CN104838876A

CN104838876A - Soilless seedling culturing method of arrowheads

Info

Publication number: CN104838876A
Application number: CN201510292605.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李爱民; 张永泰; 张永吉; 苏芃; 张甜; 张云虹
Original assignee: Jiangsu Lixiahe Prefecture Institute Of Agricultural Science
Current assignee: Jiangsu Lixiahe Prefecture Institute Of Agricultural Science
Priority date: 2015-06-02
Filing date: 2015-06-02
Publication date: 2015-08-19
Anticipated expiration: 2035-06-02
Also published as: CN104838876B

Abstract

The invention discloses a soilless seedling culturing method of arrowheads and belongs to the technical field of agriculture, in particular vegetable cultivation. The soilless seedling culturing method includes cutting off terminal buds free of tuber at the joint of the terminal buds and the seedball before winter of the first year, soaking the terminal buds in saturated bleaching powder after cleaning, washing by tap water and refrigerating after drying; vertically inserting the terminal buds into a matrix soaked with water in the second year, disposing a seedling cultivating tray at 20-25 degrees Centigrade for 16 hours of light period, cultivating under the condition of 2000-3000 lux of light intensity and transplanting the seedlings to the field until the arrowhead seedlings grow with 2 to 3 leaves. The seedlings are cultivated under the controllable cultivating condition, and the integral seedling cultivation time is shorter than 25 days; on one hand, labor can be saved, and management is facilitated; on the other hand, season limits are broken through, and technical basis is provided for industrial cultivation and year-round cultivation of the arrowheads.

Description

A kind of method of arrowhead soilless-cultivated seedling

Technical field

The invention belongs to agricultural, particularly the technical field of cultivation of vegetables.

Background technology

Traditional arrowhead seedling-cultivating method relates generally to following content:

(1) plant bud to preserve.Main employing two kinds of approach, a kind of is cut bud into before the winter to the bulb of reserving seed for planting chosen, and the terminal bud sand bed area method cut is preserved.Namely select shady and cool ventilation place to dig a pitting, spread fine sand, then put arrowhead bud, one deck sand, one deck bud layer, make kind of a tooth lose light, and the temperature that as far as possible controls environment is lower than 15 DEG C.Another kind is that bulb is reserved in land for growing field crops, keeps winter the field lowest water level degree of depth to be not less than 10cm, directly adopts whole bulb to carry out broadcasting slotting nursery during nursery.All there are some problems when applying in these two kinds of approach, first approach need be digged pit when preserving, and workload is larger.The second approach will take a large amount of arable land when applying, and affects arable land service efficiency.

(2) vernalization.If outdoor temperature is lower than 15 DEG C before nursery, the kind bud of taking-up need carry out vernalization under temperature condition more than 15 DEG C, after sprouting, just can be sowed at rice seedling bed nursery through 10 ~ 15 days.This limits the nursery in advance of arrowhead to a certain extent, affects arrowhead and is connected with the crops for rotation of Different Crop crop rotation.

(3) sow.In the first tenday period of a month in Second Year late April to May, carry out during temperature more than 15 DEG C.Nursery rice seedling bed and land for growing field crops are than general at 1:10, and namely 100 mu of lands for growing field crops need the field, seedbed of more than 10 mu.This seedling-cultivating method, on the one hand the amount of labour used is many, labour intensity large, on the other hand rice seedling bed occupy one season crop growth period, land use rate is low.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is directed to the deficiency that traditional arrowhead seedling-cultivating method is above-mentioned, propose a kind of soilless-cultivated seedling method of simple and easy, low cost, this seedling-cultivating method is that the factorial seedling growth of following arrowhead provides possibility.

The present invention includes following steps:

1) terminal bud not with stem block is cut from terminal bud and kind ball junction before First Year enters the winter, clear water is put into saturated bleaching fluid immediately and is soaked 60 ± 10 minutes after cleaning, clean with tap water after taking-up, dry in the air to dry tack free, refrigerate under being placed in the temperature condition of 0 ~ 5 DEG C;

2) matrix meeting NY/T 2118-2012 standard is steeped in water the previous day by Second Year nursery, and matrix is taken out by next day from water, dries to reach hand to matrix and pinch agglomerating, and lands namely loose requirement, and matrix is filled up seedling-cultivating tray;

3) insert in Medium Culture by perpendicular for terminal bud, broadcast the slotting degree of depth 1 ± 0.2cm, broadcasting slotting density is 1600 ± 100 strains/rice ²;

4) cultivate under broadcasting the seedling-cultivating tray be plugged and being placed in the condition of temperature 20 ~ 25 DEG C, 16 hours photoperiods, intensity of illumination 2000 ~ 3000 lux, in process of growth, keep soil humidity to be 70 ~ 80%;

5) when arrowhead seedling grows 2 ~ 3 leaves, transplant to land for growing field crops.

The present invention soaks with saturated bleaching fluid, achieves the sterilization treatment before preserving arrowhead terminal bud; In the mode of refrigeration, be beneficial to the preservation of live body, arrowhead terminal bud takes up room little when stored refrigerated, and terminal bud survival rate is high; Fix the medium with nutrition supply using the matrix meeting NY/T 2118-2012 standard as seedling body root system during nursery, arrowhead terminal bud is broadcast and inserts in matrix, saved field, seedbed; Broadcast the temperature of inserting without the need to considering this season; Broadcast slotting density and adopt 1600 ± 100 strains/rice ², can realizing every bud, to account for area be 6cm ², seedling density is high, and space efficiency utilization improves about 30 times than traditional nursery; Cultivate under suitable temperature, periodicity of illumination and intensity, suitable soil humidity, can effective guarantee planting percent, shorten the seedling time.

In a word, the present invention's nursery under controlled condition of culture, whole seedling raise period, less than 25 days, can be saved labour on the one hand, be convenient to management, and can break through restriction in season on the other hand, the batch production for arrowhead is educated provides technical foundation with annually cultivating.

In addition, seedling-cultivating tray height of the present invention is not less than 4cm, to ensure that arrowhead seedling has sufficient root growth space, for behind transplanting land for growing field crops, seedling healthy growth lays the foundation.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the picture that the present invention broadcasts slotting arrowhead terminal bud.

Fig. 2 is the arrowhead seedling photo adopting the inventive method to grow.

Embodiment

(1) mid or late November, select tool kind characteristic feature, be of moderate size, fully ripe, terminal bud is comparatively bending and thick, the arrowhead bulb that anosis worm is caused harm, terminal bud is cut from terminal bud and kind ball junction, and note the terminal bud that cuts is not with stem block, after clear water is cleaned, put into saturated bleaching fluid immediately soak 60 ± 10 minutes, clean with tap water after taking-up, dry in the air to dry tack free, be placed in the freezer of 0 ~ 5 DEG C or freeze case and save backup.

(2) matrix and seedling-cultivating tray is got out.Buy the matrix meeting NY/T 2118-2012 standard, buy seedling-cultivating tray (length × wide × height=60 cm x 20 cm x 4 centimetres).

(3), during Second Year April to May, the matrix be loaded in porous packaging bag is steeped in pool or ditch, matrix was taken out from water in second day, dry to matrix can the requirement of " hand pinch agglomerating, land and namely fall apart ".Matrix is filled up seedling-cultivating tray, strikes off matrix with batten or long chi.

(4) from freezer or refrigerator, take out the terminal bud of refrigeration, erect and insert in Medium Culture, broadcast the slotting degree of depth 1 ± 0.2cm, every bud takes up space about 6 centimetres ², namely often coil about 200 terminal buds, as shown in Figure 1.

(5) by broadcast the seedling-cultivating tray be plugged be placed in temperature 20 ~ 25 DEG C, 16 hours photoperiods, intensity of illumination 2000 ~ 3000 lux group training room cultivate, in process of growth every 1 day with watering can water spray, keep the humidity of matrix to be 70 ~ 80%.

(6) through about 20 days, arrowhead seedling reaches 2 ~ 3 leaves, just can transplant to land for growing field crops as shown in Figure 2.

Through statistics, terminal bud planting percent of the present invention is 90 ~ 95%.

And traditional arrowhead seedling-cultivating method terminal bud planting percent is 80 ~ 90%.

Claims

1. an arrowhead soilless-cultivated seedling method, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:

1) in First Year enter before the winter from terminal bud with plant ball junction and cut terminal bud not with stem block, clear water is put into saturated bleaching fluid immediately and is soaked 60 ± 10 minutes after cleaning, clean with tap water after taking-up, dry in the air to dry tack free, refrigerate under being placed in the temperature condition of 0 ~ 5 DEG C;

2. arrowhead soilless-cultivated seedling method according to claim 1, is characterized in that described seedling-cultivating tray height is not less than 4cm.