CN105167320A - 具有轻重量鞋底部件的鞋制品 - Google Patents

具有轻重量鞋底部件的鞋制品 Download PDF

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CN105167320A
CN105167320A CN201510515071.XA CN201510515071A CN105167320A CN 105167320 A CN105167320 A CN 105167320A CN 201510515071 A CN201510515071 A CN 201510515071A CN 105167320 A CN105167320 A CN 105167320A
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footwear
footwear sole
foamed material
less
density
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CN105167320B (zh
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于穗洁
丹尼斯.席勒
丹尼尔.德斯佩恩
戴维.P.琼斯
埃里克.P.阿瓦
凯文.W.霍弗
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Nike International Ltd
Nike Innovation LP
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/14—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form
    • A43B13/18—Resilient soles
    • A43B13/187—Resiliency achieved by the features of the material, e.g. foam, non liquid materials
    • A43B13/188—Differential cushioning regions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/02—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the material
    • A43B13/04—Plastics, rubber or vulcanised fibre
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/02—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the material
    • A43B13/12—Soles with several layers of different materials
    • A43B13/125—Soles with several layers of different materials characterised by the midsole or middle layer
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/14—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the constructive form
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    • A43B13/186—Differential cushioning region, e.g. cushioning located under the ball of the foot
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    • A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
    • A43B7/14—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts
    • A43B7/1405—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form
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Abstract

一种鞋制品(10)，包括鞋帮(12)和紧固到鞋帮的鞋底部件(14)。该鞋底部件包括具有下部地面结合表面、上部表面(27)和形成于该上部表面的凹部(28)中的第一部分(26)。该第一部分的上部表面和该鞋帮相接触。第二部分(36)位于第一部分的凹部内，并具有上部表面(42)，该第二部分的该上部表面和鞋帮相接触。该第二部分包括密度小于0.25g/cm3的泡沫材料。

Description

具有轻重量鞋底部件的鞋制品
本申请是国际申请日2007年05月24日、中国专利申请号201210030641.2的发明申请的分案申请。
背景技术
通常的运动鞋包括两个主要部件，上部和鞋底部件。该上部给脚提供遮盖物，将脚牢固地容纳并安置于鞋底部件。另外，该上部可具有保护脚的结构并且通风装置，从而冷却脚并且排汗。该鞋底部件保护该上部的较低部分并且通常位于脚和地面之间。除了要消弱地面的反作用力(例如，给予缓冲)，鞋底部件可提供摩擦力控制脚运动，例如，采用内旋(pronation)。因此，该上部和该鞋底部件共同作用提供适于多种动态运动的舒适结构，例如走路和跑步。
运动鞋的鞋底部件通常表现为分层结构，可包括：提高舒适度的内底，聚合体泡沫材料形成的有弹性的中底以及具有抗磨损性和摩擦力的与地面接触的外底。中底是主要的鞋底部件元件，其给予缓冲并控制脚的运动。适于中底的聚合体泡沫材料包括乙基醋酸乙烯酯或聚亚安酯，其在施加负荷下弹性压缩以消弱由跑和跳碰撞产生的地面的反作用力。
普通聚合体泡沫材料是弹性可压缩的，部分地，由于其内包含许多开或闭的小泡限定的内部体积，该体积充分地被气体置换。聚合体泡沫材料的中底可吸收动态运动中压缩产生的能量。泡沫材料压缩受到滞后损失(hysteresisloss)的影响，并且该系统偏差受到中底压缩块的体积的影响。
多种类型材料可用于制备中底。它们包括乙基醋酸乙烯酯(EVA),包括EVA的材料，例如Phylon和Phylite，聚氨酯和包括聚氨酯的材料。
乙基醋酸乙烯酯(EVA)柔软，轻并且有柔韧性。它是最不贵的中底材料并且经常用于入门水平的鞋。中底是由EVA泡沫材料平板切割成形的。当泡沫材料中留存在的空气每次挤出时EVA被压缩并变成平的。当EVA压实后，它不能回到初始形状并不再提供缓冲。EVA比其它中底材料压缩快。
Phylon由EVA泡沫材料小球，厚片，或薄片在模具中压缩、膨胀再冷却制成。压缩成型Phylon中底能通过刻出良好的折皱形成多种花纹。Phylon重量非常轻、薄、并且易反应。
Phylite是60％Phylon和40％橡胶注塑聚合而成。Phylite比橡胶轻，但比Phylon重，同时具有中底和外底的功能。通过消除中底和外底的分离，鞋的重量显著的减少，并且柔韧性增加。
聚亚安酯是密度大，耐用并且稳定的中底材料。通常的，聚亚安酯浇铸到模型中形成坚固的中底，其可以最大地提供对于碰撞的保护。聚亚安酯具有平滑地橡胶感觉并且随着时间变黄。聚亚安酯是最重的中底材料，但是也是最耐用的。
最理想的是提供一种鞋缓冲系统来减少或克服一些或者全部已知设备中的固有困难。具体目标和优点对于具有本技术领域知识和经验的本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的，并在以下公开的发明和具体实施例中详细描述。
发明内容
本发明提供一种具有轻重量鞋底部件的鞋制品。具有该轻重量鞋底部件的鞋明显比其它鞋轻，例如，给跑步运动员和篮球运动员带来好处。
根据第一方面，泡沫材料由大约10到大约100份(phr)氢化或者非氢化丙烯腈丁二烯共聚物(hydrogenatedornon-hydrogenatedacrylonitrilebutadienecopolymer)、0到大约40份(phr)改性氢化丙烯腈丁二烯共聚物(modifiedhydrogenatedacrylonitrilebutadienecopolymer)和0到大约90份(phr)α-烯烃共聚物(alphaolefincopolymer)的反应产物制备。
根据另一方面，泡沫材料用来制备鞋制品。该鞋制品具有鞋帮；紧固于该鞋帮的鞋底部件，并且该鞋底部件的至少一部分由该泡沫材料制备。
根据另一方面，泡沫材料的密度小于0.25g/cm3，并且弹性(resiliency)大于40。
具有轻重量鞋底部件的鞋制品拥有很大的优势。实际上，本实施例允许鞋制品在减少鞋重量时具有高响应，因而改进性能和舒适度。
这里公开的这些和附加的特点及优势可以从以下本实施例的详细公开中进一步理解。
附图说明
图1为本发明具有轻重量鞋底部件的鞋制品的正视图。
图2为图1中鞋制品的鞋底部件的分解视图。
图3为图1中鞋底部件的底部的平面视图。
图4为图2中鞋底部件中嵌入物的底面视图。
图5为图2中鞋底部件的顶部视图。
图6a-6f为例4的鞋底部件的测试比较结果。
以上图并未按照必要的比例尺绘制，并且应该理解为提供本发明的示意，阐述有关原理。图中所描述的鞋制品的一些特征相对于其它被放大或扭曲，以便容易解释和理解。图中相似或者相同的部件或特征采用相同的附图标记，并且特征示意于多个可替换的实施方式中。其中，部分地，在它们将要预期的应用和环境中，所公开的鞋制品可具有确定的结构和元件。
具体实施方式
鞋的描述
本申请的目标在于利用氢化泡沫材料作为轻重量材料。更进一步的目标涉及具有海绵般感觉(像行走在月球或者棉花糖上)的泡沫材料。再进一步，本发明旨在提出轻重量，高回弹感觉的Lunar鞋。
本发明可示例于不同形式。
鞋可为任意合适的鞋，例如跑鞋或篮球鞋，其预期特性为重量轻，高回弹。跑鞋，例如，可以制造得比其它普通跑鞋重量轻一半还多。
图1示出鞋10的一个实施例。鞋10包括鞋帮12和紧固到鞋帮12的鞋底部件14。鞋底部件14可通过粘合或者其它合适的方式紧固到鞋帮12。鞋10具有中间或内侧16和后、或外侧18。
鞋底部件14通常位于穿着者脚和地面之间，提供地面反作用力的消弱(例如，给予缓冲)、摩擦力、并可控制脚运动，例如，内旋。作为通常的鞋制品，鞋底部件14可包括位于鞋帮12中的内底(未示出)。
参考通常，鞋10可分为三个通常部分：前脚部分20，中脚部分22和后跟部分24。部分20，22和24并非为了对鞋10的区域做精确划分。更正确的，部分20，22和24是为了表现鞋10的通常区域来在以下讨论中提供相关结构。
除非其它规定，或者在以下的上下文内容中有清楚说明，这里所使用的方向术语，例如向后，向前，顶部，底部，向内，向下，向上等等，指的方向都相对于鞋10本身。如图1所示的鞋位于基本水平，当被穿着者穿上时位于水平表面。但是，应该认识到鞋10不应限制于该方向。因此，如图1所示的实施例中，向后是朝向脚跟部分24，即，如图1中的右面。自然，向前是朝向前脚部分20，即，如图1中的左面。向下是朝向如图1所示的页的底部。顶部是指元件朝向如图1所示的页的顶部，而底部是指元件朝向如图1所示的页的底部。向内是指朝向鞋10的中间，而向外是指朝向鞋10的外周边。
如图2所示，鞋底部件14包括具有形成在其上表面27的凹部28的第一部分26。上表面27通过粘合或者其它合适的固定方式紧固于鞋帮12。多个大体水平的肋30形成于第一部分26的外部。在本实施例中，肋30从内侧16的前脚部分20的中间部分沿着第一部分26向后延伸，环绕脚跟部分24并且从第一部分26的外侧18向前延伸到前脚部分20的中间部分。
第一部分26提供鞋底部件14的外部摩擦力表面。在本实施例中应理解为分离的外底部件可紧固于第一部分26的下部表面。
凹部28从脚跟部分28延伸到前脚部分20。在某些实施例中，凹部28的后表面32完全按照脚跟部24的后面轮廓弯曲，并且凹部28的前表面34横跨第一部分26延伸。
插入物36容纳于凹部28。插入物36具有与凹部28的弯曲后表面32相配合的弯曲后表面38，并且具有与凹部28的横向前表面34相配合的横向前表面40。插入物36的上表面42与鞋帮12通过粘合或者其它合适的固定方式接触并紧固。
如图3所示，第一部分26的地面接合下部表面44包括多个突出物46。每个突出物46被凹槽48围绕。多个横向狭槽50形成于下部表面44中，延伸于相邻突出物46之间。纵向狭槽52沿着下部表面44从脚跟部分26向前脚部分20延伸。
插入物36由重量非常轻的弹性材料形成。第一部分26提供结构并且支撑插入物36。在本实施例中，插入物36由泡沫材料形成。
另一个实施例利用类似插入物36的插入物60，但是其中该插入物包括两种泡沫材料。高密度泡沫材料支撑脚跟区域而低密度泡沫材料支撑脚趾区域。例如，如图4所示该插入物由密度为0.25g/cm3的泡沫材料62制成，例如，Phylon，其中脚趾区域的泡沫材料部分由密度小于0.25g/cm3的泡沫材料64替代。替换地，该插入物可由密度小于0.25g/cm3的泡沫材料制备，并且脚跟区域可替代为较高密度的泡沫材料。该插入物的泡沫材料部分的形状可为任意合适的形状。例如，脚跟区域可为楔形物来为预期在鞋内侧倾向于内旋(pronate)的运动员提供额外的支撑。这种不同密度类型的插入物在篮球鞋中特别有用。图5所示位于部分66中的插入物60包含两种类型材料62和64。
泡沫材料的介绍
在此描述的实施例中所使用的泡沫材料密度小于0.25g/cm3。这里，结合其它特性例如弹性大于40，提供一种有用的泡沫材料，其应用于需要轻重量泡沫材料的情况，例如，中底。
该泡沫材料由氢化或者非氢化丙烯腈丁二烯共聚物、改性氢化丙烯腈丁二烯共聚物和α-烯烃共聚物的混合物制备。非氢化(标准)丙烯腈丁二烯共聚物比氢化丙烯腈丁二烯共聚物形成的泡沫材料成本低。非氢化丙烯腈丁二烯共聚物通常比氢化丙烯腈丁二烯共聚物具有更高的收缩率(shrinkage)。
混合并且添加其它可选添加剂后，混合物最后发泡来用作泡沫材料。例如，具有密度小于0.25g/cm3的泡沫材料用作内部中底芯部。该芯部被刚性的外壳环绕，该外壳由例如但不局限于，EVA，Phylon和聚亚安酯制备。此外，在较高密度(例如大概0.30g/cm3)，泡沫材料能用作整个中底元件或作为中底/外底组合部件。
泡沫材料为鞋使用者提供柔软舒适缓冲感觉并且能量回归。这种缓冲和能量回归的感觉可以使用物理特性量化，比如高弹性、硬度(某些鞋，例如篮球鞋从20到30AskerC到50AskerC)和低能量损失。这种泡沫并不局限应用于鞋，也能用于所有需要以上所提到的改进特性的相关运动设备。
泡沫材料
泡沫材料由氢化或非氢化丙烯腈丁二烯共聚物、改性氢化丙烯腈丁二烯共聚物和α-烯烃共聚物混合物制备。
例如氢化丙烯腈丁二烯共聚物包含加氢丁腈橡胶(Zetpol)2000。其它级别氢化丙烯腈丁二烯共聚物能与不同百分比的聚合体饱和度一起使用。通常的，这种共聚物使用一定量，大约10到大约100份(part)/每百份(phr)，例如大约30到大约90份(phr)，或者大约40到大约70份(phr)。
非氢化丙烯腈丁二烯共聚物可部分或者全部被聚丁二烯(polybutadiene)、苯乙烯丁二烯(styrenebutadiene)、乙丙三元共聚物(ethylenepropylenedieneterpolymer)或氯磺化聚乙烯(chlorosulfonatedpolyethylenepolymere)替代，热塑性弹性体(TPE)同样可被用来形成共聚物的混合物。
改性氢化丙烯腈丁二烯共聚物是氢化丙烯腈丁二烯共聚物通过例如氧化锌、锌二丙烯酸酯(zincdiacrylate)共混物改性剂改性。合适的改性氢化丙烯腈丁二烯共聚物包括ZCS2095(ZeonChemicals)。通常的，该共聚物的用量从0到大约40份(phr)，例如大约5到大约40份(phr)、大约10到大约30份(phr)、或大约15到大约20份(phr)。
α-烯烃共聚物(alphaolefincopolymer)包括乙烯和α烯烃，例如具有高达20个碳原子，例如但不局限于乙烯和辛烷-1共聚物，乙烯甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物，以及乙二醇二乙酸酯共聚物(copolymersofethyleneandoctene-1,ethylene-methylacrylatecopolymer,andethylenevinylacetatecopolymer)。例如乙烯和辛烷-1共聚物包括来自陶氏化学公司(DowChemical)的例如乙烯/辛烯共聚物8480(Engage8480)的乙烯/辛烯共聚物。通常的，该共聚物的用量从0到大约90份(phr)，例如大约10到大约90份(phr)、大约10到大约40份(phr)、或大约20到大约40份(phr)。
添加剂
多种不同添加剂可被加入以获得预期质量的泡沫材料。加入一定量的这些添加剂以达到预期结果。例如，加入一定量的色素以获得理想的白色或者彩色泡沫材料。加入起泡剂以实现预期密度的泡沫。
可使用合适的弹性体，包括具有高反式含量(hightranscontent)的聚乙烯橡胶。可用西德的Huls公司(HuIsCorp.ofWestGermany)的商标Vestanamer下这些产品。Vestanamer特别适用的等级是Vestanamer8012和Vestanamer6213。这些弹性体的可用范围为大约1到大约20份(phr)。
可使用合适的均化剂，例如脂肪烃树脂(aliphatichydrocarbonresins)混合物，比如Struktol公司的60NS。这些添加剂被加入一定量来提供预期的均化效果，并且通常的范围从大约1到大约3份(phr)。
可使用非补强填料，例如，但不局限于碳酸钙和碳酸镁。这些添加剂被加入一定量来获得预期效果，通常的范围从大约1到大约30份(phr)。使用合适的色素，例如，但不局限于群青蓝(UltramarineBlue)。加入一定量的这些色素获得预期效果，通常的范围从0到大约5份(phr)。
使用合适的催化剂，例如，但不局限于氧化锌。加入一定量的这些催化剂以获得预期效果，并且通常的范围从1到大约5份(phr)。
使用合适的活性助剂(co-agents)，例如，过氧化物，SR-350，氰尿酸三烯丙酯(triallylcyanurate)。这些活性助剂被加入一定量来获得预期效果，并且通常的范围从0到大约10份(phr)。
硬酯酸(stearicacid)可用作内部润滑剂和催化剂以获得预期效果，并且通常的范围从0到大约3份(phr)。
增加泡沫材料处理特性的添加剂可使用例如聚乙烯蜡(polyethylenewax)提供预期的处理特性，并且通常的范围从0到大约15份(phr)。
二氧化钛可和一定量的色素一起使用来获得预期的效果，并且通常的范围从0到大约20份(phr)。可使用锐钛矿或金红石形式的二氧化钛。
可使用合适的固化(cure)系统和起泡剂，通常的范围从0.5到大约18份(phr)。一些化学起泡剂能改变气压和微孔结构。合适的化学起泡剂包括改性或活性偶氮甲酰胺(azodicarbonamides)、二亚硝基五亚甲基四胺(dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine)、苯磺酰阱(sulfonylhydrazides)。
可使用合适的聚合引发剂例如过氧化物。聚合引发剂通常的使用范围从大约1到大约6份(phr)。合适的过氧化物包括过氧化二异丙苯(dicumylperoxide)，过氧化二苯酰(dibenzoylperoxide)和2,5二甲基-2,5-双-(过氧化叔丁基)己炔-3(2,5dimethyl-2,5-di-(tert-butylperoxy)hexyne-3)。
以下提供可能成分表来制备泡沫材料。通常，理想的聚合物/共聚物与适合的添加剂、固化(cure)系统和起泡剂组合。
本发明泡沫材料 PHR(每百份中的份数)
固化系统和起泡剂
起泡剂#1 1-18
起泡剂#2 1-5
聚合引发剂(过氧化二异丙苯) 2-6
活性助剂 0.5-2
该泡沫材料以合适的方式形成。例如，该材料可使用任意合适的混合器混合，比如，Branbury混合器。
通常，聚合物首先和均化剂(如果需要)在温度为大约30到60℃时一起装入。将聚合物预先粉碎一段时间，通常的大约1分钟。然后，在大约60到大约80℃下，加入除了交联剂(cross-linker)、过氧化物(peroxide)和起泡剂(blowingagent)的剩下成分。混合同时温度加热到大约80到大约105℃。加入交联剂，之后过氧化物和起泡剂。温度升高到100到130℃。
混合物可被转移到微粒化机器(形成小球)或者转移到辊轧机(形成薄板)。例如，在辊轧机中，辊子之间的距离为3-4mm。温度为大约90到110℃时，混合物在辊子上均化大约3-10分钟，并且接着碾轧为预期的厚度。
微粒化机器允许材料使用传统的EVA或者橡胶注塑机来处理。微粒化机器中的成型温度通常设置为大约150到大约170℃。最终的产品在冷却管道中稳定，或可允许在室温下冷却。
辊轧机，通常2个辊轧机，根据常用技术来提供薄板。鞋制造中，该薄板进一步使用传统压模成型方法处理。
泡沫材料的固化温度通常为150℃到170℃。固化时间和成型厚度依据泡沫材料的预期厚度而不同。该泡沫材料可用于内部中底芯部。
合适的泡沫材料提供轻重量海绵般感觉。海绵材料的密度通常小于0.25g/cm3，(例如0.05到0.25g/cm3)、小于0.20g/cm3、小于18g/cm3、小于0.15g/cm3、小于0.12g/cm3，或者，大约0.10g/cm3。
泡沫材料的弹性(resiliency)大于40％，大于45％，至少50％，或者50-70％。压缩形变(compressionset)为60％或更少(例如20到60％)、50％或更少、45％或更少。泡沫材料的硬度(硬度计AskerC)例如依据不同类型的鞋通常为25到50、25到45、25到35、35到45。跑鞋通常硬度为25到35AskerC，而篮球鞋的AskerC为大约35到45AskerC。
抗拉强度至少为15kg/cm2，通常为15到40。延长百分比为150到500，通常超过250。抗扯强度为6-15kg/cm，通常超过7。
该泡沫材料比传统的EVA泡沫材料能量损失低，并且重量更轻。能量损失通常小于30％或大约20％到大约30％。
例如，传统乙烯醋酸乙烯酯(ethylenevinylacetate)(EVA)泡沫材料通常具有30％-40％的弹性，压缩形变为50-60％，并且密度为0.15-0.25g/cm3。
例1
以下泡沫材料使用氢化丙烯腈丁二烯制备。
例2
以下泡沫材料材料使用非氢化丙烯腈丁二烯制备。
例3
进行研究，比较穿着根据本发明制造的NikeAirPegasusAirPegasus和NikeLunar在稳定状态的能量消耗。如下表所示，Lunar的重量不到AirPegasus重量的一半。
鞋 每只鞋重量
Lunar：男式 135克
Pegasus：男式 322克
Lunar：女式 126克
Pegasus：女式 312克
给22个状态良好的赛跑者(10男和12女)均配备耐克AirPegasus和耐克Lunar。男性对象：年龄26.9±7.2岁，体重65.8±6.4千克。女性对象：年龄29.0±10.2岁，体重57.3±4.8千克。这些对象穿着他们平时的运动体恤和运动短裤。所有的对象穿相同的耐克short-cutDri-Fit袜子(每只14克)。
环境室设置为20℃；50％相对湿度。2.5米/秒的恒定气流朝向对象的前面；身体的其它表面暴露在速度≤1.4米/秒的空气湍流下。鞋被分配在平衡次序(counter-balanceorder)下，并且每个对象完成连续10分钟的来回运动，奔跑中每隔3分钟交换鞋，因此，在测试期间每只鞋穿两次。男女的水平踏车跑步速度平均为8.6和8.1mph，相对应的，需要每个对象大约80％的有氧代谢能力(aerobiccapacity)。
连续监控心率(Polar公司)，并且每分钟都记录。连续监控氧气消耗(ParoMedics公司)，并且最后4分钟的平均值(例如7到10分钟)被选为最有效的评估每个运动的稳定状态能量消耗。因此，每个对象的数据报告表现每只鞋在相同的测试期间重复试验的平均值。之前和之后的裸重测量精度为±10克(Ohaus公司)。
心率(bpm)被计算为预测心率最大值的百分比。稳定状态的氧气消耗值用ml/kg·min-1计算。
22个对象中的20个穿着轻重量的Lunar时表现出低的氧气需要。这种能量消耗上的减少在以与水平踏车跑步相同的步速跑步时最为明显(p＜0.01)，并且男性和女性平均分别为-3.0±1.0％和-3.5±1.9％。
当穿着Lunar和Pegasus时，男性的平均稳定状态心率是他们年龄预测最大值的79％和80％。女性对象的该相应值是她们年龄预测心率最大值的85％和86％。
毫无疑问，这些对象在这些条件下跑步更愿意选择Lunar鞋。
例4
从以下类型的芯部以及芯部/壳组合的峰值G(PeakG)、能量损耗以及CD曲线获取的比较值：
A.WHQ制造的CMPLunar泡沫材料芯部(M4533A)
B.WHQ制造的CMPEVAPHYLON泡沫材料芯部(M4533B)
C.亚洲(FT)制造的注塑Lunar泡沫材料芯部(M4533C)
D.CMPLunar芯部(WHQ)与PHYLON壳一起组装(M4532A)
E.注塑Lunar芯部(ASIAFT)与PHYLITE壳一起组装(M4532B)
样品1的泡沫材料公式使用在以上A和C中。除了它们通过不同方法处理外，注塑的和CMP芯部具有相同的公式。
后跟和前脚的碰撞结果如图5a、5b、5c、5d、5e和5f所示。图5a描述后跟碰撞G结果。图5b描述后跟碰撞能量损失结果。图5c描述前脚碰撞G结果。图5d描述前脚碰撞能量损失结果。
M4533的样品A,B和C的结果
对于后跟碰撞，图5a结果显示样品C具有最低峰值G值10.1G，其次是样品B具有峰值G值11.1G，样品A具有最高峰值G值14.4G。如图5b所示能量损失，样品A具有最低值26％，样品C具有次最低值29％，同时样品B具有最高值36％。
对于前脚碰撞，图5c结果显示样品B和C具有最低峰值G范围从29.5到29.8G。样品A具有最高值38.6G。如图5d所示能量损失，所述样品的范围从28到32％，这不被认为是有意义的差异。
图5e和图5f分别所描述的后跟碰撞峰值G结果以及前脚碰撞G结果的负载和偏转(loadvsdeflection)曲线。样品A,B和C的曲线中的急剧尖峰显示样品开始回升(bottomout)。
M4532的样品D和F的结果
对于后跟碰撞，图5a显示样品D具有最低峰值G值8.2G，相比样品E的值为9.0G。图5b中能量损失的范围从36到37％，这不被认为是有意义的差异。
对于前脚碰撞，图5c所示样品E的结果具有最低峰值G值12.8G，相比于样品D的值为13.8G。图5d中能量损失的值的范围从31到37％，这不被认为是有意义的差异。
一般而言，低峰值G表示较软的缓冲，高值表示较硬的缓冲。峰值G的差异大于0.5G被认为是有意义的差异(机器不同之外)。消费者可察觉后跟碰撞的峰值G的差异大于1.0G，“仅仅是明显差异”(JND)可存在于两只鞋之间。能量损失用来衡量响应，较低的能量损失是对缓冲较大的响应。能量损失的差异大于10％是有意义的差异。
鉴于上述情况披露的本发明和不同实施例的描述，本领域技术人员很容易明白在不背离本发明的范围的精神前提下可作出不同的改变和修改。所有的这些改变和修改均包括在以下权利要求中。

Claims (28)

1.一种鞋的鞋底结构，包括密度小于0.25g/cm3并且弹性大于40％的第一泡沫材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的鞋底结构，其中该密度小于大约0.18g/cm3。
3.根据权利要求2所述的鞋底结构，其中该密度小于大约0.15g/cm3。
4.根据权利要求1所述的鞋底结构，其中该弹性大于大约45％。
5.根据权利要求1所述的鞋底结构，其中该弹性为大约50％。
6.根据权利要求1所述的鞋底结构，其中该第一泡沫材料的压缩形变小于50％。
7.根据权利要求1所述的鞋底结构，其中该第一泡沫材料硬度为25到45AskerC。
8.根据权利要求1所述的鞋底结构，其中该第一泡沫材料硬度为25到35AskerC。
9.根据权利要求1所述的鞋底结构，其中该第一泡沫材料硬度为35到45AskerC。
10.根据权利要求1所述的鞋底结构，其中该鞋底结构为中底。
11.根据权利要求1所述的鞋底结构，其中该鞋底结构为内底。
12.一种鞋的鞋底结构，包括密度小于0.25g/cm3并且硬度为25到45AskerC的第一泡沫材料。
13.根据权利要求12所述的鞋底结构，其中该密度小于大约0.18g/cm3。
14.根据权利要求12所述的鞋底结构，其中该密度小于大约0.15g/cm3。
15.根据权利要求12所述的鞋底结构，其中该硬度为25到35AskerC。
16.根据权利要求12所述的鞋底结构，其中该硬度为35到45AskerC。
17.根据权利要求12所述的鞋底结构，其中该鞋底结构为中底。
18.根据权利要求12所述的鞋底结构，其中该鞋底结构为内底。
19.一种鞋的鞋底结构，包括密度小于0.25g/cm3并且能量损失小于大约30％的第一泡沫材料。
20.根据权利要求19所述的鞋底结构，其中该密度小于大约0.18g/cm3。
21.根据权利要求19所述的鞋底结构，其中该密度小于大约0.15g/cm3。
22.根据权利要求19所述的鞋底结构，其中该密度小于大约0.18g/cm3。
23.根据权利要求19所述的鞋底结构，其中该能量损失为大约20％到大约30％。
24.根据权利要求19所述的鞋底结构，其中该鞋底结构为中底。
25.根据权利要求19所述的鞋底结构，其中该鞋底结构为内底。
26.一种鞋的鞋底结构，包括密度小于0.25g/cm3、弹性大于大约40％的柔性的第一泡沫材料，以及密度为0.25g/cm3或更大的刚性的第二泡沫材料，其中该第二泡沫材料位于中底的后跟区域。
27.根据权利要求26所述的鞋底结构，其中该第一泡沫的密度小于约0.18g/cm3。
28.根据权利要求27所述的鞋底结构，其中该第一泡沫的密度小于大约0.15g/cm3。
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US20080244926A1 (en) 2008-10-09
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US10645994B2 (en) 2020-05-12
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US20170258181A1 (en) 2017-09-14
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US20110154688A1 (en) 2011-06-30
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