CN104718941B - A method for interplanting selenium-enriched fruits and vegetables - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a selenium-rich fruit and vegetable interplanting method, in particular to a method for jointly planting osmunda japonica and loquat in hillside forest lands, which specifically comprises the following operation steps: the method comprises the steps of reforming a hillside forest land, planting loquat and osmunda japonica, pruning and fertilizing loquat, cultivating osmunda japonica, and fertilizing, irrigating and cultivating osmunda japonica. According to the technical scheme, the yield and the quality of the osmunda japonica can be remarkably improved, the osmunda japonica can be picked every year after the third year, the yield of the loquat which is interplanted is high, and the agricultural economic benefit is improved.

Description

A method for interplanting selenium-enriched fruits and vegetables

technical field

The invention relates to the field of agricultural production, in particular to a method for interplanting selenium-enriched fruits and vegetables.

Background technique

Myrtle, scientific name Ziji, is a perennial fern that exists widely in the Dabie Mountains. Weed is rich in protein, vitamins and various trace elements such as potassium, calcium, and scales. Weed can not only be made into delicious dishes, but also has anti-cancer, heat-clearing, detoxification, weight loss, beauty and other effects. Viruses such as Japanese encephalitis have obvious inhibitory effects, and are long-term export and best-selling vegetables overseas, especially to Japan.

At present, most of the mycelium is collected from the wild. Although there are also local experiments and artificial planting, its yield is low. The collected myrtle has thin stems and poor quality. After one or two years of picking, the myrtle will wither or no longer bud.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for interplanting selenium-enriched fruits and vegetables, which can effectively solve the above-mentioned problems.

To achieve the above object, the present invention has adopted the following technical solutions:

A method for interplanting selenium-enriched fruits and vegetables, refers to a method for joint planting of cabbage and loquat on a hillside woodland, and specifically includes the following operation steps:

S1: The hillside forest land is prepared in a step-like manner. After the land preparation, each planting area is opened along the contour line of the hillside. The outside of the slope between adjacent planting areas is built with stone piles. The middle of each planting area is provided with water. The ditch is opened along the length direction of the planting ground and the partitions are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the water ditch. A third water outlet is set on the tank wall outside the water tank. The height of the third water outlet on the same water tank is consistent with the height of the water outlet with the smaller height among the first and second water outlets. The water outlets are arranged at intervals and staggered. The top water ditch of the hillside woodland is connected to the water supply device. The upper and outer sides of the dam ridge are provided with horizontally arranged water spray pipes. , the water outlet direction of the spray holes/nozzles points obliquely to the side wall of the dam ridge. The water ditch divides the planting land into the first planting land located on the inside of the water ditch and the second planting land located outside the water ditch. The first planting land adopts The improved soil is filled and filled. The improved soil is prepared by mixing dry field soil, peat soil and fire fertile soil according to the weight ratio of 0.5:1:0.2~0.8:1:0.4, and the dry field soil is paddy field drainage and drying from March to June. The paddy field soil taken after that is not sown during the drying period and the soil is turned over 2 to 3 times. The fire fertile soil is the fire ash burned by straws, branches and weeds and the forest soil (the native land of the hillside forest) according to 1:2 The weight ratio of ~3 is mixed and prepared;

S2: Excavate a 0.6m deep planting hole in the second planting field at the end of autumn of the first year, put 1.5kg of weeds in the planting hole, then compact it with 0.2kg lime, 2.0kg livestock manure, and 1.0kg cake fertilizer, and cover it with plastic film for decomposing. , remove the mulch film after decomposing, turn over and spread the fertilizer in the planting hole, plant dwarf loquat saplings in the planting hole in the late winter or early spring of the previous year, water it thoroughly with water, and use it after the loquat shoots turn green and mature. The first-grade dilute fertilizer water is irrigated twice at intervals, and the interval between two fertilizers is 20d. The first-grade dilute fertilizer water contains 2% urea and 0.5% potassium chloride. Flower thinning; in the autumn of the same year, artificially propagated/wild weed seedlings are planted at intervals near the bottom of the dam ridge on the first planting ground, and irrigated in the ditch, and the water surface height in the ditch is lower than that of the first planting site. The height of the ground surface is 12-17cm. After the frost falls, stop irrigation and cover the surface of the first planting field with a layer of leaves;

S3: Irrigation is started after the sting in the second year, and sprouted stalks start from April to May. After the buds, open the spray holes/nozzles for 3 to 5 minutes of spraying/mist spraying. Picking; after the loquat shoots turn green and mature in spring, the loquat is fertilized twice with the second-level dilute fertilizer and water, and the interval between the two fertilizers is 20 days. The second-level dilute fertilizer water contains 5% urea and 1% potassium chloride. The tree is pruned and stretched so that the crown of the loquat tree has a round head shape, and the angle between the main branch and the main pole is 50 to 55°. After flowering, the flowers are thinned. The amount of manure applied is 500-800kg/mu, and the amount of compound fertilizer is 200-250kg/mu; ryegrass are sown on the first and second planting grounds in early August of the second year, and ryegrass seeds are added 2kg per 1kg of seeds before sowing. Bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterial solution and 1.5g ammonium molybdate are soaked for 4 to 4.5 hours. Bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterial solution is prepared by diluting Bacillus subtilis _GB03 mother solution by 10 times. After soaking, the ryegrass seeds are mixed with 8kg calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and 10kg fire fertile soil for spreading. The ryegrass seed per mu sowing amount is 0.8kg. When the ryegrass grows to a plant height of 40-45cm, the first harvest is carried out as agricultural livestock grass. When the ryegrass is harvested for the first time, stubble of 5-8 cm is left to promote the tillering and regeneration of ryegrass. When the ryegrass grows to a height of 35-40 cm, the second harvesting is carried out and the harvested grass and leaves are spread on the first and second planting sites. 1-3 cm of stubble left in the second harvest, and stop irrigation after frost falls;

S4: Starting from the third year, repeat the following operations every year: start irrigation after the sting, and apply bud-facilitating fertilizer once in March and April. After bud buds, open the water holes/sprinklers for 3-5 minutes of spraying Spray/mist spray, pick 3 to 4 times for sagebrush from April to May, in late spring, after the loquats turn green and mature, they are fertilized twice with three levels of thin fertilizer and water, and the interval between two fertilizers is 20 days. The dilute fertilizer water contains 8% urea and 1.5% potassium chloride. The loquat tree is pruned and stretched so that the angle between the new main branch and the main stem is 50 to 55°. Apply fruit tree flushing fertilizer in the early stage, and spray organic selenium fertilizer at the end of the loquat fruit expansion stage; apply livestock manure and compound fertilizer once after fruit picking and in autumn. The application amount is 200-250kg/mu; ryegrass are sown on the first and second planting grounds in early August of the second year, and 2kg of Bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterial solution and 1.5g of ammonium molybdate are added to every 1kg of ryegrass seeds before sowing. 4 ~4.5h, the Bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterial solution is prepared by diluting the Bacillus subtilis GB03 mother solution by 10 times. The OD ₆₀₀ in the Bacillus subtilis GB03 mother solution is 0.8~1.0. After soaking, the ryegrass seeds are mixed with 8kg calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and 10kg fire fertilizer. The soil is mixed with sowing. The per-mu sowing amount of ryegrass seeds is 0.8kg. When the ryegrass grows to a plant height of 40-45cm, the first harvest is carried out as agricultural and livestock grass, and 5-8cm of stubble is left during the first harvest to promote blackening. Wheat grass is tillered and regenerated. When the ryegrass grows to a height of 35-40 cm, the second harvest is carried out, and the harvested grass and leaves are covered on the surface of the first and second planting fields, and the stubble of 1-3 cm is left in the second harvest; Irrigation is stopped after frost falls, and the bud fertilizer is prepared by mixing fire fertile soil and human urine/urea;

Poultry manure is the manure collected by raising livestock and poultry; sorghum, wheat and soybean are crushed and mixed according to the mass ratio of 6:3:1 to prepare the fermentation substrate, and the yeast selenium and the fermentation substrate are mixed evenly according to the mass ratio of 1:5 , adding water and fermenting at 28°C for 70 days, the fermented product and feed were mixed for raising livestock and poultry, and the excrement of livestock and poultry was collected.

The most important thing in the planting of weeds is the control of water and fertilizer. Weeds like water and shade, but they are also afraid of waterlogging and are extremely harsh on the growing soil. Through the transformation of the above-mentioned hillside woodland, the irrigation system formed by the ditch can make the water flow evenly irrigate the whole hillside woodland, and at the same time, the water level in the ditch is controlled to be 12-17 cm lower than the surface of the first planting land, so as to ensure the happiness of the weed. Water irrigated and there will be no waterlogging. Planting Mycelia near the bottom of the dam ridge is far better than planting on the flat ground. The Mirena is affected by the dam ridge, so that the new stems and leaves grow to the side away from the dam ridge, making its The plant hormones in the plant stimulate the roots to germinate more spores and increase the yield. At the same time, the setting of the dam can make the water flow above the first planting ground not flow from the surface of the first planting ground but penetrate into the water ditch from the lower part, preventing In addition, the dam ridge built with stones can play a fixed role in the early stage of woodland reconstruction, preventing landslides from destroying the hillside woodland during the rainy season; the water spray holes/sprinklers are sprayed for a short time at night to simulate rainwater In the sky, part of the rainwater is sparsely sprayed on the scallion sprouts, which promotes the growth of the scallion stalks and makes the spruce buds thicker. At the same time, the improved soil prepared above is more suitable for the growth of the scalloped weeds in terms of acidity and fertilizer. The coincidence makes the sagebrush more sturdy, and the ryegrass can grow luxuriantly on the soil of the first planting site. The harvested ryegrass and leaves are covered, so that the sagebrush can survive the winter better, and the spores of the sagebrush will be guaranteed in the coming year. The rot of wheat grass and leaves and the application of bud-aiding fertilizer can well supplement the fertility of the first planting field and adjust the acidity, so that the weeds can be picked every year.

In addition, the loquat tree planted by the above scheme has a survival rate of 100%. The loquat has green leaves all year round, and a shady fence is formed around the scalloped scallop to ensure the growing environment of s. . In addition, the joint planting of loquat and weed can improve the economic benefits of vegetable planting. Dwarf loquat saplings can be purchased directly from seedling plants, which can quickly grow into a forest. At the same time, pre-decomposed fertilizer can ensure the nutrient demand of loquat saplings and prevent organic fertilizers from decomposing and burning the roots of saplings. The fertilization that changes year by year is also based on It is set according to the growth requirements of loquat saplings in different periods. The first year of the loquat tree is to ensure survival, requiring low-concentration fertilizer to fertilize and thin all flowers, and the second year to maintain strong seedlings, requiring medium-concentration fertilizer to fertilize and thin out 90%. % of the flowers, the third year and later is to maintain the yield, need a higher concentration of fertilizer to fertilize and thin 20 to 30% of the flowers. In addition, dwarf loquat trees reduce the labor intensity of flower thinning, fruit thinning, bagging, and harvesting, and at the same time, ensure reasonable shading of scallops.

Of course, the above is just a brief description of the main role played by each factor alone. Through the coordination of each factor, the swede can be harvested with high yield every year, and the picked succulent is strong and of good quality.

The detailed plan is:

The height of the dam ridge is 60-80 cm, and the thickness of the improved soil filling is 30-35 cm. A sandy soil layer is arranged on the lower side of the improved soil filling layer, and the bottom of the dam ridge extends into the sandy soil layer. The height is 20-25cm higher than the surface height of the first planting land. After the second year, tea trees can be planted on the second planting ground. The tea trees are located inside the loquat trees and are arranged staggered with the loquat trees. The improved soil is prepared by mixing upland soil, peat soil and fire fertile soil in a weight ratio of 0.5:1:0.2, and the bud-aiding fertilizer is prepared from 50kg fire fertile soil and 10L human urine. The branches of the dwarf loquat are also lush, like forming a fence on the outside of the ditch. At this time, larger tea seedlings are planted on the inside of the dwarf.

In addition, the selenium-rich fertilizer obtained by mixing livestock and poultry manure rich in organic selenium with weeds, lime and cake fertilizer, and the application of organic selenium fertilizer in the fruit expansion period, organic selenium can be effectively absorbed by loquat, so that the selenium in loquat can be effectively absorbed. The content is more than three times that of ordinary loquat, making it a health-care fruit. Fruit tree flushing fertilization should be used before organic selenium fertilizer. Fruit tree flushing fertilization can effectively promote the absorption of organic selenium fertilizer by fruit trees. In addition, it can also enhance color and sweetness, strong disease resistance, anti-cracking fruit, early maturity, round fruit, and storage resistance, etc. Effect.

The above-mentioned technical solution can significantly improve the yield and quality of Myrtle, and after the third year, the Myrtle can be picked every year, and the planted loquats can also achieve high yield and improve farmers' economic benefits.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of opening a water ditch on a slope;

Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the slope.

Detailed ways

In order to make the objects and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the embodiments. It should be understood that the following text is only used to describe one or more specific embodiments of the present invention, and does not strictly limit the protection scope of the specific claims of the present invention.

The following embodiments 1-2 are the Liangfeng Farm (Liangfeng, Lianhua Village, Yuexi County) jointly developed by Anqing Wancaoqianmu Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., Wuhu Hengnuo Energy Technology Co., Ltd. and Yuexi County Hongsheng Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd. group), the spores refer to the tender white spores issued on the spores, and the spores are picked after the spores grow into the spores, and the dilute manure water is prepared by mixing human urine and 2 times of water, and the urea water is 100～200g urea and 1L water to prepare. The specific application rates of fertilizers that are not specified in the following examples 1 and 2, those skilled in the art can use in appropriate amounts according to the effect of the fertilizer and the period of use to ensure the reliable planting of crops. In addition, in the whole planting process, it is necessary to perform Weeding, loosening soil, insecticide and other operations. In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the percentages of components are all mass concentrations.

The fruit tree flushing fertilization applied in the early stage of the loquat fruit expansion period is the Yungeng brand fruit tree flushing fertilization produced by Zhengzhou Yungeng Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd. The method of use is to dilute 800-1200 times for flushing and drip irrigation, and 1.5 kg per acre of dripper; The organic selenium fertilizer sprayed at the end of the fruit expansion period is a special organic selenium fertilizer of Sezhiyuan brand produced by Anhui Sewuyou Modern Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd. The use method is to dilute 500 times of liquid, spray evenly on the leaves of crops, and spray at intervals. Apply twice, 7 days apart each time; the spraying amount is determined according to the tree shape and tree age, the tree shape and age are older, the spraying amount increases accordingly, generally 1L to 1.5L per mu. Of course, fruit tree fertilization and organic selenium fertilizer produced by other companies can also be used, and the same effect has been achieved. Poultry manure is the manure collected by raising livestock and poultry; sorghum, wheat and soybean are crushed and mixed according to the mass ratio of 6:3:1 to prepare the fermentation substrate, and the yeast selenium and the fermentation substrate are mixed evenly according to the mass ratio of 1:5 , adding water and fermenting at 28°C for 70 days, the fermented product and feed were mixed for raising livestock and poultry, and the excrement of livestock and poultry was collected.

Example 1

Open fire lines in the selected hillside woodland for mountain refining, choose a sunny day to burn the ground thoroughly, remove tree roots and weeds after burning the ground, and prepare the hillside woodland into a stepped pattern. The contour lines of the hillside are opened, and the outside of the slope surface between the adjacent planting fields 11 is built with stone blocks to build a dam 12, and a water ditch 13 is opened in the middle of each planting field 11. The water ditch 13 is opened along the length direction of the planting field 11 and In the water ditch 13, partitions 131 are arranged at intervals along its length direction. The partitions 131 divide the water ditch 13 into various water tanks. A third water outlet 133 is set up, and the height of the third water outlet 133 on the same water tank is consistent with the height of the smaller water outlet in the first and second water outlets 132 (such as the height of the first water outlet is lower than the second water outlet). the height of the third water outlet 133 is consistent with the height of the first water outlet), the partitions 131 on the adjacent water ditch 13 are arranged in a staggered manner, and the third water outlet 133 on the adjacent water ditch 13 is arranged in a staggered manner. Intervals are arranged in a staggered manner, the top water ditch 13 of the hillside woodland is connected to the water supply device, the upper and outer sides of the dam ridge 12 are provided with horizontally arranged water spray pipes 14, and the pipe body of the water spray pipe 14 is provided with water spray holes at intervals to spray water. The water outlet direction of the water hole points obliquely to the side wall of the dam ridge 12. The water ditch 13 divides the planting land 11 into a first planting land 111 located inside the water ditch 13 and a second planting land 112 located outside the water ditch 13. Planting land 111 is filled with improved soil. The improved soil is prepared by mixing dry field soil, peat soil and fire fertile soil in a weight ratio of 0.5:1:0.2. The obtained paddy soil is prepared by mixing 2 to 3 times of soil without sown crops and turning the soil during the drying period. The height of the ridge 12 is 60-80 cm, the thickness of the improved soil filling is 30-35 cm, the lower side of the improved soil filling layer is provided with a sandy soil layer 15, and the bottom of the dam ridge 12 extends into the sandy soil layer 15, the first planting The width of the ground 111 is 30-40 cm, the width of the second planting ground 112 is 1-1.2 m, and the height of the second planting ground is 20-25 cm higher than that of the first planting ground;

In the late autumn of the first year, a 0.6m deep planting hole was excavated in the second planting 112, and 1.5kg of weeds were placed in the planting hole, and then compacted with 0.2kg lime, 2.0kg poultry manure, and 1.0kg cake fertilizer, and covered with plastic film to decompose. After decomposing, remove the mulch film, turn over and spread the fertilizer in the planting hole, plant dwarf loquat saplings 11b in the planting hole in the late winter or early spring of the first year, water it thoroughly with water, and use it after the loquat shoots turn green and mature. The first-level dilute fertilizer water is irrigated twice at intervals, and the interval between two fertilizers is 20d. The first-level dilute fertilizer water contains 2% urea and 0.5% potassium chloride. Removal; in the autumn of the same year, artificially propagated Myrtle scallops 11a are planted at intervals on the first planting site 111 next to the bottom of the dam 12, the width of the planting hole is 20 to 25 cm, the size is 20 × 20 cm, and the planting distance is 15 cm. , when transplanting, the weed seedlings 11a should be transplanted with soil, do not damage the root system, water the roots after planting, and irrigate in the water ditch 13, and the height of the water surface in the water ditch 13 is lower than the surface height of the first planting ground 111 12-17cm, stop irrigation after frost falls, and cover the surface of the first planting site 111 with a layer of leaves, which can be covered with fallen leaves and pine needles from miscellaneous trees;

In the second year, start irrigation after the spores are stinging. From April to May, sprouting buds begin. After budding, open the water spray holes for 3 to 5 minutes every night. Before spores and after spores, use dilute manure water or urea water for topdressing. The seedlings and buds are not picked in the first year of succulents; after the loquat shoots turn green and mature in spring, they are fertilized twice with the second-level thin fertilizer and water, and the interval between the two fertilizers is 20d. The second-level thin fertilizer water contains 5% Urea and 1% potassium chloride, pruning and pulling the loquat tree 11b so that the crown of the loquat tree 11b has a round head shape, and the angle between the main branch and the main pole is 50 to 55°, and the pulling is made by using a soft rope along the Pull down the branches in the opposite direction of growth, and fix the other end of the flexible rope with a bamboo stick inserted on the ground. Adjust the angle between the main branch and the main trunk to be 50-55°. After the branches are formed, untie the flexible rope; after flowering Remove 90% of the flowers, and apply livestock manure and compound fertilizer once in the autumn of the second year. The application rate of livestock manure is 500-800kg/mu, and the application rate of compound fertilizer is 200-250kg/mu; in August of the second year Sow ryegrass on the first and second planting grounds in the first ten days. Before sowing ryegrass seeds, add 2kg of Bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterial solution and 1.5 g of ammonium molybdate to each 1 kg of seeds to soak the seeds for 4 to 4.5 hours. Bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterial solution is Bacillus subtilis It is prepared by diluting GB03 mother solution 10 times. The OD ₆₀₀ of Bacillus subtilis GB03 mother solution is 0.8-1.0. After soaking, ryegrass seeds are mixed with 8kg calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and 10kg fire fertile soil for spreading. The per-mu spreading amount of ryegrass seeds is 0.8kg, when the ryegrass grows to a plant height of 40-45cm, the first harvest is carried out as agricultural livestock grass, and the stubble of 5-8cm is left during the first harvest to promote the tillering and regeneration of the ryegrass, and the ryegrass grows again to a plant height of 35～ The second harvest is carried out at 40cm, and the harvested grass and leaves are spread on the surface of the first and second planting fields. During the second harvest, stubble of 1-3 cm is left, and irrigation is stopped after frost falls;

From the third year onwards, repeat the following operations every year: start irrigation after the sting, and apply germination-facilitating fertilizer once in March and April, before spores or after spores, use dilute manure water or urea water for topdressing to lift the seedlings, bud buds After that, open the water spray holes every night for 3-5 minutes of spraying. Pick 3 to 4 times from April to May, without damaging the roots during picking, and apply dilute manure water once after each picking; After the green is mature, fertilize twice with three-level dilute fertilizer water at intervals of 20 days. The three-level dilute fertilizer water contains 8% urea and 1.5% potassium chloride. The loquat tree 11b is pruned and pulled. Make the angle between the new main branch and the main stem 50-55°, thin flowers after flowering, apply fruit tree flushing fertilizer in the early stage of loquat fruit expansion, and spray organic selenium fertilizer at the end of loquat fruit expansion stage; apply once after fruit picking and in autumn respectively. For livestock manure and compound fertilizer, the application amount of livestock manure is 500-800kg/mu each time, and the application amount of compound fertilizer is 200-250kg/mu each time; broadcast on the first and second planting grounds in early August of the second year Ryegrass, ryegrass seeds are soaked with 2kg of Bacillus subtilis GB03 bacteria solution and 1.5g of ammonium molybdate per 1kg of seeds before sowing for 4 to 4.5 hours. The OD ₆₀₀ in the mother liquor of Bacillus subtilis GB03 is 0.8 to 1.0. After soaking, the ryegrass seeds are mixed with 8kg calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and 10kg fire fertile soil for spreading. The ryegrass seed per mu is 0.8kg, and the ryegrass grows to the plant height. The first harvest is carried out at 40-45cm as agricultural livestock grass, and 5-8cm of stubble is left in the first harvest to promote the tillering and regeneration of ryegrass. When the ryegrass grows to a plant height of 35-40cm, the second harvest is carried out and the ryegrass are regenerated. The harvested forage grass and leaves were spread on the surface of the first and second planting fields, and the stubble was 1-3 cm in the second harvest. After the frost fell, the irrigation was stopped.

Example 2

Open fire lines in the selected hillside woodland for mountain refining, choose a sunny day to burn the ground thoroughly, remove tree roots and weeds after burning the ground, and prepare the hillside woodland into a stepped pattern. The contour lines of the hillside are opened, and the outside of the slope surface between the adjacent planting fields 11 is built with stone blocks to build a dam 12, and a water ditch 13 is opened in the middle of each planting field 11. The water ditch 13 is opened along the length direction of the planting field 11 and In the water ditch 13, partitions 131 are arranged at intervals along its length direction. The partitions 131 divide the water ditch 13 into various water tanks. A third water outlet 133 is set up, and the height of the third water outlet 133 on the same water tank is consistent with the height of the smaller water outlet in the first and second water outlets 132 (such as the height of the first water outlet is lower than the second water outlet). the height of the third water outlet 133 is consistent with the height of the first water outlet), the partitions 131 on the adjacent water ditch 13 are arranged in a staggered manner, and the third water outlet 133 on the adjacent water ditch 13 is arranged in a staggered manner. Intervals are arranged in a staggered manner. The top water ditch 13 of the hillside woodland is connected to the water supply device. The upper and outer sides of the dam ridge 12 are provided with horizontally arranged water spray pipes 14. The direction obliquely points to the side wall of the dam 12. The water ditch 13 divides the planting land 11 into a first planting land 111 located inside the water ditch 13 and a second planting land 112 located outside the water ditch 13. The first planting land 111 adopts The improved soil is filled and filled. The improved soil is prepared by mixing dry field soil, peat soil and fire fertile soil according to the weight ratio of 0.8:1:0.4. , during the sun-drying period, no crops were sown and the soil was turned over 2 to 3 times. The fire fertile soil was prepared by mixing fire ash from straw, branches and leaves, and weeds and woodland soil (the native land of hillside woodland) in a weight ratio of 1:3. The height of the dam ridge 12 is 60-80 cm, the thickness of the improved soil filling is 30-35 cm, the lower side of the improved soil filling layer is provided with a sandy soil layer, and the bottom of the dam ridge 12 extends into the sandy soil layer, and the first planting The width of the ground 111 is 30-40 cm, and the width of the second planting ground 112 is 1-1.2 m;

In the late autumn of the first year, a 0.6m deep planting hole was excavated in the second planting 112, and 1.5kg of weeds were placed in the planting hole, and then compacted with 0.2kg lime, 2.0kg poultry manure, and 1.0kg cake fertilizer, and covered with plastic film to decompose. After decomposing, remove the mulch film, turn over and spread the fertilizer in the planting hole, plant dwarf loquat tree 11b seedlings 11b in the planting hole in the late winter or early spring of the first year, water it thoroughly with water, the loquat shoots will turn green and mature. After that, the first-grade dilute fertilizer water was used to irrigate the fertilizer twice at intervals, and the interval between the two irrigations was 20 days. The first-grade dilute fertilizer water contained 2% urea and 0.5% potassium chloride. Then all were removed; in the autumn of the same year, the artificially propagated Mycelia serrata seedlings 11a were planted at intervals at the bottom of the first planting site 111, and the width of the planting holes was 20 to 25 cm, and the size was 20 × 20 cm. 15cm is planted, when transplanting, the Mikaria seedlings 11a should be transplanted with soil, do not damage the root system, water the roots after planting, and irrigate in the water ditch 13, and the height of the water surface in the water ditch 13 is lower than that of the first planting ground 111. The height of the ground surface is 12-17 cm. After the frost falls, stop irrigation and cover the surface of the first planting ground 111 with a layer of leaves. The leaves and pine needles that fall from various trees can be used for covering;

In the second year, start irrigation after the spores are stinging. From April to May, sprouting buds begin. After budding, open the water spray holes for 3 to 5 minutes every night. Before spores and after spores, use dilute manure water or urea water for topdressing. The seedlings and buds are not picked in the first year of succulents; after the loquat shoots turn green and mature in spring, they are fertilized twice with the second-level thin fertilizer and water, and the interval between the two fertilizers is 20d. The second-level thin fertilizer water contains 5% Urea and 1% potassium chloride, pruning and pulling the loquat tree 11b so that the crown of the loquat tree 11b has a round head shape, and the angle between the main branch and the main pole is 50 to 55°, and the pulling is made by using a soft rope along the Pull down the branches in the opposite direction of growth, and fix the other end of the flexible rope with a bamboo stick inserted on the ground. Adjust the angle between the main branch and the main trunk to be 50-55°. After the branches are formed, untie the flexible rope; after flowering Remove 90% of the flowers, and apply livestock manure and compound fertilizer once in the autumn of the second year. The application rate of livestock manure is 500-800kg/mu, and the application rate of compound fertilizer is 200-250kg/mu; in August of the second year Sow ryegrass on the first and second planting grounds in the first ten days. Before sowing ryegrass seeds, add 2kg of Bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterial solution and 1.5 g of ammonium molybdate to each 1 kg of seeds to soak the seeds for 4 to 4.5 hours. Bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterial solution is Bacillus subtilis It is prepared by diluting GB03 mother solution 10 times. The OD ₆₀₀ of Bacillus subtilis GB03 mother solution is 0.8-1.0. After soaking, ryegrass seeds are mixed with 8kg calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and 10kg fire fertile soil for spreading. The per-mu spreading amount of ryegrass seeds is 0.8kg, when the ryegrass grows to a plant height of 40-45cm, the first harvest is carried out as agricultural livestock grass, and the stubble of 5-8cm is left during the first harvest to promote the tillering and regeneration of the ryegrass, and the ryegrass grows again to a plant height of 35～ The second harvest is carried out at 40cm, and the harvested grass and leaves are spread on the surface of the first and second planting fields. During the second harvest, stubble of 1-3 cm is left, and irrigation is stopped after frost falls;

From the third year onwards, repeat the following operations every year: start irrigation after the sting, and apply germination-facilitating fertilizer once in March and April, before spores or after spores, use dilute manure water or urea water for topdressing to lift the seedlings, bud buds After that, open the water spray holes every night for 3-5 minutes of spraying. Pick 3 to 4 times from April to May, without damaging the roots during picking, and apply dilute manure water once after each picking; After the green is mature, fertilize twice with three-level dilute fertilizer water at intervals of 20 days. The three-level dilute fertilizer water contains 8% urea and 1.5% potassium chloride. The loquat tree 11b is pruned and pulled. Make the angle between the new main branch and the main stem 50-55°, thin flowers after flowering, apply fruit tree flushing fertilizer in the early stage of loquat fruit expansion, and spray organic selenium fertilizer at the end of loquat fruit expansion stage; apply once after fruit picking and in autumn respectively. For livestock manure and compound fertilizer, the application amount of livestock manure is 500-800kg/mu each time, and the application amount of compound fertilizer is 200-250kg/mu each time; broadcast on the first and second planting grounds in early August of the second year Ryegrass, ryegrass seeds are soaked with 2kg of Bacillus subtilis GB03 bacteria solution and 1.5g of ammonium molybdate per 1kg of seeds before sowing for 4 to 4.5 hours. The OD ₆₀₀ in the mother liquor of Bacillus subtilis GB03 is 0.8 to 1.0. After soaking, the ryegrass seeds are mixed with 8kg calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and 10kg fire fertile soil for spreading. The ryegrass seed per mu is 0.8kg, and the ryegrass grows to the plant height. The first harvest is carried out at 40-45cm as agricultural livestock grass, and 5-8cm of stubble is left in the first harvest to promote the tillering and regeneration of ryegrass. When the ryegrass grows to a plant height of 35-40cm, the second harvest is carried out and the ryegrass are regenerated. The harvested forage grass and leaves are spread on the surface of the first and second planting fields, and the stubble of 1-3 cm is left in the second harvest. After the frost falls, the irrigation is stopped. The bud fertilizer is mixed with fire fertile soil and urea according to the weight ratio of 100:5. To obtain, the urea is dissolved with water before preparation, and then mixed with fire loam to prepare.

In above-mentioned embodiment 1, 2, the planting amount of every mu of Myrtle is 2000～2500 strains, and every mu of annual output of 330 kilograms of Fresh Myrtle, the length of picking Fresh Myrtle is 15～20cm, and the root diameter of Fresh Myrtle root is 15～20cm. 0.8 ~ 1.2cm, the degree of fibrosis of fresh myrtle is low.

Traditionally planted on flat ground, the planting amount of mussel is 4500-6000, and the annual output of 300 kilograms of succulent per mu. The length of picking succulent is 15-20 cm, and the root diameter of the root of succulent is 0.3-0.6 cm. The fibrosis degree of the surface of the fresh myrtle is high.

In addition, in Examples 1 and 2, the loquat tree 11b contains 70 loquats, and after the third year, each loquat tree 11b can harvest 28-35 kilograms of loquats, and the selenium content in the loquats is more than three times the selenium content in ordinary loquats. .

The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, after learning the contents of the present invention, without departing from the principles of the present invention, they can also make Several equivalent transformations and substitutions, these equivalent transformations and substitutions should also be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a method for interplanting of selenium-enriched fruits and vegetables, refers to the method for joint planting of Weeds and loquats in hillside woodland, specifically comprising the following operating steps: S1: The hillside forest land is prepared in a step-like manner. After the land preparation, each planting area is opened along the contour line of the hillside. The outside of the slope between adjacent planting areas is built with stone piles. The middle of each planting area is provided with water. The ditch is opened along the length direction of the planting ground and the partitions are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the water ditch. There is a third water outlet on the tank wall outside the water tank. The height of the third water outlet on the same water tank is consistent with the height of the water outlet with the smaller height among the first and second water outlets. Intervals are arranged in a staggered manner. The top water ditch of the hillside woodland is connected to the water supply device. The upper and outer sides of the dam ridge are provided with horizontally arranged water spray pipes. The water outlet direction of the sprinkler points obliquely to the side wall of the dam ridge. The water ditch divides the planting land into the first planting land located on the inside of the water ditch and the second planting land located outside the water ditch. The first planting land is filled with improved soil. The improved soil is prepared by mixing dry field soil, peat soil and fire fertile soil according to the weight ratio of 0.5-0.8:1:0.2-0.4, and the dry field soil is the paddy field soil taken after the paddy field is drained and dried for 3-6 months. , during the drying period, no crops are sown and the soil is turned over 2 to 3 times, and the fire fertile soil is prepared by mixing fire ash from straw, branches, leaves and weeds and forest soil in a weight ratio of 1:2 to 3; S2: Excavate a 0.6m deep planting hole in the second planting field at the end of autumn of the first year, put 1.5kg of weeds in the planting hole, then compact it with 0.2kg lime, 2.0kg livestock manure, and 1.0kg cake fertilizer, and cover it with plastic film for decomposing. , remove the mulch film after decomposing, turn over and spread the fertilizer in the planting hole, plant dwarf loquat saplings in the planting hole in the late winter or early spring of the previous year, water it thoroughly with water, and use it after the loquat shoots turn green and mature. The first-grade dilute fertilizer water is irrigated twice at intervals, and the interval between two fertilizers is 20d. The first-grade dilute fertilizer water contains 2% urea and 0.5% potassium chloride. flower thinning; In the autumn of the same year, artificially propagated/wild scallop seedlings were planted at intervals near the bottom of the dam ridge on the first planting ground, and irrigated in the ditch, and the height of the water surface in the ditch was lower than the surface height of the first planting site by 12 ~17cm, stop irrigation after frost and cover the surface of the first planting field with a layer of leaves; S3: Irrigation is started after the sting in the second year, and sprouted stalks start from April to May. After the buds, open the spray holes/nozzles for 3 to 5 minutes of spraying/mist spraying. Picking; after the loquat shoots turn green and mature in spring, the loquat is fertilized twice with the second-level dilute fertilizer and water, and the interval between the two fertilizers is 20 days. The second-level dilute fertilizer water contains 5% urea and 1% potassium chloride. The tree is pruned and stretched so that the crown of the loquat tree has a round head shape, and the angle between the main branch and the main pole is 50 to 55°. After flowering, the flowers are thinned. The amount of manure applied is 500-800kg/mu, and the amount of compound fertilizer is 200-250kg/mu; ryegrass are sown on the first and second planting grounds in early August of the second year, and ryegrass seeds are added 2kg per 1kg of seeds before sowing. Bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterial solution and 1.5g ammonium molybdate are soaked for 4 to 4.5 hours. Bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterial solution is prepared by diluting Bacillus subtilis GB03 mother solution by 10 times. Then, every 1kg of ryegrass seed is mixed with 8kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and 10kg of fire fertile soil for sowing. The amount of sowing per mu of ryegrass seeds is 0.8kg. When the ryegrass grows to a plant height of 40-45cm, the first harvest is carried out as farm animals. Forage grass, leave 5-8cm of stubble at the first harvest to promote tillering and regeneration of ryegrass. When the ryegrass grows to a height of 35-40cm, the second harvest is carried out and the harvested grass and leaves are covered on the first and second plantings. On the surface of the ground, 1-3 cm of stubble is left in the second harvest, and irrigation is stopped after frost falls; S4: From the third year onwards, repeat the following operations every year: start irrigation after the sting, apply bud-facilitating fertilizer once in March to April, and open the spray holes/sprinklers every night after budding for 3-5 minutes of spraying /Mist spraying, pick 3 to 4 times from April to May, and in late spring, when the loquats turn green and mature, they are fertilized twice with three levels of thin fertilizer and water, and the interval between two fertilizers is 20 days. The fertilizer water contains 8% urea and 1.5% potassium chloride. The loquat tree is pruned and stretched so that the angle between the new main branch and the main stem is 50-55°, and the flowers are thinned after flowering, and the loquat fruit is in the early stage of expansion. Apply fruit tree flushing fertilization, spray organic selenium fertilizer at the end of the loquat fruit expansion period; apply poultry and livestock manure and compound fertilizer once after fruit picking and in autumn. The amount is 200-250kg/mu; in the first ten days of August of the second year, ryegrass are sown on the first and second planting grounds. Before sowing the seeds of ryegrass, add 2kg of Bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterial solution and 1.5g of ammonium molybdate to soak the seeds for 4- 4.5h, the Bacillus subtilis GB03 bacterial solution is prepared by diluting the Bacillus subtilis GB03 mother solution 10 times. The OD600 of the Bacillus subtilis GB03 mother solution is 0.8 to 1.0. After seed soaking, each 1kg ryegrass seed is mixed with 8kg calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and 10kg fire fertilizer. The soil is mixed with sowing. The per-mu sowing amount of ryegrass seeds is 0.8kg. When the ryegrass grows to a plant height of 40-45cm, the first harvest is carried out as agricultural and livestock grass, and 5-8cm of stubble is left during the first harvest to promote blackening. Wheat grass is tillered and regenerated. When the ryegrass grows to a height of 35-40 cm, the second harvest is carried out, and the harvested grass and leaves are covered on the surface of the first and second planting fields, and the stubble of 1-3 cm is left in the second harvest; Irrigation is stopped after frost falls, and the bud fertilizer is prepared by mixing fire fertile soil and human and animal urine/urea; Poultry manure is the manure collected by raising livestock and poultry; sorghum, wheat and soybean are crushed and mixed according to the mass ratio of 6:3:1 to prepare the fermentation substrate, and the yeast selenium and the fermentation substrate are mixed evenly according to the mass ratio of 1:5 , adding water and fermenting at 28°C for 70 days, the fermented product and feed were mixed for raising livestock and poultry, and the excrement of livestock and poultry was collected. 2. The method for interplanting selenium-enriched fruits and vegetables according to claim 1, characterized in that: the height of the dam ridge is 60～80cm, the thickness of the improved soil filling is 30～35cm, and the lower side of the improved soil filling layer is provided with In the sandy soil layer, the bottom of the dam ridge extends into the sandy soil layer, and the surface height of the second planting land is 20-25 cm higher than that of the first planting land. 3. The method for interplanting selenium-enriched fruits and vegetables according to claim 1, characterized in that: the improved soil is prepared by mixing upland soil, peat soil and fire loam in a weight ratio of 0.5:1:0.2. 4. the method for selenium-enriched fruit and vegetable interplanting according to claim 1, is characterized in that: bud fertilizer is prepared by 50kg fire loam and 10L human and animal urine.

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