 parts of magnetized water;Antistaling agent described in root sprinkling 5~10L to every litchi.
Step 4, carry out flower thinning at the lichee florescence, and to antistaling agent described in root sprinkling once;Root to every litchi
Antistaling agent described in portion sprinkling 10~15L;
Step 5, spray described antistaling agent three times, every minor tick 10~12 days in fruit development period to fruit.The litchi received
The shelf-life of branch can be to 14 days.
Although embodiment of the present invention is disclosed as above, it is not restricted to listed in specification and embodiment
With, it can be applied to various suitable the field of the invention completely, for those skilled in the art, can be easily
Realize other modification, therefore under the universal being limited without departing substantially from claim and equivalency range, the present invention does not limit
In specific details with shown here as the embodiment with description.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of implantation methods of the lichee of extended shelf-life are it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
Step one, in lichee pluck after, cut diameter be less than 1cm branch, afterwards by described branch pulverize for granularity be less than 20
Purpose branch particle, by this branch particle with nano biological fertilizer according to mass ratio 1:After 10~20 mix, by embedment lichee tree root
Depth is in the hole of 1.5~2m, and the manufacturing process of described nano biological fertilizer is:In parts by weight, 10~30 parts of wood chip, cottonseed are taken
6~10 parts of shell, 6~10 parts of corn flour, 5~10 parts of blueberry, 10~20 parts of lycium ruthenicum, 6~10 parts and 3~7 parts of Semen sesami nigrum, are placed in
Anaerobic closed, 37~50 DEG C of temperature and humidity 70%~80% condition bottom fermentation 30~50 days, are processed as nano-scale particle afterwards,
Obtain nano biological fertilizer;
Step 2, litchi trunk is carried out band girdle, and spray 95% alcohol, blade spraying lime and plant simultaneously at band girdle
Thing vaccine;
Step 3, in lychee flower sprouting period, apply complex cell mitogen 1~2 time to foliar spray, to root sprinkling antistaling agent 1 time,
Described antistaling agent includes the component of following parts by weight:5~10 parts of dandelion extract, 3~5 parts of chitin, grape pip extract
3~7 parts of thing and 70~80 parts of magnetized water;
Step 4, carry out flower thinning at the lichee florescence, and to antistaling agent described in root sprinkling once;With
Step 5, spray described antistaling agent three times, every minor tick 10~12 days in fruit development period to fruit.
2. the implantation methods of the lichee of extended shelf-life as claimed in claim 1 are it is characterised in that in described step one, right
Every litchi applies nano biological fertilizer described in 50~80g.
3. the implantation methods of the lichee of extended shelf-life as claimed in claim 1 are it is characterised in that in described step 3,
Antistaling agent described in root sprinkling 5~10L to every litchi.
4. the implantation methods of the lichee of extended shelf-life as claimed in claim 1 are it is characterised in that in described step 4, to
The antistaling agent described in root sprinkling 10~15L of every litchi.
5. the implantation methods of the lichee of extended shelf-life as claimed in claim 1 are it is characterised in that in described step one, institute
The horizontal range stating hole with litchi is 50~60cm.
6. the implantation methods of the lichee of extended shelf-life as claimed in claim 1 are it is characterised in that after described step 2
And described step 3 between, also include:
Step A, annual 1~March, insulation material included from interior to interior successively in every litchi outer wrapping one layer of heat preservation material:
Mineral wool, activated carbon and rock wool heat-preservation felt, the thickness of described insulation material is 3~5cm, and described insulation material is rectangle, and
It is provided with the VELCRO that can be connected to each other along its length.
7. the lichee of extended shelf-life as claimed in claim 1 implantation methods it is characterised in that described nano biological fertilizer also
Including:5~10 parts of active carbon nanoparticles.
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CN112673878A (en) * | 2021-01-14 | 2021-04-20 | 华南农业大学 | Technical method for alternate fruiting of litchis every other year |
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