CN104920004B - A kind of Novel fruit-tree cultural method - Google Patents

A kind of Novel fruit-tree cultural method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104920004B
CN104920004B CN201510232748.9A CN201510232748A CN104920004B CN 104920004 B CN104920004 B CN 104920004B CN 201510232748 A CN201510232748 A CN 201510232748A CN 104920004 B CN104920004 B CN 104920004B
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fruit
soil
tree
field planting
parts
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CN201510232748.9A
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CN104920004A (en
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邵根顺
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Jiangxi Kang Zhi Feng Agricultural Development Co ltd
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Nanjing Halls Biological Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention belongs to fruit tree cultivation technical field, and in particular to be a kind of Novel fruit-tree cultural method.A kind of new cultivation of fruit tree method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:Field planting hole is set, digs field planting hole, backfill, field planting, overlay film, field management and pruning fruit tree.The cultural method of the present invention sets high disk, circular groove, the gas permeability of high disk soil is may advantageously facilitate, so as to improve soil granular structure;In addition, the rainwater and the decomposition that waits of fallen leaves that flow into ditch are organic fertilizer, there is very big benefit for root system nutrition intensive under drip, by promoting root growth, improve fruit yield and quality.

Description

A kind of Novel fruit-tree cultural method
Technical field
The invention belongs to fruit tree cultivation technical field, and in particular to be a kind of Novel fruit-tree cultural method.
Background technology
Fruit tree occupies critical role in national economy.China carry out for a long time fruit tree go up a hill lower beach, do not striven with grain and cotton ground Strategy, most orchard soils are barren, and soil organic matter content is low, and soil granular structure is poor, and soil pH value is improper, water conservation Fertilizer-preserving ability is poor, various nutrition nutritional deficiency diseases often occurs.Therefore, high-quality, the orchard sustainable development of fruit tree high yield to be made, improves fruit Orchard Soil quality is crucial.
China mainly uses following several orchard soil management systems, and the advantage and disadvantage of several orchard soil management systems are such as Under:(1) soil ploughs clearly management system:Mainly carry out manpower weeding, loosen the soil, keep the not raw weeds in orchard, loosing soil.Its is excellent Point is can to prevent weeds from fighting for nutrient with fruit tree, and shortcoming is that long-term clear plough can destroy soil granular structure, aggravates the soil erosion And soil erosion;(2) soil overlay management system:The soil in orchard is covered with agricultural crop straw, plastic foil etc..Its Advantage is can to improve the hot situation of soil water fat gas, improves soil organic matter content, improves fruit yield and quality;Shortcoming is to increase Add human and material resources, improve management cost;(3) orchard ground cover system:Orchard ground cover has two kinds of sides of artificial sward and natural grass Method.No matter which kind of sward mode, after grass grows to certain altitude, cradled, covered on soil.Its advantage can be prevented from Soil erosion, improve soil organic matter content;Shortcoming is to increase labour costs with fruit tree root competition nutrition sometimes;(4) it is no-tillage System:Orchard weed is killed with herbicide, do not hoe up weeds, loosen the soil.Its advantage is saving of labor, can effectively prevent grass Famine, soil protection structure;Shortcoming is increase cost, there is certain pollution to soil.
Currently, China promote be soil covering system, be with promote crops covering based on.Mainly according to covering agriculture Crop embodies friendly with soil environment, meets straw-returning, land used, the principle increased soil fertility.Soil covering system can also be with life Grass knot altogether, is covered with grass, and because its covering needs substantial amounts of human and material resources, thus popularization difficulty is larger, is producing Upper apply is at most then system cultivated clearly.
The information for being disclosed in the background section is merely intended to understanding of the increase to the general background of the present invention, without answering It has been the prior art well known to persons skilled in the art when being considered as recognizing or implying the information structure in any form.
The content of the invention
Improve into age orchard soil fertility the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of, improve soil quality Into age orchard soil management system.
The present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem with following technical scheme:
A kind of Novel fruit-tree cultural method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) field planting hole is set:Be 2.0m according to spacing in the rows, line-spacing be 4m set field planting hole;
(2) field planting hole is dug:To be colonized hole center as round dot, depth is dug out away from ripe in the 30cm of ground by radius of 50cm Soil, place it in the surrounding in field planting hole;
(3) backfill:By the mellow soil dug out and farm manure according to volume ratio 1:2-5 is well mixed, and is then backfilled to together After ground level, by the raw-soil dug out backfill on mellow soil;
(4) it is colonized:The planting pit for digging a diameter of 50cm in native face center is cheated in the field planting of backfill, in the planting pit dug Water is inside poured into, when water is also without having oozed under comprehensively, seedling is put into planting pit blinding to being higher by ground level 30-50cm, planting pit The soil around seedling is piled into tree disk after blinding;
(5) overlay film:After field planting on the tree disk that every plant of fruit seedling is piled up laying plastic;
(6) field management:In 4-9 months, time/month of blade face fruit retention swelling agent 1 need to be sprayed;
(7) pruning fruit tree:Per plant height degree 60-100cm, every plant is stayed the bud of 3-5 different directions, branch to be stretched to surrounding for trimming Long growth, forms major branch of bearing fruit.
In technical scheme, farm manure is made up of following raw materials according by weight described in step (3):Straw 200 parts of stalk, pig manure 20-50 parts, night soil 20-50 parts, peanut cake 10-50 parts, 5 parts of lime, chicken manure 10-50 parts and water 100- 500 parts.
It is in low inside and high outside turtleback to set disk in technical scheme, described in step (4), and the periphery for setting disk is deep 30cm, wide 30cm annular groove.
In technical scheme, blade face fruit retention swelling agent described in step (6) is gibberellin containing 5-10ppm (GA3) With the mixed liquor of 1.0-2.0ppm CPPUs.
In addition, the application present invention also offers the Novel fruit-tree cultural method on longan, lichee.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that:
1. the cultural method of the present invention sets circular groove, high disk so that piles up fallen leaves on high disk etc. and flows into ring by rainwater Ditch, the gas permeability of high disk soil is may advantageously facilitate, so as to improve soil granular structure.
2. rainwater and the decomposition that waits of fallen leaves that the cultural method of the present invention is flowed into ditch are organic fertilizer, for close under drip The root system nutrition of collection has very big benefit, by promoting root growth, improves fruit yield and quality.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is cultivation of fruit tree method individual plant fruit tree field planting schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is cultivation of fruit tree distance between rows and hills specification schematic diagram of the present invention;
Main Reference Numerals explanation:
1- fruit tree seedlings;The high disk that 2- fruit trees are piled up;3- annular grooves.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, it is to be understood that the guarantor of the present invention Shield scope is not limited by embodiment.
Embodiment:
Under isolated tree disk drip, deep 30cm, wide 30cm ditch are dug, digs out and carrys out mound to tree disk, tree is checked and regulated reason Low turtleback outside Cheng Ligao.
With the good longan of storage of field planting in 2002 it is examination material in early March, 2013, the processing of circular groove high disk is set:In isolated tree Under disk drip, deep 30cm, wide 30cm ditch are dug, digs out and carrys out mound to tree disk, tree disk is organized into the inner high outer low curvature of the spinal column Shape.With not open loop ditch, or not clear of epiphragma is not ploughed as control.In in late March, 2014 in the circular tree disk that circular groove is formed, distance is main Fetched earth on dry about 1.5m tree disk with earth boring auger, the depth that fetches earth is 0-20cm, 20-40cm;Also fetched earth in dug annular groove with earth boring auger, The depth that fetches earth is 0-20cm, 20-40cm.Soil moisture content is determined after fetching earth immediately, determines soil pH after air-drying, organic matter contains Amount.Diameter 10cm root drilling collection longan root system is used on the tree disk apart from longan trunk 1.5m, sets the sampling depth point on disk Wei not 0-20cm, 20-40cm;Equally longan root system, sampling depth 0-20cm, 20-40cm are gathered in circular groove with this method.Adopt Root system after collection determines its quantity, weight, average diameter.The downward 6-8 sections in annual young sprout top are taken just to turn green leaf measure Its leaf r elative water content.In in mid-August, 2014 fruit picking measurement yield, and measure content of fruit soluble solids, total reducing sugar, can drip Fixed acid, vitamin C.Using single factor test RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN, each processing is repeated 3 times.
As a result show:It is respectively 16.4 and 18.2,20-40cm soil layer point to set the high disk of disk 0-20cm soil moisture contents and control Not Wei 16.6 and 17.0, illustrate high disk water content less than control.But ditch 0-20 soil moisture in layer:19.9,20-40cm soil layers For:19.0, it is significantly higher than control.It is 14.52g/kg in content of organic matter ditch, control 11.97g/kg, processing is significantly higher than pair According to.The tree disk high disk of soil pH value 0-20 soil layers and control are respectively that 4.98,4.76,20-40cm soil layers are respectively 4.87 and 4.46, Processing soil pH value significantly improves.It is respectively 137.34 and 120.26 that root, which is handled and compareed again, leaf r elative water content point Not Wei 81.4% and 79.8%, all be processing be considerably better than control.Yield is respectively 9.42kg and 8.23kg, soluble solid Content is respectively 21.4 and 20.1, and processing is significantly higher than control.
The description of the foregoing specific illustrative embodiment to the present invention is to illustrate and the purpose of illustration.These descriptions It is not wishing to limit the invention to disclosed precise forms, and it will be apparent that according to above-mentioned teaching, can be much changed And change.The purpose of selecting and describing the exemplary embodiment is that explain that the certain principles of the present invention and its reality should With so that those skilled in the art can realize and utilize the present invention a variety of exemplaries and Various chooses and changes.The scope of the present invention is intended to be limited by claims and its equivalents.

Claims (2)

  1. A kind of 1. cultivation of fruit tree method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
    (1) field planting hole is set:Be 2.0m according to spacing in the rows, line-spacing be 4m set field planting hole;
    (2) field planting hole is dug:To be colonized hole center as round dot, depth is dug out away from the mellow soil in the 30cm of ground by radius of 50cm, will It is placed on the surrounding in field planting hole;
    (3) backfill:By the mellow soil dug out and farm manure according to volume ratio 1:2-5 is well mixed, and is then backfilled to together and ground After the level of face, by the raw-soil dug out backfill on mellow soil;
    (4) it is colonized:The planting pit for digging a diameter of 50cm in native face center is cheated in the field planting of backfill, is fallen in the planting pit dug Enter water, when water is also without having oozed under comprehensively, seedling is put into planting pit blinding to being higher by ground level 30-50cm, planting pit blinding The soil around seedling is piled into tree disk afterwards;
    (5) overlay film:After field planting on the tree disk that every plant of fruit seedling is piled up laying plastic;
    (6) field management:In 4-9 months, time/month of blade face fruit retention swelling agent 1 need to be sprayed;
    (7) pruning fruit tree:Per plant height degree 60-100cm, every plant is stayed the bud of 3-5 different directions, branch to extend life to surrounding for trimming It is long, form major branch of bearing fruit;
    Farm manure is made up of following raw materials according by weight described in step (3):200 parts of stalk, pig manure 20-50 parts, people Fecaluria 20-50 parts, peanut cake 10-50 parts, 5 parts of lime, chicken manure 10-50 parts and water 100-500 parts;
    It is in low inside and high outside turtleback that disk is set described in step (4), and the periphery for setting disk is deep 30cm, wide 30cm annular groove;
    Blade face fruit retention swelling agent described in step (6) is the GA of gibberellin containing 5-10ppm3With the mixed liquor of 1.0-2.0ppm CPPUs.
  2. 2. application of the cultivation of fruit tree method according to claim 1 on longan, lichee.
CN201510232748.9A 2015-05-08 2015-05-08 A kind of Novel fruit-tree cultural method Expired - Fee Related CN104920004B (en)

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Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106212183A (en) * 2016-08-13 2016-12-14 李朝 A kind of burying method of fruit tree nutrition soil
CN108283099A (en) * 2018-01-31 2018-07-17 安徽兴华农庄有限公司 A kind of garden fruit tree cultural method
CN108781962A (en) * 2018-05-18 2018-11-13 江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所(江苏徐州甘薯研究中心) Tone fruit trees monomer plateau delays Root growth method

Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101595819A (en) * 2009-07-09 2009-12-09 保山市林业技术推广总站 Improved variety of walnut seed selection and high-yield cultivating method
CN103535238A (en) * 2013-09-25 2014-01-29 安徽省砀山果园场 Planting method of yellow peach trees
CN103782786A (en) * 2014-02-26 2014-05-14 山东省潍坊市农业科学院 Method for cultivating extremely early-maturing large grapes
CN103975816A (en) * 2014-05-29 2014-08-13 太仓市泗洲农场专业合作社 Green high-yield kiwi fruit planting method
CN104542151A (en) * 2014-12-19 2015-04-29 江苏逸夏果园有限公司 Planting method for kiwi fruits

Patent Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101595819A (en) * 2009-07-09 2009-12-09 保山市林业技术推广总站 Improved variety of walnut seed selection and high-yield cultivating method
CN103535238A (en) * 2013-09-25 2014-01-29 安徽省砀山果园场 Planting method of yellow peach trees
CN103782786A (en) * 2014-02-26 2014-05-14 山东省潍坊市农业科学院 Method for cultivating extremely early-maturing large grapes
CN103975816A (en) * 2014-05-29 2014-08-13 太仓市泗洲农场专业合作社 Green high-yield kiwi fruit planting method
CN104542151A (en) * 2014-12-19 2015-04-29 江苏逸夏果园有限公司 Planting method for kiwi fruits

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Title
如何春栽核桃嫁接苗;佚名;《山西党员干部现代远程教育网http://www.sxdygbjy.com/syjs/228255070.html》;20150228;第1-3页 *

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