CN104396485A - Sunlight greenhouse seedling-raising method for improving Chinese angelica germination rate - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a sunlight greenhouse seedling-raising method with which a Chinese angelica germination rate can be improved. The method comprises the steps of: (1) seed treatment; (2) seedbed preparation; (3) greenhouse controllability improvement; (4) sowing; (5) stem cutting and root insertion; and (6) seedling hardening. The method is characterized in that in the step (1), seeds are scrubbed by using arsenopyrite for removing seed wings, and are sprayed by using sterile water; the seeds are wrapped by using white cotton cloth for 1-2 days for regaining moisture; the seeds are subjected to ultrasonic processing for 30-50min; 0.35-0.40% alpha-sodium naphthylacetate is used for spraying, and the seeds are flatly paved in one layer on a filter paper; the seeds are wrapped by using the filter paper and are buried in composite nutritive soil for germination-promotion for 5-10 days; after germination-promotion, the seeds are sterilized by using 0.1g/L mercuric chloride for 5-6min, and are sterilized by using 0.1g/L sodium hypochlorite for 2-3min. In the step (5) stem cutting and root insertion, when seedlings grow to a height of 3-5cm, 1-1.5cm of aerial stems are cut, and the incisions are sterilized by using 0.1g/L mercuric chloride for 5-6min; the cut stem segments are adopted as female parents, and are transplanted into a germination medium for seedling-raising; and the stem cutting and root insertion seedling-raising step is circulated 2-3 times.

Description

A kind of greenhouse by solar heat seedling-cultivating method improving Radix Angelicae Sinensis germination rate

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of Radix Angelicae Sinensis seedling-cultivating method improving germination rate, reduce the incidence of disease, reduce controlledization of bolting rate, belong to Chinese herbal medicine planting technology field, specifically a kind of greenhouse by solar heat seedling-cultivating method improving Radix Angelicae Sinensis germination rate.

Background technology

When being classified as perennial herb, complete stool has special fragrance.Main root is slightly black, loose meat, and bottom is divided into majority slightly to draw money on credit root; Stem is upright, band purple; Universal umbel top is raw, diachenium, the tuber root of its drying is one of parts of generic medicinal plants, medicinal history is long, and history tree is all on the books, begins to remember that calling it " Radix Angelicae Sinensis taste temperature; gas in main hiccup " in Shennong's Herbal is listed in middle product, because its drug effect is peculiar, be always doctor's treasure, have the title of " ten side's rules for doing division with a one-digit divisor on the abacus ".In recent years, along with the develop rapidly of Chinese Medicine Industry, the cultivated area of Radix Angelicae Sinensis increases year by year, and supply falls short of demand for the seedling on market.Current Radix Angelicae Sinensis nursery great majority carry out at open country, when open country breeds Radix Angelicae Sinensis seedling, owing to after planting using Straw covering ground, complex operation and unfavorable observation, and outdoor seedling raising environment is uncontrollable, subject to extreme weather impact, also cause seedling regularity poor, yield poorly.The more important thing is, according to the experience of medicinal herb grower and the research to Radix Angelicae Sinensis growth mechanism, show that the choose opportunities of light, temperature, fertilizer, water, plant growth regulator, seed and acclimatization and transplants all has impact to Radix Angelicae Sinensis patent medicine phase bolting rate.But along with the development of the technology of nursing young plants in hothouses, greenhouse by solar heat seedling growing process is popularized fast in Radix Angelicae Sinensis field of planting, by Artificial Control light, temperature, and damp condition, patent medicine phase bolting rate is obviously declined, but in current greenhouse by solar heat seedling growing process, still conventional method is adopted to Angelica Sinensis Seeds process, namely ultrasonic, the physical methods such as camera bellows cultivation, also has the concentrated sulfuric acid, the chemical methodes such as drug treating, after said method process, although seed germination rate significantly improves, but later stage bolting phenomenon still can not be avoided completely, also need to reduce bolting rate by other factor controllings.

In addition, due to a large amount of uses of long-term chemical fertilizer, make existing soil property suffer very big destruction, soil compaction is airtight, and in soil layer, quantity of useful microbe declines, and the angelica root maize ear rot incidence of disease obviously increases, and causes output increased limited.At present, though there is report to point out to mix medicine by plantation field soil, forms mispickel soil soil layer, kill pathogene, prevent the generation of root rot.But mix medicine process to soil layer for a long time, not only kill soil beneficial microbe, cause soil horizon biocoenosis to distribute unbalance, if things go on like this, soil fertility obviously declines; Further, repeatedly rainwater or after watering, the medicine be distributed in soil layer is constantly diluted, and loses drug effect, obvious effect can not be played, also need constantly to mix medicine process, not only waste time and energy, increase cost, soil content also can be caused constantly to increase, destroy original ecological balance.

Finally, existing Radix Angelicae Sinensis nursery is all the plantations of seed greenhouse by solar heat, controlledization achieving light, temperature, the condition such as wet on conventional surface basis, do not make breakthrough change to Radix Angelicae Sinensis nursery key technology, thus, change such as its Radix Angelicae Sinensis seedling quality, nursery speed etc. is also not obvious, still there is nursery speed slow,, also there is seedling repellence poor, easily sick problem in the defects such as the cycle is long.

In sum; there is provided one can improve Resistance of Seedling, nursery speed; can maintain rural area soil property again, the controlledization seedling-cultivating method that can also realize the condition such as light, epidemic disaster is imperative, therefore; the present inventor is by studying for a long period of time and testing; adopt seed detoxification and tissue culture technique, realize educate the high object of Resistance of Seedling, original soil structure also can be protected not to be destroyed; can reduce costs again, shorten growing-seedling period.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is to: provide one can improve seed germination rate, Resistance of Seedling, reduce the Radix Angelicae Sinensis seedling-cultivating method of controlledization of bolting rate, adopt detoxication and tissue culture technology to nurse young plants in hothouses, realize nursery speed fast, the objects such as seedling quality is good.

To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:

A kind of greenhouse by solar heat seedling-cultivating method improving Radix Angelicae Sinensis germination rate, comprise: 1) seed treatment, 2) seedbed prepares, 3) greenhouse controlledization, 4) sowing, 5) cut stem and insert root, 6) hardening, it is characterized in that: described step 1) in seed treatment, Angelica Sinensis Seeds is first with being mixed with 50% metalaxyl and wing is removed in the frosted of 12% gram of charcoal spirit dust agent mispickel, then spray a small amount of sterile water, water consumption based on just make sand and seed moistening; With byssus parcel containing sand remove wing Angelica Sinensis Seeds, be placed in shady and cool ventilation place moisture regain 1 ~ 2 day, then will containing the ultrasonic 30 ~ 50min of sand seed; α-naphthaleneacidsodium spray with 0.35 ~ 0.40% is containing sand seed, and tile it on filter paper one deck, then will wrap up containing sand seed with filter paper; Finally the filter paper of parcel seed is imbedded vernalization in Composite nutrient soil, seed is imbedded rear unregistered land film and is covered earth's surface, and germination time is 5 ~ 10 days; At the end for the treatment of vernalization, with the mercuric chloride sterilization 5 ~ 6min of 0.1g/L, then use the hypochlorite disinfectant 2 ~ 3min of 0.1g/L.

Described step 5) cut stem and insert in root, when growth of seedling to 3 ~ 5cm, cut terrestrial stem 1 ~ 1.5cm, the mercuric chloride sterilization 5 ~ 6min of otch 0.1g/L, with cut section stem for female parent, be transplanted to nursery on germination medium, circulation cuts stem root cutting 2 ~ 3 times.

Further, described Composite nutrient soil is mixed by humus soil, field soil, river sand, scale stone flour, vermiculite, its particle diameter is the graininess soil structure of 0.03 ~ 0.05cm, and its concrete proportioning is: humus soil: field soil: river sand: scale stone flour: vermiculite=1:2:0.8:1:0.5.

Further, described germination medium formula is: KNO ₃1200 ~ 1500mg/L, KH ₂pO ₄450 ~ 500mg/L, (NH ₄) ₂sO ₄450 ~ 480mg/L, CaCl ₂450 ~ 480mg/L, EDTA-Na ₂55 ~ 59mg/L, FeSO ₄52 ~ 58mg/L, B ₉50 ~ 55mg/L, NAA 0.55 ~ 0.85mg/L, 6-BA 0.55 ~ 0.85mg/L, coconut palm breast 100ml/L, mannitol 1g/L, active 0.5g/L, sucrose 25g/L, agar 3g/L, peptone 200 ~ 300g/L, sawdust powder 5g/L, serum 100 ~ 200mg/L, clorox 0.5ml/L, all the other are sterile water.

Compared with existing Radix Angelicae Sinensis greenhouse by solar heat seedling-cultivating method, beneficial effect of the present invention is:

1) Angelica Sinensis Seeds adopts mispickel to carry out sand milling and goes wing process, removes Angelica Sinensis Seeds exocarp, at raising germination rate simultaneously, the medicament preventing and treating root rot is admixed in seed, greatly reduce the incidence of disease of root rot, show according to experimental field statistics, its root rot incidence of disease≤0.5%; Carry out ultrasonic process after removing wing, coming off on the one hand is attached to the exocuticle of the surface of the seed, also can stimulate seed germination on the other hand; Soak and get damp again with byssus parcel containing after kind of sand, the redistribution of Interior Seed moisture, nutrient component also distributes thereupon, and after broadcasting under seed, seed each several part nutrient, moisture supply balance, avoid seed to cause water flow to be obstructed because position lacks nutrient; After α-naphthaleneacidsodium spray seed, wrap by filter paper packet, formed one " enclosure space ", seed rudiment in this space, can prevent harmful bacteria in soil from infecting seed on the one hand, facilitate vernalization process to take out on the other hand.

2) the present invention is used for the soil of vernalization is Composite nutrient soil, and this Nutrition Soil can meet temperature, the damp condition that Angelica Sinensis Seeds is sprouted, and this Nutrition Soil is nutty structure, gas permeability is better, make seed respiratory intensity large, meet self nutrient supply completely, accelerate seed germination.

3) during growth of seedling to 3 ~ 5cm, cut terrestrial stem 1 ~ 1.5cm, the mercuric chloride sterilization 5 ~ 6min of otch 0.1g/L, with cut section stem for female parent, be transplanted to nursery on germination medium, adopt and not only accelerate nursery speed in this way, decrease traditional nursery step, saved cost of investment.

4) germination medium of the present invention supplements the necessary material of the Growth of Cells such as amino acid, vitamin, inorganic matter, lipid material, nucleic acid derivative by adding serum, and the section of making stem fast-germination, forms tender shoots tissue, thus grow into whole seedlings; Medium clorox of the present invention makes disinfectant, makes seedling rhizome remain detoxification, thus gives security for reducing later stage disease.

Embodiment

Be below that embodiment is intended to illustrate that the present invention instead of the present invention further limit, the present invention can implement by the either type described in summary of the invention.

Embodiment 1

Improve a greenhouse by solar heat seedling-cultivating method for Radix Angelicae Sinensis germination rate, comprising: 1) seed treatment, 2) seedbed prepares, 3) greenhouse controlledization, 4) sowing, 5) cut stem and insert root, 6) hardening, concrete steps are as follows:

1) seed treatment: selected without damage by disease and insect, without going mouldy, free from insect pests, the Min with normal fragrance returns 1000, No. 2 (GSDG90-02) seeds, after blighted grain of winnowing with a dustpan, is handled as follows:

Angelica Sinensis Seeds first with being mixed with 50% metalaxyl and wing is removed in the frosted of 12% gram of charcoal spirit dust agent mispickel, then sprays a small amount of sterile water, water consumption based on just make sand and seed moistening; With byssus parcel except containing sand remove wing Angelica Sinensis Seeds, be placed in shady and cool ventilation place moisture regain 1 ~ 2 day, then will containing the ultrasonic 30 ~ 50min of sand seed; α-naphthaleneacidsodium spray with 0.35 ~ 0.40% is containing sand seed, and tile it on filter paper one deck, then will wrap up containing sand seed with filter paper; Finally the filter paper of parcel seed is imbedded vernalization in Composite nutrient soil, seed is imbedded rear unregistered land film and is covered earth's surface, and germination time is 5 ~ 10 days; At the end for the treatment of vernalization, with the mercuric chloride sterilization 5 ~ 6min of 0.1g/L, then use the hypochlorite disinfectant 2 ~ 3min of 0.1g/L.

Described Composite nutrient soil is mixed by humus soil, field soil, river sand, scale stone flour, vermiculite, its particle diameter is the graininess soil structure of 0.03 ~ 0.05cm, and its concrete proportioning is: humus soil: field soil: river sand: scale stone flour: vermiculite=1:2:0.8:1:0.5.

2) seedbed prepares: sow first 2 weeks, and the land clearing in seedling cultivation greenhouse is clean, spreads fertilizer over the fields the farmyard manure 8m become thoroughly decomposed completely ³/ 667m ², diammonium phosphate 80kg/667m ², compound potash fertilizer 80kg/667m ², superphosphate 100kg/667m ², urea 40kg/667m ², phoxim (particle) 3kg/667m ², 25% carbendazol wettable powder 2kg/667m ², then deep plough about 25cm, ground of raking, the vexed canopy of high temperature 1 week.Take off canopy film, airing 1 week.Sow front greenhouse and cover grenadine and sunshade net, the rake a kind of farm tools 1 time of being ploughed shallowly again on ground, ground of raking, is divided into the nursery furrow of long 6m, wide 1.2m with brick, furrow to being north-south, in order to operation.

3) greenhouse controlledization: install agriculture environmental monitoring system and equipment of sprinkler irrigation in seedling cultivation greenhouse, sprinkler spacing 3.5m, water spray diameter 6m, in greenhouse, temperature controls is 22.5 ~ 24 DEG C, humid control 75 ~ 80%.

4) sow: mid-June is sowed, and sowing quantity is 4kg/667m ², by step 1) and the seed uniform broadcasting with young shoot that processed, type of seeding is: the seed furrow opening wide 2 ~ 3cm, dark 1 ~ 2cm at nursery furrow, is broadcasted sowing gently in seed furrow by seed, then covers vermiculite and fills and leads up seed furrow; After planting spray water, the 1st time injection flow rate is 3 ~ 5cm, and then sprayed water 1 time every 2 ~ 3 days, spray water 15 ~ 20min (being controlled by time-controlled switch) at every turn, is advisable to ensure that vermiculite is moistening.

5) cut stem and insert root: step 4) under the Angelica Sinensis Seeds broadcast within 4 ~ 5 days, can emerge, after emerging, every 3 ~ 4 days water sprays 1 time, many sprays during sky drought, spray less time overcast and rainy, are advisable so that vermiculite face is moistening; When growth of seedling to 3 ~ 5cm, cut terrestrial stem 1 ~ 1.5cm, the mercuric chloride sterilization of otch 0.1g/L 5 ~ 6 minutes, with cut section stem for female parent, be transplanted to nursery on germination medium, circulation cuts stem root cutting 2 ~ 3 times.

Described germination medium formula is: KNO ₃1200 ~ 1500mg/L, KH ₂pO ₄450 ~ 500mg/L, (NH ₄) ₂sO ₄450 ~ 480mg/L, CaCl ₂450 ~ 480mg/L, EDTA-Na ₂55 ~ 59mg/L, FeSO ₄52 ~ 58mg/L, B ₉50 ~ 55mg/L, NAA 0.55 ~ 0.85mg/L, 6-BA 0.55 ~ 0.85mg/L, coconut palm breast 100ml/L, mannitol 1g/L, active 0.5g/L, sucrose 25g/L, agar 3g/L, peptone 200 ~ 300g/L, sawdust powder 5g/L, serum 100 ~ 200mg/L, clorox 0.5ml/L, all the other are sterile water.

6) hardening: cut owing to adopting the method repetition nursery that stem inserts root, therefore, the hardening time is also different, first seedling hardening time of raising an infant is mid-July, is then followed successively by late July to early August, carries out when hardening is selected cloudy in sky, throw off sunshade net, when becoming a fine day, cover sunshade net; Early September, sky cyclostrophic was cool, and sunshine dies down, and should throw off sunshade net, in order to growth of seedling.

In order to verify the actual effect of technical solution of the present invention, in this seedling raising process, carried out data statistics, its result is as following table 1:

Table 1-emergence rate statistics

As can be seen from Table 1, technical solution of the present invention is adopted to carry out Radix Angelicae Sinensis nursery, its nursery sum obviously increases, reach the re-set target of 1 seed seedling-raising 3 strain, but, present downward trend to broadcast rear gained seedling (female parent seedling) under seed along with the increase of cutting stem number of times, its reason may be: in the middle of tissue culture, owing to cutting stem operation improperly, seedling is infected, thus causes dead seedling.And why the phenomena of mortality appear in final tissue culture, may be that medium infects and causes.

Comprehensively above-mentioned, adopt the inventive method to carry out nursery, its nursery speed is obviously accelerated.And carry out broadcasting under after process to seed by the inventive method, its seedling-growing time foreshortens to about 5 days, within more existing 7 days, emerges the 2 day time of shortening, and as can be seen here, Radix Angelicae Sinensis seedling-cultivating method of the present invention has obvious progressive.

Claims (4)

1. one kind can be improved the greenhouse by solar heat seedling-cultivating method of Radix Angelicae Sinensis germination rate, comprise: 1) seed treatment, 2) seedbed prepares, 3) greenhouse controlledization, 4) sowing, 5) cut stem and insert root, 6) hardening, it is characterized in that: described step 1) in seed treatment, Angelica Sinensis Seeds is first with being mixed with 50% metalaxyl and wing is removed in the frosted of 12% gram of charcoal spirit dust agent mispickel, then spray a small amount of sterile water, water consumption based on just make sand and seed moistening; With byssus parcel containing sand remove wing Angelica Sinensis Seeds, be placed in shady and cool ventilation place moisture regain 1 ~ 2 day, then will containing the ultrasonic 30 ~ 50min of sand seed; α-naphthaleneacidsodium spray with 0.35 ~ 0.40% is containing sand seed, and tile it on filter paper one deck, then will wrap up containing sand seed with filter paper; Finally the filter paper of parcel seed is imbedded vernalization in Composite nutrient soil, seed is imbedded rear unregistered land film and is covered earth's surface, and germination time is 5 ~ 10 days; At the end for the treatment of vernalization, with the mercuric chloride sterilization 5 ~ 6min of 0.1g/L, then use the hypochlorite disinfectant 2 ~ 3min of 0.1g/L.

2. the greenhouse by solar heat seedling-cultivating method improving Radix Angelicae Sinensis germination rate according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step 5) cut stem and insert in root, when growth of seedling to 3 ~ 5cm, cut terrestrial stem 1 ~ 1.5cm, the mercuric chloride sterilization 5 ~ 6min of otch 0.1g/L, with cut section stem for female parent, be transplanted to nursery on germination medium, circulation cuts stem root cutting 2 ~ 3 times.

3. a kind of greenhouse by solar heat seedling-cultivating method improving Radix Angelicae Sinensis germination rate as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Composite nutrient soil is mixed by humus soil, field soil, river sand, scale stone flour, vermiculite, its particle diameter is the graininess soil structure of 0.03 ~ 0.05cm, and its concrete proportioning is: humus soil: field soil: river sand: scale stone flour: vermiculite=1:2:0.8:1:0.5.

4. a kind of greenhouse by solar heat seedling-cultivating method improving Radix Angelicae Sinensis germination rate as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: described germination medium formula is: KNO ₃1200 ~ 1500mg/L, KH ₂pO ₄450 ~ 500mg/L, (NH ₄) ₂sO ₄450 ~ 480mg/L, CaCl ₂450 ~ 480mg/L, EDTA-Na ₂55 ~ 59mg/L, FeSO ₄52 ~ 58mg/L, B ₉50 ~ 55mg/L, NAA 0.55 ~ 0.85mg/L, 6-BA 0.55 ~ 0.85mg/L, coconut palm breast 100ml/L, mannitol 1g/L, active 0.5g/L, sucrose 25g/L, agar 3g/L, peptone 200 ~ 300g/L, sawdust powder 5g/L, serum 100 ~ 200mg/L, clorox 0.5ml/L, all the other are sterile water.