CN105103866A - Film-covering and ridging mechanizing culturing method for sagittaria sagittifolia - Google Patents
Film-covering and ridging mechanizing culturing method for sagittaria sagittifolia Download PDFInfo
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- CN105103866A CN105103866A CN201510513183.1A CN201510513183A CN105103866A CN 105103866 A CN105103866 A CN 105103866A CN 201510513183 A CN201510513183 A CN 201510513183A CN 105103866 A CN105103866 A CN 105103866A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention relates to a film-covering and ridging mechanizing culturing method for sagittaria sagittifolia. The film-covering and ridging mechanizing culturing method includes the following steps: 1, seedling growing, wherein germination accelerating is carried out on terminal buds or bulbs, then seedlings are arranged in a hole disc to be cultured through matrixes, a film is laid below the seedlings to keep moisture, complete watering is carried out after inserted sowing is carried out, and then the matrixes are kept wet to facilitate rooting; 2, crop growing land preparing, wherein a paddy field is selected to be deeply plowed, fertilizers are applied to the paddy field, rotary tillage and levelling are carried out, and then ridging and black film covering are carried out; 3, transplanting, wherein the seedlings and the hole disc are jointly transported for planting, water is immediately let out to flood the field after planting is completed, and the water is kept shallow; 4, crop growing land management, wherein shallow-water frequent irrigating is carried out, dryness is strictly prevented, and fertilizer applying management is carried out; 5, harvesting, wherein harvesting is carried out through a machine after field soil is dried in the sun, and the sagittaria sagittifolia is plowed out of the soil surface to be manually picked, cleaned and packaged. According to the film-covering and ridging mechanizing culturing method, as a ridging film covering machine, a vegetable transplanting machine and a mechanical harvesting machine are applied, mechanization is greatly improved, the labor intensity of persons is reduced, and the good use effect is achieved through practical application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of arrowhead overlay film ridge culture mechanized farming method, belong to aquatic vegetable planting technology field.
Background technology
Arrowhead is aquatic vegetable, and the techniqueflow in producing at present is:
1) nursery: the paddy field selecting hidding and sunny side, after applying the base manure that becomes thoroughly decomposed, is with water to plough rake, a kind of farm tools is put down, keep 2-3cm shallow water, plants into nursery rice seedling bed by garbled terminal bud or kind ball;
2) field planting: after land for growing field crops applies base manure, band water ploughs rake, a kind of farm tools is put down, and keep 2-3cm shallow water, the seedling of field planting only retains high 25-30cm, gets final product field planting after extracting from rice seedling bed and cutting off upper blade;
3) gather: have two kinds of methods, one is drain water in field, receives with tooth harrow pick, and another kind adopts paddy field water pump punching to receive.
The regional production method generally adopted of arrowhead is planted in this kind of production procedure at present, and be also traditional implantation methods, three critical periods in production process all operate in paddy field, and Mechanization Level is very low, make the production very work consuming of arrowhead, and labour intensity are large.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to above-mentioned defect, object is to provide a kind of novel cultivation technique mode---and overlay film ridge culture mechanized cultivation technology, this technology mode has the feature of light letter, efficient, high yield, high-quality.
The technical solution used in the present invention is for this reason: the present invention carries out according to following steps:
1) nursery: get terminal bud or bulb carries out vernalization, is then placed on interior the substrate seedling of cave dish, below layer overlay film keep moisture, broadcast slotting after water permeable, then maintenance matrix is moistening in order to taking root;
2) land for growing field crops prepares: select paddy field to deep plough, and rotary tillage leveling of applying fertilizer in paddy field, then cover black film as ridge;
3) field planting: seedling is planted with cave dish transport, at once discharges water and flood field after having planted, and keeps shallow water;
4) field management: shallow water duty is filled with, and is strictly on guard against arid, and carries out fertilizing management;
5) gather: wait field soil to dry rear machine and gather, arrowhead is routed up the laggard pedestrian's work pickup of soil table, clean and pack.
Described 1) in step: get the terminal bud of reserving seed for planting or bulb steeps 15 minutes through 20% carbendazol wettable powder, 300 times of immersions, pull out after drying in greenhouse or booth vernalization, then plant in 50 hole dishes with substrate seedling, cave dish is put neat, layer overlay film surrounding impales low bank of earth between fields maintenance moisture below, broadcast insert after water permeable, 7-10 days afterwards keep matrix moistening in order to taking root.
Described 2) in step: select suitable paddy field, deep plough more than 20 centimetres, execute decomposed dung or 3000 kilograms, muck, urea 15-20 kilogram, superphosphate 30-40 kilogram, composite fertilizer 25 kilograms for every mu, make base manure, rotary tillage flattens, and utilizes ridging laminating machine machinery to cover black film as ridge, requires high 30 cm in ridge, row spacing 90 cm, distance between the ridges is from 30-40 centimetre.
Described 3) in step: choose seedling age 20-30 days, the seedling strain field planting of height of seedling 30-40 centimetre; Seedling transports with cave dish, and plant with vegetable transplanting machine mechanization, duplicate rows is planted, and seeding row spacing is 40-45 centimetre, at once discharges water and flood field after having planted, and keeps shallow water.
Described 4) in step: shallow water duty is filled with, and is strictly on guard against arid; Field planting 10-14 days afterwards every mu execute 30 kilograms, carbonic hydroammonium, 10 kilograms, urea, execute 30 kilograms, urea, composite fertilizer 25 kilograms, potassium chloride 10-15 kilogram for every mu during pumping root-like stock.
Advantage of the present invention is: 1) point disk seedling growing: compared with traditional seedling-cultivating method, and point disk seedling growing saves a large amount of water resources, reduces simultaneously and hinders seedling, be beneficial to mechanical field planting.
2) overlay film ridge culture: overlay film can reduce weeds in field, saves weeding recruitment; Can keep soil temperature at arrowhead Later growth overlay film, increase arrowhead output, test shows, overlay film can increase individual plant balling number about 3, and single bulb is heavy 70-80 gram on average, significantly improves arrowhead output more than 7%; Overlay film can improve arrowhead side chain chain content of starch, and the arrowhead amylopectin content without overlay film only has about 25%, and the arrowhead amylopectin content of overlay film can reach more than 40%, substantially improves the Cooking Quality of arrowhead.
3) mechanical harvesting: arrowhead is aquatic crops, with the arrowhead of traditional planting type plantation, its bulb is looser in underground distribution, bulb Relatively centralized after ridge culture, and machinery easy to use gathers simultaneously, substantially increases the efficiency of gathering, reduces omission simultaneously.
In sum, the present invention is owing to adopting the mode of overlay film ridge culture, point disk seedling growing, overcome traditional arrowhead because can not the defect of mechanized operation in paddy field, the present invention is by the application of ridging laminating machine, vegetable transplanting machine, Mechanical harvesters, substantially increase mechanization, its operating efficiency is greatly improved, and reduces the labour intensity of personnel, through practical application, achieve good result of use.
Embodiment
Embodiment one:
The present invention carries out according to following steps:
1) nursery: get terminal bud or bulb carries out vernalization, is then placed on interior the substrate seedling of cave dish, below layer overlay film keep moisture, broadcast slotting after water permeable, then maintenance matrix is moistening in order to taking root;
2) land for growing field crops prepares: select paddy field to deep plough, and rotary tillage leveling of applying fertilizer in paddy field, then cover black film as ridge;
3) field planting: seedling is planted with cave dish transport, at once discharges water and flood field after having planted, and keeps shallow water;
4) field management: shallow water duty is filled with, and is strictly on guard against arid, and carries out fertilizing management;
5) gather: wait field soil to dry rear machine and gather.
Described 1) in step: get the terminal bud of reserving seed for planting or bulb steeps 15 minutes through 20% carbendazol wettable powder, 300 times of immersions, pull out after drying in greenhouse or booth vernalization, then plant in 50 hole dishes with substrate seedling, cave dish is put neat, layer overlay film surrounding impales low bank of earth between fields maintenance moisture below, broadcast insert after water permeable, 9 days afterwards keep matrix moistening in order to taking root.
Described 2) in step: select suitable paddy field, deep plough more than 20 centimetres, execute decomposed dung or 3000 kilograms, muck, 18 kilograms, urea, superphosphate 35 kilograms, composite fertilizer 25 kilograms for every mu, make base manure, rotary tillage flattens, and utilizes ridging laminating machine machinery to cover black film as ridge, requires high 30 cm in ridge, row spacing 90 cm, distance between the ridges is from 40 centimetres.
Described 3) in step: choose seedling age 25 days, the seedling strain field planting of height of seedling 38 centimetres; Seedling transports with cave dish, and plant with vegetable transplanting machine mechanization, duplicate rows is planted, and seeding row spacing is 45 centimetres, at once discharges water and flood field after having planted, and keeps shallow water.
Described 4) in step: shallow water duty is filled with, and is strictly on guard against arid; Field planting 12 days afterwards every mu execute 30 kilograms, carbonic hydroammonium, 10 kilograms, urea, execute 30 kilograms, urea, composite fertilizer 25 kilograms, 15 kilograms, potassium chloride for every mu during pumping root-like stock.
Crude protein content increases by 0.8 percentage point after testing, soluble sugar content increases by 1.2 percentage points, and total starch content increases by 1.8 percentage points, and dry matter content increases by 2 percentage points, content of vitamin E increases by 1.6 percentage points, and selenium E content increases by 1.2 percentage points.
Embodiment two:
1) nursery: get terminal bud or bulb carries out vernalization, is then placed on interior the substrate seedling of cave dish, below layer overlay film keep moisture, broadcast slotting after water permeable, then maintenance matrix is moistening in order to taking root;
2) land for growing field crops prepares: select paddy field to deep plough, and rotary tillage leveling of applying fertilizer in paddy field, then cover black film as ridge;
3) field planting: seedling is planted with cave dish transport, at once discharges water and flood field after having planted, and keeps shallow water;
4) field management: shallow water duty is filled with, and is strictly on guard against arid, and carries out fertilizing management;
5) gather: wait field soil to dry rear machine and gather.
Described 1) in step: get the terminal bud of reserving seed for planting or bulb steeps 15 minutes through 20% carbendazol wettable powder, 300 times of immersions, pull out after drying in greenhouse or booth vernalization, then plant in 50 hole dishes with substrate seedling, cave dish is put neat, layer overlay film surrounding impales low bank of earth between fields maintenance moisture below, broadcast insert after water permeable, 10 days afterwards keep matrix moistening in order to taking root.
Described 2) in step: select suitable paddy field, deep plough more than 20 centimetres, execute decomposed dung or 3000 kilograms, muck, 20 kilograms, urea, superphosphate 36 kilograms, composite fertilizer 25 kilograms for every mu, make base manure, rotary tillage flattens, and utilizes ridging laminating machine machinery to cover black film as ridge, requires high 30 cm in ridge, row spacing 90 cm, distance between the ridges is from 35 centimetres.
Described 3) in step: choose seedling age 30 days, the seedling strain field planting of height of seedling 40 centimetres; Seedling transports with cave dish, and plant with vegetable transplanting machine mechanization, duplicate rows is planted, and seeding row spacing is 42 centimetres, at once discharges water and flood field after having planted, and keeps shallow water.
Described 4) in step: shallow water duty is filled with, and is strictly on guard against arid; Field planting 14 days afterwards every mu execute 30 kilograms, carbonic hydroammonium, 10 kilograms, urea, execute 30 kilograms, urea, composite fertilizer 25 kilograms, 10 kilograms, potassium chloride for every mu during pumping root-like stock.
Crude protein content increases by 0.7 percentage point after testing, soluble sugar content increases by 0.6 percentage point, and total starch content increases by 1.4 percentage points, and dry matter content increases by 1.2 percentage points, content of vitamin E increases by 0.3 percentage point, and selenium E content increases by 0.6 percentage point.
Embodiment three:
1) nursery: get terminal bud or bulb carries out vernalization, is then placed on interior the substrate seedling of cave dish, below layer overlay film keep moisture, broadcast slotting after water permeable, then maintenance matrix is moistening in order to taking root;
2) land for growing field crops prepares: select paddy field to deep plough, and rotary tillage leveling of applying fertilizer in paddy field, then cover black film as ridge;
3) field planting: seedling is planted with cave dish transport, at once discharges water and flood field after having planted, and keeps shallow water;
4) field management: shallow water duty is filled with, and is strictly on guard against arid, and carries out fertilizing management;
5) gather: wait field soil to dry rear machine and gather.
Described 1) in step: get the terminal bud of reserving seed for planting or bulb steeps 15 minutes through 20% carbendazol wettable powder, 300 times of immersions, pull out after drying in greenhouse or booth vernalization, then plant in 50 hole dishes with substrate seedling, cave dish is put neat, layer overlay film surrounding impales low bank of earth between fields maintenance moisture below, broadcast insert after water permeable, 9 days afterwards keep matrix moistening in order to taking root.
Described 2) in step: select suitable paddy field, deep plough more than 20 centimetres, execute decomposed dung or 3000 kilograms, muck, 15 kilograms, urea, superphosphate 30 kilograms, composite fertilizer 25 kilograms for every mu, make base manure, rotary tillage flattens, and utilizes ridging laminating machine machinery to cover black film as ridge, requires high 30 cm in ridge, row spacing 90 cm, distance between the ridges is from 30 centimetres.
Described 3) in step: choose seedling age 28 days, the seedling strain field planting of height of seedling 37 centimetres; Seedling transports with cave dish, and plant with vegetable transplanting machine mechanization, duplicate rows is planted, and seeding row spacing is 40 centimetres, at once discharges water and flood field after having planted, and keeps shallow water.
Described 4) in step: shallow water duty is filled with, and is strictly on guard against arid; Field planting 10-14 days afterwards every mu execute 30 kilograms, carbonic hydroammonium, 10 kilograms, urea, execute 30 kilograms, urea, composite fertilizer 25 kilograms, 12 kilograms, potassium chloride for every mu during pumping root-like stock.
Crude protein content increases by 0.5 percentage point after testing, soluble sugar content increases by 1.0 percentage points, and total starch content increases by 1.0 percentage points, and dry matter content increases by 1.5 percentage points, content of vitamin E increases by 0.6 percentage point, and selenium E content increases by 0.4 percentage point.
Claims (5)
1. arrowhead overlay film ridge culture mechanized farming method, is characterized in that, carries out according to following steps:
1) nursery: get terminal bud or bulb carries out vernalization, is then placed on interior the substrate seedling of cave dish, below layer overlay film keep moisture, broadcast slotting after water permeable, then maintenance matrix is moistening in order to taking root;
2) land for growing field crops prepares: select paddy field to deep plough, and rotary tillage leveling of applying fertilizer in paddy field, then cover black film as ridge;
3) field planting: seedling is planted with cave dish transport, at once discharges water and flood field after having planted, and keeps shallow water;
4) field management: shallow water duty is filled with, and is strictly on guard against arid, and carries out fertilizing management;
5) gather: wait field soil to dry rear machine and gather, arrowhead is routed up the laggard pedestrian's work pickup of soil table, clean and pack.
2. arrowhead implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described 1) in step: get the terminal bud of reserving seed for planting or bulb steeps 15 minutes through 20% carbendazol wettable powder, 300 times of immersions, pull out after drying in greenhouse or booth vernalization, then plant with substrate seedling in 50 holes dishes, cave dish is put neat, below layer overlay film surrounding impale low bank of earth between fields maintenance moisture, broadcast insert after water permeable, 7-10 days afterwards keep matrix moistening in order to taking root.
3. arrowhead implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described 2), in step: select suitable paddy field, deep plough more than 20 centimetres, decomposed dung or 3000 kilograms, muck, urea 15-20 kilogram, superphosphate 30-40 kilogram, composite fertilizer 25 kilograms is executed for every mu, make base manure, rotary tillage flattens, and utilizes ridging laminating machine machinery to cover black film as ridge, requires high 30 cm in ridge, row spacing 90 cm, distance between the ridges is from 30-40 centimetre.
4. arrowhead implantation methods according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described 3) in step: choose seedling age 20-30 days, the seedling strain field planting of height of seedling 30-40 centimetre; Seedling transports with cave dish, and plant with vegetable transplanting machine mechanization, duplicate rows is planted, and seeding row spacing is 40-45 centimetre, at once discharges water and flood field after having planted, and keeps shallow water.
5. arrowhead implantation methods according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described 4) in step: shallow water duty is filled with, and is strictly on guard against arid; Field planting 10-14 days afterwards every mu execute 30 kilograms, carbonic hydroammonium, 10 kilograms, urea, execute 30 kilograms, urea, composite fertilizer 25 kilograms, potassium chloride 10-15 kilogram for every mu during pumping root-like stock.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105557485A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2016-05-11 | 孟祥荣 | Nutrient solution seedling culture method of Sagittaria sagittifolia |
| CN105917992A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-09-07 | 淮南师范学院 | Automatic cutting machine for stolons of arrowhead and electrical control system thereof |
| CN113179893A (en) * | 2021-05-06 | 2021-07-30 | 江苏省农业科学院泰州农科所 | Greenhouse spring early-stage arrowhead ridging and black film mulching cultivation method |
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| KR20130065892A (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2013-06-20 | 최무식 | Mulch method seedling for rice |
| CN104838876A (en) * | 2015-06-02 | 2015-08-19 | 江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所 | Soilless seedling culturing method of arrowheads |
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2015
- 2015-08-20 CN CN201510513183.1A patent/CN105103866B/en active Active
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| KR20130065892A (en) * | 2011-12-12 | 2013-06-20 | 최무식 | Mulch method seedling for rice |
| CN104838876A (en) * | 2015-06-02 | 2015-08-19 | 江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所 | Soilless seedling culturing method of arrowheads |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105557485A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2016-05-11 | 孟祥荣 | Nutrient solution seedling culture method of Sagittaria sagittifolia |
| CN105557485B (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2018-08-31 | 界首市鑫一龙机械设备购销有限公司 | A kind of arrowhead nutrient solution method for culturing seedlings |
| CN105917992A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-09-07 | 淮南师范学院 | Automatic cutting machine for stolons of arrowhead and electrical control system thereof |
| CN113179893A (en) * | 2021-05-06 | 2021-07-30 | 江苏省农业科学院泰州农科所 | Greenhouse spring early-stage arrowhead ridging and black film mulching cultivation method |
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