CN109020657A - Specialized fertilizer for litchi and its production method - Google Patents

Specialized fertilizer for litchi and its production method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109020657A
CN109020657A CN201811293152.XA CN201811293152A CN109020657A CN 109020657 A CN109020657 A CN 109020657A CN 201811293152 A CN201811293152 A CN 201811293152A CN 109020657 A CN109020657 A CN 109020657A
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fertilizer
litchi
specialized
weight
jin
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莫大潮
莫振国
莫振宏
莫若煌
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/50—Treatments combining two or more different biological or biochemical treatments, e.g. anaerobic and aerobic treatment or vermicomposting and aerobic treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/20—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for preventing the fertilisers being reduced to powder; Anti-dusting additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of Specialized fertilizer for litchi, it includes the raw material of following parts by weight: peanut press pulp 300-500, farmyard manure 100-200, Guava Leaf 30-50, bagasse 30-50, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 12-14, urea 3-5, plant ash 8-10, blackstrap 15 ~ 25, moderate-element 6-8, microelement 1-3, expanding the EM bacterium 5-7 cultivated；Farmyard manure includes people and animals' fecaluria, gasket materials and food-residue, and gasket materials are weeds, fallen leaves, peat and dry ground.Use Specialized fertilizer for litchi of the present invention, it is reasonable that N P and K matches content, and contain trace-element fertilizer, which after application, can reach healthy and strong branch, Accelerate bloom result, soil is improved, promotes the purpose of root system development, prevents the generation of disease, the quality of lichee can be improved simultaneously, and improves the yield of litchi.

Description

Specialized fertilizer for litchi and its production method
Technical field
The invention belongs to Crop fertilizer fields, and in particular to a kind of Specialized fertilizer for litchi and its production method.
Background technique
Lichee (scientific name: Litchi chinensis Sonn.) Sapindaceae, lichee category aiphyllium are about 10 meters high.Fruit Skin has fish-scale shape protrusion, scarlet, purplish red.Maturation is up to cerise；Seed is all wrapped up by meat aril.Spring at florescence, fruit Summer phase.Pulp translucent congealed fat shape when producing fresh, the fragrant beauty of taste, but not storage endurance.
Lichee is distributed in the west and south, south and the southeast of China, and Guangdong and south Fujian cultivation are most contained.The Asia southeast Also there is cultivation, there is the record introduced a fine variety in Africa, America and Oceania.Lichee is known as that " southern part of the country four is big together with banana, pineapple, longan Fruit ".It is lichee tastes sweet, acid, warm-natured, enter the heart, spleen, Liver Channel；Hiccup can be stopped, only diarrhea, be intractable hiccup and diarrhea before dawn person Diet good food, while having cerebrum tonifying body-building, whet the appetite beneficial spleen, there is the effect of promoting appetite.Because of property heat, more foods are easily got angry.Lichee timber Solid, texture is graceful, and corrosion resistant is always first-class name material.
There are many fertilizer type used of lichee plantation at present, and wherein Specialized fertilizer for litchi material mostly uses greatly commercially available NPK compound fertilizer is mainly made of the big element of N, P, K tri-, can meet the growth needs of lichee in a short time.But it is used for a long time Soil aggregate structure can be made to be destroyed, soil hardening, soil property is easily caused to be hardened, so that the growth of lichee is influenced, it is raw to lichee Long facilitation is unobvious.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Specialized fertilizer for litchi, N P and K proportion contains Amount rationally, and contains trace-element fertilizer, which after application, can reach healthy and strong branch, Accelerate bloom as a result, improve soil, The purpose for promoting root system development, prevents the generation of disease, while can improve the quality of lichee, and improves the yield of litchi.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of Specialized fertilizer for litchi of the present invention, it includes the raw material of following parts by weight: peanut press pulp 300-500, farmyard manure 100- 200, Guava Leaf 30-50, bagasse 30-50, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 12-14, urea 3-5, plant ash 8-10, blackstrap 15 ~ 25, Moderate-element 6-8, microelement 1-3, expand the EM bacterium 5-7 cultivated；
Farmyard manure includes people and animals' fecaluria, gasket materials and food-residue, and gasket materials are weeds, fallen leaves, peat and dry ground.
Preferably, the moderate-element is the mixture of calcium magnesium phosphate, peat soil and potassium sulfate；Its weight ratio is 0.8 ﹕, 1 ﹕ 0.3.
Preferably, the microelement is the mixed of ferrous sulfate, copper sulphate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, borax and ammonium molybdate Close object；Its weight ratio is 3 ﹕, 2 ﹕, 1 ﹕, 0.6 ﹕, 0.2 ﹕ 0.1.
Preferably, the EM bacterium for expanding cultivation is expanded to cultivate using fermentation medium and be obtained, and breeding method is as follows, takes EM 10 grams of opportunistic pathogen, configure fermentation medium, the weight proportion of fermented and cultured based raw material are as follows: 4~10 jin of molasses, smelly peanut press pulp water 0.5~1 kilogram, 0.2~0.8 kilogram of Guava Leaf water, 3~5 jin of tomato, 3~5 jin of pumpkin, 3~5 jin of potato, biphosphate 0.5~1 jin of potassium, 20 grams of sodium chloride, 30 grams of urea, 20 grams of lysine, 30 grams of glutamic acid, 0.5~1 kilogram of dregs of beans, starch 0.5~ 1 kilogram, add 30~50 kilograms of water to boil fermentation medium, EM opportunistic pathogen is accessed when being cooled to 35 DEG C, and is allowed to mixing with even, 30 DEG C~38 DEG C under conditions of cultivate, cultivate the time be 5~7 days, be made expand cultivate EM bacterium.
Preferably, the tomato, pumpkin and potato are and obtain after cooked smash to pieces.
Peanut press pulp is a kind of good organic fertilizer, its carbon-nitrogen ratio is small, and decomposition rate is fast after being manured into soil, and is easy to produce Fertilizer efficiency.Fruit tree generally requires nutrient more, and in particular for more potassium, and the phosphorous potassium of peanut press pulp is all relatively abundant, and nutrient is again neat Entirely, nutrient relatively balances, moreover it is possible to meet the needs of fruit tree.So fruit tree applies peanut press pulp and can increase production but also improve the quality of fruit. Peanut press pulp cooperates potassium chloride application, and lichee sugar increases by 0.73%, and vitamin C increases by 1.4%；Orange tree peanut press pulp cooperates potassium chloride, Sugar increases by 1.14%, and vitamin C increases by 5.8%.Peanut press pulp is the good organic fertilizer that soil raises fruit trees, but cannot be direct Be manured into soil, be directly manured into soil will cause high temperature to crops cause burn root burn seedlings, usually by nature it is decomposed after can just apply Enter, naturally decomposed speed is slow, and fertilizer efficiency, which is easy to be lost, breeds bacterium, stinks to high heaven after peanut press pulp fermentation, has and how smelly apply used people Be known that, fertilising when, feels bad very much, to sum up, peanut press pulp it is traditional natural packing it is decomposed, not only expend the time and compare Long, stink is bigger, and germ worm's ovum easy to breed, not only fertilizer efficiency cannot get reasonable utilization, and stench is unpleasant, influences surrounding Neighbours.
The smelly peanut press pulp water is to add 5-10 times of clear water in open container by weight after crushing peanut press pulp It is placed 7-15 days in (including plastic bottle, vial, ceramic pot), it is naturally smelly to it, it obtains.
The EM opportunistic pathogen is bought from Henan Province's agriculture Citroen zx biotechnology company, address: JinShui, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province area The prosperous garden finance market Ginza 2609 in Jing San Road, Corporation web site: http: // 1016351218.etlong.com/;
The blackstrap is the molasses after crystallizing during producing white sugar with sugarcane or beet, also known as tangerine water, contains useless sugar Honey, glucose, fructose and microelement can play complexing to microelement, increase crop and absorb microelement.
Past sugar refinery is usually that be added here gives EM bacterium as culture medium using blackstrap as the raw material of fermentation alcohol Glycogen so that EM bacterium, which cultivates the time, shortens 2 days or more.And have a pair of of lone pair electrons on the glycosidic bond of molasses (few disaccharides), Transition metal ions (M=Cu simultaneously2+、Zn2+、Mn2+、Fe2+、Ca2+Equal elements) there is suitable unoccupied orbital, in suitable temperature environment Under can be formed " coordination effect " with sucrose, after chemical reaction is complexed to form complex state metal, is absorbed and utilized conducive to animal body.Its It is as follows to form molecular structural formula:
Among the above, M=Cu2+、Zn2+、Mn2+、Fe2+、Ca2+。
Because of sucrose, fructose and glucose and microelement (Cu2+、Zn2+、Mn2+、Fe2+、Ca2+Equal elements) complex compound Reaction is complicated, and product is different from general amino-acid chelate, belongs to macromolecular structure, the molecular weight not determined more.
The Guava Leaf water be stir-fry Guava Leaf add 10-20 times of weight water to boil after small fire carry out infusion 0.5-1 The liquid that hour is obtained by filtration；Slag can be used as Fertilizer application.
The Guava Leaf is the leaf of myrtle guava Psidium guajava Linn..Guangxi, There are wild distribution or cultivation in the ground such as Guangdong, Fujian, Taiwan, Sichuan and Yunnan.With the effect of drying damp and strengthening spleen, clearing heat and detoxicating. It is usually used in diarrhea dysentery abdominal pain, dyspeptic abdominal distention, gingivitis, rheumatic arthralgia, eczema ulcer on the shank, furuncle swelling toxin, treating swelling and pain by traumatic injury, wound goes out Blood, snakebite and bugbite.
Guava Leaf also functions to the effect of deodorization herein, and by testing for many years, finder's the present inventor once suffers from diarrhea, When many Western medicine all only incessantly rush down, as long as Guava Leaf is stir-fried with pot, then endures water and drink, so that it may antidiarrheal, this hair Bright people is put into the water of Guava Leaf with Escherichia coli and golden yellow glucose fungus, it is found that it cannot survive, fertilizer of the invention adds Enter animal wastes and peanut press pulp be smelly, inherently very smelly, simple EM cannot completely remove stink, but if EM base Guava Leaf is added on plinth, fertilizer is just destitute of smell, and is exactly efficacious in this way by repeatedly practicing.
The starch is cornstarch, starch from sweet potato or potato starch.
The production method of Specialized fertilizer for litchi the following steps are included:
(1) after crushing Guava Leaf, peanut press pulp, farmyard manure, bagasse, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea, grass are added in parts by weight Wood ash, blackstrap, moderate-element and microelement are uniformly mixed by total weight than 3 ~ 5 times of pure water are added；
(2) inoculation of mixed material obtained by step (1) is expanded the EM bacterium cultivated to stir evenly, is placed in closed container at normal temperature Anaerobic fermentation is carried out, fermentation time is 3~5 days, until the pH value of the product reaches 3 ~ 5 termination fermentations；
(3) it by after resulting product uniform mixing after above-mentioned steps (2) fermentation, is transported to granulating disc and is granulated, fertilizer It after having made grain, is delivered in dryer and dries, after fertilizer drying, be delivered in cooler, it is 30 minutes cooling；
(4) it after fertilizer is cooling, is delivered in coating machine, wraps one layer of anti-compaction film in fertiliser granulates surface, then be delivered to screening Machine screening, then be delivered to automatic packaging machine and dispensed, after the assay was approved up to Specialized fertilizer for litchi.
The application method of the application Specialized fertilizer for litchi:
Nursery stage-transplanting (field planting) phase: it is watered 500-800 times and dilutes backlash and apply seedbed or pouring root, mu dosage 3kg-5kg is continuous Using 2 times, it is spaced 7-15 days.
When growth period-transplanting (field planting) to before blooming, it is watered 500-800 times and dilutes backlash and apply or pouring root, mu dosage 5kg- 10Kg is used continuously 2-3 times, is spaced 7-15 days.
Flowering fruit bearing stage: being watered 500-800 times and dilute backlash and apply or pouring root, and mu dosage 10kg-20kg is used continuously 2-3 times, Every 7-15 days.Or it mixes with the 2/3 of inorganic fertilizer normal usage and is applied or trickle irrigation with water punching.It also can be according to local soil regime and kind Plant structure appropriate adjustment usage amount.
The application first tames EM bacterium with smelly peanut press pulp water, adapts to it gradually, has so as to obtain The bacterial strain of higher tolerance and mobility.
EM bacterium (Effective Microorganisms) it is by about 80 kinds of microorganism groups at EM bacterium is big by Japanese Ryukyu Ratio is good to be studied successfully professor's nineteen eighty-two according to husband, is put goods on the market the eighties.EM bacterium is with photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, yeast 10 based on bacterium and actinomyces belong to a kind of micro- life bacteria preparation that more than 80 microorganisms are combined.The mechanism of action is to be formed The competition of EM bacterium and pathogenic microorganism contention nutrition, since em bacterium easily lives and reproduces in the soil, so can comparatively fast stablize Ground occupies the ecologic niche in soil, forms the advantage group of beneficial microbial bacteria, to control the breeding of pathogenic microorganism With the invasion to crop.It is the developing direction of the ecological agriculture, is more advantageous to the sustainable development of agricultural.The nineties at the end of the eighties Just, EM bacterium is widely used in agricultural, cultivation, kind by states such as Japan, Thailand, Brazil, the U.S., Indonesia, Sri Lanka The fields such as plant, environmental protection achieve apparent economic benefit and ecological benefits.
The application can be to avoid the loss of peanut press pulp nutrient, and by microorganism decomposition using the fermentation of EM bacterium, can be Being difficult to the substance decomposition absorbed is the nutrient for being easy to be absorbed by crops, improves the fertilizer efficiency of peanut press pulp organic fertilizer.Microbial bacteria CO can will be broken down into without some harmful organic substances such as benzene, long chain hydrocarbon, formaldehyde etc.2And H20；It will be nitrogenous Organic matter ammonification be Nspan, Nspan can be oxidized to NO by nitrite bacteria2-, further it is oxidized to by nitrobacteria N03 -；The odorant of sulfur-bearing releases H through microorganism decomposition2S is oxidized into sulfate etc. by sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, makes pollutant It is removed, removes stink.
Bagasse of the present invention is cane sugar factory by the leftover bits and pieces after cane milling syrup, in addition to being used as papermaking It is exactly the raw material as boiler combustion outside raw material, but it also contains part sugar, starch and vitamin and abundant organic Matter is a kind of waste as fuel, and vitamin, starch and organic matter abundant therein are a kind of good as fertilizer Comprehensive utilization.
The invention has the advantages that
1, there are many current lichee plantation fertilizer type used, and wherein Specialized fertilizer for litchi material mostly uses greatly commercially available NPK compound fertilizer is mainly made of the big element of N, P, K tri-, can meet the growth needs of lichee in a short time.But it is used for a long time Soil aggregate structure can be made to be destroyed, soil hardening, soil property is easily caused to be hardened, so that the growth of lichee is influenced, it is raw to lichee Long facilitation is unobvious, and using Specialized fertilizer for litchi of the present invention, it is reasonable that N P and K matches content, and contains trace-element fertilizer, The fertilizer after application, can reach healthy and strong branch, and Accelerate bloom promotes the purpose of root system development as a result, improvement soil, while can mention The quality of high lichee, and improve the yield of litchi；
2, Specialized fertilizer for litchi of the present invention, containing secondary and micro-element fertilizers, the physiology machine of lichee is can be improved in secondary and micro-element fertilizers Can, be conducive to crop and a great number of elements is absorbed and utilized, can also improve the colloid chemistry property of cellular plasm, to make primary The concentration of matter increases, resistance of the enhancing crop to poor environment.
3, Specialized fertilizer for litchi of the present invention, it is during the fermentation that peanut press pulp is thoroughly decomposed, wherein extra heat is released, It is not in secondary fermentation after fertilising, thus the case where thoroughly preventing rotten, burn seedlings；
4, Specialized fertilizer for litchi of the present invention, manufacturing process is simple, low in cost, can effectively improve soil and nutritional supplementation, right Than the traditional method of previous a large amount of application peanut press pulps, the method greatly reduces the cost of application；
5, Specialized fertilizer for litchi of the invention can effectively improve soil quality after fertilising, which can be obviously improved after The soil hardening as caused by inorganic fertilizer a large amount of uses plays chesson, thickeies arable layer, and playing improves field ventilation and penetrating light The effect of condition；
6, Specialized fertilizer for litchi of the present invention makes the peanut press pulp of retting not only not smelly, and there are also light sweet wine fragrance, while can also be significant Improve yield and fruit quality in ground；
7, Specialized fertilizer for litchi of the present invention can be developed with Optimal Growing: after application, can be harvested within 8 ~ 10 days in advance, the growth of crops It is better than applying inorganic fertilizer merely to develop, while improving environmental nonpollution, eliminates the side effect of chemical fertilizer bring, improves environment, training Fertile soil；
8, Specialized fertilizer for litchi of the present invention, effect of increasing production is obvious, mostly experiments have shown that, uses Specialized fertilizer for litchi of the invention, lichee Per mu yield improves significantly, and obviously improves soil, and relatively conventional inorganic fertilizer effect of increasing production is obvious；
9, Guava Leaf, EM bacterium play the stink for eliminating peanut press pulp and excrement in fertilizer, so that fertilizer is rich in nutritious, do not send out also Smelly, in addition effect of the blackstrap to microelement, entire fertilizer formula ecology is organic, is suitble to the growth of crops.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of Specialized fertilizer for litchi, it includes the raw material of following parts by weight: peanut press pulp 300, farmyard manure 100, Guava Leaf 30, sweet Bagasse 30, urea 3, plant ash 8, blackstrap 15, moderate-element 6, microelement 1, expands the EM bacterium cultivated at potassium dihydrogen phosphate 12 5；
Farmyard manure includes people and animals' fecaluria, gasket materials and food-residue, and gasket materials are weeds, fallen leaves, peat and dry ground.
Moderate-element is the mixture of calcium magnesium phosphate, peat soil and potassium sulfate；Its weight ratio is 0.8 ﹕, 1 ﹕ 0.3.
Microelement is the mixture of ferrous sulfate, copper sulphate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, borax and ammonium molybdate；Its weight ratio Example is 3 ﹕, 2 ﹕, 1 ﹕, 0.6 ﹕, 0.2 ﹕ 0.1.
Expand the EM bacterium cultivated to obtain using fermentation medium expansion cultivation, breeding method is as follows, takes 10 grams of EM opportunistic pathogen, matches Set fermentation medium, the weight proportion of fermented and cultured based raw material are as follows: 4~10 jin of molasses, 0.5~1 kilogram of smelly peanut press pulp water, kind 0.2~0.8 kilogram of pomegranate leaf water, 3~5 jin of tomato, 3~5 jin of pumpkin, 3~5 jin of potato, 0.5~1 jin of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, chlorine Change 20 grams of sodium, 30 grams of urea, 20 grams of lysine, 30 grams of glutamic acid, 0.5~1 kilogram of dregs of beans, 0.5~1 kilogram of starch, adds water 30 ~50 kilograms are boiled fermentation medium, and EM opportunistic pathogen is accessed when being cooled to 35 DEG C, and are allowed to mixing with even, in 30 DEG C~38 DEG C of item It is cultivated under part, cultivating the time is 5~7 days, and the EM bacterium for expanding and cultivating is made.
Tomato, pumpkin and potato are to obtain after cooked smash to pieces.
Smelly peanut press pulp water be will peanut press pulp crush after by weight plus 5-10 times clear water open container (including mould Expect bottle, vial, ceramic pot) middle placement 7-15 days, it is naturally smelly to it, it obtains.
EM opportunistic pathogen is bought from Henan Province's agriculture Citroen zx biotechnology company, address: JinShui, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province area Jing San Road Prosperous garden finance market Ginza 2609, Corporation web site: http: // 1016351218.etlong.com/；
Blackstrap is the molasses after crystallizing during producing white sugar with sugarcane or beet.
Guava Leaf water be stir-fry Guava Leaf add 10-20 times of weight water to boil after small fire carry out infusion 0.5-1 hours The liquid being obtained by filtration.
Starch is cornstarch, starch from sweet potato or potato starch.
The production method of Specialized fertilizer for litchi the following steps are included:
(1) after crushing Guava Leaf, peanut press pulp, farmyard manure, bagasse, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea, grass are added in parts by weight Wood ash, blackstrap, moderate-element and microelement are uniformly mixed by total weight than 3 ~ 5 times of pure water are added；
(2) inoculation of mixed material obtained by step (1) is expanded the EM bacterium cultivated to stir evenly, is placed in closed container at normal temperature Anaerobic fermentation is carried out, fermentation time is 3~5 days, until the pH value of the product reaches 3 ~ 5 termination fermentations；
(3) it by after resulting product uniform mixing after above-mentioned steps (2) fermentation, is transported to granulating disc and is granulated, fertilizer It after having made grain, is delivered in dryer and dries, after fertilizer drying, be delivered in cooler, it is 30 minutes cooling；
(4) it after fertilizer is cooling, is delivered in coating machine, wraps one layer of anti-compaction film in fertiliser granulates surface, then be delivered to screening Machine screening, then be delivered to automatic packaging machine and dispensed, after the assay was approved up to Specialized fertilizer for litchi.
Embodiment 2
A kind of Specialized fertilizer for litchi, it includes the raw material of following parts by weight: peanut press pulp 400, farmyard manure 150, Guava Leaf 40, sweet Bagasse 40, urea 4, plant ash 9, blackstrap 20, moderate-element 7, microelement 2, expands the EM bacterium cultivated at potassium dihydrogen phosphate 13 6；
Farmyard manure includes people and animals' fecaluria, gasket materials and food-residue, and gasket materials are weeds, fallen leaves, peat and dry ground.
Moderate-element is the mixture of calcium magnesium phosphate, peat soil and potassium sulfate；Its weight ratio is 0.8 ﹕, 1 ﹕ 0.3.
Microelement is the mixture of ferrous sulfate, copper sulphate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, borax and ammonium molybdate；Its weight ratio Example is 3 ﹕, 2 ﹕, 1 ﹕, 0.6 ﹕, 0.2 ﹕ 0.1.
Expand the EM bacterium cultivated to obtain using fermentation medium expansion cultivation, breeding method is as follows, takes 10 grams of EM opportunistic pathogen, matches Set fermentation medium, the weight proportion of fermented and cultured based raw material are as follows: 4~10 jin of molasses, 0.5~1 kilogram of smelly peanut press pulp water, kind 0.2~0.8 kilogram of pomegranate leaf water, 3~5 jin of tomato, 3~5 jin of pumpkin, 3~5 jin of potato, 0.5~1 jin of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, chlorine Change 20 grams of sodium, 30 grams of urea, 20 grams of lysine, 30 grams of glutamic acid, 0.5~1 kilogram of dregs of beans, 0.5~1 kilogram of starch, adds water 30 ~50 kilograms are boiled fermentation medium, and EM opportunistic pathogen is accessed when being cooled to 35 DEG C, and are allowed to mixing with even, in 30 DEG C~38 DEG C of item It is cultivated under part, cultivating the time is 5~7 days, and the EM bacterium for expanding and cultivating is made.
Tomato, pumpkin and potato are to obtain after cooked smash to pieces.
Smelly peanut press pulp water be will peanut press pulp crush after by weight plus 5-10 times clear water open container (including mould Expect bottle, vial, ceramic pot) middle placement 7-15 days, it is naturally smelly to it, it obtains.
EM opportunistic pathogen is bought from Henan Province's agriculture Citroen zx biotechnology company, address: JinShui, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province area Jing San Road Prosperous garden finance market Ginza 2609, Corporation web site: http: // 1016351218.etlong.com/；
Blackstrap is the molasses after crystallizing during producing white sugar with sugarcane or beet.
Guava Leaf water be stir-fry Guava Leaf add 10-20 times of weight water to boil after small fire carry out infusion 0.5-1 hours The liquid being obtained by filtration.
Starch is cornstarch, starch from sweet potato or potato starch.
The production method of Specialized fertilizer for litchi the following steps are included:
(1) after crushing Guava Leaf, peanut press pulp, farmyard manure, bagasse, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea, grass are added in parts by weight Wood ash, blackstrap, moderate-element and microelement are uniformly mixed by total weight than 3 ~ 5 times of pure water are added；
(2) inoculation of mixed material obtained by step (1) is expanded the EM bacterium cultivated to stir evenly, is placed in closed container at normal temperature Anaerobic fermentation is carried out, fermentation time is 3~5 days, until the pH value of the product reaches 3 ~ 5 termination fermentations；
(3) it by after resulting product uniform mixing after above-mentioned steps (2) fermentation, is transported to granulating disc and is granulated, fertilizer It after having made grain, is delivered in dryer and dries, after fertilizer drying, be delivered in cooler, it is 30 minutes cooling；
(4) it after fertilizer is cooling, is delivered in coating machine, wraps one layer of anti-compaction film in fertiliser granulates surface, then be delivered to screening Machine screening, then be delivered to automatic packaging machine and dispensed, after the assay was approved up to Specialized fertilizer for litchi.
Embodiment 3
A kind of Specialized fertilizer for litchi, it includes the raw material of following parts by weight: peanut press pulp 500, farmyard manure 200, Guava Leaf 50, sweet Bagasse 50, urea 5, plant ash 10, blackstrap 25, moderate-element 8, microelement 3, expands the EM cultivated at potassium dihydrogen phosphate 14 Bacterium 7；
Farmyard manure includes people and animals' fecaluria, gasket materials and food-residue, and gasket materials are weeds, fallen leaves, peat and dry ground.
Moderate-element is the mixture of calcium magnesium phosphate, peat soil and potassium sulfate；Its weight ratio is 0.8 ﹕, 1 ﹕ 0.3.
Microelement is the mixture of ferrous sulfate, copper sulphate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, borax and ammonium molybdate；Its weight ratio Example is 3 ﹕, 2 ﹕, 1 ﹕, 0.6 ﹕, 0.2 ﹕ 0.1.
Expand the EM bacterium cultivated to obtain using fermentation medium expansion cultivation, breeding method is as follows, takes 10 grams of EM opportunistic pathogen, matches Set fermentation medium, the weight proportion of fermented and cultured based raw material are as follows: 4~10 jin of molasses, 0.5~1 kilogram of smelly peanut press pulp water, kind 0.2~0.8 kilogram of pomegranate leaf water, 3~5 jin of tomato, 3~5 jin of pumpkin, 3~5 jin of potato, 0.5~1 jin of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, chlorine Change 20 grams of sodium, 30 grams of urea, 20 grams of lysine, 30 grams of glutamic acid, 0.5~1 kilogram of dregs of beans, 0.5~1 kilogram of starch, adds water 30 ~50 kilograms are boiled fermentation medium, and EM opportunistic pathogen is accessed when being cooled to 35 DEG C, and are allowed to mixing with even, in 30 DEG C~38 DEG C of item It is cultivated under part, cultivating the time is 5~7 days, and the EM bacterium for expanding and cultivating is made.
Tomato, pumpkin and potato are to obtain after cooked smash to pieces.
Smelly peanut press pulp water be will peanut press pulp crush after by weight plus 5-10 times clear water open container (including mould Expect bottle, vial, ceramic pot) middle placement 7-15 days, it is naturally smelly to it, it obtains.
EM opportunistic pathogen is bought from Henan Province's agriculture Citroen zx biotechnology company, address: JinShui, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province area Jing San Road Prosperous garden finance market Ginza 2609, Corporation web site: http: // 1016351218.etlong.com/；
Blackstrap is the molasses after crystallizing during producing white sugar with sugarcane or beet.
Guava Leaf water be stir-fry Guava Leaf add 10-20 times of weight water to boil after small fire carry out infusion 0.5-1 hours The liquid being obtained by filtration.
Starch is cornstarch, starch from sweet potato or potato starch.
The production method of Specialized fertilizer for litchi the following steps are included:
(1) after crushing Guava Leaf, peanut press pulp, farmyard manure, bagasse, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea, grass are added in parts by weight Wood ash, blackstrap, moderate-element and microelement are uniformly mixed by total weight than 3 ~ 5 times of pure water are added；
(2) inoculation of mixed material obtained by step (1) is expanded the EM bacterium cultivated to stir evenly, is placed in closed container at normal temperature Anaerobic fermentation is carried out, fermentation time is 3~5 days, until the pH value of the product reaches 3 ~ 5 termination fermentations；
(3) it by after resulting product uniform mixing after above-mentioned steps (2) fermentation, is transported to granulating disc and is granulated, fertilizer It after having made grain, is delivered in dryer and dries, after fertilizer drying, be delivered in cooler, it is 30 minutes cooling；
(4) it after fertilizer is cooling, is delivered in coating machine, wraps one layer of anti-compaction film in fertiliser granulates surface, then be delivered to screening Machine screening, then be delivered to automatic packaging machine and dispensed, after the assay was approved up to Specialized fertilizer for litchi.
Application Example
It tests and was carried out in -2015 years 2010 in Guangxi fiber crops field lichee forest land.
Fertilizing method:
Nursery stage-transplanting (field planting) phase: it is watered 500-800 times and dilutes backlash and apply seedbed or pouring root, mu dosage 3kg-5kg is continuous Using 2 times, it is spaced 7-15 days.
When growth period-transplanting (field planting) to before blooming, it is watered 500-800 times and dilutes backlash and apply or pouring root, mu dosage 5kg- 10Kg is used continuously 2-3 times, is spaced 7-15 days.
Flowering fruit bearing stage: being watered 500-800 times and dilute backlash and apply or pouring root, and mu dosage 10kg-20kg is used continuously 2-3 times, Every 7-15 days.Or it mixes with the 2/3 of inorganic fertilizer normal usage and is applied or trickle irrigation with water punching.It also can be according to local soil regime and kind Plant structure appropriate adjustment usage amount.Fertilizer efficiency correlation data is as follows:
1 contrast test of fertilizer efficiency of table
Strain number Yield (application 1 gained Specialized fertilizer for litchi of embodiment) Yield (application 2 gained Specialized fertilizer for litchi of embodiment) Yield (application 3 gained Specialized fertilizer for litchi of embodiment) Yield (application market common fertilizer) Yield (is not applied fertilizer)
Glutinous rice wrapped in lotus leaves 100 1082kg 1225 kg 1153 kg 913kg 769 kg
Huaihe River branch 100 1580kg 1620 kg 1550 kg 1413kg 1225 kg
Cv. Feizixiao 100 834 kg 863 kg 842 kg 729 kg 562 kg
Bai Ye 100 922 kg 945 kg 931 kg 812 kg 633 kg
Osmanthus taste 100 3637 kg 3816 kg 3688 kg 3246 kg 2506 kg
Apply the production gained Specialized fertilizer for litchi of the embodiment of the present application 1, the rate of growth of glutinous rice wrapped in lotus leaves, Huaihe River branch, cv. Feizixiao, Bai Ye, osmanthus taste Respectively 40.7%, 29.0%, 48.4%, 45.7%, 45.1%, the application production gained Specialized fertilizer for litchi of the embodiment of the present application 2, Glutinous rice wrapped in lotus leaves, Huaihe River branch, cv. Feizixiao, Bai Ye, osmanthus taste rate of growth be respectively 59.3%, 32.2%, 53.6%, 49.3%, 52.3%, Apply the production gained Specialized fertilizer for litchi of the embodiment of the present application 3, the rate of growth difference of glutinous rice wrapped in lotus leaves, Huaihe River branch, cv. Feizixiao, Bai Ye, osmanthus taste It is 49.9%, 26.5%, 49.8%, 47.1%, 47.2%, and uses market common fertilizer, it is glutinous rice wrapped in lotus leaves, Huaihe River branch, cv. Feizixiao, white Leaf, osmanthus taste rate of growth be respectively as follows: 18.7%, 15.3%, 29.7%, 28.3%, 29.5%；
As it can be seen that application the application produces gained Specialized fertilizer for litchi, have to glutinous rice wrapped in lotus leaves, Huaihe River branch, cv. Feizixiao, Bai Ye, osmanthus taste extremely significant Effect of increasing production, reach extremely significant level.
It mostly is tested by many years and is verified repeatedly, Specialized fertilizer for litchi of the invention increases production obviously, not only such as various crop This, inventor inspects test field soil sample by random samples, and discovery used the plot loosing soil of Specialized fertilizer for litchi of the invention, has Machine matter obviously increases, and N P and K also increases considerably, and the fertility in soil has obtained biggish promotion, and pest and disease damage occurs lighter；Make Object root system is sturdy, Bai Gen, fibrous root are more, is conducive to crop and absorbs nutritional ingredient, meanwhile, control group crop nutritional deficiency phenomenon is obvious, Need to add foliar fertilizer, and using Specialized fertilizer for litchi of the invention then without nutritional deficiency symptom, leaf color is black green, and photosynthesis is strong, favorably It is converted in nutrient growth to reproductive growth.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of Specialized fertilizer for litchi, it is characterised in that: it includes the raw material of following parts by weight: peanut press pulp 300-500, farmyard manure 100-200, Guava Leaf 30-50, bagasse 30-50, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 12-14, urea 3-5, plant ash 8-10, blackstrap 15 ~ 25, moderate-element 6-8, microelement 1-3, the EM bacterium 5-7 for expanding cultivation；
Farmyard manure includes people and animals' fecaluria, gasket materials and food-residue, and gasket materials are weeds, fallen leaves, peat and dry ground.
2. Specialized fertilizer for litchi according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the moderate-element is calcium magnesium phosphate, peat soil With the mixture of potassium sulfate；Its weight ratio is 0.8 ﹕, 1 ﹕ 0.3.
3. Specialized fertilizer for litchi according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the microelement be ferrous sulfate, copper sulphate, Zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, borax and ammonium molybdate mixture；Its weight ratio is 3 ﹕, 2 ﹕, 1 ﹕, 0.6 ﹕, 0.2 ﹕ 0.1.
4. Specialized fertilizer for litchi according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described to expand the EM bacterium cultivated using fermentation medium Expand to cultivate and obtain, breeding method is as follows, takes 10 grams of EM opportunistic pathogen, configures fermentation medium, and the weight of fermented and cultured based raw material is matched Than are as follows: 4~10 jin of molasses, 0.5~1 kilogram of smelly peanut press pulp water, 0.2~0.8 kilogram of Guava Leaf water, 3~5 jin of tomato, south 3~5 jin of melon, 3~5 jin of potato, 0.5~1 jin of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 20 grams of sodium chloride, 30 grams of urea, 20 grams of lysine, paddy ammonia 30 grams of acid, 0.5~1 kilogram of starch, adds 30~50 kilograms of water to boil fermentation medium, is cooled to 35 DEG C by 0.5~1 kilogram of dregs of beans When access EM opportunistic pathogen, and be allowed to mixing with even, cultivated under conditions of 30 DEG C~38 DEG C, cultivating the time is 5~7 days, is made and expands The EM bacterium cultivated greatly.
5. Specialized fertilizer for litchi according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the tomato, pumpkin and potato are cooked smash It is obtained after broken.
6. Specialized fertilizer for litchi according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the Guava Leaf water is that the Guava Leaf that stir-fries adds 10-20 times of weight water boils later small fire and carries out the infusion 0.5-1 hours liquid being obtained by filtration.
7. Specialized fertilizer for litchi according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the production method of the Specialized fertilizer for litchi include with Lower step:
(1) after crushing Guava Leaf, peanut press pulp, farmyard manure, bagasse, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea, grass are added in parts by weight Wood ash, blackstrap, moderate-element and microelement are uniformly mixed by total weight than 3 ~ 5 times of pure water are added；
(2) inoculation of mixed material obtained by step (1) is expanded the EM bacterium cultivated to stir evenly, is placed in closed container at normal temperature Anaerobic fermentation is carried out, fermentation time is 3~5 days, until the pH value of the product reaches 3 ~ 5 termination fermentations；
(3) it by after resulting product uniform mixing after above-mentioned steps (2) fermentation, is transported to granulating disc and is granulated, fertilizer It after having made grain, is delivered in dryer and dries, after fertilizer drying, be delivered in cooler, it is 30 minutes cooling；
(4) it after fertilizer is cooling, is delivered in coating machine, wraps one layer of anti-compaction film in fertiliser granulates surface, then be delivered to screening Machine screening, then be delivered to automatic packaging machine and dispensed, after the assay was approved up to Specialized fertilizer for litchi.
CN201811293152.XA 2018-11-01 2018-11-01 Specialized fertilizer for litchi and its production method Pending CN109020657A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115039626A (en) * 2022-07-11 2022-09-13 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 Simple litchi planting method implemented twice a year

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CN104744131A (en) * 2015-03-03 2015-07-01 中国烟草总公司广东省公司 Bioactive organic fertilizer special for litchi and application of bioactive organic fertilizer
CN105218232A (en) * 2015-09-28 2016-01-06 广西洪喜肥业有限公司 A kind of longan and Specialized fertilizer for litchi and production method thereof
CN107954759A (en) * 2017-12-06 2018-04-24 广西武宣金泰丰农业科技发展有限公司 A kind of method that biological organic fertilizer is made using methane slag
CN108658667A (en) * 2018-06-26 2018-10-16 杨芳 Ferment liquid fertilizer and its production method

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WO2000044222A2 (en) * 1999-01-29 2000-08-03 Laboratorio De Investigaciones Y Diagnosticos Agropecuarios, S.A. De C.V. Biological control of soil-borne fungal pathogens
CN104086329A (en) * 2014-06-10 2014-10-08 铜陵市银树生态养殖有限责任公司 An economical environmental-friendly composite fertilizer containing active sludge and a preparing method thereof
CN104744131A (en) * 2015-03-03 2015-07-01 中国烟草总公司广东省公司 Bioactive organic fertilizer special for litchi and application of bioactive organic fertilizer
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115039626A (en) * 2022-07-11 2022-09-13 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 Simple litchi planting method implemented twice a year
CN115039626B (en) * 2022-07-11 2024-02-09 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 Simple litchi planting method capable of achieving two-year application

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