CN104803723A - Preparation process of ecological organic fertilizer - Google Patents
Preparation process of ecological organic fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN104803723A CN104803723A CN201510233597.9A CN201510233597A CN104803723A CN 104803723 A CN104803723 A CN 104803723A CN 201510233597 A CN201510233597 A CN 201510233597A CN 104803723 A CN104803723 A CN 104803723A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
The invention discloses a process for preparing organic fertilizer which can be used for effectively regulating the ecological balance of microorganisms in soil and decomposing organic and inorganic components of many organic matters and mineral substances in the soil by using the excrement of animals such as pigs, cows and sheep and straws as raw materials, so as to remove the hardening, the salinization and the desertification of the soil due to the use of fertilizer for many years. The process is a preparation process of ecological organic fertilizer, which is high in production efficiency, stable in product quality and low in energy consumption, and is energy-saving and environment-friendly. An organic fertilizer product is produced through the process, so that the breeding, the comprehensive utilization of the excrement and the cultivation can be sufficiently linked, so as to achieve clean production. The preparation process of the ecological organic fertilizer comprises the two steps of aerobic composting fermentation and the crushing as well as the pelleting and the packaging of the organic fertilizer.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fertilizer preparation technology, particularly relate to that production efficiency is high, cleaner production, ecological organic fertilier preparation technology that energy consumption is low.
Background technology
Soil and fertilizer are two large fundamentals of agriculture production.After entering the eighties, China can plough soil and use chemical fertilizer in a large number, causes land deterioration, soil compaction, soil fertility declines, organic and beneficial microorganism reduces, agricultural ecological is unbalance, the pollution be subject in various degree of deterioration in quality, water resources and environment makes human health be subject to potential threat.Therefore, nontoxic, nuisanceless, pollution-free, safe food and fertilizer and agricultural chemicals get more and more people's extensive concerning and attention.In recent years, country increases investment in agriculture, and most province eliminates agricultural tax and increases the dynamics of agriculture subsidy, and meanwhile, the selling price of agricultural-food is skyrocketing, and farmers' income adds, and enthusiasm for production is surging.But long-term application chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals make the hardening soil, fertility declines, contaminate environment and soil, affect the Sustainable Production of agricultural, add sharp rising of the prices of the means of agricultural production such as chemical fertilizer in recent years, agriculture production cost is made to increase, peasant is badly in need of finding the part or all of replacing fertilizer of a kind of energy, improvement soil, the fertilizer that high-quality and efficient, price is economical, and this just provides the huge market space and commercial opportunity to high efficiency ecological organic fertilizer production.
Biological organic fertilizer is the new-type fertilizer of National agricultural portion and quality supervision and test quarantine general bureau keypoint recommendation, fertility is strong, cost is low, nuisanceless, is the indispensable production means of high-quality Agricultural product without pollution, product technology is advanced, the market competitiveness is strong, not only increases crop yield, improves crop quality, also can reduce long-term application chemical fertilizer pollution on the environment, application prospect is boundless.Organic fertilizer contains a large amount of nutritive ingredients of plant needs, various trace element, carbohydrate and fat.Relatively milder lasting to the nutrient supply of plant, there is very long aftereffect.Organic fertilizer also contains various trace elements, as boracic 21.7-24 mg/kg in feces of livestock and poultry, zinc 29-290 mg/kg, manganese 143-261 mg/kg, molybdenum 3.0-4.2 mg/kg, and effective iron 29-290 mg/kg.Because nutritive element various in organic fertilizer is more complete, and these materials are nontoxic, harmless, free of contamination natural material completely, and this is just for production high yield, high-quality, free of contamination green food provides must condition.Organic fertilizer contains various saccharides, and application of organic fertilizers adds various carbohydrate in soil.Had carbohydrate, had the large energy that organism discharges in degraded, the growth of soil microorganisms, growth, breeding activity have just had the energy.In the long history of China's agriculture production, always by organic fertilizer improvement soil, getting fat soil fertility, produce grain, the proverb of " support by excrement, seedling long by excrement " in China rural area, reflects the effect of application of organic fertilizers material for improvement soil, simultaneously to a certain extent, through the biological organic fertilizer that harmless treatment and industrial chemical process flow change into, great social benefit will be produced to aspects such as environment purification, the ecological agriculture, Sustainable developments.
China's Model on Sown Areas of Farm more than 20 hundred million mu, needs about 100,000,000 4 thousand ten thousand tons, fertilizer year, and China produces fertilizer per year less than 100,000,000 tons, and especially high-quality fertilizer is in great shortage especially, and main dependence on import meets the demand of agriculture production.Chemical fertilizer is a kind of carbon isotopes, the impact of starting material rise in price and environmental pollution, causes many small-sized fertilizer planies state on the verge of bankrupt, and country is due to the restriction by economy and energy condition, also incompetence transforms these fertilizer planies at present, limits the increase of China's fertilizer total amount.Vast farmers also meets the needs of agriculture production in the urgent need to a kind of new-type fertilizer.At present, western countries' bio-feritlizer usage quantity such as U.S. has accounted for 50% of the total consumption of fertilizer.Recent years, China's biological organic fertilizer market by with annual 5% speed increment.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides one with pig, cattle and sheep, chicken excrement of animals and stalk for raw material, preparation effectively can regulate the eubiosis of Soil Microorganism, the technique of the fertilizer of organic matters a large amount of in decomposition soil, the organic and inorganic components of mineral substance, the soil compaction that elimination uses chemical fertilizer to cause for many years, salinization, desertification, this production efficiency is high, constant product quality, energy-conserving and environment-protective, the preparation technology of the ecological organic fertilier that energy consumption is low.By this explained hereafter organic fertilizer product, cultivation, ight soil comprehensive utilization, plantation can be made to link up fully, reach cleaner production.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of preparation technology of ecological organic fertilier, is divided into aerobic composting fermentation and fertilizer to pulverize granulation and packs two steps:
The first step: aerobic composting zymotechnique, comprise the large operation of raw materials pretreatment, sterilizing, stirring fermentation and maturing process four, concrete operation step is:
1) pre-treatment of raw material: by collected raw material classification bank up add degraded bacterial classification and enzyme carry out pre-treatment (raw material as high in crude fiber content adds the special degraded bacterial classification of robust fibre and decomposes), complete first time fermentation;
Described raw material comprises stalk, animal excrement, and described stalk at least selects the one of paddy rice, wheat, corn, Chinese sorghum, and the one of chicken manure, cattle and sheep excrement, pig manure is at least selected in described animal excrement;
The postpone of described stalk heap adds lignocellulose degradation bacterial classification, cellulase, zytase, amylase and lignoenzyme and carries out pre-treatment, and the postpone of described animal excrement heap adds animal excrement fermented bacterium, lipase and proteolytic enzyme and carries out pre-treatment;
2) sterilizing: pretreated raw material is transported in the ratio that C:N ratio is 20 ~ 30 and enters fertilizer ripening chamber; And join in fermentation machine and stir, be provided with ultraviolet sterilization device in fermentation machine, open ultraviolet sterilization device sterilising treatment 2 hours;
3) sterilizing is after 2 hours, in fermentation machine, evenly spray EM bacterium liquid, makes compost and the mixing of EM bacterium, obtained compost EM bacterium mixture,
4) stir fermentation: control homo(io)thermism to 35 ~ 45 DEG C in fermentation machine, Keep agitation 8 hours, by the effect of aerobic bacteria and anerobe bacterial classification in EM bacterium, the organic matter in organic waste and N, P, K fermentation are decomposed out;
5) maturing process: fermentative processing is after 8 hours, by 4) after compost after the fermentation that obtains of step releases, send into slaking storehouse with forklift, buttress heap is to 2 ~ 3 meters high, place 7 ~ 21 days, heap body inserts temperature sensor, Real-Time Monitoring heap temperature, when heap temperature reaches 60 DEG C, namely on heap body, prick hole with long wooden stick to breathe freely, make compost temperature maintain less than 60 DEG C, the Secondary Fermentation compost after this step process, organism is degradable changes stable soil ulmin into;
Second step: fertilizer pulverizes granulation technology of the package, comprises that grinding screen is assorted, the large operation of batching, packaging final prod three, and concrete operation step is:
By Secondary Fermentation compost obtained for the first step aerobic composting zymotechnique, cryodrying, described drying temperature not higher than 60 DEG C,
Described cryodrying is by described Secondary Fermentation compost, be laid on the sieve plate of freeze-day with constant temperature room, described sieve plate is horizontally placed on higher than freeze-day with constant temperature room floor 75cm place, and sieve plate is provided with ventilation sieve aperture, and be provided with blower fan below sieve plate in described kiln, open time dry and keep freeze-day with constant temperature room ventilated;
By the Secondary Fermentation compost after cryodrying by trommel screening process, after sieve classification process, the powder obtained is stand-by, the particle obtained then puts into chain type crusher for crushing, fertilizer through the process of chain type pulverizer obtains powder through sieve classification process again, particulate material and impurity, impurity enters chute from rejected material mouth and enters into rejected material bucket, particulate material again to be put in chain type pulverizer pulverization process again and is entered trommel screening process again, coordinate biological function bacterium by putting in vertical disc stirrer after mixing after single groove dosage batching by being processed the powder that obtains by trommel screening process screening, enter riffle,
A fertilizer through riffle is packaged into fertilizer powder finished product, and fertilizer powder finished product is transported to stockyard by rotary conveyor;
Put in vertical disc stirrer after mixing by another part of fertilizer through riffle, put into granulation in tablets press, obtained organic fertilizer particles is packaged into organic fertilizer particles finished product, and organic fertilizer particles finished product is transported to stockyard by rotary conveyor.
Preferably, the proportioning of chicken manure 25 parts, 25 parts, cattle and sheep excrement, pig manure 35 parts is pressed in the animal excrement in described raw material, and described stalk presses the proportioning of maize straw 5 parts, wheat stalk 10 parts, the fertilizer that this proportioning raw materials is obtained, nutrient content is high, and nutrient balanced composition, nutrient is easily absorbed by plants.
The preparation technology of a kind of ecological organic fertilier of the present invention, its beneficial effect is:
1) adopt vertical disc stirrer, mixing effect is high, feed intake easily, adopt chain type pulverizer wide adaptability, not easily stuck in crushing process.
2) adopt trommel, grading effect be good, easy to clean, sieving capacity is large, guarantees that the yield rate of extruder grain is high.
3) in production process, material transports based on rotary conveyor, is aided with chute, convenient observation, cleaning.
4) production efficiency is high, constant product quality:
In preprocessing process, not only add bacterial classification, also add enzyme heap raw material and carry out pre-treatment, raw material is after bacterial classification and enzyme pre-treatment decompose; Also pass through the effect of aerobic bacteria and anerobe bacterial classification in EM bacterium, inoculation EM bacterium, Secondary Fermentation, faster than spontaneous fermentation speed, raise the efficiency, can also make that organism is degradable changes stable soil ulmin into, the fertilizer powder finished product obtained by this technique and organic fertilizer particles finished product nutrient content high;
In fermenting process, do not need to carry out turning process, heap body inserts temperature sensor, Real-Time Monitoring heap temperature, when heap temperature reaches 60 DEG C, namely pricks hole with long wooden stick and breathes freely on heap body, compost temperature is made to maintain less than 60 DEG C, leavening temperature Dynamic controlling, obtained constant product quality;
Product, through repeatedly sieve classification process, can guarantee that product is even.
In addition, this technology utilization riffle, can produce fertilizer powder finished product and organic fertilizer particles finished product simultaneously;
5) energy-conserving and environment-protective, energy consumption is low:
Pretreated raw material adopts ultraviolet sterilization device, and compared to high-temperature sterilization, energy consumption is low, and sterilising effect is good, and compared to Micvowave Sterilization, cost is low;
Compost after Secondary Fermentation adopts cryodrying, and energy consumption is low, does not destroy bacterial activity, time dry, Secondary Fermentation compost is laid on the sieve plate of freeze-day with constant temperature room, and freeze-day with constant temperature room is also provided with blower fan, open time dry and keep freeze-day with constant temperature room ventilated, improve drying efficiency.
6) adopt the finished product that this technique is obtained, effectively can regulate the eubiosis of Soil Microorganism, decompose organic matters a large amount of in soil, the organic and inorganic components of mineral substance, the soil compaction that elimination uses chemical fertilizer to cause for many years, salinization, desertification.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is aerobic composting zymotechnique schema of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that fertilizer of the present invention pulverizes granulation packaging process flow figure.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
The preparation technology of a kind of ecological organic fertilier of this specific embodiment, is divided into aerobic composting fermentation and fertilizer to pulverize granulation and packs two steps:
Please refer to Fig. 1, the first step: aerobic composting zymotechnique, comprise the large operation of raw materials pretreatment, sterilizing, stirring fermentation and maturing process four, concrete operation step is:
1) pre-treatment of raw material: by collected raw material classification bank up add degraded bacterial classification and enzyme carry out pre-treatment (raw material as high in crude fiber content adds the special degraded bacterial classification of robust fibre and decomposes), complete first time fermentation;
Described raw material comprises stalk, animal excrement, and described stalk at least selects the one of paddy rice, wheat, corn, Chinese sorghum, and the one of chicken manure, cattle and sheep excrement, pig manure is at least selected in described animal excrement;
The postpone of described stalk heap adds lignocellulose degradation bacterial classification, cellulase, zytase, amylase and lignoenzyme and carries out pre-treatment, and the postpone of described animal excrement heap adds animal excrement fermented bacterium, lipase and proteolytic enzyme and carries out pre-treatment;
2) sterilizing: pretreated raw material is transported in the ratio that C:N ratio is 20 ~ 30 and enters fertilizer ripening chamber; And join in fermentation machine and stir, be provided with ultraviolet sterilization device in fermentation machine, open ultraviolet sterilization device sterilising treatment 2 hours;
3) sterilizing is after 2 hours, in fermentation machine, evenly spray EM bacterium liquid, makes compost and the mixing of EM bacterium, obtained compost EM bacterium mixture,
4) stir fermentation: control homo(io)thermism to 35 ~ 45 DEG C in fermentation machine, Keep agitation 8 hours, by the effect of aerobic bacteria and anerobe bacterial classification in EM bacterium, the organic matter in organic waste and N, P, K fermentation are decomposed out;
5) maturing process: fermentative processing is after 8 hours, by 4) after compost after the fermentation that obtains of step releases, send into slaking storehouse with forklift, buttress heap is to 2 ~ 3 meters high, place 7 ~ 21 days, heap body inserts temperature sensor, Real-Time Monitoring heap temperature, when heap temperature reaches 60 DEG C, namely on heap body, prick hole with long wooden stick to breathe freely, make compost temperature maintain less than 60 DEG C, the Secondary Fermentation compost after this step process, organism is degradable changes stable soil ulmin into;
Please refer to Fig. 2, second step: fertilizer pulverizes granulation technology of the package, comprise that grinding screen is assorted, the large operation of batching, packaging final prod three, concrete operation step is:
By Secondary Fermentation compost obtained for the first step aerobic composting zymotechnique, cryodrying, described drying temperature not higher than 60 DEG C,
Described cryodrying is by described Secondary Fermentation compost, be laid on the sieve plate of freeze-day with constant temperature room, described sieve plate is horizontally placed on higher than freeze-day with constant temperature room floor 75cm place, and sieve plate is provided with ventilation sieve aperture, and be provided with blower fan below sieve plate in described kiln, open time dry and keep freeze-day with constant temperature room ventilated;
By the Secondary Fermentation compost after cryodrying by trommel screening process, after sieve classification process, the powder obtained is stand-by, the particle obtained then puts into chain type crusher for crushing, fertilizer through the process of chain type pulverizer obtains powder through sieve classification process again, particulate material and impurity, impurity enters chute from rejected material mouth and enters into rejected material bucket, particulate material again to be put in chain type pulverizer pulverization process again and is entered trommel screening process again, coordinate biological function bacterium by putting in vertical disc stirrer after mixing after single groove dosage batching by being processed the powder that obtains by trommel screening process screening, enter riffle,
A fertilizer through riffle is packaged into fertilizer powder finished product, and fertilizer powder finished product is transported to stockyard by rotary conveyor;
Put in vertical disc stirrer after mixing by another part of fertilizer through riffle, put into granulation in tablets press, obtained organic fertilizer particles is packaged into organic fertilizer particles finished product, and organic fertilizer particles finished product is transported to stockyard by rotary conveyor.
Above by reference to the accompanying drawings to invention has been exemplary description; obvious realization of the present invention is not subject to the restrictions described above; as long as have employed the various improvement that technical solution of the present invention is carried out; or say that design of the present invention and technical scheme are applied to other occasions, all in protection scope of the present invention without improving.
Claims (2)
1. a preparation technology for ecological organic fertilier, is characterized in that: be divided into aerobic composting fermentation and fertilizer to pulverize granulation and pack two steps:
The first step: aerobic composting zymotechnique, comprise the large operation of raw materials pretreatment, sterilizing, stirring fermentation and maturing process four, concrete operation step is:
1) pre-treatment of raw material: by collected raw material classification bank up add degraded bacterial classification and enzyme carry out pre-treatment (raw material as high in crude fiber content adds the special degraded bacterial classification of robust fibre and decomposes), complete first time fermentation;
Described raw material comprises stalk, animal excrement, and described stalk at least selects the one of paddy rice, wheat, corn, Chinese sorghum, and the one of chicken manure, cattle and sheep excrement, pig manure is at least selected in described animal excrement;
The postpone of described stalk heap adds lignocellulose degradation bacterial classification, cellulase, zytase, amylase and lignoenzyme and carries out pre-treatment, and the postpone of described animal excrement heap adds animal excrement fermented bacterium, lipase and proteolytic enzyme and carries out pre-treatment;
2) sterilizing: pretreated raw material is transported in the ratio that C:N ratio is 20 ~ 30 and enters fertilizer ripening chamber; And join in fermentation machine and stir, be provided with ultraviolet sterilization device in fermentation machine, open ultraviolet sterilization device sterilising treatment 2 hours;
3) sterilizing is after 2 hours, in fermentation machine, evenly spray EM bacterium liquid, makes compost and the mixing of EM bacterium, obtained compost EM bacterium mixture,
4) stir fermentation: control homo(io)thermism to 35 ~ 45 DEG C in fermentation machine, Keep agitation 8 hours, by the effect of aerobic bacteria and anerobe bacterial classification in EM bacterium, the organic matter in organic waste and N, P, K fermentation are decomposed out;
5) maturing process: fermentative processing is after 8 hours, by 4) after compost after the fermentation that obtains of step releases, send into slaking storehouse with forklift, buttress heap is to 2 ~ 3 meters high, place 7 ~ 21 days, heap body inserts temperature sensor, Real-Time Monitoring heap temperature, when heap temperature reaches 60 DEG C, namely on heap body, prick hole with long wooden stick to breathe freely, make compost temperature maintain less than 60 DEG C, the Secondary Fermentation compost after this step process, organism is degradable changes stable soil ulmin into;
Second step: fertilizer pulverizes granulation technology of the package, comprises that grinding screen is assorted, the large operation of batching, packaging final prod three, and concrete operation step is:
By Secondary Fermentation compost obtained for the first step aerobic composting zymotechnique, cryodrying, described drying temperature not higher than 60 DEG C,
Described cryodrying is by described Secondary Fermentation compost, be laid on the sieve plate of freeze-day with constant temperature room, described sieve plate is horizontally placed on higher than freeze-day with constant temperature room floor 75cm place, and sieve plate is provided with ventilation sieve aperture, and be provided with blower fan below sieve plate in described kiln, open time dry and keep freeze-day with constant temperature room ventilated;
By the Secondary Fermentation compost after cryodrying by trommel screening process, after sieve classification process, the powder obtained is stand-by, the particle obtained then puts into chain type crusher for crushing, fertilizer through the process of chain type pulverizer obtains powder through sieve classification process again, particulate material and impurity, impurity enters chute from rejected material mouth and enters into rejected material bucket, particulate material enters trommel screening process again after again putting in chain type pulverizer again pulverization process, coordinate biological function bacterium by putting in vertical disc stirrer after mixing after single groove dosage batching by being processed the powder that obtains by trommel screening process screening, enter riffle,
A fertilizer through riffle is packaged into fertilizer powder finished product, and fertilizer powder finished product is transported to stockyard by rotary conveyor;
Put in vertical disc stirrer after mixing by another part of fertilizer through riffle, put into granulation in tablets press, obtained organic fertilizer particles is packaged into organic fertilizer particles finished product, and organic fertilizer particles finished product is transported to stockyard by rotary conveyor.
2. a preparation technology for ecological organic fertilier, is characterized in that: the animal excrement in described raw material are by the proportioning of chicken manure 25 parts, 25 parts, cattle and sheep excrement, pig manure 35 parts, and described stalk presses the proportioning of maize straw 5 parts, wheat stalk 10 parts.
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| CN105111019A (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2015-12-02 | 广东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Special olive fertilizer for accelerating roots and retaining fruits |
| CN105200657A (en) * | 2015-10-12 | 2015-12-30 | 希雅图（上海）新材料科技股份有限公司 | Production process of non-woven new material with degradation function |
| CN105394332A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-03-16 | 尹显亮 | Chicken manure containing fermented protein feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN105646024A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-06-08 | 登封快丰收农业发展有限公司 | Bio-organic fertilizer production line |
| CN106810407A (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2017-06-09 | 淄博泰诚生物科技有限公司 | A kind of ecological organic fertilier and preparation method thereof |
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