CN104938173B - Method for planting sainfoin at saline-alkali slope wasteland of arid region - Google Patents
Method for planting sainfoin at saline-alkali slope wasteland of arid region Download PDFInfo
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- CN104938173B CN104938173B CN201510289027.1A CN201510289027A CN104938173B CN 104938173 B CN104938173 B CN 104938173B CN 201510289027 A CN201510289027 A CN 201510289027A CN 104938173 B CN104938173 B CN 104938173B
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- sainfoin
- desert
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- saline
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/06—Watering arrangements making use of perforated pipe-lines located in the soil
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for planting sainfoin at a saline-alkali slope wasteland of an arid region. The method comprises the steps of district selection, preparation before seeding, seeding and irrigation. Under the semi-desert slope drop irrigation condition, sainfoin is planted without tillage, the sainfoin is planted to increase pasture yield while original vegetation is protected, and the quality of pasture is improved. Combined with the gentle slope semi-desert grassland environment, drop irrigation pipes are buried at intervals along contour lines with certain line spacing, through appropriate water supplementing, water lack in the seedling stage is relieved, the soil salinity of a planting region is faded to a certain extent, and seedling standing of the sainfoin is promoted. By means of the method, real tillage, salt content restraining through great water and other methods which damage the fragile semi-desert ecological environment are avoided, the sainfoin is planted at semi-desert saline-alkali soil under the water-saving drop irrigation measure, and a sustainable grazing meadow with biodiversity is formed.
Description
Technical field：
The invention belongs to field of plant cultivation, specifically in the saline and alkaline waste hillside of arid biogeographic zone half-desert, no-tillage drip irrigation plants sainfoin
Method.
Background technology：
Xinjiang is the important animal husbandry base of China, is affected by overgrazed, grassland reclamation, excavation medicinal material etc., existing day
So degenerating in various degree occurs in existing 600,000,000 mu of grassland, wherein 200,000,000 mu is serious degradation.For the sustainable development of pasture animal husbandry
Exhibition, Xinjiang started progressively to implement the engineerings such as herdsmen settlement from 1988, built artificial Forage Base, widelyd popularize fodder grass
Plantation.Xinjiang Mountainous area is big, and in low mountain gentle slope area, precipitation is general up to 200mm, and the half-desert meadow for being formed is weight
The native pasture wanted.Artificial modified is moderately carried out to this region, herbage quality will be significantly improved, the life of unit area herbage is improved
Thing volume production goes out.For this purpose, a kind of the invention provides method of half-desert hillside fields plantation sainfoin.This method can ensure stronger
Yielding ability and yield stability, it is possible to resolve prohibit, stop and herd rear livestock forage grass hardly possible problem, while half-desert ground can preferably be kept in meadow
Original vegetation.
Sainfoin (Onobrychisviciifolia) be pulse family Onobrychis herbaceos perennial, protein content
Height, salt resistance alkali, arid ability are superior to alfalfa, have cultivation on China Gansu, Ningxia, Qinghai, Xinjiang, the Inner Mongol and other places
Training.There is root nodule on red bean grass roots, nitrogen fixing capacity is strong, to improving soil physico-chemical property, fertilizing soil promotes soil aggregate
Formed, all had great importance.Sainfoin root system is powerful, and lateral root is more, and bank protection soil conservation is made good use of, serious in wind erosion and water erosion
Slope land, its yield is higher than planting other legumes, is good soil-and-water conservation effect.Sainfoin contains tannin, there may be
The soluble protein of a large amount of foams is formed in livestock cud, when ruminant domestic animal green grass or young crops is raised, herds disease is not expanded, overcome
The defect that the leguminous forages such as alfalfa can not in a large number be eaten by ruminant domestic animal.
Chinese Patent Application No. 201110235839.x elaborates the planting and establishing method on alfalfa salt-soda soil, wherein proposing
Site preparation destroy original vegetation and ecology, increased input cost, this method in the plantation of arid biogeographic zone reclamation of wasteland formula is national
Forbidden.High cost is gathered in simultaneously, alfalfa is not suitable for herding, ruminant domestic animal green grass or young crops can expand disease when raising, herding.But
This patent has reference value to mixed seeding plantation sainfoin.Number of patent application 201010233703.0 elaborates light salt-soda soil kind
The method for planting clover, is related to turn over the light salt-soda soil autumn, applies and the step such as sow on farm manure, ridging, suppression and spring ridge, workload
Larger, program is cumbersome.Number of patent application 03117550.3 elaborate one kind sow seeds after not earthing to avoid because earthing is caused out
Seedling is uneven, it is naked broadcast alfalfa method, number of patent application 03149654.7 discloses one kind and is matched somebody with somebody by gibberellin, ammonium molybdate and ethanol
Than preparation and the seed soaking type of seeding based on this preparation, these technical methods have certain reference price for direct-seeding planting sainfoin
Value.
The content of the invention：
Present invention aim at, there is provided the method that sainfoin is planted in a kind of saline and alkaline waste hillside of arid biogeographic zone, the method is by ground
Section select, broadcast front preparation, sowing and irrigation step complete.Under the condition of drip irrigation of half-desert hillside fields, zero tillage sainfoin is protecting
Sainfoin is sowed while protecting original vegetation to increase forage yield, improves herbage quality.With reference to gentle slope half-desert grassland environment,
Along the embedded drip irrigation pipe of the line spacing of contour interval one, seedling stage water shortage is alleviated by appropriate moisturizing and to a certain degree desalinates growing area soil
Earth salinity, promotes the vertical seedling of sainfoin.The method of the invention avoids the fragile half-desert of the destruction such as real tillage, big hydraulic pressure salt
The way of ecological environment, had both ensured that sainfoin had suitable sprouting planting condition, and the biomass of original vegetation is increased again, formed life
The multifarious grazing pasture of thing.Supporting drip irrigation system, can effectively play the effect that water saving, drought resisting and suppression salt are kept a full stand of seedings.In water saving drop
Realize that sainfoin is planted in half-desert salt-soda soil under filling measure, form the sustainable grazing pasture of bio-diversity.
The method that sainfoin is planted in a kind of saline and alkaline waste hillside of arid biogeographic zone of the present invention, follow these steps to carry out：
Location selects：
A, selection physical features are gently open, are adapted to the saline and alkaline gentle slope ground of half-desert of mechanical work, and barren hill is domatic in 10-25%,
The half-desert meadow of soil 0-30cm soil layer saliferous 0.5-1.0%；
Broadcast front preparation：
B, along the domatic natural contour in hillside fields, interval 1-1.2m opens 15-20cm depth grooves, imbeds drip irrigation pipe；
Sowing：
C, sowing during April 25 to May 5, red bean is sowed in the shallow slot both sides of embedded drip irrigation pipe using bar broadcast mode
Grass, depth 2-3cm, line-spacing 45-50cm；
Irrigate：
D, after planting be drip irrigation, drip irrigation degree by sowing division Surface Humid peak cover sowing cave be defined, after dripping 3-5 days it is red
Beans grass is emerged, the soil overdrying during emerge, then is mended and dripped once, ensures that sowing division ground moistening does not lump, and is gone out in sainfoin
After seedling 5-6 days, interval is dripped once for 5-8 days, and sainfoin is reached after 20cm plant heights, according to ground moistening degree moisturizing, late September
Stopping is dripped, until November mends winter irrigation water, winter irrigation water rate control is in 90-120m3/hm2。
The saline and alkaline barren hill of half-desert selected by step a, region annual precipitation is in 200mm-250mm.
Moisturizing in step d judges timely moisturizing during soil moisture content 12-15% minimum with 0-30cm soil layers.
The method that sainfoin is planted in a kind of saline and alkaline waste hillside of arid biogeographic zone of the present invention, this method avoid soil of turning over
Ground, destroys fragile half-desert ecological.After sainfoin grows, while herbage is done, as perennial plant, can play for a long time
Conserve water and soil, improve the effect of ecological environment.Sainfoin has nitrogen fixation, and the work for nitrogen growth-promoting can be played to original botanical system
With.
The method that sainfoin is planted in a kind of saline and alkaline waste hillside of arid biogeographic zone of the present invention, the method is pressed in drip irrigation pipe
Under sainfoin sowing row soil layer, can prevent overland flow and coombe from occurring, play the effect of conserving water and soil.Drip irrigation is to sainfoin
While water supply, desalination leaching can be played to the soil salt of growing area local, promote sainfoin planting.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is First Year of the present invention after planting sainfoin seeding stage figure；
Fig. 2 be the sainfoin of Second Year of the present invention bloom the later stage figure；
Fig. 3 is autumn flock of sheep of the invention in choosing food sainfoin, and the weeds on remaining original half-desert salt-soda soil can conduct
Winter grassland figure.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
2008, Jimusar County great You townshiies fresh green agricultural development Co., Ltd's half-desert salt-soda soil, using 2hm2；
Location selects：
A, selection physical features are gently open, region mean annual precipitation 200mm, and the half-desert for being adapted to mechanical work is saline and alkaline slow
, there are water source guarantee, gradient 10-15%, the half-desert meadow of 0-30cm soil layer saliferous 0.5-0.8% in hillside fields；
Broadcast front preparation：
B, along the domatic natural contour in hillside fields, be spaced 1m and excavate the deep shallow slots of 15cm, imbed drip irrigation pipe, be beneficial to water and ooze
Enter soil and prevent domatic sheugh from producing；
Sowing：
C, sow within 25 days in 4 months, sainfoin is sowed using bar broadcast mode in the shallow slot both sides of embedded drip irrigation pipe, seed level 2cm,
Line-spacing 50cm；
Irrigation method：
D, after planting be drip irrigation, drip irrigation degree by sowing division Surface Humid peak cover sowing cave be defined, 5 days red beans after dripping
Grass is emerged, and is anti-seedling stage antecedent soil moisture caking, is mended during emerging and has been dripped a water, after sainfoin emerges 5 days, is spaced 5 days and is dripped
Once, sainfoin reaches timely moisturizing during 12-15% minimum with 0-30cm soil moisture in layer after 20cm plant heights to water, and late September stops
Only drip, November 17 pressed 90m3/hm2The water yield fills winter water, and table 1 is the grass yield monitoring result of the plantation term of sainfoin 3：
1 2010 years test block Forage Grass Biomass (dry weight) (kg/hm of table2)
| Sainfoin | Original plant adds up to | Total biomass | |
| Sainfoin growing area | 6240 | 2820 | 9060 |
| Original half-desert salt-soda soil | 0 | 1710 | 1710 |
As it can be seen from table 1 being dramatically increased by the domatic grass yield of the method for the invention.
Embodiment 2
2009, the half-desert salt-soda soil of fresh green agricultural development Co., Ltd of Jimusar County great You townshiies, using 5hm2；
Location selects：
A, selection physical features are gently open, region mean annual precipitation 230mm, and the half-desert for being adapted to mechanical work is saline and alkaline slow
, there is water source guarantee in hillside fields, and the gradient is on 15-20%, the half-desert meadow of 0-30cm soil layer saliferous 0.5-1.0%；
Broadcast front preparation
B, along the domatic natural contour in hillside fields, be spaced 1.2m and excavate the deep shallow slots of 18cm, imbed drip irrigation pipe, be beneficial to water
Penetrate into soil and prevent domatic sheugh from producing；
Sowing
C, the sowing of April 29, sainfoin is sowed in the shallow slot both sides of embedded drip irrigation pipe using bar broadcast mode, seed level 3cm, OK
Away from 45cm；
Irrigation method
D, after planting be drip irrigation, drip irrigation degree by sowing division Surface Humid peak cover sowing cave be defined, 4 days red beans after dripping
Grass is emerged, and after sainfoin emerges 5 days, is dripped within 7 days by interval, and sainfoin is reached after 20cm plant heights with 0-30cm soil moisture in layer most
Timely moisturizing during low 12-15%, late September stopping is dripped, and November 10 pressed 100m3/hm2The water yield fills winter water, and table 2 is red for plantation
The grass yield monitoring result of beans 3 terms of grass.
2 2011 years test block Forage Grass Biomass (dry weight) (kg/hm of table2)
| Sainfoin | Original plant adds up to | Total biomass | |
| Sainfoin growing area | 4270 | 1570 | 5840 |
| Original half-desert salt-soda soil | 0 | 1140 | 1140 |
From table 2 it can be seen that being dramatically increased by the domatic forage yield of the method for the invention.
Embodiment 3
2012, the half-desert salt-soda soil of fresh green agricultural development Co., Ltd of Jimusar County great You townshiies, using 20hm2；
Location selects：
A, selection physical features are gently open, region mean annual precipitation 250mm, and the half-desert for being adapted to mechanical work is saline and alkaline slow
, there is water source guarantee in hillside fields, and the gradient is on 20-25%, the half-desert meadow of soil 0-30cm soil layer saliferous 0.8-1.0%；
Broadcast front preparation：
B, along the domatic natural contour in hillside fields, be spaced 1.1m and excavate the deep shallow slots of 20cm, imbed drip irrigation pipe, be beneficial to water
Penetrate into soil and prevent domatic sheugh from producing；
Sowing：
C, the sowing of May 5, in the shallow slot both sides drilling sainfoin of embedded drip irrigation pipe, seed level 3cm, line-spacing 50cm；
Irrigation method：
D, after planting be drip irrigation, drip irrigation degree by sowing division Surface Humid peak cover sowing cave be defined, 3 days red beans after dripping
Grass is emerged, and after sainfoin emerges 6 days, is dripped within 8 days by interval, and sainfoin is reached after 20cm plant heights with 0-30cm soil moisture in layer most
Timely moisturizing during low 12-15%, late September stopping is dripped, and November 15 pressed 120m3/hm2The water yield fills winter water, and table 3 is red for plantation
The grass yield monitoring result of beans 3 terms of grass；
3 2014 years test block Forage Grass Biomass (dry weight) (kg/hm of table2)
| Sainfoin | Original plant adds up to | Total biomass | |
| Sainfoin growing area | 5730 | 1890 | 7620 |
| Original half-desert salt-soda soil | 0 | 1320 | 1320 |
From table 3 it can be seen that being dramatically increased by the method for the invention hillside fields forage yield.
Claims (1)
1. the method that sainfoin is planted in a kind of saline and alkaline waste hillside of arid biogeographic zone, it is characterised in that follow these steps to carry out：
Location selects：
A, selection physical features are gently open, are adapted to the saline and alkaline gentle slope ground of half-desert of mechanical work, and barren hill is domatic in 10-25%, soil 0-
The half-desert meadow of 30cm soil layer saliferous 0.5-1.0%, wherein the saline and alkaline barren hill of selected half-desert, region annual precipitation exists
200mm-250mm；
Broadcast front preparation：
B, along the domatic natural contour in hillside fields, interval 1-1.2m opens 15-20cm depth grooves, imbeds drip irrigation pipe；
Sowing：
C, sowing during April 25 to May 5, sainfoin is sowed in the shallow slot both sides of embedded drip irrigation pipe using bar broadcast mode, deep
Degree 2-3cm, line-spacing 45-50cm；
Irrigate：
D, after planting be drip irrigation, drip irrigation degree by sowing division Surface Humid peak cover sowing cave be defined, 3-5 days sainfoins after dripping
Emerge, the soil overdrying during emerge, then mend and drip once ensures that sowing division ground moistening does not lump, emerge 5-6 in sainfoin
After it, interval is dripped once for 5-8 days, and sainfoin is reached after 20cm plant heights, and according to ground moistening degree moisturizing, wherein moisturizing is with 0-
Timely moisturizing during minimum soil moisture content 12-15% of 30cm soil layers, late September stopping is dripped, until November mends winter irrigation water, winter irrigation
Water rate control is in 90-120m3/hm2。
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| CN201510289027.1A CN104938173B (en) | 2015-05-29 | 2015-05-29 | Method for planting sainfoin at saline-alkali slope wasteland of arid region |
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| CN104938173B true CN104938173B (en) | 2017-05-10 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105993262B (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2017-11-10 | 谢庭生 | The cellular domatic tree-grass complex plantation Efficient utilization method in purple mound hilllock gentle slope |
| CN108391563B (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2019-10-15 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | A kind of arid biogeographic zone strongly salined soil barren hill greening method |
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| JPH1198928A (en) * | 1997-09-26 | 1999-04-13 | Shinsengumi:Kk | Plant raising system in resert or the like |
| GB2365738A (en) * | 2000-08-16 | 2002-02-27 | David Mckenzie | Bag containing seed and method of use |
| CN102388730B (en) * | 2011-07-13 | 2013-06-05 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Method for planting Suaeda salsa on serious saline-alkali soil by trickle irrigation in arid area |
| CN102349408A (en) * | 2011-08-17 | 2012-02-15 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Method for planting apocynum venetum in arid area salinification desert |
| CN102405749B (en) * | 2011-08-17 | 2013-06-12 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Method for planting medicago sativa in salinization wasteland of arid region |
| CN102523904A (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2012-07-04 | 新疆新绿农业开发有限责任公司 | Method for planting nostoc flagelliforme in arid-area wasteland |
| CN103222388B (en) * | 2013-05-21 | 2014-10-15 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Method for planting apocynum venetum in salinized desert of arid region |
| CN103392487B (en) * | 2013-08-13 | 2014-10-15 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Arid region saline-alkali soil biology improvement method |
| CN103814647B (en) * | 2014-03-07 | 2016-07-06 | 深圳市万信达生态环境股份有限公司 | A kind of method suitable in Arid&semi-arid area alkaline land improving |
| CN104082031B (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2016-01-06 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | A kind of arid biogeographic zone heavily salted original soil greening method |
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